Giao an giải tích 12 -cơ bản - hUNG - 2013

Chng I: NG DNG CA O HM
KHO ST V V TH CA HM S
Bi 1: S NG BIN, NGHCH BIN CA HM S.
I. MC TIU:
1/ Kin thc: + Nm c mi lin h gia du ca o hm v tnh n iu ca hm s.
+ Nm c qui tc xt tnh n iu ca hm s.
2/ K nng: Bit xt tnh n iu ca mt s hm s n gin.
Bit kt hp nhiu kin thc lin quan gii ton.
3/ T duy v thi : Thn trng, chnh xc.
II. CHUN B.
+ GV: Gio n, bng ph.
+ HS: SGK, c trc bi hc.
III. PHNG PHP.
Thng qua cc hot ng tng tc gia tr tr, thy tr lnh hi kin thc, k
nng theo mc tiu bi hc.
IV. TIN TRNH DY HC.
* n nh v lm quen, gii thiu tng quan chng trnh Gii tch 12 chun (5')
* Bi mi:
Tg H ca GV H ca HS Ghi bng
10' Hot ng 1: Nhc li cc kin thc lin quan ti tnh n iu ca hm s
Gv treo bng ph c hnh
v H1 v H2 SGK trg 4.
Pht vn:
+ Cc em hy ch ra cc
khong tng, gim ca cc
hm s, trn cc on
cho?
+ Nhc li nh ngha tnh
n iu ca hm s?
+ Nhc li phng php
xt tnh n iu ca hm
s hc lp di?
+ Nu ln mi lin h
gia th ca hm s v
tnh n iu ca hm s?
+ n tp li kin thc c
thng qua vic tr li cc
cu hi pht vn ca gio
vin.
+ Ghi nh kin thc.
I. Tnh n iu ca hm s:
1. Nhc li nh ngha tnh
n iu ca hm s. (SGK)
+ th ca hm s ng bin
trn K l mt ng i ln t
tri sang phi.
+ th ca hm s nghch
bin trn K l mt ng i
xung t tri sang phi.
20' Hot ng 2: Tm hiu mi lin h gia tnh n iu ca hm s v du ca o hm
+ Ra bi tp: (Bng
ph)
Cho cc hm s sau:
y = 2x 1 v y = x
2
2x.
2. Tnh n iu v du ca
o hm:
* nh l 1: (SGK)
Cho hm s y = f(x) c o
hm trn K
* Nu f'(x) > 0 x K th hm
s y = f(x) ng bin trn K.
* Nu f'(x) < 0 x K th hm
1
x
O
y
x
O
y
+ Xt du o hm ca
mi hm s v in vo
bng tng ng.
+ Phn lp thnh hai
nhm, mi nhm gii mt
cu.
+ Gi hai i din ln
trnh by li gii ln bng
+ C nhn xt g v mi
lin h gia tnh n iu
v du ca o hm ca
hai hm s trn?
+ Rt ra nhn xt chung
v cho HS lnh hi L 1
trang 6.
+ Gii bi tp theo yu cu
ca gio vin.
+ Hai hc sinh i din ln
bng trnh by li gii.
+ Rt ra mi lin h gia
tnh n iu ca hm s
v du ca o hm ca
hm s.
s y = f(x) nghch bin trn K.
10' Hot ng 3: Gii bi tp cng c nh l.
+ Gio vin ra bi tp 1.
+ GV hng dn hc sinh
lp BBT.
+ Gi 1 hs ln trnh by
li gii.
+ iu chnh li gii cho
hon chnh.
+ Cc Hs lm bi tp c
giao theo hng dn ca
gio vin.
+ Mt hs ln bng trnh
by li gii.
+ Ghi nhn li gii hon
chnh.
Bi tp 1: Tm cc khong
ng bin, nghch bin ca
hm s: y = x
3
3x + 1.
Gii:
+ TX: D = R.
+ y' = 3x
2
3.
y' = 0 x = 1 hoc x = 1.
+ BBT:
x 1 1 +
y' + 0 0 +

y

+ Kt lun:
Tit 02
10' Hot ng 1: M rng nh l v mi lin h gia du ca o hm v tnh n iu ca
hm s
+ GV nu nh l m rng
v ch cho hs l du "="
xy ra ti mt s hu hn
im thuc K.
+ Ghi nhn kin thc.
2. Tnh n iu v du ca
o hm:
* nh l: (SGK)
* Ch : (SGK)

y'
y

y'

1
0
y
2
+ Ra v d.
+ Pht vn kt qu v gii
thch.
+ Gii v d.
+ Trnh by kt qu v gii
thch.
+ V d: Xt tnh n iu ca
hm s y = x
3
.
S: Hm s lun ng bin.
7' Hot ng 2: Tip cn quy tc xt tnh n iu ca hm s
+ T cc v d trn, hy
rt ra quy tc xt tnh n
iu ca hm s?
+ Nhn mnh cc im
cn lu .
+ Tham kho SGK rt
ra quy tc.
+ Ghi nhn kin thc
II. Quy tc xt tnh n iu
ca hm s.
1. Quy tc: (SGK)
+ Lu : Vic tm cc khong
ng bin, nghch bin ca
hm s cn c gi l xt
chiu bin thin ca hm s
.
13' Hot ng 3: p dng quy tc gii mt s bi tp lin quan n tnh n iu ca
hm s
+ Ra bi tp.
+ Quan st v hng dn
(nu cn) hc sinh gii bi
tp.
+ Gi hc sinh trnh by
li gii ln bng.
+ Hon chnh li gii cho
hc sinh.
+ Gii bi tp theo hng
dn ca gio vin.
+ Trnh by li gii ln
bng.
+ Ghi nhn li gii hon
chnh.
Bi tp 2: Xt tnh n iu
ca hm s sau:
1
2
x
y
x

+
S: Hm s ng bin trn cc
khong ( ) ; 2
v ( ) 2; +
Bi tp 3:
Chng minh rng: tanx > x vi
mi x thuc khong
0;
2
_

,
HD: Xt tnh n iu ca
hm s y = tanx x trn
khong
0;
2
,
. t rt ra bt
cn chng minh.
5' Hot ng 4: Tng kt
+ Gv tng kt li cc vn
trng tm ca bi hc
Ghi nhn kin thc * Qua bi hc hc sinh cn
nm c cc vn sau:
+ Mi lin h gia o hm v
tnh n iu ca hm s.
+ Quy tc xt tnh n iu
ca hm s.
+ ng dng chng minh
BT.
Cng c:
Cho hm s f(x) =
3x 1
1 x
+
v cc mnh sau:
(I) : Trn khong (2; 3) hm s f ng bin.
(II): Trn cc khong (-
; 1) v (1; +
) th ca hm s f i ln t tri qua phi.

(III): f(x) > f(2) vi mi x thuc khong (2; +
).
Trong cc mnh trn c bao nhiu mnh ng?
A. 1 B. 3 C. 2 D. 0
HS tr li p n.
GV nhn xt.
* Hng dn hc bi nh v ra bi tp v nh:
+ Nm vng qui tc xt tnh n iu ca hm s v ng dng.
3
+ Gii cc bi tp sch gio khoa.
V. PH LC:
Bng ph c cc hnh v H1 v H4 SGK trang 4
4
Ngy thng nm
Tit 3: BI TP
S NG BIN, NGHCH BIN CA HM S
A - Mc tiu:
1. V kin thc
- Cng c nh ngha hm s ng bin, nghch bin trn khong, na khong, on.
- Cng c iu kin hm s ng bin, nghch bin trn khong, na khong,
on.
2. V k nng:
- C k nng thnh tho gii ton v xt tnh n iu ca hm s bng o hm.
- p dng c o hm gii cc bi ton n gin.
3. V t duy v thi :
B - Chun b ca thy v tr:
Gio vin: Gio n, bng ph
Hc sinh: Sch gio khoa v bi tp c chun b nh.
C- Phng php:
D - Tin trnh t chc bi hc:
n nh lp
Hot ng 1: (Kim tra bi c)
Cu hi:
1. Cho hm s y = f(x) c o hm trn K, vi K l khong, na khong hoc on. Cc em
nhc li mi lin h gia s ng bin, nghch bin ca hm s trn K v du ca o hm trn
K ?
2. Nu li qui tc xt s ng bin, nghch bin ca hm s
3. (Cha bi tp 1b trang 9 SGK) :Xt s ng bin, nghch bin ca hm s
y =
3 2
1
3 7 2
3
x x x +
Tg Hot ng ca hc sinh Hot ng ca gio vin Ni dung
10' - Hc sinh ln bng tr li
cu 1, 2 ng v trnh
by bi gii chun b
nh.
- Nhn xt bi gii ca
bn.
- Nu ni dung kim tra bi c v gi
hc sinh ln bng tr li.
- Gi mt s hc sinh nhn xt bi
gii ca bn theo nh hng 4 bc
bit tit 2.
- Un nn s biu t ca hc sinh v
tnh ton, cch trnh by bi gii...
Hot ng 2: Cha bi tp 2a, 2c
a) y =
3x 1
1 x
+
c) y =
2
x x 20

15' - Trnh by bi gii.
- Nhn xt bi gii ca bn.
- Gi hc sinh ln bng trnh by bi
gii chun b nh.
- Gi mt s hc sinh nhn xt bi
gii ca bn theo nh hng 4 bc
bit tit 2.
- Un nn s biu t ca hc sinh v
tnh ton, cch trnh by bi gii...
Hot ng 3: (5') (Ni tip hot ng 2). Bng ph c ni dung
5
Cho hm s f(x) =
3x 1
1 x
+
v cc mnh sau:
(I) : Trn khong (0; 3) hm s f ng bin
(II): Trong cc khong (-
; 1) v (1; +
) th ca hm s f i ln t tri qua phi.

(III): f(x) > f(2) vi mi x thuc khong (2; +
).
Trong cc mnh trn c bao nhiu mnh ng?
A. 1 B. 3 C. 2 D. 0
Hot ng 4: ( Cha bi tp 5a SGK) Chng minh cc bt ng thc sau:
a) tgx > x ( 0 < x <
2
)
10'
+ Thit lp hm s c
trng cho bt ng thc cn
chng minh.
+ Kho st v tnh n iu
ca hm s lp ( nn lp
bng).
+ T kt qu thu c a
ra kt lun v bt ng thc
cn chng minh.

- Hng dn hc sinh thc
hin theo nh hng
gii:
b) Xt hm s g(x) = tanx - x
xc nh vi cc gi tr x
0;
2
_
,
v c: g(x) = tan
2
x 0
x
0;
2
_
,
v g'(x) = 0 ch ti
im x = 0 nn hm s g ng
bin trn
0;
2
_
,
Do
g(x) > g(0) = 0 x
0;
2
_

,
Cng c: (5') 1) Phng php xt s ng bin, nghch bin ca hm s.
2) p dng s ng bin, nghch bin ca hm s chng minh mt s bt
ng thc.
Bi tp v nh: 1) Hon thin cc bi tp cn li trang 11 (SGK)
2) Gii thiu thm bi ton chng minh bt ng thc bng tnh n iu ca
hm c tnh phc tp hn cho cc hc sinh kh:
Chng minh cc bt ng thc sau:a) x -
3 3 5
x x x
x sin x x
3! 3! 5!
< < + vi cc gi tr x > 0.
b) sinx >
2x
vi x
0;
2
_

,
6
Ngy thng nm
2 CC TR CA HM S (Tit 4, 5)
I. Mc tiu:
* V kin thc:
+ Bit cc khi nim cc i, cc tiu; bit phn bit cc khi nim ln nht, nh nht.
+ Bit cc iu kin hm s c cc tr.
* V k nng:
+ S dng thnh tho cc iu kin tm cc tr ca hm s.
* V t duy v thi :
+ Hiu mi quan h gia s tn ti cc tr v du ca o hm.
+ Cn thn, chnh xc; Tch cc hot ng; rn luyn t duy trc quan, tng t.
II. Chun b:
* Gio vin: Gio n, bng ph
* Hc sinh: Nm kin thc bi c, nghin cu bi mi, dng hc tp.
III. Phng php:
Kt hp nhiu phng php, trong vn p, gi m l phng php ch o.
IV. Tin trnh:
1. n nh t chc (1): Kim tra tc phong, s s, thi hc tp
2. Kim tra bi c (5): Xt s ng bin, nghch bn ca hm s:
3 2
1
2 3
3
y x x x +
3. Bi mi:
Hot ng 1: Khi nim cc tr v iu kin hm s c cc tr.
7
4. Cng c ton bi(3):
+ Cho hc sinh gii bi tp trc nghim:
S im cc tr ca hm s:
4 2
2 1 y x x + l: A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
+ Nu mc tiu ca tit.
5. Hng dn hc bi nh v ra bi tp v nh (1):
TG HGV HHS GB
10
10
8
7
+ Treo bng ph (H8 tr 13 SGK)
v gii thiu y l th ca hm
s trn.
H1 Da vo th, hy ch ra cc
im ti hm s c gi tr ln
nht trn khong
1 3
;
2 2
_

,
?
H2 Da vo th, hy ch ra cc
im ti hm s c gi tr nh
nht trn khong
3
; 4
2
_

,
?
+ Cho HS khc nhn xt sau
GV chnh xc ho cu tr li v
gii thiu im l cc i (cc
tiu).
+ Cho hc sinh pht biu ni dung
nh ngha SGK, ng thi GV
gii thiu ch 1. v 2.
+ T H8, GV k tip tuyn ti cc
im cc tr v dn dt n ch 3.
v nhn mnh: nu
0
'( ) 0 f x
th
0
x
khng phi l im cc tr.
+ Yu cu HS xem li th
bng ph v bng bin thin phn
KTBC (Khi c chnh xc
ho).
H1 Nu mi lin h gia tn ti
cc tr v du ca o hm?
+ Cho HS nhn xt v GV chnh
xc ho kin thc, t dn dt
n ni dung nh l 1 SGK.
+ Dng phng php vn p cng
vi HS gii vd2 nh SGK.
+ Cho HS nghin cu vd3 ri ln
bng trnh by.
+ Cho HS khc nhn xt v GV
chnh xc ho li gii.
+ Tr li.
+ Nhn xt.
+ Pht biu.
+ Lng nghe.
+ Tr li.
+ Nhn xt.
2 CC TR CA HM S
I. Khi nim cc i, cc tiu
nh ngha (SGK)
Ch (SGK)
II. iu kin hm s c
cc tr
nh l 1 (SGK)
x x
0
-h x
0
x
0
+h
f(x) + -
f(x) f
CD
8
x x
0
-h x
0
x
0
+h
f(x) - +
f(x)
f
CT
HS v nh xem k li phn hc, xem trc bi mi v lm cc bi tp: 1, 3-6 tr18 SGK.
V. Ph lc:
Bng ph:
x
y
4
3
3
2
1
2
3 4
O
1 2
Tit: 2 CC TR CA HM S

I-Mc tiu:
+ V kin thc:
- Nm vng nh l 1 v nh l 2
- Pht biu c cc bc tm cc tr ca hm s (quy tc I v quy tc II)
+ V k nng:
Vn dng c quy tc I v quy tc II tm cc tr ca hm s
+ V t duy v thi :
- p dng quy tc I v II cho tng trng hp
- Bit quy l v quen
- Tch cc hc tp, ch ng tham gia cc hot ng
II-Chun b ca GV v HS:
- GV: gio n, bng ph
- HS: hc bi c v xem trc bi mi nh
III-Phng php ging dy: vn p, gi m, hot ng nhm
IV-Tin trnh bi hc:
9
Ngy thng nm
1. n nh lp: (1)
2. Kim tra bi c:
TG Hot ng ca GV Hot ng ca HS Ghi bng
5 +Treo bng ph c
ghi cu hi
+Gi HS ln bng tr
li
+Nhn xt, b sung
thm
+HS ln bng tr li
1/Hy nu nh l 1
2/p dng nh l 1, tm cc im cc
tr ca hm s sau:

x
x y
1
+
Gii:
Tp xc nh: D = R\{0}

1 0 '
1 1
1 '
2
2
2
t

x y
x
x
x
y
BBT:
x
- -1 0 1 +
y + 0 - - 0 +
y
-2 + +

- - 2
T BBT suy ra x = -1 l im cc i
ca hm s v x = 1 l im cc tiu
ca hm s
3. Bi mi:
*Hot ng 1: Dn dt khi nim
10 +Yu cu HS nu cc
bc tm cc tr ca
hm s t nh l 1
+GV treo bng ph
ghi quy tc I
+Yu cu HS tnh
thm y(-1), y(1)
cu 2 trn
+Pht vn: Quan h
gia o hm cp hai
vi cc tr ca hm
s?
+GV thuyt trnh v
treo bng ph ghi nh
l 2, quy tc II
+HS tr li
+Tnh: y =
3
2
x
y(-1) = -2 < 0
y(1) = 2 >0
III-Quy tc tm cc tr:
*Quy tc I: sgk/trang 16
*nh l 2: sgk/trang 16
*Quy tc II: sgk/trang 17
*Hot ng 2: Luyn tp, cng c
10 +Yu cu HS vn
dng quy tc II tm
cc tr ca hm s
*V d 1:
Tm cc im cc tr ca hm s:
f(x) = x
4
2x
2
+ 1
10
+Pht vn: Khi no
nn dng quy tc I,
khi no nn dng quy
tc II ?
+i vi hm s
khng c o hm cp
1 (v do khng c
o hm cp 2) th
khng th dng quy
tc II. Ring i vi
hm s lng gic nn
s dng quy tc II
tm cc cc tr
+HS gii
+HS tr li
Gii:
Tp xc nh ca hm s: D = R
f(x) = 4x
3
4x = 4x(x
2
1)
f(x) = 0 1 t x ; x = 0
f(x) = 12x
2
- 4
f( t 1) = 8 >0
x = -1 v x = 1 l hai
im cc tiu
f(0) = -4 < 0
x = 0 l im cc i
Kt lun:
f(x) t cc tiu ti x = -1 v x = 1;
f
CT
= f( t 1) = 0
f(x) t cc i ti x = 0;
f
C
= f(0) = 1
*Hot ng 3: Luyn tp, cng c
11 +Yu cu HS hot
ng nhm. Nhm
no gii xong trc
ln bng trnh by li
gii
+HS thc hin hot
ng nhm
*V d 2:
Tm cc im cc tr ca hm s
f(x) = x sin2x
Gii:
Tp xc nh : D = R
f(x) = 1 2cos2x
f(x) = 0
cos2x =
+
+
k x
k x
6
6
2
1
(k )
f(x) = 4sin2x
f(

k +
6
) = 2 3 > 0
f(-
k +
6
) = -2 3 < 0
Kt lun:
x =
k +
6
( k ) l cc im cc tiu
ca hm s
11
x = -

k +
6
( k ) l cc im cc i
ca hm s
4. Cng c ton bi: (5)
Cc mnh sau ng hay sai?
1/ S im cc tr ca hm s y = 2x
3
3x
2
l 3
2/ Hm s y = - x
4
+ 2x
2
t cc tr ti im x = 0
p n: 1/ Sai
2/ ng
5. H ng dn hc bi nh v ra bi tp v nh: (3)
- nh l 2 v cc quy tc I, II tm cc tr ca hm s
- BTVN: lm cc bi tp cn li trang 18 sgk
- c bi v tm hiu bi mi trc nh
V-Ph lc: bng ph ghi cc quy tc I, II v nh l 2
BI TP CC TR CA HM S (Tit 6)
I. MC TIU:
1/ Kin thc:
+Khc su khi nim cc i ,cc tiu ca hm s v cc quy tc tm cc tr ca hm s
2/ K nng:
+Vn dng thnh tho cc quy tc tm cc tr ca hm s
+S dng thnh tho cc iu kin v ch 3 gii cc bi ton lin quan n cc
tr ca hm s
3/ T duy: Bit chuyn ho qua li gia kin thc t trc quan (hnh v) v kin thc t suy
lun logic.
4/ Thi : Tch cc, ch ng tham gia hot ng.
II. CHUN B.
+ GV: Gio n,cu hi trc,phiu hc tp v cc dng c dy hc
+ HS: Lm bi tp nh
III. PHNG PHP: Gi m, nu vn , din gii
12
Ngy thng nm
IV. TIN TRNH DY HC.
1.n nh t chc
2. kim tra bi c:(5)
Cu hi:Nu cc quy tc tm cc tr ca hm s

H ca GV H ca HS Ni dung Tg
Hot ng 1:AD quy tc I,hy tm cc tr ca cc hm s
1/
1
y x
x
+
2/
2
1 y x x +
12'
+Da vo QTc I
v gii
+Gi 1 nu TX
ca hm s
+Gi 1 HS tnh y
v gii pt: y = 0
+Gi 1 HS ln v
BBT,t suy ra
cc im cc tr
ca hm s
+Chnh xc ho
bi gii ca hc
sinh
+Cch gii bi 2
tng t nh bi
tp 1
+Gi1HSxung
phonglnbng
gii,cc HS khc
theo di cch gii
ca bn v cho
nhn xt
+Hon thin bi
lm ca hc
sinh(sa cha sai
st(nu c))
+ lng nghe
+TX
+Mt HS ln bng
thc hin,cc HS
khc theo di v
nhn xtkqca bn
+V BBT
+theo di v hiu
+HS lng nghe v
nghi nhn
+1 HS ln bng
gii v HS c lp
chun b cho nhn
xt v bi lm ca
bn
+theo di bi gii
1/
1
y x
x
+
TX: D = \{0}
2
2
1
'
x
y
x
' 0 1 y x t
Bng bin thin
x

-1 0 1
+
y + 0 - - 0 +

y
-2
2
Hm s t cc i ti x= -1 v y
C
= -2
Hm s t cc tiu ti x =1 v y
CT
= 2
2/
2
1 y x x +
LG:
v x
2
-x+1 >0 , x nn TX ca hm s
l :D=R
2
2 1
'
2 1
x
y
x x
+
c tp xc nh l R
1
' 0
2
y x
x

1
2

+
y - 0 +

y

3
2
Hm s t cc tiu ti x =
1
2
v y
CT
=
3
2
Hot ng 2: AD quy tc II,hy tm cc tr ca cc hm s y = sin2x-x 10'
*HD:GV c th
cc bc gii cho
hc sinh
+Nu TX v tnh
y
+gii pt y =0 v
tnh y=?
+Gi HS tnh y(
Ghi nhn v lm
theo s hng dn
ca GV
+TX v cho kq
y
+Cc nghim ca
pt y =0 v kq ca
Tm cc tr ca cc hm s y = sin2x-x
LG:
TX D =R
' 2 os2x-1 y c
' 0 ,
6
y x k k Z
t +
13
6
k
+ )=?
y(
6
k
+
) =?
v nhn xt du
ca chng ,t
suy ra cc cc tr
ca hm s
*GV gi 1 HS
xung phong ln
bng gii
*Gi HS nhn xt
*Chnh xc ho v
cho li gii
y
y(
6
k
+
) =
y(
6
k
+
) =
+HS ln bng thc
hin
+Nhn xt bi lm
ca bn
+nghi nhn
y= -4sin2x
y(
6
k
+
) = -2 3 <0,hm s t cc i
tix=
6
k
+
, k Z vy
C
=
3
,
2 6
k k z

y(
6
k
+
) =8>0,hm s t cc tiu ti
x=
6
k
+ k Z ,vy
CT
=
3
,
2 6
k k z
+
Hot ng 3:Chng minh rng vi mi gi tr ca tham s m,hm s
y =x
3
-mx
2
2x +1 lun c 1 cc i v 1 cc tiu
5'
+ Gi 1 Hs cho
bit TX v tnh
y
+Gigi HS xung
phong nu iu
kin cn v
hm s cho c 1
cc i v 1 cc
tiu,t cn
chng minh >0,
m R
+TX v cho kqu
y
+HS ng ti ch
tr li cu hi
LG:
TX: D =R.
y=3x
2
-2mx 2
Ta c: = m
2
+6 > 0, m R nn phng
trnh y =0 c hai nghim phn bit
Vy: Hm s cho lun c 1 cc i v 1
cc tiu
Hot ng 4:Xc nh gi tr ca tham s m hm s
2
1 x mx
y
x m
+ +
+
t cc i
ti x =2
10'
GV hng dn:
+Gi 1HS nu
TX
+Gi 1HS ln
bngtnh y v
y,cc HS khc
tnh nhp vo giy
v nhn xt
Cho kt qu y
+GV:gi v gi
HS xung phong tr
li cu hi:Nu
K cn v
hm s t cc i
ti x =2?
+Chnh xc cu tr
li
+Ghi nhn v lm
theo s hng dn
+TX
+Cho kqu y v
y.Cc HS nhn
xt
+HS suy ngh tr li
+lng nghe
LG:
TX: D =R\{-m}
2 2
2
2 1
'
( )
x mx m
y
x m
+ +
+
3
2
''
( )
y
x m
+
Hm s t cc i ti x =2
'(2) 0
''(2) 0
y
y

'
<
2
2
3
4 3
0
(2 )
2
0
(2 )
m m
m
m
+ +
'
<
3 m
Vy:m = -3 th hm s cho t cc i
ti x =2
14
V/CNG C:(3)Qua bi hc ny HS cn khc su
-Quy tc I thng dng tm cc tr ca cc hm s a thc,hm phn thc hu t.
Quy tc II dng tm cc tr ca cc hm s lng gic v gii cc bi ton lin n cc tr
-BTVN: lm cc BT cn li trong SGK
15
Ngy thng nm
Bi: GI TR LN NHT, GI TR NH NHT CA HM S (Tit 7,8)
I. MC TIU:
1. V kin thc:
- Nm c N, phng php tm gtln, nn ca hs trn khong, na khong, on.
2. V k nng:
- Tnh c gtln, nn ca hs trn khong, na khong, on.
- Vn dng vo vic gii v bin lun pt, bpt cha tham s.
3. V t duy, thi :
- Rn luyn t duy logic, t duy l lun.
- Tch cc, ch ng nm kin thc, tham gia xy dng bi.
II. CHUN B CA GIO VIN V HC SINH:
1. Chun b ca gio vin: Gio n, thc k,bng ph, phiu hc tp, n chiu (nu c)
2. Chun b ca hc sinh: SGK, Xem ni dung kin thc ca bi hc v cc ni dung kin
thc c lin quan n bi hc.
III. PHNG PHP: Gi m, vn p, gii quyt vn .
IV. TIN TRNH DY HC:
1. n nh lp:
2. Bi c (5 pht): Cho hs y = x
3
3x.
a) Tm cc tr ca hs.
b) Tnh y(0); y(3) v so snh vi cc cc tr va tm c.
GV nhn xt, nh gi.
3. Bi mi:
Hot ng 1: Hnh thnh nh ngha GTLN, GTNN.
T.gian Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh Ghi bng
5
5
15
- H thnh phn 1: HS quan
st BBT ( bi tp kim tra bi
c) v tr li cc cu hi :
+ 2 c phi l gtln ca hs/[0;3]
+ Tm [ ] ( )
0 0
0;3 : 18. x y x

- H thnh phn 2:( tm gtln,
nn ca hs trn khong )
+ Lp BBT, tm gtln, nn ca hs
y = -x
2
+ 2x.
* Nu nhn xt : mi lin h
gia gtln ca hs vi cc tr ca
hs; gtnn ca hs.
- H thnh phn 3: vn dng
ghi nh:
+ Tm gtln, nn ca hs:
y = x
4
4x
3

+ V d 3 sgk tr 22.(gv gii
thch nhng thc mc ca hs )
- Hs pht biu ti ch.
- a ra n gtln ca hs
trn TX D .
- Hs tm TX ca hs.
- Lp BBT / R=( ) ; +
- Tnh
lim
x
y
t
.
- Nhn xt mi lin h
gia gtln vi cc tr ca
hs; gtnn ca hs.
+ Hot ng nhm.
- Tm TX ca hs.
- Lp BBT , kt lun.
- Xem v d 3 sgk tr 22.
- Bng ph 1
- nh ngha gtln: sgk
trang 19.
- nh ngha gtnn:
tng t sgk tr 19.
- Ghi nh: nu trn
khong K m hs ch
t 1 cc tr duy nht
th cc tr chnh l
gtln hoc gtnn ca hs /
K.
- Bng ph 2.
- Sgk tr 22.
Hot ng 2: Vn dng nh ngha v tip cn nh l sgk tr 20.
16
15 - H thnh phn 1:
Lp BBT v tm gtln, nn ca
cc hs:
[ ] [ ]
2
1
/ 3;1 ; / 2;3
1
x
y x y
x
+

- Nhn xt mi lin h gia lin

tc v s tn ti gtln, nn ca
hs / on.
- H thnh phn 2: vn dng
nh l.
+ V d sgk tr 20. (gv gii thch
nhng thc mc ca hs )
- Hot ng nhm.
- Lp BBT, tm gtln, nn
ca tng hs.
- Nu mi lin h gia lin
tc v s tn ti ca gtln,
nn ca hs / on.
- Xem v d sgk tr 20.
- Bng ph 3, 4
- nh l sgk tr 20.
- Sgk tr 20.
Hot ng 3: Tip cn quy tc tm gtln, nn ca hs trn on.
15
17
4
- H thnh phn 1: Tip cn
quy tc sgk tr 22.
Bi tp: Cho hs
2
2 i -2 x 1
x v i 1 x 3
x x v
y
+
'

c th nh hnh v sgk tr 21.
Tm gtln, nn ca hs/[-2;1];
[1;3]; [-2;3].( nu cch tnh )
- Nhn xt cch tm gtln, nn
ca hs trn cc on m hs n
iu nh: [-2;0]; [0;1]; [1;3].
- Nhn xt gtln, nn ca hs trn
cc on m hs t cc tr hoc
f(x) khng xc nh nh:
[-2;1]; [0;3].
- Nu quy tc tm gtln, nn ca
hs trn on.
- H thnh phn 2: p dng
quy tc tm gtln, nn trn on.
Bi tp:
[ ]
3 2
1) m gtln, nn ca hs
y = -x 3 / 1;1
T
x +
2
2) m gtln, nn ca hs
y = 4-x
T
- H thnh phn 3: tip cn
ch sgk tr 22.
+ Tm gtln, nn ca hs:
+ Hot ng nhm.
- Hs c th quan st hnh
v, vn dng nh l kt
lun.
- Hs c th lp BBT trn
tng khong ri kt lun.
- Nu vi nhn xt v cch
tm gtln, nn ca hs trn
cc on xt.
- Nu quy tc tm gtln, nn
ca hs trn on.
+ Hot ng nhm.
- Tnh y, tm nghim y.
- Chn nghim y/[-1;1]
- Tnh cc gi tr cn thit
- Hs tm TX : D = [-2;2]
- tnh y, tm nghim y.
- Tnh cc gi tr cn thit.
+ Hot ng nhm.
- Hs lp BBt.
- Nhn xt s tn ti ca
gtln, nn trn cc khong,
- S dng hnh v sgk
tr 21 hoc Bng ph 5.
- Nhn xt sgk tr 21.
- Quy tc sgk tr 22.
- Nhn mnh vic chn
cc nghim x
i
ca y
thuc on cn tm
gtln, nn.
- Bng ph 6.
- Bng ph 7.
- Bng ph 8.
17
( )
( ) ( )
1
/ c khong 0;1 ;
;0 ; 0;
y c
x
+
trn TX ca hs. - Ch sgk tr 22.

4. Cng c bi hc ( 7):
- Hs lm cc bi tp trc nghim:
( ) ( )
2
1; ; 1
1. 2 5. n kt qu sai.
a)max ng tn t i. b)min 6.
) min 6 ) min ng tn t i.
R R
B Chohs y x x Ch
y kh y
c y d y kh
+
+

[ ] [ ]
[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
3 2
1;3 1;3
1;0 2;3 1;3 0;2
2. 3 1. n kt qu ng.
a) ax 3 )min 1
) ax ax )min min
B Chohs y x x Ch
m y b y
c m y m y d y y

+

[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
4 2
0;2 1;1 2;0 -1;1
3. 2 . nkt qu sai:
a)max 1 )min 8 ) ax 1 )min 1.
B Chohs y x x Ch
y b y c m y d y

+

- Mc tiu ca bi hc.
5. Hng dn hc bi nh v lm bi tp v nh (2):
- Lm bi tp t 1 n 5 trang 23, 24 sgk.
- Quy tc tm gtln, nn trn khong, on. Xem bi c thm tr 24-26, bi tim cn tr 27.
V. PH LC:
1. Phiu hc tp:
Phiu s 1 : Lp BBT v tm gtln, nn ca cc hs: [ ] [ ]
2
1
/ 3;1 ; / 2;3
1
x
y x y
x
+

- Nhn
xt s tn ti gtln, nn ca hs / on.
2. Bng ph :
Bng ph 1: BBT ca hs y = x
3
3x.
x 0 -1 1 3
y + 0 - 0 +
y
0
2
-2
1
8
[ ]
( ) ( )
[ ]
[ ]
3
0;3
y : 0;3 , 18. i gtln ca hs / 0;3
18 v khiu max 18.
x
Tath x y y Tan
l y

Bng ph 2 : BBT ca hs y = x
4
4x
3
.
TX: R.
y = 4x
2
(x-3). y = 0
x = 0; x = 3.
18
:min 27 khng tn t i max .
R R
KL y v y
Bng ph 3: BBT ca hs y = x
2
/ [-3;1 ]
.
x -3 0 1
y - 0 +
y 9
0
1
[ ]
x+1
ng ph 4: BBT hs y = / 2;3
x-1
B

x 2 3
y -
y 3
3/2
Bng ph 5: Hnh v SGK trang 21.
Bng ph 6: [ ]
3 2
hs y = -x 3 / 1;1 x +
y = -3x
2
+ 6x.
[ ]
[ ] ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
[ ] [ ]
1 0 3
1;1 1;1
0 1;1 ( n)
' 0
2 1;1 lo i
4; 0; 2.
: ax 4; min 0.
x ch
y
x
y y y
KL m y y

Bng ph 7:
x -
0 3 +
y - 0 - 0 +
y +
0
-27
+
19
[ ]
( ) ( ) ( )

2
2
2 0 2
4
:D=-2;2
'
4
' 0 0 ( n).
0; 2;
: ax 2;min 0.
D D
y x
TX
x
y
x
y x D ch
y y y
KL m y
Bng ph 8: hs y=1/x.
x -
0 +
y - -
y 0
-
0
20
Ngy thng nm
(Tit 9) Bi: BI TP GI TR LN NHT NH NHT CA HM S

I. MC TIU:
4. V kin thc:
- Nm vng phng php tm GTLN, NN ca hm s trn khong, on.
5. V k nng:
- Tm c gtln, nn ca hs trn khong, on.
6. V t duy, thi :
3. Chun b ca gio vin: Gio n, thc k, bng ph, n chiu (nu c)
4. Chun b ca hc sinh:
- SGK, Xem li phng php tm gtln, nn ca hm s v cc ni dung kin thc c lin
quan n bi hc.
- Lm cc bi tp v nh.
IV. TIN TRNH DY HC:
6. n nh lp:
Bi c (7 pht):
Nu quy tc tm gtln, nn ca hm s trn on. p dng tm gtln, nn ca hs
y = x
3
6x
2
+ 9x 4 trn on [0;5]; [-2;-1]; (-2;3).
Nhn xt, nh gi.
7. Bi mi:
Hot ng 1: Cho hc sinh tip cn dng bi tp tm gtln, nn trn on.
10 Da vo phn kim tra bi c
gv nu li quy tc tm gtln, nn
ca hs trn on. Yu cu hc
sinh vn dung gii bi tp:
- Cho hc sinh lm bi tp:
1b,1c sgk tr 24.
- Nhn xt, nh gi cu 1b, c.
- Hc sinh tho lun
nhm .
- i din nhm trnh by
li gii trn bng.
Bng 1
Bng 2
Hot ng 2: Cho hc sinh tip cn vi cc dng ton thc t ng dng bi tp tm gtln, nn
ca hm s.
15 - Cho hc sinh lm bi tp 2, 3
tr 24 sgk.
- Nhn xt, nh gi bi lm v
cc kin ng gp ca cc
nhm.
- Hc sinh tho lun nhm.
- i din nhm ln bng
trnh by bi gii.
- Cc nhm khc nhn
xt .
Bng 3
Bng 4
S
x
= x.(8-x).
21
- Nu phng php v bi gii .
- Hng dn cch khc: s
dng bt ng thc c si.
- c: x + (8 x) = 8
khng i. Suy ra S
x

ln nht kvck x = 8-x
Kl: x = 4.
Hot ng 3: Cho hc sinh tip cn vi dng bi tp tm gtln , nn trn khong.
10 - Cho hc sinh lm bi tp: 4b,
5b sgk tr 24.
- Nhn xt, nh gi cu 4b,
5b.
- i din nhm ln bng
trnh by bi gii.
Bng 5
Bng 6.
8. Cng c (3 pht):
-
[ ]
2
m gtln, nn ca hm s: y = cos2x +cosx-2.
Gii:
t t = cosx ; k -1 t 1.
Bi ton tr thnh tm gtln, nn ca hm s:
y = 2t 3 n -1;1 .
T
t tr

+
- Mc tiu ca bi hc.
4.Hng dn hc bi nh v lm bi tp v nh (2):
- Lm cc bi tp con li sgk.
- Xem bi tim cn ca th hm s tr 27.
22
Ngy thng nm
Bi: TIM CN CA HM S ( Tit 10)
I. MC TIU:
7. V kin thc:
- Nm c N, phng php tm TC, TCN ca th hs.
8. V k nng:
- Tm c TC, TCN ca th hs .
- Tnh tt cc gii hn ca hm s.
9. V t duy, thi :
6. Chun b ca hc sinh: SGK, Xem ni dung kin thc ca bi hc v cc ni dung kin
thc c lin quan n bi hc nh : bi ton tnh gii hn hs.
IV. TIN TRNH DY HC:
9. n nh lp:
10. Bi c (5 pht):
x + x x 1 x 1
2
. nh lim ; lim ;lim ;lim .
1
x
Chohs y T y y y y
x
+

GV nhn xt, nh gi.

11. Bi mi:
Hot ng 1: Tip cn nh ngha TCN.
10
-
2
.
1
x
Chohs y
x
c th
(C) nh hnh v:
Ly im M(x;y) thuc (C).
Quan st th, nhn xt
khong cch t M n t y = -1
khi x

v x
+
.
Gv nhn xt khi x

v x
+
th k/c t M n t y=
-1dn v 0. Ta ni t y = -1 l
TCN ca th (C).
T hnh thnh nh ngha
TCN.
- HS quan st th, tr
li.
Bng 1 (hnh v)
Hot ng 2: Hnh thnh nh ngha TCN.
7 T phn tch H1, gi hc sinh
khi qut nh ngha TCN.
- T N nhn xt ng TCN
c phng nh th no vi cc
trc to .
- T H1 Hs khi qut .
- Hs tr li ti ch.
- n sgk tr 28.
23
Hot ng 3: Cng c N TCN.
23 1. Da vo bi c, hy tm
TCN ca hs cho.
2. Tm TCN nu c
Gv pht phiu hc tp.
- Gv nhn xt.
- a ra nhn xt v cch tm
TCN ca hm phn thc c bc
t bng mu...
- HS tr li.
- Hot ng nhm.
- i din nhm trnh by.
Cc nhm khc nhn xt.
Hot ng 4: Tip cn N TC.
7
-
2-x
hs y = bi tr c.
x-1
T

Ly im M(x;y) thuc (C).
Nhn xt k/c t M n t x = 1
khi x 1
v x 1
+
.
- Gi Hs nhn xt.
- Kt lun t x = 1 l TC
- Hs qua st tr li
Hot ng 5: Hnh thnh N TC.
7 - T phn tch H4.
Gi Hs nu N TC.
- Tng t H2, t x = x
o
c
phng nh th no vi cc
trc to .
- Hs tr li.
- Hs tr li.
- N sgk tr 29
Hot ng 6: Cng c N TC.
16
-
2-x
hs y = bi tr c.
x-1
T

Tm TC ca th hs.
- Tm TC theo phiu hc tp.
- Nhn xt .
- Nu cch tm TC ca cc hs
phn thc thng thng.
- Hs tr li ti ch.
- Hot ng nhm.
- i din nhm trnh by.
- Cc nhm khc gp .
Hot ng 7: Cng c TC v TCN.
15 - Tm TC, TCN nu c theo - Tho lun nhm.
24
phiu hc tp.
- Gi i din nhm trnh by.
- Nhn xt.
- i din nhm ln trnh
by.
- Cc nhm khc gp .
12. Cng c bi hc ( 7):
- Mc tiu ca bi hc.
13. Hng dn hc bi nh v lm bi tp v nh (2):
- Lm bi tp trang 30 sgk.
- . Xem bi kho st s bin thin v v th hm s.
V. PH LC:
3. Phiu hc tp:
Phiu hc tp 1: Tm TCN nu c ca th cc Hs sau:
3 2
2
3 2 3
1) 2) 3) 2 3 1 4) 1.
2 1 4
x x
y y y x x y x
x x
+
+
+
Phiu hc tp 2: Tm TC nu c ca th cc hs sau:
2
2 2
1 2 1
1) 2) 3)
2 3 4 1
x x x x
y y y
x x x
+ +

+ +
Phiu hc tp 3: Tm cc tim cn nu c ca cc hs sau:
2
3 2 3 1
1) 2) 3)
2 1 4
2
x x x
y y y
x x
x

+

4. Bng ph:
- Bng ph 1 (Hnh v 1).
25
Ngy thng nm
Bi: BI TP TIM CN (Tit 11)

I. MC TIU:
10. V kin thc:
- Nm vng phng php tm TC, TCN ca th hm s.
11. V k nng:
- Tm c TC, TCN ca th hs .
12. V t duy, thi :
8. Chun b ca hc sinh:
- SGK, Xem li phng php tm TC, TCN ca bi hc v cc ni dung kin thc c
lin quan n bi hc.
- Lm cc bi tp v nh.
IV. TIN TRNH DY HC:
14. n nh lp:
Bi c (7 pht):
Tm tim cn ng v tim cn ngang ca th hm s
x
y = .
2-x
15. Bi mi:
Hot ng 1: Cho hc sinh tip cn dng bi tp khng c tim cn.
10 - Pht phiu hc tp 1
- Nhn xt, nh gi cu a, b
ca H1.
- Hc sinh tho lun nhm
H1.
- Hc sinh trnh by li
gii trn bng.
Phiu hc tp 1.
Tm tim cn ca cc
th hs sau:
2
2
) 1 .
3 2
)
1
a y x
x x
b y
x

+
- KQ:
Hot ng 2: Cho hc sinh tip cn vi dng tim cn mt bn.
12 - Pht phiu hc tp 2.
- Nhn xt, nh gi.
- i din nhm ln bng
trnh by bi gii.
Phiu hc tp 2.
Tm tim cn ca th
cc hs:
1
1) .
1
2)
1
y
x
x
y
x
Hot ng 3: Cho hc sinh tip cn vi dng bi tp c nhiu tim cn.

26
12 - Pht phiu hc tp 3.
- Nhn xt, nh gi.
- i din nhm ln bng
trnh by bi gii.
Phiu hc tp 3.
Tm tim cn ca th
cc hs:
( )
2
2
2
1
1) .
4
3 2
2) .
1
x
y
x
x x
y
x
3. Bi tp cng c : Hot ng 4: ( bi tp TNKQ)

3x-1
1. ng tim cn ca thhs y = :
5-2x
a)1 )2 )3 )0
B S l
b c d
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
1
2. th C .
2 3
n khng nh ng trong cc khng nh sau:
a) C 2 tim cn ng l x = -1; x = 3.
b) C 1 TC l x = 3v mt TCN l y = 0.
c) C 1 TC l x = 3v khng c TCN.
d) 1
x
B Chohs y c
x x
Ch
c
c
c
C c
+

TCN l y = 0v khng c TC .

P N: B1. B. B2. B.
- Mc tiu ca bi hc.
4.Hng dn hc bi nh v lm bi tp v nh (2):
- Cch tm TC, TCN ca th hm s. Xem bi kho st s bin thin v v th
hm s tr 31.
27
Ngy thng nm
KHO ST S BIN THIN V V TH CA HM S
TIT 12,13,14,15 S KHO ST HM S - KHO ST HM S BC BA
I/ Mc tiu:
V kin thc: Hc sinh nm vng :
- S kho st hm s chung
- S kho st hm s bc ba
V k nng: Hc sinh
- Nm c cc dng ca th hm s bc ba.
- Tm i xng ca th hm s bc ba
- Thc hin thnh tho cc bc kho st hm s bc ba.
- V th hm s bc ba ng : chnh xc v p.
V t duy v thi : Hc sinh thng qua hm s bc ba rn luyn:
- Thi nghim tc, cn thn
- Tnh logic , chnh xc
- Tch cc khm ph v lnh hi tri thc mi
II/ Chun b ca gio vin v hc sinh :
- Gio vin : Gio n- Phiu hc tp- Bng ph.
- Hc sinh : Chun b c bi trc nh. Xem li cch v th hm s bc nht v
hm s bc hai.
III/ Phng php: Thuyt trnh- Gi m- Tho lun nhm
IV/ Tin trnh bi hc:
1/ n nh t chc: ( 1 pht )
2/ Kim tra bi c : ( 10 pht )
Cu hi : Kho st s bin thin v v th hm s bc hai:
y= x
2
- 4x + 3
3/ Bi mi:
T/g Hot ng ca GV Hot ng ca HS Ghi bng
15 H1: ng dng th
kho st s bin
thin v v th hm
s:y= x
2
- 4x +3
CH1 : TX ca hm
s
CH2: Xt tnh n
iu v cc tr ca
hm s
CH3: Tm cc gii
hn

lim
x
(x
2
- 4x + 3 )

lim
x+
( x
2
- 4x + 3 )

TX : D=R
y= 2x - 4
y= 0 => 2x - 4 = 0
x = 2 => y = -1

lim
x
y
= -
lim
x
y
+
= +
x
- 2 +
y - 0 +
y
+ +
-1
Nhn xt :
hs gim trong ( - ; 2 )
hs tng trong ( 2 ; + )
28
CH4: Tm cc im
c bit ca th
hm s
CH5: V th
hs t CT ti im ( 2 ; -1 )
Cho x = 0 => y = 3
Cho y = 0 x = 1 hoc x= 3
Cc im c bit
( 2;-1) ; (0;3) (1;0) ; (3;0)
6
4
2
-2
-4
-10 -5 5
M
A
5 H2: Nu s kho
st hm s
I/ S kho
st hm s
( sgk)
15 H3: Kho st s
bin thin v v th
hm s y= x
3
+ 3x
2
-4
CH1: TX
CH2: Xt chiu bin
thin gm nhng bc
no?
CH3: Tm cc gii hn
CH4: lp BBT
CH5: Nhn xt cc
khong tng gim v
tm cc im cc tr
CH6: Tm cc giao
im ca th
vi Ox v Oy
CH7: V th hm
s
TX : D=R
y = 3x
2
+ 6x
y = 0 3x
2
+ 6x = 0
x = 0 => y = -4
x = -2 => y = 0

lim
x
( x
3
+ 3x
2
- 4) = -
lim
x+
(y= x
3
+ 3x
2
- 4) = +
BBT
x
- -2 0 +
y + 0 - 0 +
y
0 +
- -4
Hs tng trong (- ;-2 ) v ( 0;+)
Hs gim trong ( -2; 0 )
Hs t C ti x = -2 ; y
C
=0
Hs t CT ti x = 0; y
CT
= -4
Cho x = 0 => y = -4
Cho y = 0 =>
x = -2
x = 1
II/ Kho st
hm s bc
ba
y = ax
3
+ bx
2

+cx +d ( a 0)
Nd ghi bng
l phn hs
trnh by
29
CH8: Tm y
Gii pt y= 0
4
2
-2
-4
-6
-10 -5 5
A
y = 6x +6
y = 0 => 6x + 6= 0
x = -1
=> y = -2
Lu : th
y= x
3
+ 3x
2
-
4 c tm i
xng l im
I ( -1;-2)
honh ca
im I l
nghim ca
pt: y = 0
10
20
10
H4: Gi 1 hc sinh
ln bng kho st s
bin thin v v th
ca hm s
y = - x
3
+ 3x
2
- 4x +2
H5: GV pht phiu
hc tp .
Phiu hc tp 1:
KSVT hm s
y= - x
3
+ 3x
2
4
Phiu hc tp 2:
KSVT hm s
y= x
3
/3 - x
2
+ x + 1
H6: Hnh thnh bng
dng th hs bc
ba:
y=ax
3
+bx
2
+cx+d (a0)
Gv a ra bng ph
v sn cc dng ca
th hm bc 3
TX: D=R
y= -3x
2
+6x - 4
y < 0, x D
lim
x
y
+
;
lim
x
y
+

BBT
x
- +
y -
y
+
-
B: (1; 0); (0; 2)
6
4
2
-2
-4
-10 -5 5
MA
HS chia lm 2 nhm t trnh by
bi gii.
Hai nhm c 2 i din ln bng
trnh by bi gii.
Hs nhn vo cc th bng
ph a ra cc nhn xt.
Phn ghi
bng l bi
gii ca hs
sau khi gio
vin kim tra
chnh sa.
V bng tng
kt cc dng
ca th
hm s bc 3
4. Cng c: Gv nhc li cc bc KS VT hm s v dng th hm s bc 3.
5. Dn d: Hng dn hs v nh lm bi tp 1 trang 43.(5)
30
hm trng phng
Tit :
I/ Mc tiu :
1/ Kin thc :
Hc sinh nm c cc bc kho st hm trng phng , nm r cc
dng ca th hm s
2/ K nng:
Thnh tho cc bc kho st ,v c th trong cc trng hp
3/ T duy v thi :
Rn luyn t duy logic
Thi cn thn khi v th
Tch cc trong hc tp
II/ Chun b v phng tin dy hc :
GV: gio n ,bng ph , phiu hc tp
HS: hc k cc bc kho st h/s ,xem li cch gii pt trng phng
Phiu hc tp
III/ Phng php :
t vn ,giI quyt vn ,xen k hot ng nhm
IV/ Tin hnh dy hc :
1/ -n nh lp :
2/ -Bi c : - hy nu cc bc kho st hm s ?
- cho h/s y=f(x)=-2
2
x -
4
x +3 . hy tnh f(1)=? V f(-
1)=?
3/ -Bi mi :
T
G
Hot ng ca GV Hot ng ca
HS
Ghi bng
H1:
GIi thiu cho hs
dng ca hm s

H2: Nu h/s trong
vd3 sgk HS kho
st
Nhn dng h/s
v cho 1 s vd
v dng
Thc hin cc b-
c kho st di s
hng dn ca GV
1. Hm s y=a c bx x + +
2 4
(a
) 0
Vd1:Kho st s bin thin
v v th ca h/s:
Y= 3 2
2 4
x x
Gii
a/ TX: D=R
b/ Chiu bin thin :
* x x y 4 4
3 '

* 1 0
'
t x y hoc
x=0
x=
4 1 t y
x=0
3 y
31
H1? Tnh
? lim
t
y
H2? Hy tm giao
im ca th vi
trc ox?
H2? Tnh f(-x)=?
F(x)=?
H3?hy kt lun tnh
chn l ca hs?
H4? Hy nhn xt
hnh dng th
H3:pht phiu hc
tp 1 cho hs
*GV: gi cc nhm ln
bng trnh by v
chnh sa
*GV: nhn mnh
hnh dng ca
th trong trng hp :
a>0;a<0
H4: thc hin vd4
sgk
Tm gii hn ca
h/s khi x t
Gii pt :y=0
3 t x
f(-x)= 3 2
2 4
x x
f(x)= 3 2
2 4
x x
h/s chn
Nhn oy lm
trc i xng
HS chia 4 nhm
thc hin
hot ng
HS: thc hin
cc bc kho st
di s hng dn
ca GV
Tm gii hn ca
h/s khi x t
*gii hn :

+

)
3 2
1 ( lim lim
4 2
4
x x
x y
x
m
+

)
3 2
1 ( lim lim
4 2
4
x x
x y
x
m
BBT

x - -1 0 1
+
'
y - 0 + 0 - 0
+
y + -3
+
-4 -4
c/ giao im vi cc trc to
:
giao im vi trc tung :
A(0;-3)
giao im vi trc honh
:
B(- 3 ;0); C ( 3 ;0)

2
-2
-5 5
Hm s cho l mt hm
s chn do th nhn
trc tung lm trc i xng.
VD: Kho st s bin thin v
v th hm s:
y= -
2
4
x
-x
2
+
2
3
Gii:
* TX: D=R.
32
H1? Tnh
? lim
t x
y
H2? Hy tm giao
im ca th vi
trc honh
H5: Cho HS ghi bng
phn loi 4 dng ca
hm trng phng vo
v v nhn xt hnh
dng th trong 4
trng hp.
Cng c ton bi:
Yu cu hc sinh
thc hin hot ng
5 SGK
Gii phng
trnh y=0
1 t x
* y=-2x
3
-2x
* y =0 x=0 y=
2
3
* Gii hn:

1
]
1
+
t
t
)
2
3 1
2
1
( lim lim
4 2
4
x x
x y
x
x
* BBT
x - 0
+
y + 0
-
y
-
2
3
* th:
2
-2
-5 5
f x ( ) =
-x
4
2
-x
2
( )
+
3
2
Hm s cho l hm
s chn do th
nhn trc tung l trc
i xng.
VD2: Hai hm s sau c
y=0 c mt nghim:
1) y=
1 3
4
3
2 4
+ x x
2)y= - 2
2
2
4
+ x
x
V. Phc lc:
- Phiu hc tp:(H4)
- H1? Kho st hm s : y=-x 3 2
2 4
+ + x (C).
- H2? Trn cng mt h trc to hy v t y=m (d).
H3? Xt v tr tng i ca th (C) v (d) t rt ra kt lun v
tham s m.
33
Ngy thng nm
Tit:
Ngy son:
KHO ST HM S
d cx
b ax
y
+
+

( ) 0 , 0 bc ad c
I. Mc tiu:
1. Kin thc:
- Cng c s kho st hm s hc.
- Nm c dng v cc bc kho st hm phn thc
d cx
b ax
y
+
+
2. K nng:
- Nm vng, thnh tho cc bc kho st v v th ca hm s
d cx
b ax
y
+
+
- Trn c s bit vn dng gii mt s bi ton lin quan.

3. T duy, thi : Cn thn, chnh xc.
II. Chun b ca gio vin v hc sinh:
1. Gio vin: Gio n, bng ph.
2. Hc sinh: n li bi c.
III. Phng php: Gi m, vn p.
IV. Tin trnh bi hc:
1. n nh lp.
2. Kim tra bi c: Yu cu hc sinh nhc li cc bc kho st cc dng hm s hc (hm a thc)
3. Bi mi:
H1: Tip cn cc bc kho st hm s
d cx
b ax
y
+
+

Trn c s ca vic n
li cc bc kho st
cc dng hm s hc
(hm a thc), GV gii
thiu mt dng hm s
mi.
+ Vi dng hm s ny,
vic kho st cng bao
gm cc bc nh trn
nhng thm mt bc l
xc nh cc ng tim
cn (TC)
+ GV a mt v d c
th.
Xc nh: *TX
* S bin
thin
+ Tnh y'
+ Cc tr
+ Tim cn
* th
Hs thc hin theo
hng dn ca Gv
- Ln lt tng hc sinh
ln bng tm TX, tnh
y', xc nh ng TC.
- Hs kt lun c hm
s khng c cc tr
- Hs theo di, ghi bi.
3. Hm s:
d cx
b ax
y
+
+
( ) 0 , 0 bc ad c
V d1: Kho st s bin thin v v
th ca hm s:

1
3
x
x
y
* TX:
{ } 1 \ R D
* S bin thin:
+
( )
2
1
4
'
x
y
<0 1 x
Suy ra hm s lun nghch bin trn
( ) ( ) + , 1 1 ,
Hay hm s khng c cc tr.
+
+
+
+
1
3
lim lim
1
1 x
x
y
x
x

34
Nh vy vi dng hm
s ny ta tin hnh thm
mt bc l tm ng
TC v TCN.
Lu khi v th
+ V trc 2 ng TC.
+ Giao im ca 2 TC l
tm i xng ca th.

1
3
lim lim
1
1 x
x
y
x
x
Suy ra x=1 l TC.

1 lim
t x
y
Suy ra y=1 l TCN.
+ BBT
1
+
-
1
- -
+ -
1
y
y'
x
* th:
4
2
-2
-4
-6
-5 5
H2: a ra bi tp cho hc sinh vn dng.
+ Hm s cho c
dng g?
+ Gi mt hs nhc li
cc bc kho st
hm s
d cx
b ax
y
+
+
?
+ Gi ln lt hs ln
bng tin hnh cc
bc.
4 2
2 1
+
+
x
x
d cx
b ax
y
*TX
{ } 2 \ R D
*S bin thin:
+y'=
( )
2 0
4 2
6
2
>
x
x
Suy ra hm s lun ng bin
trn
( ) ( ) + , 2 2 ,
+ ng TC
+BBT:
V d2: Kho st s bin thin
v v th ca hm s:

4 2
2 1
x
x
y
35
-1
-
+
-1
2
+
-
y
y'
x
* th:
4
2
-2
-4
-6
-5 5
4. Cng c:
5. Bi tp v nh: Bi3/Sgk
Cho hm s
1
2
+
mx
y
a/ Kho st v v th ca hm s vi m=1v vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s ti
giao im ca n vi trc tung.
b/ Tm m th hm s i qua im (2;-1)
36
Ngy thng nm
Bi tp :
KHO ST S BIN THIN v
V TH HM S BC BA
I. Mc tiu :
+ Kin thc :
Bit s tng qut kho st hm s bc 3 : Tm tp xc nh ,chiu bin
thin , tm cc tr , lp bng bin thin , tm im c bit , v th
+ K nng :
Bit vn dng o hm cp 1 xt chiu bin thin v tm im cc tr ca
hm s , bit v th hm s bc 3
+ T duy v thi :
V th cn thn , chnh xc , Nhn c dng ca th
Bit c tm i xng ca th hm s bc 3,v chnh xc th i xng
II. Chun b ca gio vin v hc sinh :
+ Gio vin :
Gio n , thc k , phn mu , bng ph (nu c )
+ Hc sinh :
Son bi tp v kho st v v th hm s bc 3
III. Phng php :
+ Gi m , hng dn
+ Hc sinh ln bng trnh by bi gii
+ Hot ng nhm
IV. Tin trnh bi dy :
1. n nh t chc : ( S s , hc sinh vng )
2. Kim tra bi c : ( 5pht )
a. Pht biu s kho st s bin thin v v th hm s
b. p dng : Kho st s bin thin v v d th hm s y = x
3
3x
37
1
Tg Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh Ghi bng
3
3
HTP1
Gi hc sinh nu tp xc
nh ca hm s
HTP2
Tnh o hm y v tm
nghim ca o hm
y = 0
Da vo du ca o hm y
nu tnh ng bin v nghch
bin ca hm s
HTP1
Pht biu tp xc nh ca
hm s
HTP2
Pht biu o hm y v
tm nghim ca o hm
y = 0
Pht biu du ca o hm
y nu tnh ng bin v
nghch bin ca hm s
1.Bi 1. Kho st s bin thin v v
th hm s y = 2 + 3x x
3

a. TX : R
b. S bin thin :
* Chiu bin thin y' = 3 3x
2

y' = 0
[
Trn khong
( ; 1)
v
(1; ) +
y' m nn hm s nghch bin
Trn khong ( 1;1) y' dng
nn hm s ng bin

4
5
5
HTP3
Da vo chiu bin thin
Tm im cc i v cc
tiu ca th hm s
Tnh cc gii hn ti v
cc
HTP4
Da vo chiu bin thin v
im cc tr ca hm s hy
lp bng bin thin
Tm giao im ca th vi
cc trc to
HTP5
V th hm s
HTP3
Pht biu chiu bin thin
v im cc i , cc tiu
ca th hm s
Tnh cc gii hn ti v
cc
HTP4
Gi hc sinh lp bng bin
thin v tm giao im ca
th vi cc trc to
HTP5
V th hm s
* Cc tr :
Hm s t cc tiu ti x = 1,
y
CT
= y( 1) = 0
Hm s t cc i ti x = 1
y
C
= y(1) = 4
Cc gii hn ti v cc ;
3
3 2
2 3
lim lim ( 1)
x
x
y x
x x
+ +
3
3 2
2 3
lim lim ( 1)
x
x
y x
x x
+
+
+
*Bng bin thin
x
1 1
+
y 0 + 0
y
+
4
0 C

CT
c. th : Ta c
2 + 3x x
3
= (x+1)
2
(2 x) = 0

[ Vy cc giao im ca
th hm s vi trc Ox l
( 1;0) v (2;0)
Giao im ca th hm s vi trc Oy
l I(0;2)
Ta c th nhn I(0;2) lm tm i xng
v th l

38
1 x
1 x
1 x
2 x
x
y
o
1
1 2
4
I
2
x
y
O
1 2 2 4
3. Bi mi :
Hot ng 1.

4. Cng c : (3) Nu s kho st s bin thin v v th hm s bc 3
5. Bi tp v nh (2) Kho st s bin thin v v th hm s
a. y = x
4
2x
2
+ 2 b. y = x
4
+ 8x
2
1
BI TP HM TRNG PHNG
I.MC CH , YU CU:
1.V kin thc:
Cng c cc bc kho st v cch v th hm s ca hm trng phng.
Khc su s tng qut kho st v v cc dng th hm trng phng v cc
bi ton lin quan.
2.V k nng:
Rn k nng kho st v v th hm trng phng.
HS lm c cc bi ton v giao im, tip tuyn,cc bi ton tm tham s .
3. T duy thi : Rn luyn t duy linh hot ,tnh chnh xc,logic, thi nghim tc ,
cn thn.
II.PHNG PHP : Gi m ,vn p .
III.CHUN B :
Gio vin : Gio n
Hc sinh : Lm cc bi tp trc nh.
IV.TIN TRNH BI HC :
1.n nh lp: N np , s lng.
2.Kim tra bi c: kho st v v th hm s y = x
4
2x
2
.
3.Bi mi:
TG Hot ng ca thy Hot ng ca hc
sinh
Ghi bng
39
H1:cho hs gii bi tp 1.
H1: gi hs nu li s
kho st hm s.
Gi HS nhn xt bi lm ca
bn (Kim tra bi c)
GV HD li tng bc cho
HS nm k phng php v
th hm trng phng vi
3 cc tr.
H2: hm s c bao nhiu
cc tr? v sao?
Cho HS tho lun phng
php gii cu b.
H3:Nu cng thc vit pt
tip tuyn ca (C) qua tip
im?
H4:Mun vit c pttt cn
c yu t no?
H5:Mun tm to tip
im ta lm g?
GV HD li phng php
cho HS.
Gi cho HS lm cu c.
Nhc HS ch VD8/T42
sgk.
H4:T d :y = m c g c
bit ?
+HS ghi bi v tho
lun:
+HS tr li:
+HS nhn xt bi lm
ca bn:
+HS ch lng nghe:
+HS tr li:3
+HS tho lun tm
phng n tr li:
+HS suy ngh v tr li:
+HS tr li:
+HS tr li:
+HS ln bng trnh by
li gii:
+HS ch lng nghe v
hiu phng php:
+HS suy ngh phng
php ,chun b ln bng:
+HS c k vd v ch
phng php:
Bi 1:a.kho st v v th hm s
(C) y = f(x) = x
4
2x
2
.
b.Vit pttt ca (C) ti cc giao
im ca n t y = 8 .
c,Da vo th bin lun s
nghim ca pt :x
4
2x
2
m = 0.
Gii:
a, TXD: D = R.
f(x) l hm s chn
b,Chiu bin thin:
y
= 4x
3
-4x ,
y
= 0
1; ( 1) 1
0; (0) 0
x f
x f
t t

lim
xt
+
, hm s khng c tim cn.
Bng bin thin:
x 0
0
0
0 y
y
- + -
+
+
-1 -1
0
1
+
40
+
-1
0 -1 1
-1
b,HD: (C) ct d ti A(-2;8) v B(2;8).
Phng trnh tip tuyn c dng:
y = f
(
o
x
)(x -
o
x
) +
o
y
Thay s vo c kq ng
c.t pt tac: x
4
2x
2
= m .
S giao im ca t d v th (C)
chnh l s nghim ca pt, t ta c
kt qu sau:
KQ: m < -1 :pt v nghim.
m = -1:phng trnh c hai
nghim : x = 1 t
-1< m<0: phng trnh c bn
nghim phn bit
m = 0: pt c 3 nghim pbit
l x= 0 v x = 2 t
m> 0 :pt lun c 2 nghim
phn bit

Hm s ng bin trn (-1;0) v (1;+
+
).
Hm s nghch bin trn (
;-1) v
(0;1).
im cc i : O(0;0).
im cc tiu: ( -1;-1) v(1;-1)
c. th:
2 2
H5:khi m thay i th t d
s c nhng v tr tng i
no so vi (C)?
Gi HS ln bng v tr li
cu hi ny:
Nhn xt li li gii ca HS:
Cng c li phng php
gii ton bi cho HS hiu:
H2:Cho HS lm tip bi
tp 2.
Gi HS tho lun lm cu
2a.
H1: th c bao nhiu
im cc tr v ti sao?
H2: Hnh dng ca (C) c g
khc so vi cu 1a.
Gi HS ln bng kho st v
v th cu 2a.
H3:Phng php bin lun
theo k s giao im ca (C)
v parapol (P) .

GV HD li phng php
thm ln na.
GV HD cho HS ln bng
trnh by li gii:
GV cng c li ton bi.
+HS tr li c:
+HS tr li
+HS ln bng trnh by
li gii:
+HS ch lng nghe v
rt kinh nghim:
+HS ch lng nghe :
+HS tr li: 1
HS tr li:ging
parapol.
+HS ln bng trnh by:
+HS tr li : lp phng
trnh honh giao
im:
+HS ch lng nghe:
+HS ln bng trnh by
li gii:
+HS ch lng nghe v
cng c phng php
ln na:

V.CNG C V BTVN:
1.Cng c: Nm vng phng php kho st v v th cc dng hm trng phng.
Phng php vit phng trnh tip tuyn v cch tim giao im.
2.BTVN: BT 2,4,7/T43.44/SGK.
Bi tp thm:
Bi 1:
Cho hm s (Cm).
1)Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) khi m=3.
2)Gi A l giao im ca (C) v trc tung. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) ti A
Bi 2:Cho hm s y=mx
4
+(m
2
-9)x
2
+10 (1)
41
-1
Bi 2.a.kho st v v th hm
s(C) y = f(x) = x
4
+ 2x
2
-1.
b.Bin lun theo k s giao im
ca (C) v (P) :y = 2x
2
+ k
HD:(KS theo s v v c
th.)
b.PTH G: x
4
= k +1.
S giao im ca (C) v (P) l s
ngim ca pt trn, ta suy ra:
k =-1: (P) ct (C) tai A(0;-1)
k < -1: (P) khng ct (C)
k > -1: (P)ct (C) ti hai im phn
bit.
1) Kho st s bin thin v v th hm s (C) khi m=1.
2) Vit Phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) qua cc giao im ca n vi t y =19.
2) Tm m hm s (1) c 3 cc tr.
Bi 3:Cho hm s y = ax
4
+bx
2
+c
a.Tm a,b,c bit th hm s i qua im ( )
2;3
,t cc tr bng 4 khi x=-1
b.Kho st vi gi tr a,b,c va tm c , gi l th (C)
BI TP KHO ST HM S
d cx
b ax
y
+
+

( ) 0 ; 0 bc ad c
I.Mc tiu:
1.Kin thc:
- Cng c s kho st hm s
d cx
b ax
Y
+
+
2. K nng:
- Thnh tho cc bc kho st v v c th hm s nht bin
- Phn loi c cc dng th hc
- Xc nh c giao im ca ng thng vi th
- Bin lun c s nghim ca phng trnh bng cch da vo th
- Vit c phng trnh tip tuyn vi th tai mt im.
3.T duy thi :Tp trung,logic,cn thn v chnh xc
II.Chun b ca GVv HS:
1. Gio vin: Son bi,h thng cu hi v bi tp
2. Hc sinh: Chun b bi c v xem li cn thn cc v d trong SGK
III. Phng php:Gi m, nu vn v tho lun nhm
IV.Tin trnh bi dy:
1.n nh lp: Kim tra s s v v sinh.
2.Kim tra bi c:
GV: Nu cc bc kho st v v th hm s dng
d cx
b ax
Y
+
+
? Gi hc sinh ng ti ch tr li, nh gi
cho im
3.Ni dung bi mi:
Hot ng 1. Cho hm s
1
3
+
x
y
c th l (C )
a.Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s
b.nh m ng thng d: y=2x-m ct th (C ) ti hai im phn bit.
TG Hot ng ca GV Hot ng ca hc sinh Ghi bng
17 HTP1:
- Cho hs nhn xt dng
hm s.
- th ny c nhng
tim cn no?
-Cho 01 hs ln bng
gii,cc hs khc tho
lun v gii vo v.
-Gio vin un nn
hng dn cc hc
sinh hon thnh tng
bc
- dng nht bin c a=0
- c TC : x=-1
TCN :y=0 , Ox
Bi lm:
*TX: D=R\{-1}
* S bin thin:
+ o hm:
( )
1 , 0
1
3
2
<
+
x
x
y
.hm s nghch bin trn
( ) ( ) + ; 1 1 ;
+ Tim cn:
.
+

1
3
lim
1
x
x
; +
+
+

1
3
lim
1
x
x
x=-1 l tim cn ng

0
1
3
lim
+
t
x
x
Ghi li gii ng
ging nh hc
sinh
42
suy ra ng thng y=0 l tim cn ngang
+ BBT:
-
-
0
-1
0
-
+
+ -
y
y'
x
* th:
B:
(0:3) ;(2:1) ;(-2:-3)
4
2
-2
-4
-6
-5 5 O
10' HTP2:
- ng thng (d) ct
th (C ) ti hai im
phn bit khi no?
-cho hs lp phng
trnh hg v gii. gi
mt hc sinh ln bng
trnh by
- Gv un nn hng
dn hc sinh tng
bc cho n ht bi.
- phng trnh honh giao im ca (C) v
(d) c hai nghim phn bit.
Bi gii ca hc sinh:
.phng trnh honh :
( ) ( ) 0 3 2 2
) 1 ( , 2
1
3
2
+ +

+
m x m x
x m x
x
C:
( ) m m
m m
> + +
+ +
, 0 24 2
28 4
2
2
Vy ng thng d lun ct (C) ti hai im
phn bit vi mi m.

Ghi li gii ng
ging nh hc
sinh.
Hot ng 2: Gii bi tp s 9 trang 44 sgk
Cho hm s
( )
1
1 2 1
+ +
x
m x m
y (m l tham s) c th l (G)
a/ Xc nh m th (G) i qua im (0;-1)
b/ Kho st s bin thin v v thj ca hm s vi m tm c.
c/ Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th trn ti giao im ca n vi trc tung.
5' HTP1: Cu a
- im M(x,y) thuc
th ca hm s khi no?
+ Gi 1 hs ln bng gii
cu a
+ Hs tr li theo ch nh ca Gv
th (G) i qua im (0;-1) ta phi c:
0
1
1 2
1
+
m
m
43
10'
5'
HTP2: Cu b
- Vi m=0, hm s c
dng nh th no?
+ Yu cu hs tin hnh
kho st, v th ca
hm s v ch nh 1 hs
ln bng gii
+ Gv nhn xt, chnh sa
HTP3: Cuc
- Phng trnh tip tuyn
ca mt ng cong ti
im
( )
0 0
; y x
c phng
trnh nh th no?
- Trc tung l ng
thng c phng trnh?
- Xc nh giao im ca
th (G) vi trc tung?
- Gi mt hs ln bng
vit phng trnh tip
tuyn
+
1
1
x
x
y
* TX
* S bin thin
+ o hm y'
+ Tim cn
+ BBT
* th.
4
2
-2
-4
-6
-5 5
y
1
1
O
+
( )
0 0
x x k y y
vi k l h s gc ca
tip tuyn ti
0
x
.
+ x=0
+ Giao im ca (G) vi trc tung l M(0;-1)

k=y'(0)=-2
+ Vy phng trnh tip tuyn ti M l
y+1=-2x hay y=-2x-1
Ghi li gii ng
ging nh hc
sinh
4. Cng c:
5. Bi tp v nh: Bi 11/46 Sgk
44
Ngy thng nm
LU THA (Tit 22,23,24)
I.Mc tiu :
1/V kin thc:+ Nm c cc khi nim lu tha vi s m nguyn, lu tha vi s m hu t
v lu tha ca mt s thc dng .
+Nm c cc tnh cht ca lu tha vi s m nguyn, lu tha vi s m hu t v
lu tha vi s m thc .
2/V k nng : + Bit dng cc tnh cht ca lu tha rt gn biu thc, so snh cc biu thc c
cha lu tha .
3/V t duy v thi :+T khi nim lu tha vi s nguyn dng xy dng khi nim lu tha
vi s m thc.
+Rn luyn t duy logic, kh nng m rng , khi qut ho
.II .Chun b ca gio vin v hc sinh :
+Gio vin : Gio n , bng ph , phiu hc tp .
+Hc sinh :SGK v kin thc v lu tha hc cp 2 .
III.Phng php :
+Phi hp nhiu phng php nhm pht huy tnh tch cc ca hc sinh
+Phng php ch o : Gi m nu vn .
IV.Tin trnh bi hc :
1. n nh lp :
2. Kim tra bi c :
) 7 (
Cu hi 1 : Tnh ( )
2008
3
5
1 ;
2
1
; 0
,
_
Cu hi 2 : Nhc li nh ngha lu tha bc n ca a (n

N )
3.Bi mi :
Hot ng 1 : Hnh thnh khi nim lu tha .
HTP 1 : Tip cn nh ngha lu tha vi s m nguyn .
45

Tit2:
HTP 2 :Da vo th bin lun s nghim ca pt x
n
= b
Tg Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh Ni dung ghi bng
0 1 -Treo bng ph : th
ca hm s y = x
3
v th
ca hm s y = x
4
v
ng thng y = b
CH1:Da vo th bin
lun theo b s nghim ca
pt x
3
= b v x
4
= b ?
Da vo th hs tr li

x
3
= b (1)
Vi mi b thuc R th pt
(1) lun c nghim duy
nht
x
4
=b (2)
Nu b<0 th pt (2) v
nghim
Nu b = 0 th pt (2) c
nghim duy nht x = 0
2.Phng trnh b x
n
:
a)Trng hp n l :
Vi mi s thc b, phng trnh c
nghim duy nht.
b)Trng hp n chn :
+Vi b < 0, phng trnh v
nghim
+Vi b = 0, phng trnh c mt
nghim x = 0 ;
+Vi b > 0, phng trnh c 2
nghim i nhau .
Tg Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh Ni dung ghi bng
5
0 1
5
5
7
5
Cu hi 1 :Vi m,n
N
n m
a a . =? (1)
n
m
a
a
=? (2)
0
a =?
Cu hi 2 :Nu m<n th cng
thc (2) cn ng khng ?
V d : Tnh
500
2
2
2
?
-Gio vin dn dt n cng
thc :
n
n
a
a
1
,
_

0 a
N n
-Gio vin khc su iu kin
ca c s ng vi tng
trng hp ca s m
-Tnh cht.
-a ra v d cho hc sinh
lm
- Pht phiu hc tp s 1
tho lun .
-Cng c,dn d.
-Bi tp trc nghim.
-Ht tit 1.
+Tr li.
n m n m
a a a
+
.
n m
n
m
a
a
a

1
0
a
498
2
1
,
498
2
+A = - 2
+Nhn phiu hc tp s 1 v
tr li.
I.Khi nin lu tha :
1.Lu tha vi s m
nguyn :
Cho n l s nguyn dng.

Vi a 0

n
n
a
a
a
1
1
0
Trong biu thc a

m
, ta gi a
l c s, s nguyn m l s
m.
CH :

n
0 , 0
0
khng c ngha.
Lu tha vi s m nguyn
c cc tnh cht tng t ca
lu tha vi s m nguyn
dng .
V d1 : Tnh gi tr ca biu
thc
( )
5 3
5
2 : 8 .
2
1

1
1
]
1
,
_
A
46

a a a
n
a ......... .

n tha s
0 1 -GV nu dng th hm
s y = x
2k+1
v
y = x
2k
CH2:Bin lun theo b s
nghim ca pt x
n
=b
Nu b>0 th pt (2) c 2
nghim phn bit i
nhau .
-HS suy ngh v tr li
HTP3:Hnh thnh khi nim cn bc n
5
0 1
5
5
- Nghim nu c ca pt x
n

= b, vi n 2 c gi l
cn bc n ca b
CH1: C bao nhiu cn
bc l ca b ?
CH2: C bao nhiu cn
bc chn ca b ?
-GV tng hp cc trng
hp. Ch cch k hiu
V d : Tnh
4 3
16 ; 8 ?
CH3: T nh ngha chng
minh :

n n
b a. = .
n
a b
-a ra cc tnh cht cn
bc n .
-V d : Rt gn biu thc
a)
5 5
27 . 9
b)
3
5 5
+Cng c,dn d.
+Bi tp trc nghim.
+Ht tit 2.
HS da vo phn trn tr
li .
HS vn dng nh ngha
chng minh.
Tng t, hc sinh chng
minh cc tnh cht cn li.
Theo di v ghi vo v
HS ln bng gii v d
3.Cn bc n :
a)Khi nim :
Cho s thc b v s nguyn
dng n (n 2). S a c gi l
cn bc n ca b nu a
n
= b.

T nh ngha ta c :
Vi n l v bR:C duy nht
mt cn bc n ca b, k hiu l
n
b
Vi n chn v b<0: Khng tn
ti cn bc n ca b;
Vi n chn v b=0: C mt cn
bc n ca b l s 0;
Vi n chn v b>0: C hai cn
tri du, k hiu gi tr dng l
n
b , cn gi tr m l
n
b .
b)Tnh cht cn bc n :
( )
nk k
n n
n m
m
n
n
n
n
n n n
a a n
a
a
a
a a
b
a
b
a
b a b a
'
,
,
. .
Tit 3:
HTP4: Hnh thnh khi nim lu tha vi s m hu t
5
5
-Vi mi a>0,m
Z,n
2 , n N

n m
a lun xc
nh .T GV hnh thnh
khi nim lu tha vi s
m hu t.
-V d : Tnh
( ) 3
2
4
1
27 ;
16
1

,
_
?
-Pht phiu hc tp s 2
cho hc sinh tho lun
Hc sinh gii v d
4.Lu tha vi s m hu t
Cho s thc a dng v s
hu t
n
m
r , trong
2 , , n N n Z m
Lu tha ca a vi s m r l a
r

xc nh bi
n m
n
m
r
a a a
47
khi n l
khi n chn
0 1 Hc sinh tho lun theo
nhm v trnh by bi gii
HTP5: Hnh thnh khi nim ly tha vi s m v t
5 Cho a>0,
l s v t u
tn ti dy s hu t (r
n
) c
gii hn l
v dy (
n
r
a )
c gii hn khng ph
thuc vo vic chn dy s
(r
n
). T a ra nh
ngha.
Hc sinh theo di v ghi
chp.
5.Lu tha vi s m v t:
SGK

Ch : 1
= 1,

R

Hot ng 2: Tnh cht ca ly tha vi s m thc:
HTP1:
5
5
- Nhc li tnh cht ca ly
tha vi s m nguyn
dng.
- Gio vin a ra tnh cht
ca ly tha vi s m
thc, ging nh tnh cht
ca ly tha vi s m
nguyn dng
-Bi tp trc nghim.
Hc sinh nu li cc tnh
cht.
II. Tnh cht ca lu tha vi s m
thc:
SGK
Nu a > 1 th a a

> kck
>
Nu a < 1th a a

> kck
<
HTP2: Gii cc v d:
4.Cng c: ( 0 1 )
+Khi nim:

nguyn dng ,

a c ngha a.

hoc
= 0 ,

a c ngha 0 a .

s hu t khng nguyn hoc
v t ,

a c ngha 0 > a .
+Cc tnh cht ch iu kin.
+Bi tp v nh:-Lm cc bi tp SGK trang 55,56.
V/Ph lc:

1)Phiu hc tp:
Phiu hc tp1:
Tnh gi tr biu thc:
0 2 3
4 3 1 3
) 25 , 0 ( 10 : 10
5 . 5 2 . 2

A
Phiu hc tp2:
Tnh gi tr biu thc:
2
1
2
1
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
) ).( (
b a
b a b a
B
+
vi a > 0,b > 0, b a
2)Bng ph: Hnh 26, hnh 27 SGK trang 50.
48
BI TP LY THA ( Tit 25 )
I. Mc tiu :
+ V kin thc : Nm c nh ngha ly tha vi s m nguyn , cn bc n ,ly th vi s m hu
t
+ V k nng : Bit cch p dng cc tnh cht ca ly tha vi s m thc gii ton
+ V t duy thi : Rn luyn tnh t gic luyn tp khc su kin thc hc
II. Chun b ca gio vin v hc sinh :
+ Gio vin : Gio n , phiu hc tp , bng ph ( Nu c)
+ Hc sinh :Chun b bi tp
III. Phng php : m thoi Vn p
IV. Tin trnh bi hc :
1/ n nh t chc
2/ Kim tra bi c
3/ Bi mi :
Hot ng 1 :
Thi
gian
Hot ng ca gio
vin
Hot ng ca hc
sinh
Ghi bng
7 pht + Cc em dng my
tnh b ti tnh cc
bi ton sau
+ Kim tra li kt
qu bng php tnh
+Gi hc sinh ln
gii
+Cho hc sinh nhn
xt bi lm ca bn
+ Gio vin nhn
xt , kt lun
+ C lp cng
dng my ,tnh cc
cu bi 1
+ 1 hc sinh ln
bng trnh by li
gii
Bi 1 : Tnh
a/
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
2 3
5 5 5 5
4 6
2
5 5
9 .27 3 . 3
3 3 9
+

b/
0,75 3/ 2 5/ 2
5/ 2
3/ 2 5/ 2
1 1 1
0, 25
16 4 4
4 4 8 32 40

_ _ _
+ +

, , ,
+ +
c/
( ) ( )
3/ 2 2/3
1,5 2/3
3 2
1 1
0, 04 0,125
25 8
5 2 121

_ _

, ,

Hot ng 2 :
Thi gian Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc
sinh
Ghi bng
20 pht + Nhc li nh ngha
ly tha vi s m hu
t
+Vn dng gii bi 2
+ Nhn xt

+ Nu phng php tnh
+ S dng tnh cht g ?
+ Vit mi hng t v
dng ly tha vi s m
hu t
+ Tng t i vi cu
, ,
2:
m
r n m
n
m
r m Z n N
n
n a a a

+ Hc sinh ln bng
gii
+ Nhn phn phi
+ T/c : a
m
. a
n
= a
m+n
+
4
5 4
5
b b

1
5 1
5
b b
Bi 2 : Tnh
a/
1/3 5/6
. a a a
b/
1/ 2 1/3 1/ 2 1/3 1/6 6
. . b b b b b
+ +

c/
4/3 4/3 1/3 3
: a a a a

d/
1/6 1/3 1/6 1/6 3
: b b b b

Bi 3 :
a/
( )
( )
4/3 1/3 2/3
2
1/ 4 3/ 4 1/ 4
1
a a a
a a
a
a a a a
+
+

+ +
49
c/,d/
b/
( )
( )
( )
( )
1/5 5 4 5 1
1/5 4/5 1/5
2/3 1/3 2/3
2/3 3 2 3
1
1; 1
1
b b b
b b b
b b b
b b b
b
b
b
c/
( )
( )
1/3 1/3 2/3 2/3
1/3 1/3 1/3 1/3
2/3 2/3
3 2 3 2
3
.
. .
1
a b a b
a b a b
a b
a b
a b
ab

d/
( )
1/3 1/3 1/6 1/6
1/3 1/3
3
1/6 1/6
6 6
. a b b a
a b b a
ab
a b a b
+
+

+ +
Hot ng 3 :
Thi
gian
Hot ng ca gio
vin
Hot ng ca hc
sinh
Ghi bng
10 pht + Gi hs gii ming
ti ch
+ Hc sinh tr li
Bi 4: a) 2
-1
, 1
3,75
,
3
1
2
_

,
b) 98
0
, 32
1/5
,
1
3
7
_

,
+ Nhc li tnh cht
a > 1
?
x y
a a >

0 < a < 1
?
x y
a a >
+ Gi hai hc sinh
ln bng trnh by li
gii

x > y

x < y
Bi 5: CMR
a)
2 5 3 2
1 1
3 3
_ _
<

, ,

2 5 20
20 18
3 2 18

>
)
2 5 3 2 >

2 5 3 2
1 1
3 3
_ _
<

, ,
b)
6 3 3 6
7 7 >

6 3 108
108 54
3 6 54

>
)
6 3 3 6 >
6 3 3 6
7 7 >
4) Cng c ton bi :
5) Hng dn hc bi nh v ra bi tp v nh :
a. Tnh gi tr ca biu thc sau: A = (a + 1)
-1
+ (b + 1)
-1
khi a =
( )
1
2 3

+ v b =
( )
1
2 3

b. Rt gn :
n n n n
n n n n
a b a b
a b a b

+
+
V. Ph lc :

1. Phiu hc tp:
50
2. Bng ph :
HM S LU THA (Tit 26)
I) Mc tiu
- V kin thc :
Nm c khi nim hm s lu tha , tnh c o hm cu hm s lu tha
va kho st hm s lu tha
-V k nng :
Thnh tho cc bc tm tp xc nh , tnh o hm v cc bc kho st hm
s lu tha
- V t duy , thi :
Bit nhn dng ba tp
Cn thn,chnh xc
II) Chun b
- Gio vin :Gio n , bng ph ,phiu hc tp
- Hc sinh : n tp kin thc,sch gio khoa.
III) Phng php :
Hot ng nhm + vn p + nu v gii quyt vn
IV) Tin trnh bi hc
1) n nh lp :(2)
2) Kim tra bi c
Nhc li cc quy tc tnh o hm
3) Bi mi:
* Hot ng 1: Khi nim 15
Tit 1 :
TG Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca sinh Ni dung ghi bng
Th no l hm s lu tha ,
cho vd minh ho?.
- Gio vin cho hc sinh
cch tm tx ca hm s lu
tha cho vd ; bt k .
-Kim tra , chnh sa
Tr li.
- Pht hin tri thc
mi
- Ghi bi
I)Khi nim :
Hm s y x ,
R ; c gi
l hm s lu tha
Vd :
1
2 3 3.
3
y x , y x , y x , y x

* Ch
Tp xc nh ca hm s lu tha
2
y x tu thuc vo gi tr ca
nguyn dng ; D=R

+
{ }
: nguyen am=> D = R\ 0

= 0
+ khng nguyn; D = (0;+
)

VD2 : Tm TX ca cc hm s
51
Gii vd
VD1
* Hot ng 2: o hm ca HS lu tha (17)
Nhc lai quy tc tnh o
hm ca hm s
( )
n n
y x , y u , n N, n 1 , y x
- Dn dt a ra cng thc
tng t
- Khc su cho hm s cng
thc tnh o hm ca hm
s hp ( )
y u
- Cho vd khc su kin thc

cho hm s
- Theo di , chnh sa
Tr li kin thc c
- ghi bi
- ghi bi
- ch
- lm vd
II) o hm cu hm s lu tha
( )
R; x 0 >
Vd3:
4 4 1
( 1)
3 3 3
4 4
(x )' x x
3 3

( )
( )
'
5
x 5x, x 0 >
*Ch :
VD4:
( )
'
3
2
4
3x 5x 1
1
+
1
]
( ) ( )
1
'
2 2
4
3
3x 5x 1 3x 5x 1
4
+ +
( ) ( )
1
2
4
3
3x 5x 1 6x 5
4
+
* Hot ng 3: Cng c dn d
a ra phiu hc tp cho hc sinh tho lun nhm
*Phi hc tp 1
*Tit 2 : Kho st hm s lu tha
15 - Gio vin ni s qua khi
nim tp kho st
- Hy nu li cc bc kho
st s bin thin v v th
hm s bt k
- Chnh sa
- Chia lp thnh 2 nhm gi
i din ln kho st hm
s : y x
ng vi<0,x>0
- Sau gio vin chnh
sa , tm gn vo ni dung
bng ph.
- H: em c nhn xt g v
th ca hm s y x
- Gii thiu th ca mt
s thng gp :
- Ch
- Tr li cc kin thc
c
- i din 2 nhm ln
bng kho st theo
trnh t cc bc
bit
- ghi bi
- chim lnh tr thc
mi
- TLi : (lun lun i
qua im (1;1)
-Ch
III) Kho st hm s lu tha
y x
( ni dung bng ph )
* Ch : khi kho st hm s lu
tha vi s m c th , ta phi xt
hm s trn ton b TX ca
n
52
1
(x )' x

( )
'
-1 '
u u u

3
2
1
y x , y , y x
x

-Hot ng HS Vd3 SGK,
sau cho VD yu cu hc
sinh kho st
-Hc sinh ln bng gii
- Hy nu cc tnh cht ca
hm s lu tha trn( )
0; +
- Da vo ni dung bng ph
-Nm li cc ba lm
kho st
-Theo di cho kin
nhn xt
-Nu tnh cht
- Nhn xt
Vd : Kho st s bin thin v v
thi hm s
2
3
y x
- ( )
D 0; +
- S bin thin
5
'
3
5
3
2 2
y x
3
3x
Hm s lun nghch bin trnD

TC :
x 0
lim y=+
+
;
x
lim y=0
+
th c tim cn ngang l
trc honh,tim cn ng l
trc tung
BBT : x -

'
y -
y +

0
th:
- Bng ph , tm tt
4) Cng c
- Nhc li cc bc kho st s bin thin v v th hm s y x
v cc hm s ca n .
-Kim tra li s tip thu kin thc qua bi hc .
- Kho st s bin thin v th hm s
5
3
y x
5> Dn d : - Hc l thuyt
- Lm cc bi tp
1 5/ 60, 61
V) Ph lc
- Bng ph 1:
y = x
, > 0 y = x
, < 0
1. Tp kho st: (0 ; + ).
2. S bin thin:
y' = x
-1
> 0 , x > 0
Gii hn c bit:
x x 0
lim x 0 , lim x
+

+
+
Tim cn: Khng c
1. Tp kho st: ( 0 ; + )
2. S bin thin:
y' = x
-1
< 0 x > 0
Gii hn c bit:
x x 0
lim x , lim x 0
+

+
+
Tim cn:
Trc Ox l tim cn ngang
53
3. Bng bin thin:
x 0 +
y +
y +
0
Trc Oy l tim cn ng ca th.
3. Bng bin thin:
x 0 +
y -
y +
0

4. th (H.28 vi > 0) 4. th (H.28 vi < 0)
- Bng ph 2:
* th (H.30)
Bng tm tt cc tnh cht ca hm s lu tha y = x
trn khong (0 ; +)
> 0 < 0
o hm
y' = x
-1
y' = x
-1
Chiu bin thin Hm s lun ng bin Hm s lun nghch bin
Tim cn Khng c Tim cn ngang l trc Ox,
tim cn ng l trc Oy
th th lun i qua im (1 ; 1)
Phiu hc tp
1) Tm tp xc nh ca cc hm s sau :
a)
3
2
2
y (1 x )
b)
2 3
y (x 2x 3)
+
2) Tnh o hm cua hm s sau :

a)
1
3 2
2
y (x x x)
+
b)
2
y (2 x)
54
BI TP HM S LU THA (Tit 27)
I. MC TIU
1/V kin thc:
- Cng c khc su :
+Tp xc nh ca hm s lu tha
+Tnh c o hm ca hm s lu tha
+Cc bc kho st hm s lu tha
2/ V k nng :
- Thnh tho cc dng ton :
+Tm tp xc nh
+Tnh o hm
+Kho st v v th ca hm s lu tha
3/V t duy ,thi
- Cn thn ,chnh xc
II. CHUN B
-Gio vin: gio n
-Hc sinh : lm cc bi tp
III. PHNG PHP
*Hi p: nu v gii quyt vn
IV. TIN TRNH BI HC
1/ n nh lp (2 )
2/ Kim tra bi c ( 8 )
Hy nu khi nim hm s lu tha ? Cho bit tp xc nh ca hm s lu tha ?
p dng : Tm tp xc nh ca hm s y = ( x
2
- 4 )
-2
3/ Bi mi : BI TP HM S LU THA
H1:Tm tp xc nh ca hm s lu tha (1/60 SGK )
TG H Gio vin H ca hc sinh Ghi bng
8 - Lu hc sinh cch tm
tp xc nh ca hm s
lu tha y=x
+ nguyn dng :
D=R

: nguyen am
= 0
D=R\ { } 0
+ khng nguyn : D=
( ) 0 ; +
,
- Gi ln lt 4 hc sinh
ng ti ch tr li
- Nhn nh ng
cc trng hp ca
-Tr li
-Lp theo di b sung
1/
60
Tm tp xc nh ca cc hm s:
a) y=
1
3
(1 ) x

TX : D= ( ) ;1
b) y=
( )
3
2
5
2 x
TX :D=( )
2; 2
c) y=
( )
2
2
1 x

TX: D=R\{ } 1; 1
d) y=
( )
2
2
2 x x
TX : D= ( ) ( ) ;-1 2 ; +
*H2 : Tnh o hm ca cc hm s ( 2/6 sgk )
55
TG H Gio vin H ca hs Ghi bng
7 - Hy nhc li cng thc
(u
)
- Gi 2 hc sinh ln bng
lm cu a ,c
-Nhn xt , sa sai kp thi
- Tr li kin thc c
H1, H2 :gii
2/61 Tnh o hm ca cc hm s sau
a) y=
( )
1
2
3
2 1 x x +
y=
( ) ( )
2
2
3
1
4 1 2 1
3
x x x

+
b)y=
( )
2
3 1 x

+
y= ( )
1
2
3
3 1
2
x

+
*H3 ;kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s (3/61sgk)
15 - Nu cc bc kho st s
bin thin v v th ca
hm s ?
- Gi 2 hc sinh lm bi
tp (3/61)
GVin nhn xt b sung
-Hc sinh tr li
H3,H4 gii
- Lp theo di b sung
HS theo di nhn xt
3/61 Kho st s bin thin v v th
hm s:
a) y=
4
3
x
. TX :D=(0; +
)
. S bin thin :
. y=
1
3
4
3
x >0 trn khong (0; +
) nn
h/s ng bin
. Gii hn :
0
lim 0 ; lim y= +
x x
y
+

. BBT
x 0 +
y +
y +
0
th :
b) y = x
-3
* TX :D=R\ { 0}
*S bin thin :
- y =
4
3
x

- y<0 trn TX nn h/s nghch bin trn
tng khong xc nh (-
;0), (0 ; +
)
*Gii hn :
0
lim 0 ; lim 0 ;
lim ; lim
x x
x x
y y
y y
+
+

+
th c tim cn ngang l trc honh
, tim cn ng l trc tung
BBT x -
0 +
y' - -
y 0 +
0
th :
56
Hm s cho l hm s l nn th i
xng qua gc to
4/ Cng c : 5
- Pht phiu hc tp kim tra li mc hiu bi ca h/s.
5/ Dn d :
. Hc bi
. Lm cc bi tp cn li Sgk
V. PHC LC
. Phiu hc tp
. Kho st s bin thin v v th hm s :
1/ y=x
-4
2./ y=
2
x
S tit : 3
LGARIT (Tit 28, 29)
I) Mc tiu:
1) V kin thc :
- Bit khi nim lgarit c s a (a > 0, a
1) ca mt s dng
- Bit cc tnh cht ca logarit (so snh hai lgarit cng c s, qui tc tnh lgarit, i c
s lgarit)
- Bit cc khi nim lgarit thp phn, s e v lgarit t nhin
2) V k nng:
- Bit vn dng nh ngha tnh mt s biu thc cha lgarit n gin
- Bit vn dng cc tnh cht ca lgarit vo cc bi tp bin i, tnh ton cc biu thc
cha lgarit
3) V t duy v thi :
- Tch cc tham gia vo bi hc c tinh thn hp tc
- Bit qui l v quen. Rn luyn t duy lgic
II) Chun b ca GV v HS
GV: Gio n, phiu hc tp
HS: SGK, gii cc bi tp v nh v c qua ni dung bi mi nh
III) Phng php : Gi m, vn p, hot ng nhm
IV) Tin trnnh bi hc:
1) n nh: (1)
2) Kim tra bi c : (4)
Cuhi1: Pht biu khi nim hm s ly tha
Cuhi2: Pht biu v vit li biu thc biu din nh l v cch tnh o hm ca hm
s ly tha, hm s cha cn thc bc n
57
3) Bi mi:
Tit 1:
Hat ng 1: Khi nim v lgarit
1) nh ngha
TG Hot ng ca GV Hot ng ca HS Ghi Bng
10 GV nh hng HS nghin
cu nh ngha lgarit bng
vic a ra bi ton c th
Tm x bit :
a) 2
x
= 8
b) 2
x
= 3
Dn dt HS n nh ngha
SGK, GV lu HS: Trong
biu thc
a
log b
c s a v
biu thc ly logarit b phi
tha mn :
HS tin hnh nghin cu ni
dung SGK
- HS tr li
a) x = 3
b) x = ? ch GV hng dn
HS tip thu ghi nh
I) Khi nim lgarit:
1) nh ngha:
Cho 2 s dng a, b vi
a
1. S
tha mn ng
thc a = b
c gi l
lgarit c s a ca b v k
hiu l
a
log b
a
= log b a b

58
5
10
5
5
5
a 0, a 1
b 0
>
'
>
Tnh cc biu thc:

a
log 1
= ?,
a
log a
= ?
a
log b
a = ?,
a
log a
= ?
(a > 0, b > 0, a
1)
GV pht phiu hc tp s 1
v hng dn HS tnh gi tr
biu thc phiu ny
- a
5
8 v ly tha c s
2 ri p dng cng thc
a
log a
tnh A
p dng cng thc v php
tnh ly tha c s 2 v 81
ri p dng cng thc
a
log b
a
= b tnh B
Sau khi HS trnh by nhn
xt, GV cht li kt qu cui
cng
Cho s thc b, gi tr thu
c khi nng n ln ly
tha c s a ri ly lgarit c
s a?
Cho s thc b dng gi tr
thu c khi ly lgarit c s
a ri nng n ln ly tha c
s a ?
Yu cu HS xem vd2 sgk
v hng dn HS gii bi tp
trong phiu hc tp s 2
- So snh
1
2
2
log
3
v 1
- So snh
3
log 4
v 1. T
so snh
1
2
2
log
3
v
3
log 4
- HS tin hnh gii di s
hng dn ca GV
- Hai HS trnh by
- HS khc nhn xt
HS rt ra kt lun. Php ly
lgarit l php ngc ca php
nng ln ly tha
HS thc hin yu cu ca GV
HS tin hnh gii di s hng
dn ca GV
1 HS trnh by
HS khc nhn xt
2. Tnh cht:
Vi a > 0, b > 0, a
1
Ta c tnh cht sau:
a
log 1
= 0,
a
log a
= 1

a
log b
a = b,
a
log a
*) p n phiu hc tp s
1
A =
5
2
log 8 =
1
5
2
log 8
=
1
3
5
2
log (2 )
=
3
5
2
log 2
=
3
5
B =
3 81
2log 4 + 4log 2
9
=
3 81
2log 4 4log 2
9 .9
=
3 81
2log 4 2log 2 2 2
(3 ) .(9 )
=
3 81
4log 4 2log 2
3 .81
=
( ) ( )
3 81
4 2
log 4 log 2
3 . 81
=
4 2
4 .2 = 1024
Ch
b
b
a
b
*) p n phiu hc tp s
2
V
1
1
2
< v
2 1
3 2
> nn
1 1
2 2
2 1
log log = 1
3 2
<
V 3 > 1 v 4 > 3 nn
3 3
log 4 > log 3 = 1
1 3
2
2
log < log 4
3
Tit 2:
Hat ng 2: Qui tc tnh lgarit
1) Lgarit ca 1 tch
59
Ly lgarit c s a
Nng ln ly tha c s a
a
log b
Nng ln ly tha c s a
Ly lgarit c s a
10 GV nu ni dung ca nh l
1 v yu cu HS chng minh
nh l 1
GV nh hng HS chng
minh cc biu thc biu din
cc qui tc tnh logarit ca 1
tch.
Yu cu HS xem vd3 SGK
trang63.
Ch : nh l m rng
HS thc hin di s hng dn
ca GV :
t
a 1
log b
= m,
a 2
log b
= n
Khi
a 1
log b
+
a 2
log b
= m + n v
a 1 2
log (b b )
=
m n
a
log (a a ) =
=
m n
a
log a
+
= m + n
a 1 2 a 1 a 2
log (b b ) = log b + log b
II. Qui tc tnh lgarit
1. Lgarit ca mt tch
nh l 1: Cho 3 s
dng a, b
1
, b
2
vi a
1, ta
c :
a 1 2
log (b b )
=
a 1
log b

+
a 2
log b
Ch : (SGK)
2) Lgarit ca mt thng:
10 GV nu ni dung nh l 2
v yu cu HS chng minh
tng t nh l 1
Yu cu HS xem vd 4 SGK
trang 64
HS tip thu nh l 2 v thc
hin di s hng dn ca GV
HS thc hin theo yu cu ca
GV
2. Lgarit ca mt thng
nh l2: Cho 3 s
dng a, b
1
, b
2
vi a
1, ta
c :
1
a
2
b
log
b
=
a 1
log b
-
a 2
log b
3) Lgarit ca mt ly tha:
10 -GV nu ni dung nh l3
v yu cu HS chng minh
nh l 3
- HS tip thu nh l v thc hin
yu cu ca GV
3. Lgarit ca mt ly
tha
nh l 3:
Cho 2 s dng a, b vi
a
1. Vi mi s
, ta c
a a
log b = log b

60
5
10
Yu cu HS xem vd5 SGK
trang 65
v hng dn HS lm bi tp
phiu hc tp s 3
p dng cng thc:
a 1 2
log (b b )
=
a 1
log b
+
a 2
log b
tm A . p dng cng
thc
a
log a
v

a 1 2
log (b b )
=
a 1
log b
+
a 2
log b
tm B
HS thc hin theo yu cu ca
GV
-2 HS lm 2 biu A, B trn bng
- HS khc nhn xt
c bit:

n
a a
1
log b = log b
n
*) p n phiu hc tp s
3
A =
10 10
log 8 + log 125
=
10
10
log (8.125)
=
3
10
log 10 = 3
B =
7 7
1
log 14 - log 56
3
=
3
7 7
log 14 - log 56
=
3
7 7
3
14
log = log 49
56
=
7
2 2
log 7 =
3 3
Tit 3:
Hat ng 3: i c s ca lgarit
10
10
GV nu ni dung ca nh l
4 v hng dn HS chng
minh
GV pht phiu hc tp s 4 v
hng dn HS gii bi tp
phiu hc tp s 4
p dng cng thc
a
a
1
log b = log b
chuyn lgarit c s 4 v
lgarit c s 2 . p dng cng
thc
HS tip thu, ghi nh
HS tin hnh lm phiu
hc tp s 4 di s
hng dn ca GV
i din 1 HS trnh by
trn bng
HS khc nhn xt
III. i c s
nh l 4: Cho 3 s dng a, b,
c vi
a 1, c 1
ta c
c
a
c
log b
log b =
log a
c bit:
a
b
1
log b =
log a
(b 1 )
a
a
1
log b = log b( 0)
*) p n phiu hc tp s 4
4
log 1250 1250
2
2
=log
=
2 2
1
log 1250 (log 125 10)
2
2
1
= +log
2
=
2
1
(3log 5 2 5)
2
2 2
+log +log
=
1
(1 5)
2
2
+4log =
4a +1
2
61
10'
a 1 2
log (b b )
=
a 1
log b
+
a 2
log b
tnh
2
log 1250
theo
2
log 5
p dng : GV hng dn HS
nghin cu cc vd 6,7,8,9
SGK trang 66-67
- HS thc hin theo yu
cu ca GV
Hot ng 4: Lgarit thp phn Lgarit t nhin
5'
5'
GV nu nh ngha lgarit
thp phn v lgarit t nhin
c s ca lgarit thp phn v
lgarit t nhin ln hn hay
b hn 1 ?
N c nhng tnh cht no ?
GV pht phiu hc tp s 5 v
hng dn HS lm bi tp
phiu hc tp s 5
Vit 2 di dng lgarit thp
phn ca mt s ri p dng
cng thc
1
a
2
b
log
b
=
a 1
log b
-
a 2
log b

tnh A
Vit 1 di dng lgarit thp
phn ca 1 s ri p dng
cng thc
a 1 2
log (b b )
=
a 1
log b
+
a 2
log b
v
1
a
2
b
log
b
=
a 1
log b
-
a 2
log b
tnh B
So snh
HS tip thu , ghi nh
Lgarit thp phn l
lgarit c s 10 tc n c
c s ln hn 1
Lgarit t nhin l lgarit
c s e tc n c c s ln
hn 1
V vy logarit thp phn
v lgarit t nhin c y
tnh cht ca lgarit vi
c s ln hn 1
HS thc hin theo yu cu
ca GV
i din 1 HS trnh by
trn bng
HS khc nhn xt
IV. Lgarit thp phn- Lgarit
t nhin
1. Lgarit thp phn: l lgarit
c s 10
10
log b
c vit
l logb hoc lgb
2. Lgarit t nhin : l lgarit
c s e
e
log b
c vit l
lnb
*) p n phiu hc tp s 5
A = 2 lg3 = 2lg10 lg3
= lg10
2
lg3 = lg100 lg3
= lg
100
3
B = 1 + lg8 - lg2 =
lg10 + lg8 - lg2 = lg
10.8
2
= lg40
V 40 >
100
3
nn B > A
4) Cng c ton bi (5')
- GV tm tt li cc vn trng tm ca bi hc :
1. nh ngha, cc cng thc biu din tnh cht ca lgarit v cc h qu suy ra t cc
tnh cht
2. Cc biu thc biu din qui tc tnh lgarit( lgarit ca mt tch, lgarit ca mt
thng v lgarit ca mt ly tha)
3. Cc biu thc i c s ca lgarit. nh ngha lgarit thp phn v lgarit t nhin
4. Hng dn hc bi v lm bi tp nh SGK trang 68
V. Ph lc:
* Phiu hc tp s 1 :
Tnh gi tr cc biu thc
62
a) A =
5
2
log 8 b) B =
3
2log 4 2
9
81
+4log
* Phiu hc tp s 2
So snh
1
2
2
log
3
v
3
log 4
* Phiu hc tp s 3
Tnh gi tr biu thc
A =
10
log 8
+
10
log 125
B =
7
log 14
+
7
1
log 56
3
* Phiu hc tp s 4
Cho a =
2
log 5
. Tnh
4
log 1250
theo a ?
* Phiu hc tp s 5
Hy so snh hai s A v B bit
A = 2 - lg3 v B = 1 + log8 log2
BI TP LGARIT (Tit 30)
I) Mc tiu:
1) V kin thc :
- Gip HS h thng li kin thc hc v lgarit trn c s p dng vo gii cc bi
tpc th
- Rn luyn k nng vn dng l thuyt vo vic gii bi tp cho HS
2) V k nng:
- p dng c cc cng thc vo tng dng bi tp c th
- Rn luyn k nng trao i tho lun thng qua phiu hc tp
3) V t duy v thi :
- Rn luyn kh nng t duy sng to cho HS thng qua cc bi tp t n gin n phc
tp
- Kh nng t duy hp l v kh nng phn tch tng hp khi bin i cc bi tp phc tp
- Trao i tho lun nhm nghim tc
- Khi gii bi tp cn tnh cn thn chnh xc
II) Chun b ca GV v HS
GV: Gio n, phiu hc tp
HS: Hc bi c v lm bi tp SGK
III) Phng php :
- Gi m, vn p
- Trao i tho lun thng qua phiu hc tp
- Phng php phn tch tng hp thng qua cc bi tp phc tp
IV) Tin trnnh bi hc:
1) n nh: (1)
2) Kim tra bi c : (4)
Tnh gi tr biu thc: A = 1 25
3
1
log 5.log
27
; B =
8 16
3log 3 + 2log 5
4
3) Bi mi:
Hat ng 1: Gip hc sinh nm li cng thc v Lgarit
63
GV yu cu HS nhc li cc
cng thc lgarit
HS tnh gi tr A, B
HS
-
a
log b
a = b
-
a 1 2 a 1 a 2
log (b b ) = log b + log b
-
1
a a 1 a 2
2
b
log = log b - log b
b
-
a a
log b = log b
-
c
a
c
log b
log b =
log a
A = 1 25
3
1
log 5.log
27
=
-1 2
-3
3 5
3
log 5.log 3 =
2
B =
8 16
3log 3 + 2log 5
4
=
3 4
2 2
2.3log 3 2.2log 5
2 .2 = 45
Hot ng 2: Vn dng cng thc rn luyn k nng gii bi tp c bn cho HS
64
GV cho HS nhn dng cng
thc v yu cu HS a ra
cch gii
GV nhn xt v sa cha
GV cho HS lm phiu hc
tp s 1
HS p dng cng thc v trnh
by ln bng
HS trao i tho lun nu kt qu
1) A =
4
3
2) x = 512
3) x =
11
7
Bi1
a)
-3
2 2
1
log = log 2 = -3
8
b)
1
4
-1
log 2 =
2
c)
4
3
1
log 3 =
4
d)
0,5
log 0,125 = 3
Bi 2
a)
2 2
log 3 2log 3
4 = 2 = 9
b)
3
9
3
log 2
log 2
2
27 = 3 2 2
c)
3
log 2
9 = 2
d)
2
8
2
log 27
log 27
3
4 = 2 = 9
Hot ng 3: Rn luyn kh nng t duy ca HS qua cc bi tp nng cao
GV cho HS nhc li tnh
cht ca ly tha vi s m
thc
GV gi HS trnh by cch
gii
- a >1, a > a

>
- a < 1, a > a

<
HS trnh by li gii
a) t
3
log 5
=
,
7
log 4
=
Ta c
1
3 = 5 > 3 > 1

1
7 = 4 < 7 < 1
Vy
3
log 5
>
7
log 4
b)
5
log 30
<
2
log 10
Bi 3(4/68SGK)
So snh
a)
3
log 5
v
7
log 4
b)
2
log 10
v
5
log 30
GV gi HS nhc li cng
thc i c s ca lgarit
GV yu cu HS tnh
3
log 5

theo C t suy ra kt qu
GV cho HS tr li phiu
hc tp s 2 v nhn xt
nh gi
HS
c
a
c
log b
log b =
log a
HS p dng
3 3
25
3 3
log 15 1 + log 5
log 15 = =
log 25 2log 5
HS sinh trnh by li gii ln
bng
Bi4(5b/SGK)
Cho C =
15
log 3
. Tnh
25
log 15
theo C
Tac
3
25
3
1 + log 5
log 15 =
2log 5
M C =
15
log 3
=
3
1
log 15
=
3
1
1 + log 5
3
1
log 5 = - 1
C
Vy
25
log 15
=
1
2(1 - C)
4) Cng c :
- Nhc li cch s dng cng thc tnh gi tr biu thc
- So snh hai lgarit
5) Bi tp v nh :
65
a) Tnh B =
2
1
2
log 8
b) Cho
7
log 25
=
v
2
log 5
=
. Tnh
3
5
49
log
8
theo
-----------------------------------------
PHIU HC TP S 1
1) Tnh A =
3 8
log 4.log 9
2) Tm x bit : a)
3 3 3
log x = 2log 4 + 5log 2
b)
2lg3
10 = 7x - 2
PHIU HC TP S 1
Cho
2
log 5 = a
. t M =
4
log 1250
. Khi
A) M = 1 + 4a B) M =
1
(1 + 4a)
2
C) M = 2(1 + 4a) D) M = 2a
HM S M. HM S LGARIT ( Tit 31, 32, 33)
I. Mc tiu:
+ V kin thc:
- Bit khi nim v tnh cht ca hm m v hm lgarit.
- Bit cng thc tnh o hm cc hm s m v lgarit v hm s hp ca chng.
- Bit dng th ca hm m v hm lgarit.
+ V k nng:
- Bit vn dng tnh cht cc hm m, hm lgarit vo vic so snh hai s, hai biu
thc cha m, hm s lgarit.
- Bit v th cc hm s ly tha, hm s m v hm s lgarit.
- Tnh c o hm cc hm s y = e
x
, y = lnx.
+ V t duy v thi :
- Rn luyn tnh khoa hc, nghim tc.
- Rn luyn tnh t duy, sng to.
- Vn dng c cc kin thc hc vo gii cc bi ton.
+ Gio vin: Gio n, bng ph, cc phng tin dy hc cn thit.
+ Hc sinh: SGK, giy bt, phiu tr li.
III. Phng php: t vn
IV. Tin trnh bi hc:
1. n nh t chc: (1')
2. Kim tra bi c: (5
'
) Gi 1 HS ln bng ghi cc cng thc v lgarit
nh gi v cho im v chnh sa
3. Bi mi:
Hot ng 1: Dn n khi nim hm s
TG Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh Ghi bng
15
'
Vi x = 1, x = .Tnh gi tr
ca 2
x
. Cho hc sinh nhn xt
Vi mi xR c duy nht gi
tr 2
x
Tnh
Nhn xt
I/HM S M:
1)N: sgk
VD: Cc hm s sau l
hm s m:
66
Nu vd3 v cho hc sinh tr
li hot ng 1
Cho hc sinh th nh ngha
v hon chnh nh ngha
Cho hc sinh tr li H2
Nu cng thc S = Ae
ni
A = 80.902.200
n = 7
i = 0,0147 v kt qu
nh ngha
Tr li
+ y = (
x
) 3
+ y =
3
5
x
+ y = 4
-x
Hm s y = x
-4
khng
phi l hm s m
Hot ng 2: Dn n cng thc tnh o hm s hm s m.
24
'
Cho hc sinh nm c
Cng thc: 1
1
lim
0

x
e
x
x
+ Nu nh l 1, cho hc sinh
s dng cng thc trn
chng minh.
+ Nu cch tnh o hm ca
hm hp tnh (e
u
)'
Vi u = u(x).
+ p dng tnh o hm
e
3x
,
1
2
+ x
e
,
x x
e
3
3
+
+ Nu nh l 2
+ Hng dn HS chng minh
nh l 2 v nu o hm hm
hp
Cho HS vn dng nh l 2
tnh o hm cc hm s
y = 2
x
, y =
1
2
8
+ +x x
+ Ghi nh cng thc
1
1
lim
0

x
e
x
x
+ Lp t s
x
y
rt gn v
tnh gii hn.
HS tr li
HS nu cng thc v tnh.
Ghi cng thc
ng dng cng thc v
tnh o hm kim tra li
kt qu theo s chnh sa
gio vin
2. o hm hm s m.
Ta c CT:
1
1
lim
0

x
e
x
x
nh l 1: SGK
Ch :
(e
u
)' = u'.e
u
Hot ng 3: Kho st hm s y = a
x
(a>0;a 1 )
20
'
Cho HS xem sch v lp bng
nh SGK T73
Cho HS ng dng kho st v
v th hm s y = 2
x
GV nhn xt v chnh sa.
Cho HS lp bng tm tt tnh
cht ca hm s m nh SGK.
HS lp bng
HS ln bng trnh by bi
kho st v v th hm
s y = 2
x

Bng kho st SGK/73
y
1
0 x
Hot ng 4: Dn n khi nim hm s lgarit
20
'
Vi x = 1, x = .Tnh gi tr
ca
x
2
log

. Cho hc sinh
nhn xt Vi mi x>0 c duy
nht gi tr y =
x
2
log
Tnh
Nhn xt
I/HM S LGARIT
1)N: sgk
VD1: Cc hm s sau l
hm s lgarit:
67
Nu vd3 v cho hc sinh tr
li hot ng 1
Cho hc sinh th nu nh
ngha v hon chnh nh
ngha
Cho hc sinh tr li H2
Cho v d:Tm tp xc nh
cc hm s
a) y =
) 1 ( log
2
x
b) y =
) ( log
2
2
1
x x
Cho hc sinh gii v chnh
sa
nh ngha
Tr li
Nhn bit c y c
ngha khi: a) x - 1 > 0
b) x
2
- x > 0
v gii c
+ y =
x
2
1
log
+ y =
) 1 ( log
2
x
+ y =
x
3
log
VD2:Tm tp xc nh
cc hm s
a) y =
) 1 ( log
2
x
b) y =
) ( log
2
2
1
x x
Hot ng 5: Dn n cng thc tnh o hm s hm s lgarit.
15
'
+ Nu nh l 3, v cc cng
thc (sgk)
+ Nu cch tnh o hm ca
hm hp ca hm lgarit
+ Nu v d: Tnh o hm
cc hm s:
a- y =
) 1 2 ( log
2
x

b- y = ln (
2
1 x x + + )
Cho 2 HS ln bng tnh
GV nhn xt v chnh sa
+ Ghi nh l v cc cng
thc
HS trnh by o hm hm
s trong v d.
nh l 3: (SGK)
+ c bit
+ Ch :
Hot ng 6: Kho st hm s Lgarit y =
x
a
log
(a>0,a 1 )
22
'
Cho HS lp bng kho st nh
SGK T75
+ Lp bng tm tt tnh cht
hm s lgarit
+ Trn cng h trc ta cho
HS v th cc hm s :
a- y =
x
2
log

y = 2
x
b- y =
x
2
1
log
y =
x
,
_
2
1
GV chnh sa v v thm
ng thng y = x
V cho HS nhn xt
GV dng bng ph hoc bng
o hm cc hm s ly tha,
m, lgarit trong SGK cho
hc sinh ghi vo v.

Lp bng
Lp bng
HS1: ln bng v cc
th hm s cu a
HS2: ln bng v cc
th hm s cu b
Nhn xt
Lp bng tm tt
+ Bng kho st SGK
T75,76
+Bng tnh cht hm s
lgarit SGK T76
Ch SGK
Bng tm tt SGK
68
4. Cng c ton bi: (5')
- GV nhc li nhng kin thc c bn ca hm s m v lgarit
- GV nhn mnh tnh ng bin nghch bin ca hm s m v lgarit ty thuc
vo c s.
- Nhc li cc cng thc tnh o hm ca hm s ly tha, m, lgarit.
5. Hng dn hc bi nh v ra bi tp nh:(3
'
)
- Lm cc bi tp 1,2,3,4,5 trang 77,78 (SGK)
V. Ph lc
S tit: BI TP HM S M. HM S LGARIT (Tit 34)
I. Mc tiu:
+ V kin thc:
- Bit khi nim v tnh cht ca hm s m v hm lgarit.
- Bit cng thc tnh o hm ca hm s m v lgarit.
- Bit dng ca hm s m v lgarit.
+ V k nng:
- Bit vn dng tnh cht cc hm m, hm lgarit vo vic so snh hai s, hai
biu thc cha m, hm s lgarit.
- Bit v th cc hm s ly tha, hm s m v hm s lgarit.
- Tnh c o hm cc hm s m v lgarit
+ V thi :
- Cn thn , chnh xc.
- Bit qui l v quen
+ Gio vin: Gio n , bng ph
+ Hc sinh: SGK, chun b bi tp, dng c hc tp.
III. Phng php: Gi m, gii quyt vn , tho lun nhm.
IV. Tin trnh bi hc:
1. n nh t chc: (2')
2. Kim tra bi c: (10')
69
CH1: Trnh by cc bc kho st v v th hm s : y = a
x
(a>1)
Gi HS1 Tr li . GV: nh gi v cho im
CH2: Tnh o hm cc hm s sau:
a- y =
3
5
x
b- y =
1 2 + x
e c- y =
) 1 2 ( log
2
1
+ x
Cho HS c lp gii, gi 3 em cho kt qu tng bi.
3. Bi mi:
Hot ng 1: Vn dng kin thc kho st v v th hm s m:
(2')
(5')
(2')
(1')
Ghi BT1/77
Cho HS nhn xt c s a ca
2 hm s m cn v ca bi
tp 1
Gi 1 HS ln bng v 1 bi
a, cn bi b v nh lm.
Cho 1 HS di lp nhn
xt sau khi v xong th
nh gi v cho im
Nhn xt
a- a=4>1: Hm s ng
bin.
b- a= <1 : Hm s
nghch bin
Ln bng trnh by th
Nhn xt
BT 1/77: V th hs
a- y = 4
x

b- y =
x
)
4
1
(
Gii
a- y = 4
x
+ TX R
+ SBT
y' = 4
x
ln4>0, x
x
lim
4
x
=0,
+ x
lim
4
x
=+
+ Tim cn : Trc ox
l TCN
+ BBT:
x - 0 1 +
y' + + +
y 1 4 +
0
+ th:
Y
4
1

x
0 1

70
Hot ng 2:Vn dng cng thc tnh o hm ca hm s m v hm s lgarit.
Tg Hot ng ca gio
vin
Hot ng ca hc
sinh
Ghi bng
(2')
(8')
(2')
(1')
Cho 1 HS nhc li cc
cng thc tnh o
hm ca hm s m v
hm s lgarit cso lin
quan n bi tp.
Gi 2 HS ln bng gii
2 bi tp 2a/77 v
5b/78 (SGK)
Chn 1 HS nhn xt
GV nh gi v cho
im
Ghi cng thc
(e
x
)' = e
x
; (e
u
)' = u'.e
u
a x
x
a
ln
1
log
a u
u
u
a
ln
'
log
2 HS ln bng gii
HS nhn xt
BT 2a/77: Tnh o hm ca
hm s sau:
y = 2x.e
x
+3sin2x

BT 5b/78: Tnh o hm
y = log(x
2
+x+1)
Gii:
2a) y = 2x.e
x
+3sin2x
y' = (2x.e
x
)' + (3sin2x)'
= 2(x.e
x
)' + 3(2x)'.cox2x
= 2(e
x
+x.e
x
)+6cos2x)
= 2(e
x
+xe
x
+3cos2x)
5b) y = log(x
2
+x+1)
y' =
10 ln ) 1 (
1 2
10 ln ) 1 (
)' 1 (
2 2
2
+ +
+
+ +
+ +
x x
x
x x
x x
Hot ng 3: Vn dng tnh cht ca hm s m v hm s lgarit tm TX ca hm s .
(3')
(2')
Nu BT3/77
Gi 1 HS ln bng gii
Cho 1 HS di lp nhn xt
GV kt lun cho im
HS ln bng trnh by
HS nhn xt
BT 3/77: Tm TX ca
hs:
y =
) 3 4 ( log
2
5
1
+ x x
Gii:
Hm s c ngha khi x
2
-
4x+3>0
x<1 v x>3
Vy D = R \[ 1;3]
71
4. Cng c ton bi: (2')
- GV nhc li nhng kin thc c bn ca hm s m v lgarit
- GV nhn mnh tnh ng bin nghch bin ca hm s m v lgarit
5. Hng dn hc bi nh v ra bi tp nh:
- Lm cc bi tp cn li trang 77,78 (SGK) v cc bi tp sau: (HS xem trn bng ph)
BT1: Tm TX ca hm s
a- y =
) 4 ( log
2
2 , 0
x
b- y =
) 6 5 ( log
2
3
+ + x x
BT2: S dng tnh ng bin nghch bin ca hm s m v hm lgarit hy so snh cc s sau
vi 1:
a-
2
5
1
,
_
b- y =
4
3
log
3
4
V. Ph lc
Tit chng trnh: 35, 36
5 PHNG TRNH M V PHNG TRNH LOGARIT
I. Mc tiu:
+ V kin thc:
Bit cc dng phng trnh m v phng trnh logarit co bn.
Bit phng php gii mt s phng trnh m v phng trnh logarit n gin.
+ V k nng:
Bit vn dng cc tnh cht ca hm s m, hm s logarit vo gii cc phng trnh
m v logarit c bn.
Bit cch vn dng phng php t n ph, phng php v th v cc phng
php khc vo gii phng trnh m, phng trnh logarrit n gin.
+ V t duy v thi :
Hiu c cch bin i a v cng mt c s i vi phng trnh m v phng
trnh logarit.
Tng kt c cc phng php gii phng trnh m v phng trnh logarit.
II. Chun b ca gio vin v hc sinh.
+ Gio vin: - Phiu hc tp, bng ph.
+ Hc sinh: - Nh cc tnh cht ca hm s m v hm s logarit.
- Lm cc bi tp v nh.
III. Phng php:
+ m thoi, ging gii, cc hot ng.
IV. Tin trnh bi hc.
1) n nh t chc: - n nh lp, kim tra s s.
2) Kim tra bi c:
3) Bi mi:
TIT 1
72
* Hot ng 1.
+ Gio vin nu bi ton
m u ( SGK).
+ Gio vin gi m: Nu P
l s tin gi ban u, sau n
nm s tin l P
n
, th P
n
c xc nh bng cng
thc no?
+ GV k lun: Vic gii cc
phng trnh c cha n s
s m ca lu tha, ta gi
l phng trnh m.
+ GV cho hc sinh nhn
xet da ra dng phng
trnh m.
+ c k , phn tch bi
ton.
+ Hc sinh theo di a ra
kin.
P
n
= P(1 + 0,084)
n
P
n
= 2P
Do : (1 + 0,084)
n
= 2
Vy n = log
1,084
2 8,59
+ n N, nn ta chon n = 9.
+ Hc sinh nhn xet da ra
dng phng trnh m
I. Phng trnh m.
1. Phng trnh m c bn
a. nh ngha :
+ Phng trnh m c bn c
dng :
a
x
= b, (a > 0, a 1)
b. Nhn xt:
+ Vi b > 0, ta c:
a
x
= b <=> x = log
a
b
+ Vi b < 0, phng trnh a
x
= b
v nghim.
* Hot ng 2.
+ GV cho hc sinh nhn
xt nghim ca phng
trnh a
x
= b, (a > 0, a 1) l
honh giao im ca
th hm s no?

+ Thng qua v hnh, GV
cho hc sinh nhn xt v
tnh cht ca phng trnh
a
x
= b, (a > 0, a 1)
+ Hc sinh tho lun cho kt
qu nhn xt
+ Honh giao im ca
hai hm s y = a
x
v y = b l
nghim ca phng trnh
a
x
= b.
+ S nghim ca phng
trnh l s giao im ca hai
th hm s.
+ Hc sinh nhn xt :
+ Nu b< 0, th hai hm
s khng ct nhau, do
phng trnh v nghim.
+ Nu b> 0, th hai hm
s ct nhau ti mt im duy
nht, do phng trnh c
mt nghim duy nht
x = log
a
b
c. Minh ho bng th:
* Vi a > 1
4
2
5
b
log
a
b
y =a
x
y =b
* Vi 0 < a < 1
4
2
5
log
a
b
y =a
x
y =b
+ Kt lun: Phng trnh:
a
x
= b, (a > 0, a 1)
b>0, c nghim duy nht
x = log
a
b
b<0, phng trnh v nghim.
* Hot ng 3.
+ Cho hc sinh tho lun
nhm.
+ Cho i din nhm ln
bng trnh by bi gii ca
nhm.
+ Hc sinh tho lun theo
nhm phn cng.
+ Tin hnh tho lun v
trnh by kin ca nhm.
3
2x + 1
- 9
x
= 4
* Phiu hc tp s 1:
73
Gii phng trnh sau:
3
2x + 1
- 9
x
= 4
+ GV nhn xt, kt lun,
cho hc sinh ghi nhn kin
thc.
3.9
x
9
x
= 4
9
x
= 2
x = log
9
2
* Hot ng 4.
+ GV a ra tnh cht ca
hm s m :
+ Cho HS tho lun nhm
+ GV thu kin tho lun,
v bi gii ca cc nhm.
+ nhn xt : kt lun kin
thc
+Tin hnh tho lun theo
nhm
+Ghi kt qu tho lun ca
nhm
2
2x+5
= 24
x+1
.3
-x-1
2
2x+1
= 3
x+1
.8
x+1
.3
-x-1
2
2x+5
= 8
x+1
2
2x+5
= 2
3(x+1)
2x + 5 = 3x + 3
x = 2.
2. Cch gii mt s phng
trnh m n gin.
a. a v cng c s.
Nu a > 0, a 1. Ta lun c:
a
A(x)
= a
B(x)
A(x) = B(x)
* Phiu hc tp s 2:
* Hot ng 5:
+ GV nhn xt bi ton
nh hng hc sinh a ra
cc bc gii phng trnh
bng cch t n ph
+ GV nh hng hc sinh
gii phwng trnh bng
cch t t =
x+1
3
+ Cho bit iu kin ca t ?
+ Gii tm c t
+ i chiu iu kin t 1
+ T t tm x,kim tra k x
thuc tp xc nh ca
phng trnh.
+ hc sinh tho lun theo
nhm, theo nh hng ca
gio vin, a ra cc bc
- t n ph, tm iu kin
ca n ph.
- Gii pt tm nghim ca bi
ton khi bit n ph
+ Hoc sinh tin hnh gii
x+1 x+1
9 - 4.3 - 45 = 0
Tp xc nh: D = [-1; +)
t: t =
x+1
3
, k t 1.
Phng trnh tr thnh:
t
2
- 4t - 45 = 0
gii c t = 9, t = -5.
+ Vi t = -5 khng tho K
+ Vi t = 9, ta c
x+1
3 = 9
x = 3
b. t n ph.
* Phiu hc tp s 3:
* Hot ng 6:
+ GV a ra nhn xt v
tnh cht ca HS logarit
+ GV hng dn HS
gii phng trnh ny bng
cch ly logarit c s 3;
hoc logarit c s 2 hai v
phng trnh
+GV cho HS tho lun theo
nhm
+ nhn xt , kt lun
+HS tip thu kin thc
+Tin hnh tho lun nhm
theo nh hng GV
+Tin hnh gii phng
trnh:

2
x x
3 .2 = 1
2
x x
3 3
log 3 .2 = log 1
2
x x
3 3
log 3 + log 2 = 0
3
x(1+ xlog 2) = 0
gii phng trnh ta c
x = 0, x = - log
2
3
c. Logarit ho.
Nhn xt :
(a > 0, a 1) ; A(x), B(x) > 0
Tac :
A(x)=B(x)log
a
A(x)=log
a
B(x)

* Phiu hc tp s 4:
74
Gii phng trnh sau:
2
2x+5
= 24
x+1
.3
-x-1
Gii phng trnh sau:
x+1 x+1
9 - 4.3 - 45 = 0
Gii phng trnh sau:
2
x x
3 .2 = 1
TIT 2
* Hot ng 1:
+ GV a ra cc phng
trnh c dng:
log
2
x = 4
log
4
2
x 2log
4
x + 1 = 0
V khng nh y l cc
phng trnh logarit
H1: T m x bit :
log
2
x = 1/3
+ GV a ra pt logarit c
bn
log
a
x = b, (a > 0, a 1)
+ V hnh minh ho
+ Cho HS nhn xt v
ngim ca phng trnh
+ HS theo di v d
+ N phng trnh logarit
+ HS vn dng tnh cht v
hm s logarit vo gii
phng trnh log
2
x = 1/3
x = 2
1/3
x =
3
2
+ theo di hnh v a ra
nhn xt v Phng trnh :
Phng trnh lun c ngim
duy nht x = a
b
, vi mi b
II. Phng trnh logarit
1. Phng trnh logarit c bn
a. N : (SGK)
+ Phng trnh logarit c bn c
dng: log
a
x = b, (a > 0, a 1)
+ log
a
x = b x = a
b
b. Minh ho bng th
* Vi a > 1.
4
2
-2
5
y=f (x)
ab
y =log
a
x
y =b
* Vi 0 < a < 1.
2
-2
5
ab
y =log
a
x
y =b
+ Kt lun: Phng trnh
log
a
x = b, (a > 0, a 1)
lun c nghim duy nht x = a
b
,
vi mi b
* Hot ng 2:
+ Cho hc sinh tho lun
nhm
+ Nhn xt cch trnh by bi
gii ca tng nhm.
+ Kt lun cho hc sinh ghi
nhn kin thc.
Hc sinh tho lun theo nhm,
tin hnh gii phng trnh.
log
2
x + log
4
x + log
8
x = 11
log
2
x+
1
2
log
4
x+
1
3
log
8
x =11
log
2
x = 6
x = 2
6
= 64
2. Cch gii mt s phng
trnh logarit n gin.
a. a v cng c s.

* Phiu hc tp s 1:
75
Gii phng trnh sau:
log
2
x + log
4
x + log
8
x = 11
* Hot ng 3:
+ Gio vin nh hng
cho hc sinh a ra cc
bc gii phng trnh
logarit bng cch t n
ph.
+ GV nh hng :
t t = log
3
x
+ Cho i din nhm ln
bng trnh by bi gii ca
nhm.
+ Nhn xt, nh gi cho
im theo nhm.
+ Hc sinh tho lun theo
nhm, di s nh hng
ca GV a ra cc bc
gii :
- t n ph, tm K n
ph.
- Gii phng trnh tm
nghim ca bi ton khi
bit n ph
- Tin hnh gii :
+
1 2
=1
5+log x 1+log x
3 3
K : x >0, log
3
x 5, log
3
x
-1
t t = log
3
x, (K:t 5,t -
1)
Ta c phng trnh :
+
1 2
=1
5+t 1+t
t
2
- 5t + 6 = 0
gii phng trnh ta c
t =2, t = 3 (tho K)
Vy log
3
x = 2, log
3
x = 3
+ Phng trnh cho c
nghim : x
1
= 9, x
2
= 27
b. t n ph.
* Phiu hc tp s 2:
* Hot ng 4:
+ Gio vin cho hc sinh
tho lun nhm.
+ iu kin ca phng
trnh?
+ GV nh hng vn dng
tnh cht hm s m:
(a > 0, a 1), Tac :
A(x)=B(x) a
A(x)
= a
B(x)
+ Tho lun nhm.
+ Tin hnh gii phng
trnh:
log
2
(5 2
x
) = 2 x
K : 5 2
x
> 0.
+ Phng trnh cho tng
ng. 5 2
x
= 4/2
x
.
2
2x
5.2
x
+ 4 = 0.
t t = 2
x
, K: t > 0.
Phng trnh tr thnh:
t
2
-5t + 4 = 0. phng trnh
c nghim : t = 1, t = 4.
Vy 2
x
= 1, 2
x
= 4, nn
phng trnh cho c
nghim : x = 0, x = 2.
c. M ho.
* Phiu hc tp s 3:
76
Gii phng trnh sau:
+
1 2
=1
5+log x 1+log x
3 3
Gii phng trnh sau:
log
2
(5 2
x
) = 2 x
IV.Cng c.
+ Gio vin nhc li cc kin thc c bn.
+ C s ca phng php a v cng c s, logarit ho gii phng trnh m v
phng trnh logarit.
+ Cc bc gii phng trnh m v phng trnh logarit bng phng php t n ph.
V. Bi tp v nh.
+ Nm vng cc khi nim, phng php gii ton.
+ Gii tt c cc bi tp sch gio khoa thuc phn ny.
BI TP PHNG TRNH M V LOGARIT (Tit 37)
Ngy son :
S tit: 1
I. Mc tiu :
+ V kin thc:
- Nm cc phng php gii phng trnh m v logarit
+ V k nng:
- Rn luyn c k nng gii phng trnh m v lgarit bng cc phng php hc.
+ V t duy v thi : To cho hc sinh tnh cn thn, c t duy logic v tng hp tt, sng to v
chim lnh c nhng kin thc mi.
+ Gio vin: Chun b mt s hnh v minh ho cho mt s bi tp lin quan n th.
+ Hc sinh: Hon thnh cc nhim v v nh, lm cc bi tp trong SGK.
III. Phng php:
- Gi m, vn p, pht hin gii quyt vn v an xen vi hot ng nhm.
IV. Tin trnh bi hc:
1. n nh t chc:
2. Kim tra bi c:
- Nu cc cch gii phng trnh m v logarit ?
- Gii phng trnh: (0,5)
x+7
. (0,5)
1-2x
= 4
3. Bi mi :
T
G
Hot ng ca GV Hot ng ca HS Ghi bng
- Yu cu hc sinh nhc li cc
cch gii mt s dng pt m v
logarit n gin ?
Bi 1: Gii cc phng trnh:
a)2
x+1
+ 2
x-1
+2
x
=28 (1)
b)64
x
-8
x
-56 =0 (2)
c) 3.4
x
-2.6
x
= 9
x
(3)
77
-Pt(1) c th bin i a v
dng pt no bit, nu cch
gii ? .
-Pt (2) gii bng P
2
no?
- Trnh by cc bc gii ?
- Nhn xt v cc c s lu
tha c m x trong phng
trnh (3) ?
- Bng cch no a cc c s
lu tha c m x ca pt trn v
cng mt c s ?
- Nu cch gii ?
-Pt (4) dng p
2
no gii ?
-Ly logarit theo c s my ?
GV: hng dn HS chn c s
thch hp d bin i .
-HS trnh by cch gii ?
-a v dng a
A(x)
=a
B(x)

(a
A(x)
=a
n
)
pt(1) 2.2
x
+
1
2
2
x
+ 2
x
=28

7
2
2
x
=28
-Dng phng php t n
ph.
+t t=8
x
, K t>0
+ a v pt theo t
+ Tm t tho K
+ KL nghim pt
-Chia 2 v ca phng
trnh cho 9
x
(hoc 4
x
).
- Gii pt bng cch t n
ph t=
2
( )
3
x
(t>0)
-P
2
logarit ho
-C th ly logarit theo c
s 2 hoc 3
- HS gii
d) 2
x
.3
x-1
.5
x-2
=12 (4)
Gii:
a) pt(1)
7
2
2
x
=28 2
x
=8
x=3. Vy nghim ca pt l x=3.
b) t t=8
x
, K t>0
Ta c pt: t
2
t -56 =0

7( )
8
t loai
t

.Vi t=8 pt 8
x
=8 x=1.
Vy nghim pt l : x=1
c) Chia 2 v pt (3) cho 9
x
(9
x
>0) , ta
c:3
4 2
( ) 2( ) 1
9 3
x x

t t=
2
( )
3
x
(t>0), ta c pt:
3t
2
-2t-1=0 t=1
Vy pt c nghim x=0.
d) Ly logarit c s 2 ca 2 v pt ta
c:
1 2
2 2
log (2 .3 .5 ) log 12
x x x
<=>
2 2 2
( 1) log 3 ( 2) log 5 2 log 3 x x x + + +

2 2
2 2
2(1 log 3 log 5)
2
(1 log 3 log 5)
x
+ +

+ +
Vy nghim pt l x=2
-iu kin ca pt(5) ?
-Nu cch gii ?
Phng trnh (6) bin i
tng ng vi h no ? v
sao ?
- x>5
-a v dng :
log
a
x b

-pt(6)
2
3 0
6 7 3
x
x x x
>
'
+
Bi 2: Gii cc phng trnh sau:

a)
2 2
log ( 5) log ( 2) 3 x x + +
(5)
b)
2
log( 6 7) log( 3) x x x + (6)
Gii :
a)
K :
5 0
2 0
x
x
>
'
+ >
x>5
Pt (5) log
2
[( 5)( 2)] x x +
=3
(x-5)(x+2) =8

6
3 ( )
x
x loai

Vy pt c nghim x=6
b) pt (6)

2
3 0
6 7 3
x
x x x
>
'
+
2
3
7 10 0
x
x x
>
<>
'
+
x=5
Vy x=5 l nghim.
Bi 3: Gii cc pt:
a) 4 8
2
log 4log log 13 x x x + +
(7)
78
iu kin pt (7) ?
Bin i cc logarit trong pt v
cng c s ? nn bin i v
c s no ?
- Nu cch gii pt ?
-K pt(8) ?
- Nu cch gii phng trnh
(7) ?

a)Pt(9) gii bng p
2
no trong
cc p
2
hc ?
b) pt(10)
Cch1:V th ca hm s
y=2
x
v y=3-x trn cng h
trc to .
-Suy ra nghim ca chng.
-> Cch1 v khng chnh xc
dn n nghim khng chnh
xc.
Cch 2:
- Nhn xt v s ng bin v
nghch bin ca hm s y=2
x

v hm s y=3-x ?
- on xem pt c mt nghim
x bng my ?
- T tnh ng bin v nghch
bin, kt lun nghim ca pt ?
-K: x>0
-Bin i cc logarit v
cng c s 2 (hc sinh
nhc li cc cng thc
hc)
-a pt v dng:
log
a
x b
-K : x>0; x
1
2
; x
1
8
- Dng p
2
t n ph
-P
2
m ho
-Hc sinh v 2 th trn
cng h trc v tm honh
giao im.
-HS y=2
x
ng bin v
a=2>0.
-HS y=3-x nghch bin v
a=-1<0.
- Pt c nghim x=1
-Suy ra x=1 l nghim duy
nht.
b)
8 2
4 16
log 4 log
log 2 log 8
x x
x x
(8)
Gii:
a)Hc sinh t ghi .
b) K: x>0; x
1
2
; x
1
8
pt(7)
2 2
2 2
log 2(2 log )
1 log 3(3 log )
x x
x x
+
+ +
-t t=
2
log
x
; K : t-1,t-3
ta c pt:
2(2 )
1 3(3 )
t t
t t
+
+ +
t
2
+3t -4 =0

1
4
t
t

(tho K)
-vi t=1, ta gii c x=2
-vi t=-4, ta gii c x=
1
16
Bi 4: Gii cc pt sau:
a)
3
log (4.3 1) 2 1
x
x + (9)
b)2
x
=3-x (10)
Hng dn gii:
a)K: 4.3
x
-1 >0
pt (8) 4.3
x
-1 = 3
2x+1
-t n ph , sau gii tm nghim.
b) Hc sinh t ghi
V. Cng c:
- Trnh by li cc bc gii phng trnh m v logarit bng nhng p
2
hc. Lu mt s
vn v iu kin ca phng trnh v cch bin i v dng cn gii.
VI. Bi tp v nh : Gii cc phng trnh sau:
a)
1 1 1
2.4 9 6
x x x

79
b) 2
x
.3
x-1
=12
5x-7

c) x
2
(2-2
x
)x+1-2
x
=0
d)
2 7
log ( 2) log ( 1) 2 x x + +
Bi dy: BT PHNG TRNH M v BT PHNG TRNH
LOGARIT ( Tit 39, 40)
I/ Mc tiu:
1/ V kin thc: Nm c cch gii cc bpt m, bpt logarit dng c bn, n gin.Qua gii
c cc bpt m,bpt logarit c bn , n gin
2/V k nng: Vn dng thnh tho tnh n iu ca hm s m ,logarit d gii cc bptm, bpt
loga rit c bn, n gin
3/ V t duy v thi :- k nng l gic , bit t duy m rng bi ton
- hc nghim tc, hot ng tch cc
II/ Chun b ca gio vin v hc sinh:
+Gio vin: bng ph, phiu hc tp
+Hc sinh: kin thc v tnh n iu hm s m, logarit v bi c trc
III/Phng php: Gi m vn p-hot ng nhm
IV/ Tin trnh bi hc:
1/ n nh t chc: pht
2/ Kim tra bi c(5 pht): 1/ Nu tnh n iu hm s m y = a
x
( a> 0, a 1 ) v v th
hm s y = 2
x

2/ Nu tnh n iu hm s y = log
a
x ( a.>0, a 1 , x>0 ) v tm tp
Xc nh ca hm s y = log
2
(x
2
-1)
3/ Bi mi : Tit1: Bt phng trnh m
H1: Nm c cch gii bpt m c bn
Thi
gian
Hot ng gio vin Hot ng hc sinh Ghi bng
8
s
-Gi hc sinh nu dng pt
m c bn hc
- Gi cho HS thy dng bpt
m c bn (thay du = bi
du bt)
-Dng bng ph v th
hm s y = a
x
v t y =
b(b>0,b 0 )
H1: hy nhn xt s tng
giao 2 th trn
* Xt dng: a
x
> b
H2: khi no th x> log
a
b v
x < log
a
b
- Chia 2 trng hp:
a>1 , 0<a 1
GV hnh thnh cch gii trn
bng
-1 HS nu dng pt m
+ HS theo di v tr
li:
b>0 :lun c giao
im
b 0 : khng c
giaoim
-HS suy ngh tr li
-Hs tr li tp nghim
I/Bt phng trnh
m :
1/ Bt phng
trnh m c bn:
(SGK)
80
H2: v d minh ho
Thi
gian
Hot ng gio vin Hot ng hc sinh Ghi bng
5
/
Hot ng nhm:
Nhm 1 v 2 gii a
Nhm 3 v 4 giib
-Gv: gi i din nhm 1v
3 trnh by trn bng
Nhm cn li nhn xt
GV: nhn xt v hon thin
bi gii trn bng
* H3:em no c th gii
c bpt 2
x
< 16
Cc nhm cng gii
-i din nhm trnh
by, nhm cn li
nhn xt bi gii
HS suy ngh v tr li
V d: gii bpt sau:
a/ 2
x
> 16
b/ (0,5)
x
5
H3:cng c phn 1
Hot ng gio vin hot ng hc sinh Ghi bng
5
/
Dng bng ph:yu cu HS
in vo bng tp nghim
bpt:
a
x
< b, a
x
b , a
x
b
GV hon thin trn bng
ph v cho hc sinh chp
vo v
-i din hc sinh
ln bng tr li
-hc sinh cn li
nhn xt v b sung
H4: Gii bpt m n gin
Hot dng gio vin Hot ng hc sinh Ghi bng

17
/
GV: Nu mt s pt m
hc,t nu gii bpt
-cho Hs nhn xt vp v a
v phi v dng lu tha
-Gi HS s dng tnh
ng bin hm s m
-Gi HS gii trn bng
GV gi hS nhn xt v
hon thin bi gii

GV hng dn HS gii
bng cch t n ph
Gi HS gii trn bng
GV yu cu HS nhn xt
sau hon thin bi gii
ca VD2
-
-tr li t t =3
x

1HS gii trn bng
-HScn li theo di v
nhn xt
2/ gii bptmn gin
VD1:gii bpt
25 5
2
<
+x x
(1)
Gii:
(1)
2
5 5
2
<
+x x
0 2
2
< + x x
1 2 < < x
VD2: gii bpt:
9
x
+ 6.3
x
7 > 0 (2)
Gii:
t t = 3
x

,
t > 0
Khi bpt tr thnh
t
2
+ 6t -7 > 0 1 > t
(t> 0)
0 1 3 > > x
x
H5: Cng c:Bi tp TNKQ( 5 pht)
Bi1: Tp nghim ca bpt :
8 2
2
2
<
+ x x
A ( -3 ; 1) B: ( -1 ; 3) C: ( 0 ; 3 ) D: (-2 ; 0 )
Bi 2: Tp nghim bpt : 2
-x
+ 2
x
2 l:
A:R B:
[ ) + ; 1
C:
( ] 1 ;
D : S=
{ } 0
81
Tit s 2: Bt phng trnh logarit
H6:Cch gii bt phng trnh logarit c bn
Hot ng gio vin hot ng hc sinh Ghi bng
10
/
GV :- Gi HS nu tnh n
iu hm s logarit
-Gi HS nu dng pt
logarit c bn,t GV
hnh thnh dng bpt logarit
c bn
GV: dng bng ph( v
th hm s y = log
a
x v y
=b)
Hi: Tm b t y = b
khng ct th
GV:Xt dng: log
a
x > b
(
0 . , 1 0 > < x a
)
Hi:Khi no x > log
a
b,
x<log
a
b
GV: Xt a>1, 0 <a <1
-Nu c tnh n
iu hm s logarit
y = log
a
x
- cho v d v bpt
loga rit c bn
-Tr li : khng c b
-Suy ngh tr li
I/ Bt phng trnh
logarit:
1/ Bt phng
trnhlogarit c bn:
Dng; (SGK)
Log
a
x > b
+ a > 1 , S =( a
b
;+
)
+0<a <1, S=(0; a
b
)
H7: V d minh ho
8
/
S dng phiu hc tp 1 v2
GV : Gi i din nhm
trnh by trn bng
GV: Gi nhm cn li nhn
xt
GV: nh gi bi gii v
hon thin bi gii trn bng
Hi: Tm tp nghim bpt:
Log
3
x < 4, Log
0,5
x 3
Cng c phn 1:
GV:Yu cu HS in trn
bng ph tp nghim bpt
dng: log
a
x b , log
a
x < b
log
a
x b
GV: hon thin trn bng
ph
H 8 :Gii bpt loga rit n
gin
Tr li tn phiu
hc tp theo nhm
-i din nhm
trnh by
- Nhn xt bi gii
-suy ngh tr li
- in trn bng
ph, HS cn li
nhn xt
V d: Gii bt phng
trnh:
a/ Log
3
x > 4
b/ Log
0,5
x 3
-Nu v d 1
-Hnh thnh phng php
gii dng :log
a
f(x)< log
a

g(x)(1)
+k ca bpt
- nu f(x)>0,
g(x)>0 v 1 0 < a
2/ Gii bt phng trnh:
a/Log
0,2
(5x +10) < log
0,2

(x
2
+ 6x +8 ) (2)
82
22
/
+xt trng hp c s
Hi:bpt trn tng ng h
no?
- Nhn xt h c c
GV:hon thin h c c:
Th1: a.> 1 ( ghi bng)
Th2: 0<a<1(ghi bng)
GV -:Gi 1 HS trnh by
bng
- Gi HS nhn xt v b
sung
GV: hon thin bi gii trn
bng
GV:Nu v d 2
-Gi HS cch gii bi ton
-Gi HS gii trn bng
GV : Gi HS nhn xt v
hon thinbi gii
-suy ngh v tr li
- ! hs trnh by bng
-HS khc nhn xt
-Tr li dng n
ph
-Gii trn bng
-HS nhn xt
Gii:
(2)
'
+ + > +
> +
8 6 10 5
0 10 5
2
x x x
x
'
< +
>
0 2
2
2
x x
x
1 2 < < x
V d2: Gii bt phng
trnh:
Log
3
2
x +5Log
3
x -6 <
0(*)
Gii:
t t = Log
3
x (x >0 )
Khi (*)
t
2
+5t 6 < 0
-6< t < 1
<-6<Log
3

x <1
3
-6
< x < 3
H9: Cng c: Bi tp TNKQ( 5 pht)
Bi 1:Tp nghim bpt: Log
2
( 2x -1 ) Log
2
(3 x )
A
,
_
3 ;
3
4
B
,
_
3
4
;
2
1
C
,
_
3 ;
3
4
D
1
]
1
3
4
;
2
1
Bi2 ;Tp nghim bpt: Log
0,1
(x 1) < 0
A : R B:
) 2 ; (
C:
) ; 2 ( +
D:Tp rng
Dn d: V nh lm bi tp 1v 2 trang 89, 90
BI TP: BT PHNG TRNH M v BT PHNG
LOGARIT (Tit 41)
I/Mc tiu:
V kin thc; Nm vng phng php gii bpt m,bpt logarit v vn dng gii cc bpt
m ,bpt logarit
V k nng: S dng thnh tho tnh n iu hm s m ,logaritv nhn bit iu kin bi
ton
V t duy,thi : Vn dng c tnh logic, bit a bi ton l v quen, hc tp nghim tc,
hot ng tich cc
II/Chun b ca gii vin v hc sinh:
83
Gio vin: Phiu hc tp, cu hi trc nghim
Hc sinh : Bi tp gii nh, nm vng phng php gii
III/ Phng php : gi m ,vn p-Hot ng nhm
IV/ Tin trnh bi hc:
1/ n dnh t chc:
2/ Kim tra bi c: 3 Gii bpt sau:a./ Log
2
(x+4) < 3 b/ 5
2x-1
> 125
3/ Bi mi
H1: Gii bpt m
Thi
gian
Hot ng gio vin Hot ng hc
sinh
Ghi bng
15
10
HTP1-Yu cu hc sinh
nu phng php gii bpt
a
x
> b
a
x
< b
- GVs dng bng ph ghi
tp nghim bpt
GV pht phiu hc tp1 v
2
- Giao nhim v cc nhm
gii
-Gi i din nhm trnh
by trn bng,cc nhm
cn li nhn xt
GV nhn xt v hon thin
bi gii
HTP2:GV nu bi tp
Hng dn hc sinh nu
cch gii
-Gi HS gii trn bng
-Gi HS nhn xt bi gii
- GV hon thin bi gii
- Tr li
_ HS nhn xt
-Gii theo nhm
-i din nhm
trnh by li gii
trn bng
-Nhn xt
-Nu cc cch gii
-HSgii trn bng
-nhn xt
Bi 1: Gii bpt sau:
1/
9 3
3
2
+ x x
(1)
2/ 28 3 3
1 2
+
+ x x
(2)
Gii:
(1) 0 2 3
2
+ x x
2 1 x
(2)
28 3 .
3
1
3 . 9 +
x x
1 3 3 x
x
Bi tp2 :gii bpt
4
x
+3.6
x
4.9
x
< 0(3)
Gii:
(3)
0 4
3
2
3
3
2
2
<
,
_
+
,
_
x x
t t = 0 ,
3
2
>
,
_
t
x
bpt tr
thnh t
2
+3t 4 < 0
Do t > 0 ta c 0< t<1
0 . > x
H2: Gii bpt logarit
12 -Gi HS nu cch gii
bpt
Log
a
x >b ,Log
a
x <b v
ghi tp nghim trn bng
GV : pht phiu hc tp
3,4
-Nu cch gii
Nhm gii trn
phiu hc tp
84
Gi i din nhm tr li
Gi HS nhn xt
GV hon thin bi gii
i din nhm
trnh by trn
bng
Nhm cn li
nhn xt
H3 cng c : 5
Bi 1: tp nghim bt phng trnh :
2
2x 3x
3 5
5 3

,
A/ ( ]
1 1 1
;1 / ;1 / ;1 / ;1
2 2 2
C D
1 _ _

1
] , ,
B
Bi 2: Tp nghim bt phng trnh:
( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
1
2
log 5x+7 0
/ 3; / 2;3 / ; 2 / ; 3
x
A B C D
>
+
Dn d : V nh lm bi tp 8/90 SGK
Ph lc : Phiu hc tp 3
( )
0,2 5 0,2
log log 5 log 3 x x <
Phiu hc tp 4

2
3 3
(log ) 4log 3 0 x x +

N TP CHNG II GII TCH 12 (Tit 42, 43)
I - Mc tiu:
* V kin thc: Qua bi hc ny gip hc sinh h thng cc kin thc v hm s ly tha,
m, lgarit. C th:
- Pht biu c nh ngha ly tha vi s m 0, Ly tha vi s m nguyn, ly tha
vi s m hu t, ly tha vi s m thc.
- Pht biu c nh ngha, vit cc cng thc v tnh cht ca hm s m.
- Pht biu c nh ngha, vit cc cng thc v tnh cht ca lgarit, lgarit thp phn,
lgarit t nhin, hm s lgarit.
* V k nng: Hc sinh rn luyn cc k nng sau:
85
- S dng cc quy tc tnh ly tha v lgarit tnh cc biu thc, chng minh cc ng
thc lin quan.
- Gii phng trnh, h phng trnh, bt phng trnh m v lgarit.
* V t duy thi : Rn luyn t duy bin chng, thi hc tp tch cc, ch ng.
II Chun b:
* Gio vin: Gio n, phiu hc tp, bng ph, Sch gio khoa.
* Hc sinh: n tp li l thuyt v gii cc bi tp v nh
III Phng php: Vn p gii quyt vn v kt hp cc phng php dy hc khc.
IV Tin trnh bi hc:
1. n nh lp:
2. Kim tra bi c: ( 8 )
Cu hi 1: Nu nh ngha v cc tnh cht ca hm s lu tha?
Cu hi 2: Hy hon thin bng sau:
Tnh cht Hm s m
( 0)
x
y a a >
Hm s lgarit
log ( 0; 1)
a
y x a a >
Tp xc nh
D
o hm
1
'
ln
y
x a
Chiu bin thin

* Nu 1 a > th hm s ng
bin trn
* Nu 0 1 a < < th hm s
nghch bin trn
Tim cn Tim cn ng l trc Oy
Dng th
3. Bi mi:
Hot ng 1: S dng cc tnh cht ca hm s m v lgarit gii cc bi tp sau:
a) Cho bit
3 5
log 15 ; log 10 a b
tnh
3
log 50

b) Cho bit 4 4 23
x x
+ tnh 2 2
x x
A

+

8
7
- Gi hc sinh nhc li cc
tnh cht ca hm s m
v lgarit .
- Yu cu hc sinh vn
dng lm bi tp trn.
- Tr li theo yu cu ca
gio vin.
- Tho lun v ln bng
trnh by.

a)

3
3
3 3
3 3
log 50 2log (5.10)
2(log 5 log 10)
2(log 15 log 10 1)
2( 1) a b
+
+
+
b) Ta c:
2 2
(2 2 ) 4 4 2
23 2 25 5
x x x x
A
A

+ + +
+
86
4
2
1
O x
y
2
-2
1
x
y
O
Hot ng 2: Gii cc phng trnh m v lgarit sau:
a)
2 2
2 3.2 1 0
x x +
+
b)
2 1
8
1 1
log ( 2) log 3 5
6 3
x x
c)
lg lg lg
4.4 6 18.9 0
x x x

TG Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc
sinh
Ghi bng
5
7
10
- Gi hc sinh nhc li
phng php gii phng
trnh m.
- Yu cu hc sinh vn
dng lm bi tp trn.
- Gi hc sinh nhc li
phng php gii phng
trnh lgarit.
- Tm iu kin cc
lgarit c ngha?
- Hng dn hs s dng
cc cng thc
+
log log
a
a
b b
+
log log log .
a a a
b c b c +
+ log
a
b
a b bin i
phng trnh cho
- Yu cu hc sinh vn
dng lm bi tp trn.
- Gi hoc sinh nhc li
cng thc lgarit thp
phn v lgarit t nhin.
- Cho hc sinh quan st
phng trnh c) tm
phng php gii.
- Gio vin nhn xt,
hon chnh li gii.
- Tr li theo yu cu
ca gio vin.
(*)
x
a b
Nu 0 b th pt (*) VN
Nu 0 b > th pt (*) c
nghim duy nht
log
a
x b
- Tho lun v ln bng
trnh by
- Tr li theo yu cu
ca gio vin.
log
b
a
x b x a
k:
1 0
0
a
x
>
'
>
- Tho lun v ln bng

trnh by.
- Nhc li theo yu cu
ca gio vin.
10
log lg
log ln
e
x x
x x
- Tho lun tm
phng php gii.

a)
2 2
2 3.2 1 0
x x +
+

2
4.2 3.2 1 0
2 1 0
1
2
4
2
x x
x
x
x
+
<

b)
2 1
8
1 1
log ( 2) log 3 5
6 3
x x
(*)
k:

2 0
2
3 5 0
x
x
x
>
>
'
>

2
2
2
2
2
(*) log ( 2) 2
log (3 5)
log [( 2)(3 5)]=2
3 11 10 4
3 11 6 0
3
3
2
2
3
x
x
x x
x x
x x
x
x
x

+
+
<
c)
lg lg lg
4.4 6 18.9 0
x x x
(3)
(3)
2lg lg
lg 2
lg
2 2
4. 18 0
3 3
2 9 2
3 4 3
2
2 0
3
1
lg 2
100
x x
x
x
x x
_ _

, ,
_ _

, ,
<

87
TIT 2
Hot ng 3: Gii cc bt phng trnh sau :
a)
1
(0, 4) (2, 5) 1, 5
x x+
>
b)
2
1 3
3
log ( 6 5) 2log (2 ) 0 x x x + +
T
G
Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc
sinh
Ghi bng
15
15
- Gi hc sinh a cc c
s trong phng trnh a)
v dng phn s v tm
mi lin h gia cc phn
s .
- Yu cu hc sinh vn
dng gii bt phng
trnh trn.
- Cho hs nu phng
php gii bpt lgarit:
log ( ) log ( ) (*)
(1 0)
a a
f x g x
a
>
>
- Hng dn cho hoc sinh
vn dng phng php
trn gii bpt.
-Gio vin nhn xt v
hon thin li gii ca
hoc sinh.
- Tr li theo yu
cu ca gio vin.
2 5
0, 4 ; 2,5
5 2

Nu t
2
5
t th
5 1
2 t
- Tho lun v ln
bng trnh by.
- Tr li theo yu
cu ca gv.
k:
( ) 0
( ) 0
f x
g x
>
'
>
+ Nu 1 a > th
(*)
( ) ( ) f x g x >
+ Nu 0 1 a < < th
(*)
( ) ( ) f x g x <
- Tho lun v ln
bng trnh by.

a)
1
(0, 4) (2, 5) 1, 5
x x+
>

2
2 5 5 3
.
5 2 2 2
2 2
2 3. 5 0
5 5
2
1
5 2 5
5 2
2 5
5 2
1
x x
x x
x
x
x
x
_ _
>

, ,
_ _
>

, ,
_
<

, _
>

,
_
>

<
b)
2
1 3
3
log ( 6 5) 2log (2 ) 0 x x x + +
(*)
k:

2
6 5 0
1
2 0
x x
x
x
+ >
<
'
>

2 2
3 3
2 2
log (2 ) log ( 6 5)
(2 ) 6 5
1
2 1
2
x x x
x x x
x x
+
+

Tp nghim
1
;1
2
T
_
,
4. Cng c:( 5 )
- Nu tnh ng bin nghich bin ca hm s m v lgarit.
- Nu cc phng php gii phng trnh m v phng trnh lgarit.
5. Hng dn hc bi nh v bi tp v nh ( 5 )
- Xem li cc kin thc hc trong chng II, Lm cc bi tp cn li SGK v SBT.
- Chun b kim tra 1 tit chng II
* Bi tp v nh: Gii cc phng trnh v bt phng trnh sau:
a)
2 2
sin cos
2 4.2 6
x x
+
b)
3 5 2 0
x
x +
(*)
c)
2
0,1 0,1
log ( 2) log ( 3) x x x + > +
88
* Hng dn gii:
a) Ta c:
2 2
sin 1 cos x x
KQ : ; ( )
2
x

+
b) Ta c: (*) 3 5 2
x
x ; c 1 x l nghim v hm s : 3
x
y l hm s ng bin;

5 2 y x
l hm s nghch bin. KQ : x = 1
c) Tp nghim bt phng trnh ( 5; 2) (1; 5) S
V Ph lc :
1. Phiu hc tp:
a) phiu hc tp 1
S dng cc tnh cht ca hm s m v lgarit gii cc bi tp sau:
a) Cho bit
3 5
log 15 ; log 10 a b
tnh
3
log 50

b) Cho bit 4 4 23
x x
+ tnh 2 2
x x
A

+

b) phiu hc tp 2
Gii cc phng trnh m v lgarit sau:
a)
2 2
2 3.2 1 0
x x +
+
b)
2 1
8
1 1
log ( 2) log 3 5
6 3
x x
c)
lg lg lg
4.4 6 18.9 0
x x x

c) phiu hc tp 3
Gii cc bt phng trnh sau :
a)
1
(0, 4) (2, 5) 1, 5
x x+
>
b)
2
1 3
3
log ( 6 5) 2log (2 ) 0 x x x + +
2. Bng ph :
Tnh cht Hm s m
( 0)
x
y a a >
Hm s lgarit
log ( 0; 1)
a
y x a a >
Tp xc nh
D
*
D
+

o hm
' ln
x
y a a
1
'
ln
y
x a
Chiu bin thin

bin trn
* Nu 0 1 a < < th hm s
nghch bin trn
bin trn ( ) 0; +
* Nu 0 1 a < < th hm s
nghch bin trn ( ) 0; +
Tim cn Tim cn ngang l trc Ox Tim cn ng l trc Oy
89
Dng th
th i qua im A(0;1) v
im B(1;a), nm pha trn
trc honh
th i qua im A(1;0) v
im B(a;1), nm pha bn
phi trc tung.
Trng THPT Nam Tr My GIO N GII TCH 12
T: Ton H v tn:
Tit trong PCTT:
Ngy son:
Bi 1
NGUYN HM
(3 tit)
I. Mc ch yu cu:
1. V kin thc:
- Hiu c nh ngha nguyn hm ca hm s trn K, phn bit r mt nguyn
hm vi h nguyn hm ca mt hm s.
- Bit cc tnh cht c bn ca nguyn hm.
- Nm c cc phng php tnh nguyn hm.
2. V k nng:
- Tm c nguyn hm ca mt s hm s tng i n gin da vo bng
nguyn hm v cc tnh cht ca nguyn hm.
- S dng phng php i bin s, phng php tnh nguyn hm tng phn
tnh nguyn hm.
3. V t duy, thi :
- Thy c mi lin h gia nguyn hm v o hm ca hm s.
90
4
2
1
O x
y
2
-2
1
x
y
O
0 1 a < <
0 1 a < <
1 a >
1 a >
- Cn thn, chnh xc, nghim tc, tch cc pht biu xy dng bi.
II. Chun b:
1. Gio vin: Gio n, bng ph, phiu hc tp.
2. Hc sinh: SGK, c trc bi mi.
III. Tin trnh bi hc:
1. n nh lp: Kim tra s s, tc phong
2. Kim tra bi c: (3)
Cu hi: Tm o hm cc hm s sau:
a/ y = x
3
b/ y = tan x
3. Bi mi:
Tit1: Nguyn hm v cc tnh cht ca nguyn hm.
Tit 2: Phng php tnh nguyn hm bng cch i bin s.
Tit 3: Tnh nguyn hm bng phng php tnh nguyn hm tng phn.
91
Tit 1:
T/9 HGV HHS Ghi bng
5
3
3
H1: Nguyn hm
HTP1: Hnh thnh khi
nim nguyn hm
- Yu cu hc sinh thc
hin H1 SGK.
- T H1 SGK cho hc
sinh rt ra nhn xt (c th
gi cho hc sinh nu cn)
- T dn n vic pht
biu nh ngha khi nim
nguyn hm (yu cu hc
sinh pht biu, gio vin
chnh xc ho v ghi bng)
HTP2: Lm r khi nim
- Nu 1 vi vd n gin
gip hc sinh nhanh chng
lm quen vi khi nim
(yu cu hc sinh thc
hin)
H1: Tm Ng/hm cc hm
s:
a/ f(x) = 2x trn (-; +)
1
b/ f(x) = trn (0; +)
x
c/ f(x) = cosx trn (-; +)
HTP3: Mt vi tnh cht
suy ra t nh ngha.
- Yu cu hc sinh thc
hin H2 SGK.
- T gio vin gip hc
sinh nhn xt tng qut rt
ra kt lun l ni dung nh
l 1 v nh l 2 SGK.
- Yu cu hc sinh pht
biu v C/M nh l.
- Thc hin d dng
da vo kqu KTB
c.
- Nu bit o hm
ca mt hm s ta c
th suy ngc li
c hm s gc ca
o hm.
- Pht biu nh ngha
nguyn hm (dng
SGK)
- Hc sinh thc hin
c 1 cch d dng
nh vo bng o
hm.
TH:
a/ F(x) = x
2
b/ F(x) = lnx
c/ F(x) = sinx
a/ F(x) = x
2
+ C
b/ F(x) = lnx + C
c/ F(x) = sinx + C
(vi C: hng s bt
k)
- Hc sinh pht biu
nh l (SGK).
I. Nguyn hm v tnh cht
1. Nguyn hm
K hiu K l khong, on hoc
na khong ca IR.
nh ngha: (SGK/ T93)
VD:
a/ F(x) = x
2
l ng/hm hm s
f(x) = 2x trn (-; +)
b/ F(x) = lnx l ng/hm ca
1
hm s f(x) = trn (0; +)
x
c/ F(x) = sinx l ng/hm ca h/s
f(x) = cosx trn (-; +)
nh l1: (SGK/T93)
C/M.
T/9 HGV HHS Ghi bng
- T nh l 1 v 2 (SGK) - Ch nh l2: (SGK/T94)
92
3
2
3
5
nu K/n h nguyn hm
ca h/s v k hiu.
- Lm r mi lin h gia
vi phn ca hm s v
nguyn hm ca n trong
biu thc. (Gio vin
cp n thut ng: tch
phn khng xc nh cho
hc sinh)
HTP4: Vn dng nh l
- H/s lm vd2 (SGK): Gio
vin c th hng dn hc
sinh nu cn, chnh xc ho
li gii ca hc sinh v ghi
bng.
H2: Tnh cht ca
nguyn hm.
HTP1: Mi lin h gia
nguyn hm v o hm:
- T /n d dng gip hc
sinh suy ra tnh cht 1
(SGK)
- Minh ho tnh cht bng
vd v y/c h/s thc hin.
HTP2: Tnh cht 2
(SGK)
- Yu cu hc sinh pht
biu tnh cht v nhn
mnh cho hc sinh hng s
K+0
- HD hc sinh chng minh
tnh cht.
HTP3: Tnh cht 3
- Y/cu hc sinh pht biu
tnh cht.
- Thc hin H4 (SGK)
(gio vin hng dn hc
sinh nu cn)
- H/s thc hin vd
- Pht biu tnh cht 1
(SGK)
- H/s thc hin vd
- Pht biu tnh cht.
- Pht biu da vo
SGK.
- Thc hin
C/M (SGK)
C R
L h tt c cc nguyn hm ca
f(x) trn K
*Ch :
f(x)dx l vi phn ca ng/hm
F(x) ca f(x) v dF(x) = F(x)dx
= f(x)dx.
Vd2:
a/ 2xdx = x
2
+ C; x (-; +)
b/ 1/sds = ln s + C; s (0; +)
c/ costdt = sint + C; t (0; +)
2. Tnh cht ca nguyn hm
Tnh cht 1:
Vd3:
(cosx)dx = (-sin)dx = cosx + C
Tnh cht2:
k: hng s khc 0
C/M: (SGK)
Tnh cht 3:
C/M: Chng minh ca hc sinh
c chnh xc ho.
T/9 HGV HHS Ghi bng
- Minh ho tnh cht bng
vd4 SGK v yu cu hc
sinh thc hin.
- Nhn xt, chnh xc ho
v ghi bng.
H3: S tn ti ca
- Hc sinh thc hin
Vd:
Vi x (0; +)
Ta c:
(3sinx + 2/x)dx =
3(sin)dx + 21/xdx =
-3cosx + 2lnx +C
Vd4: Tm nguyn hm ca hm
s f(x) = 3sinx + 2/x trn
khong (0; +)
Gii:
Li gii ca hc sinh chnh
xc ho.
3. S tn ti ca nguyn hm
93
f(x) dx = F(x) + C
f(x) dx = f(x) + C
kf(x) dx = k f(x) dx
[f(x) g(x)]dx=f(x)dx g(x)dx
4
14
nguyn hm
- Gio vin cho hc sinh
pht biu v tha nhn
nh l 3.
- Minh ho nh l bng 1
vi vd 5 SGK (y/c hc sinh
gii thch)
H4: Bng nguyn hm
- Cho hc sinh thc hin
hot ng 5 SGK.
- Treo bng ph v y/c hc
sinh kim tra li kqu va
thc hin.
- T a ra bng kqu
cc nguyn hm ca 1 s
hm s thng gp.
- Luyn tp cho hc sinh
bng cch yu cu hc sinh
lm vd6 SGK v 1 s vd
khc gv giao cho.
- HD h/s vn dng linh
hot bng hn bng cch
a vo cc hm s hp.
- Pht biu nh l
- Thc hin vd5
- Thc hin H5
- Kim tra li kqu
- Ch bng kqu
- Thc hin vd 6
a/ = 2x
2
dx + x
-2/3
dx =
2/3x
3
+ 3x
1/3
+ C.
b/ = 3cosxdx - 1/3
x
dx
1 3x
= 3sinx - +C
3 ln3
c/ = 1/6(2x + 3)
6
+ C
d/ = sinx/cosx dx
= - ln/cosx/ +C
nh l 3: (SGK/T95)
Vd5: (SGK/T96)
4. Bng nguyn hm ca mt
s hm s thng gp:
Bng nguyn hm:
(SGK/T97)
Vd6: Tnh
1
a/ [2x
2
+ ]dx trn (0; +)

3
x
2
b/ (3cosx - 3
x-1
) dx trn (-; +)
c/ 2(2x + 3)
5
dx
d/ tanx dx
Tit 2
T/9 HGV HHS Ghi bng
15
H5: Phng php i bin
s
HTP1: Phng php
- Yu cu h/s lm hng 6
SGK.
- Nhng bthc theo u s tnh
c d dng nguyn hm
- Gv t v cho hc sinh l:
(x-1)
10
dx = udu
V lnx/x dx = tdt
- HD hc sinh gii quyt vn
bng nh l 1(SGKT98)
- HD h/s chng minh nh l
- T nh l y/c hc sinh rt
ra h qu v pht biu.
- Lm r nh l bng vd7
- Thc hin
a/ (x-1)
10
dx chuyn
thnh u
10
du.
b/ lnx/x dx chuyn
thnh : t
e
t
dt = tdt
e
t
- Pht biu nh l 1
(SGK/T98)
- Pht biu h qu
II. Phng php tnh nguyn
hm
1. Phng php i bin s
nh l1: (SGK/ T98)
C/M (SGK)
H qu: (SGK/ T98)
94
30
(SGK) (yu cu hc sinh
thc hin)
- Lu hc sinh tr li bin
ban u nu tnh nguyn
hm theo bin mi.
HTP2: Rn luyn tnh
nguyn hm hm s bng p
2
i bin s.
- Nu vd v y/c hc sinh
thc hin. HD hc sinh tr
li bng 1 s cu hi
H1: t u nh th no?
H2: Vit tch phn bt nh
ban u tho?
H3: Tnh?
H4: i bin u theo x
- Nhn xt v chnh xc ho
li gii.
- Thc hin vd7
V sinudu = -cosu + C
Nn: sin (3x-1)dx
= -1/3 cos (3x - 1) + C
- Thc hin vd:
t u = x + 1
Khi : x/(x+1)
5
dx
= u-1/u
5
du
= 1/u
4
du - 1/u
5
du
1 1 1 1
= - . + + C
3 u
3
4 u
4
1 1 1 1
= - . + + C
3 (x+1)
3
4 (x+1)
4
1 1 1
= [- + ]+ C
(x+1)
3
3 4(x+1)
(a + 0)
VD7: Tnh sin (3x -1)dx
* Ch : (SGK/ T98)
Vd8 (SGK)
Tnh x/(x+1)
5
dx
Gii:
Li gii hc sinh c chnh
xc ho
T/9 HGV HHS Ghi bng
- Nu vd9; yu cu hc sinh
thc hin. GV c th hng
dn thng qua 1 s cu hi:
H1: i bin nh th no?
H2: Vit tch phn ban u
theo u
H3: Tnh da vo bng
nguyn hm.
- T nhng vd trn v trn
c s ca phng php i
bin s y/cu hc sinh lp
bng nguyn hm cc hm
s cp dng hm s hp:
dng: f(u) vi u = u (x)
- Hc sinh thc hin
a/
t U = 2x + 1
U
= 2
2 e
2x+1
dx = e
u
d
u
= e
u
+ C
= e
2x+1
+ C
b/ t U = x
5
+ 1
U
= 5 x
4
5 x
4
sin (x
5
+ 1)dx
= sin u du = - cos u
+c
= - cos (x
5
+ 1) + c
- Hc sinh thc hin
Vd9: Tnh
a/ 2e
2x +1
dx
b/ 5 x
4
sin (x
5
+ 1)dx
Gii: Li gii hc sinh c
chnh xc ho .
- Bng nguyn hm 1 s hm
s s cp dng hm s hp.
(bng ph)
95
f(ax+b)dx=1/a F(ax+b) + C
Tit 3
96
T/9 HGV HHS Ghi bng
H6: Phng php nguyn
hm tng phn.
HTP1: Hnh thnh phng
php.
- Yu cu v hng dn hc
sinh thc hin hot ng 7
SGK.
- T hot ng 7 SGK
hng dn hc sinh nhn
xt v rt ra kt lun thay U
= x v V = cos x.
- T yu cu hc sinh
pht biu v chng minh
nh l
- Lu cho hc sinh cch
vit biu thc ca nh l:
V
(x) dx = dv
U
(x) dx = du
HTP2: Rn luyn tnh
nguyn hm hm s bng
phng php nguyn hm
tng phn.
- Nu vd 9 SGK yu cu
hc sinh thc hin. GV c
th hng dn thng qua
cc cu hi gi :
t u = ?
Suy ra du = ? , dv = ?
p dng cng thc tnh
- Nhn xt , nh gi kt
qu v chnh xc ho li
gii , ghi bng ngn gn v
chnh xc li gii.
- T vd9: yu cu hc sinh
thc hin H8 SGK
- Nu 1 vi v d yu cu
hc sinh thc hin tnh khi
s dng phng php
nguye hm tng phn
mc linh hot hn.
- GV hng dn hc sinh
thc hin tnh (lp li tnh
nguyn hm 1 s ln )
- Nhn xt v chnh xc ho
kt qu.
- Thc hin:
(x cos x)
dx = x cos + C1
cosx dx = Sin x + C2
Do :
x sin x dx = - x cosx
+ sin x + C (C = - C1 + C2)
- Pht biu nh l
- Chng minh nh l:
- Thc hin vd:
a/ t: U = x dv = e
x
dx
Vy: du = dx , v = e
x
x e
x
dx = x . e
x
- e
x

de - x e
x
- e
x
+ C
b/ t u = x , dv = cos
dx, du = dx , v = sin x
Do :
x cos x dx = x sin x -
sin dx = x sin x + cosx
+ C
c/ t u = lnx, dv = dx
du = 1/2 dx , v= x
Do :
lnx dx = xlnx - x + c
- Thc hin 1 cch d
dng.
- Thc hin theo yu
cu gio vin
a/ t u = x
2
v dv =
cosx dx
ta c: du = 2xdx, v =
sin x
do :
x
2
cosxdx = x
2
sin x -
2x sin x dx
t u = x v dv = sin x
dx
du = dx , v = - cosx
x sin x dx = - xcos x +
2. Phng php tnh nguyn
hm tng phn:

nh l 2: (SGK/T99)
Chng minh:
*Ch :
VD9: Tnh VD9: Tnh
a/ xe
x
dx
b./ x cos x dx
c/ lnx dx.
Gii:
Li gii hc sinh chnh xc
ho.
VD10: Tnh
a/ x
2
cos x dx
Gii:
Li gii ca hc sinh chnh
xc ho.
97
u (x) v
(x) dx = u (x) v(x) - u

(x) v(x) dx
u dv = u . v - vdu
4. Hng dn hc bi nh:
- Nm vng cc cch tnh nguyn hm ca hm s
- Lm cc bi tp SGK v SBT.
Tn :
Tit : NS
BI TP PHN NGUYN HM
I. Mc ch yu cu :
1/ Kin thc :
- Nm c khi nim nguyn hm c mt h s .
- Bit cc tnh cht c bn ca nguyn hm .
2/ K nng :
- Tm c nguyn hm ca mt hm s tong i n gin da vo bng nghm 1
cch tm nguyn hm tng phn .
- S dng phng php i bin s tnh nghm
3/ T duy, thi :
- Thy c mlg gia nguyn hm 1 o hm .
- Rn luyn tnh cm nhn, chnh xc.
II. Chun b :
GV. - Bng ph, sgk, gn, phiu hc tp .
HS. - hc thuc bng hm & lm BTVN.
III.Phng php: m thoi, vn p, tho lun nhm
IV.Tin trnh bi hc :
1, n nh lp
2, KTBC (10 )
HS1 : Bng hm ( ghi bng ph )
HS2: Cha bi 2c sgk
GV NX, ghi im cho hc sinh
3, Luyn tp ( 33)
98
TG HGV HHS Ghi Bng
7
18
8
H1 : Nm vng nguyn hm
Htp 1 : Tip cn nguyn hm gi tng
hc sinh tr li ming v gii
Thch l do bi 1 SGK
Htp 2: Hnh thnh k nng tm nghm
Bi 2 : Cho hc sinh tho lun nhm cc
cu a, b, c, d, e, g, h c th hng dn cho
hc sinh cu d s dng cng thc i t
tch n tng
hng dn cu h:
{
3 / 2 ; 3 / 1 0 2
1
) 2 1 )( 1 (
) 2 ( ) (
) 2 1 )( 1 (
) 1 ( ) 2 1 (
2 1 1 ) 2 1 )( 1 (
1
+
+

+ + +
+
+
+
B A B A
B A
x x
B A B A
x x
x B x A
x
B
x
A
x x
H2 : S dng phn s i bin s
Htp 1 : Vn dng a l lm bi tp ,
gi 2 hs ln bng lm cu 3a,b SGK
4, HDVN : (2)
- Nm vng bng nghm & bit cch tm
nghm bng phn s i bin s .
- BTVN : 3c, d, : 4 SGK .
+ Bi tp thm :
1/ CMR Hm s F ( x) = ln
C x x + + + 1
2
l nguyn hm ca hm s
1
1
) (
2
+

x
x f y
Tho lun nhm
Da9 din nhm trnh
by li gii
Lm vic c nhn
2/a,
C x x x + + +
3 / 2 6 / 7 3 / 5
2
3
7
6
5
3
b,
C
e
x
+
+
) 1 2 (ln
1 2 ln 2
d,
C x x + +
) 2 cos 8 cos
4
1
(
4
1
e, tanx x + C
g,
C e
x
+
2 3
2
1
h,
C
x
x
+
+
1
1
ln
3
1
3a, C
x
+

10
) 1 (
10
b,
C x + +
2 / 5 2
) 1 (
5
1
99
2/ Tnh a,
dx
x
x
+ sin 2 1
cos
b,
x
xdx
3
sin
cos
Tit 2 :
1, n nh lp
2, KTBC ( 10 )
Cha bi tp thm .
GV chnh xc ha li gii & ghi im cho hc sinh
3. Luyn Tp ( 35 )
Trang HGV HHS Ghi Bng
10
15
Htp 2: Rn luyn k nng t
bin
Bi 3 c, d SGK
gi 2 hc sinh ln bng lm
H 3 : Rn luyn k
nng t u, dv trong phng
phptnh nguyn hm bng
phng php tng phn
Lm bi 4 sgk
gi 4 hs ln bng lm
Cu b : cc em phi t 2 ln
H4 : Nng cao pht biu bi
tp theo bn c th hng dn

Lm vic c nhn
Tho lun theo bi
Tho lun trong 5
3c,
C x +
4
cos
4
1
d,
C
e
+
+
1
1
4/a,
C
x
x x x + + +
+
2 4
1
) 1 ln( ) 1 (
2
1
: Kq
dx x dv
x) ln(1 u
2 2
b,
C x e Kq
dx e dv x u
+
+
) 1 ( :
, 1
2
2
c,
C x x
x
Kq
dx x dv x u
+ + + +
+
) 1 2 sin(
4
1
) 1 2 cos(
2
:
) 1 2 sin( ,
d,
C x x x Kq
xdx dv x u
+

cos sin ) 1 ( :
cos ,
b,
C x x
dx
x x
x
J
+ +
+
+
3 ln 5 1 ln 2
3 4
1 3
2

100
15
cu a : hs lm b
Hng dn cu a :
C x x
x
dx
x
dx
I
x x x x
x
B
A
B A
B A
B A x B A x
x B x A x
x
B
x
A
x x
x
dx
x x
x
I
+ + +
+
+
+
+
'
'

+
+ +
+ +
+
+
2 ln 3 3 ln 2
2
3
3
2
2
3
3
2
6
5 5
3
2
5 3 2
5
) 3 2 ( ) ( 5 5
) 3 ( ) 2 ( 5 5
2 3 6
5 5
6
5 5
2
2
2
Tho lun trong 5
1
4, HDVN :
- Nm vng bng nghm .
- Vn dng linh hot cc
phng php tm nghm = 2
phn s i bin & tng phn .
- BTVN : cc bi tp trong
SBT
101
Ph lc:
Bng ph: Hy in vo du .
C x
C x
C
x
dx
+
+
+
+
sin ....
cos ....
1 ,
1
....
....
1
1 , 0 .......,
cot ......
tan ......
>
+
+
a a dx a
C x
C x
Phiu hc tp:
Tnh a,
dx
x x
x
I

6
5 5
2
b,
+
+
dx
x x
x
J
3 4
1 3
2
Tit 52,53 TCH PHN
Ngy son: 5.8.2008
I. Mc tiu:
- Kin thc c bn: khi nim tch phn, din tch hnh thang cong, tnh cht ca tch phn,
cc phng php tnh tch phn (phng php i bin s, phng php tch phn tng phn)
- K nng: hiu r khi nim tch phn, bit cch tnh tch phn, s dng thng tho c hai
phng php tnh tch phn tm tch phn ca cc hm s.
102
-Thi : tch cc xy dng bi, ch ng chim lnh kin thc theo s hng dn ca Gv,
nng ng, sng to trong qu trnh tip cn tri thc mi, thy c li ch ca ton hc trong
i sng, t hnh thnh nim say m khoa hc, v c nhng ng gp sau ny cho x hi.
- T duy: hnh thnh t duy logic, lp lun cht ch, v linh hot trong qu trnh suy ngh.
II. Phng php :
- Thuyt trnh, kt hp tho lun nhm v hi p.
- Phng tin dy hc: SGK.
III. Chun b:
+ Chun b ca gio vin :
- Phiu hc tp, bng ph.
+ Chun b ca hc sinh :
- Hon thnh cc nhim v nh.
- c qua ni dung bi mi nh.
IV. Tin trnh tit dy :
1. n nh lp :
2. Kim tra bi c :
- Trnh by phng php i bin s tnh nguyn hm.
- Vit cng thc tnh nguyn hm tng phn (dng y v dng rt gn).
3. Vo bi mi
Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca
Hs
Ni dung ghi bng
I. KHI NIM TCH PHN.
1. Din tch hnh thang cong:
Hot ng 1 :
K hiu T l hnh thang vung gii
hn bi ng thng y = 2x + 1, trc
honh v hai ng thng x = 1; x = t
(1 t 5) (H45, SGK, trang 102)
1. Hy tnh din tch S ca hnh T
khi t = 5. (H46, SGK, trang 102)
2. Hy tnh din tch S(t) ca hnh T
khi t [1; 5].
3. Hy chng minh S(t) l mt
nguyn hm ca
f(t) = 2t + 1, t [1; 5] v din tch S =
S(5) S(1).
Gv gii thiu vi Hs ni dung nh
ngha sau :
Cho hm s y = f(x) lin tc, khng i
du trn on [a ; b] .Hnh phng gii
hn bi th ca hm s y = f(x), trc
honh v hai ng thng x = a ; x = b
c gi l hnh thang cong (H47a,
Tho lun
nhm :
+ Tnh din
tch S ca
hnh T khi t =
5. (H46, SGK,
trang 102)
+ Tnh din
tch S(t) ca
hnh T khi t
[1; 5].
+ Chng minh
S(t) l mt
nguyn hm
ca
f(t) = 2t + 1, t
[1; 5] v
din tch S =
S(5) S(1).
TCH PHN
I. KHI NIM TCH PHN.
1. Din tch hnh thang cong: ( sgk )
103
SGK, trang 102)
Gv gii thiu cho Hs vd 1 (SGK,
trang 102, 103, 104) Hs hiu r vic
tnh din tch hnh thang cong.
2. nh ngha tch phn :
Hot ng 2 :
Gi s f(x) l hm s lin tc trn
on [a ; b], F(x) v G(x) l hai nguyn
hm ca f(x). Chng minh rng F(b)
F(a) = G(b) G(a). (tc l hiu s F(b)
F(a) khng ph thuc vic chn nguyn
hm).
Gv gii thiu vi Hs ni dung nh
ngha sau :
Cho f(x) l hm s lin tc trn on [a;
b]. Gi s F(x) l mt nguyn hm ca
f(x) trn on [a; b]. Hiu s
F(b) F(a) c gi l tch phn t a n
b (hay tch phn xc nh trn on [a;
b]) ca hm s f(x), k hiu:
( )
b
a
f x dx
Ta cn k hiu: ( ) ( ) ( )
b
a
F x F b F a .
Vy:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
b
b
a
a
f x dx F x F b F a
Qui c: nu a = b hoc a > b: ta qui

c :
( ) 0; ( ) ( )
a b a
a a b
f x dx f x dx f x dx

trang 105) Hs hiu r nh ngha va
nu.
II. CC TNH CHT CA TCH
Tho lun
nhm
chng minh
F(b) F(a) =
G(b) G(a).
2. nh ngha tch phn :
Cho f(x) l hm s lin tc trn on [a;
b]. Gi s F(x) l mt nguyn hm ca
f(x) trn on [a; b]. Hiu s
F(b) F(a) c gi l tch phn t a n
b (hay tch phn xc nh trn on [a; b])
ca hm s f(x), k hiu:
( )
b
a
f x dx
Ta cn k hiu: ( ) ( ) ( )
b
a
F x F b F a .
Vy:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
b
b
a
a
f x dx F x F b F a
Nhn xt:
+ Tch phn ca hm s f t a n b c
th k hiu l
( )
b
a
f x dx
hay
( )
b
a
f t dt
. Tch
phn ch ph thuc vo hm f, cc cn
a, b m khng ph thuc vo bin s x hay
t.
+ Nu hm s f(x) lin tc v khng
m trn on [a; b] th
( )
b
a
f x dx
l din tch S ca hnh thang gii

hn bi th ca f(x), trc Ox v hai
ng thng x = a; x = b. (H 47 a, trang
102)
Vy : S =
( )
b
a
f x dx
II. CC TNH CHT CA TCH PHN.

104
PHN.

Hot ng 3 :
Hy chng minh cc tnh cht 1, 2.
Gv gii thiu cho Hs vd 3, 4 (SGK,
trang 106, 107) Hs hiu r cc tnh
cht va nu.
III. PHNG PHP TNH TCH
PHN.
1. Phng php i bin s:
Hot ng 4 :
Cho tch phn I =
1
2
0
(2 1) x dx +
a/ Hy tnh I bng cch khai trin (2x +

1)
2
.
b/ t u = 2x + 1. Bin i (2x + 1)
2
dx
thnh g(u)du.
c/ Tnh:
(1)
(0)
( )
u
u
g u du
v so snh vi kt
qu cu a.
Gv gii thiu vi Hs ni dung nh l
sau:
Cho hm s f(x) lin tc trn on [a;
b]. Gi s hm s
x = (t) c o hm lin tc trn on
[; ] sao cho () = a; () = b v a
(t) b vi mi t thuc [; ] . Khi :
'
( ) ( ( )). ( )
b
a
f x dx f t t dt

trang 108) Hs hiu r nh l va nu.
Ch :
b]. tnh
( )
b
a
f x dx
ta chn hm s u =
u(x) lm bin mi, vi u(x) lin tc trn
[a; b] v u(x) thuc [; ]. Ta bin i
f(x) = g(u(x)).u(x).
Khi ta c:
Tho lun
nhm
chng minh
cc tnh cht
1, 2.
+ Tnh cht 1:
( ) ( )
b b
a a
kf x dx k f x dx

+ Tnh cht 2:
[ ( ) ( )] ( ) ( )
b b b
a a a
f x g x dx f x dx g x dx t t

+ Tnh cht 3:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
b c b
a a c
f x dx f x dx f x dx a c b + < <

III. PHNG PHP TNH TCH PHN.
1. Phng php i bin s:
Cho hm s f(x) lin tc trn on [a; b].
Gi s hm s
x = (t) c o hm lin tc trn on [;
] sao cho () = a; () = b v a (t)
b vi mi t thuc [; ] . Khi :
'
( ) ( ( )). ( )
b
a
f x dx f t t dt

Ch :
b]. tnh
( )
b
a
f x dx
ta chn hm s u =
u(x) lm bin mi, vi u(x) lin tc trn
[a; b] v u(x) thuc [; ]. Ta bin i f(x)
= g(u(x)).u(x).
Khi ta c:
( )
b
a
f x dx
=
( )
( )
( )
u b
u a
g u du
105
( )
b
a
f x dx
=
( )
( )
( )
u b
u a
g u du

trang 108) Hs hiu r nh l va nu.
2. Phng php tnh tch phn tng phn:
Hot ng 5 :
a/ Hy tnh
( 1)
x
x e dx +
bng phng
php nguyn hm tng phn.
b/ T , hy tnh:
1
0
( 1)
x
x e dx +
Gv gii thiu vi Hs ni dung nh l

sau:
Nu u = u(x) v v = v(x) l hai hm s
c o hm lin tc trn on [a; b] th
' '
( ) ( ) ( ( ) ( )) ( ) ( )
b b
b
a
a a
u x v x dx u x v x u x v x dx

Hay
b b
b
a
a a
u dv uv v du

trang 110, 111) Hs hiu r nh l va
nu.
Tho lun
nhm :
+ Tnh
( 1)
x
x e dx +

bng phng
php nguyn
hm tng
phn
+ Tnh:
1
0
( 1)
x
x e dx +
2. Phng php tnh tch phn tng phn:

Nu u = u(x) v v = v(x) l hai hm s c
o hm lin tc trn on [a; b] th
' '
( ) ( ) ( ( ) ( )) ( ) ( )
b b
b
a
a a
u x v x dx u x v x u x v x dx

Hay
b b
b
a
a a
u dv uv v du

V. Cng c:
+ Gv nhc li cc khi nim v quy tc trong bi Hs khc su kin thc.
+ Dn BTVN: 1..6 SGK, trang 112, 113.
TIT 54,55: BI TP TCH PHN
Ngy son:6.8.2008
I.Mc tiu bi hc
Qua bi hc,hc sinh cn nm c:
1.V kin thc
- Hiu v nh cng thc i bin s v cng thc tch phn tng phn
- Bit 2 phng php tnh tch phn c bn l phng php i bin s v phng php tch
phn tng phn
2.V k nng
- Vn dng thnh tho v linh hot 2 phng php ny gii cc bi ton tnh tch phn
- Nhn dng bi ton tnh tch phn,t c th tng qut ho dng ton tng ng.
3V t duy, thi
- Tch cc, ch ng,c lp, sng to
- Bit quy l v quen
- bit nhn xt nh gi bi lm ca bn
- T duy lgic v lm vic c h thng
II.Chun b phng tin dy hc
1.Chun b ca gio vin
106
Gio n,phn bng, dng dy hc cn thit khc
2.Chun b ca hc sinh
Ngoi dng hc tp cn thit,cn c:
- Kin thc c v nguyn hm,ng ngha tch phn,v hai phng php tnh tch phn
- Giy nhp v MTBT,cc dng hc tp khc
III.Phng php ging dy
Ch yu l vn p gi m,kt hp vi cc hot ng t duy ca hc sinh.
IV.Tin trnh bi hc
1. n nh t chc lp,kim tra s s
2.Kim tra bi c
Cu 1: Hy trnh by phng php i bin s
Cu 2: Hy nu cng thc tnh tch phn tng phn
Gio vin:
- Cho HS nhn xt cu tr li ca bn,chnh sa,b sung(nu cn thit)
- Nhn xt cu tr li ca hc sinh,nh gi v cho im
- Mc tiu ca bi hc mi
3.Bi mi
Bi tp tch phn
H1:Luyn tp v cng thc i bin s
Tnh cc tch phn sau:
a) I =
3
0
1 x dx +
b) J =
6
0
(1 3 ) sin3 cos x xdx
c) K =
2
2
0
4 x dx
Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh

-Giao nhim v cho hc sinh
-Theo di hc sinh lm vic,gi y cho HS
nu cn thit
-Cho HS nhn dng v nu cch gii quyt
cho tng cu
- Nu cch gii khc (nu c)
- Nu dng tng qut v cch gii
-Nhn nhim v, suy ngh v lm vic trn giy
nhp
-Tr li cu hi ca GV:
a)t u(x) = x+1
u(0) = 1, u(3) = 4
Khi
I =
4
4 4 1 3
4
2 2
1
1 1
1
2 2 2 14
(8 1)
3 3 3 3
udu u du u u u

b)t u(x) = 1 cos3x
(0) 0, ( ) 1
6
u u

Khi J =
1
1 2
0 0
1
3 6 6
u u
du
c)t u(x) = 2sint,

,
2 2
t

1

1
]
.Khi

K =
2 2
2 2
0 0
2
2
0
0
4 4sin 2cos 4cos
2 (1 2 ) (2 sin 2 )
t tdt tdt
cos t dt t t

+ +

107
H2: Luyn tp tnh tch phn tng phn
Tnh cc tch phn sau
1. I
1
=
2
0
(2 1) cos x xdx
2. I
2
=
2
1
ln
e
x xdx
3. I
3
=
1
2
0
x
x e dx

Ghi li cng thc tnh tch phn tng
phn m hs tr li trn

b b
b
a
a a
udv uv vdu

-Giao nhim v cho hc sinh
-Cho hc sinh nhn dng bi ton trn v nu
cch gii tng ng
-Gi hc sinh gii trn bng
Theo di cc hc sinh khc lm vic,nh
hng,gi khi cn thit
-Nhn xt bi gii ca hc sinh,chnh sa
v a ra bi gii ng
-Nu cch gii tng qut cho cc bi ton trn
-Nhn nhim v v suy ngh tm ra cch gii quyt
bi ton
1.t
2 1 2
cos sin
u x du dx
dv xdx v x

' '

. Khi :
I
1
=
2
2 2
0 0
0
(2 1)sin 2 2 sin 1 2cos 3 x x xdx x
2.t
2 3
ln
3
dx
du
u x
x
dv x dx x
v
' '
Khi
I
2
=
3 3 3 3 3 3
2
1 1 1
1 1 2 1
ln
3 3 3 9 3 9 9
e e
e
x e x e e e
x x dx
+

3.t
2
2
x x
du xdx u x
v e dv e dx

' '

Khi
I
3
=
1
1
2
0
0
2 2
x x
x e xe dx e J
vi
1
0
x
J xe dx
(Tnh J tng t nh I
3
)
H3: Cng c bi
- T bi ton 1,a ra cch gii chung nht cho
bi ton tch phn dng php i bin
Kiu 1: t t = u(x), vi tch phn c dng
( ( )). '( )
b
a
f u x u x dx
Kiu 2: t x = u(t) vi tch phn c dng

2 2
( , )
b
a
f x m x dx
hay
2 2
1
( , )
b
a
f x dx
x m +
,v.v....
- T bi ton 2,a ra mt s dng tng qut c
th trc tip dng tch phn tng phn
1.
( )sin
b
a
f x kxdx
hay
( ) cos
b
a
f x kxdx
2.
( )
b
kx
a
f x e dx
3.
( ) ln
b
k
a
f x xdx
,v.v.....
-Lnh hi kin thc,v ghi bi
-a ra cch i bin, i cn
-t x= msint,
,
2 2
t

1

1
]
x=mtant,
,
2 2
t

_

,

t
( ) ( )
sin cos
u f x u f x
hay
dv kxdx dv kxdx

' '

t
( )
kx
u f x
dv e dx

'
108
t
ln
( )
k
u x
dv f x dx

'
V.Hng dn hc nh v bi tp v nh
1.Xem lai cch gii cc bi ton gii,cch gii tng qut v lm cc bi tp cn li trong SGK
2.Tnh cc tch phn sau:
1.
1
2
0
ln(1 ) x x dx +
2. ( )
1
2
0
ln 1 x dx +
3.
1
sin(ln )
e
x dx
4.
2
4
0
sin x xdx
5.
3
7 4
0
x
e dx
+
6.
ln 2
0
1
x
e dx
7.
2
2 2
1
4 x x dx
Trng THPT Hunh Thc Khng

Gio n 12 chng trnh chun
NG DNG HNH HC CA TCH PHN
(3 TIT)
I. Mc tiu:
1. V kin thc:
- Vit v gii thch c cng thc din tch hnh phng gii hn bi th hm s y = f(x) v
trc Ox, cc ng thng x = a, x = b. Hnh phng gii hn bi cc th hm s y = f(x), y =
g(x) v cc ng thng x = a, x = b.
- Nm c cng thc th tch ca mt vt th ni chung
- Nm c cng thc th tch khi trn xoay, cng thc ca khi nn, khi nn ct, khi tr
trn xoay trong trng hp vt th quay xung quanh trc Ox
2. V k nng:
- p dng c cng thc tnh din tch hnh phng, thit lp c cng thc tnh th tch khi
chp, khi nn v khi nn ct
- ng dng c tch phn tnh c th tch ni chung v th tch khi trn xoay ni ring
3. V t duy, thi :
- Thy c ng dng rng ri ca tch phn trong vic tnh din tch, th tch
- Hc sinh c thi tch cc, sng to trong hc tp
II. Chun b:
1. Gio vin: Phiu hc tp, bng ph cc hnh v SGK
2. Hc sinh: Lm bi tp v hc l thuyt v tch phn, c ni dung bi mi
III. Tin trnh bi dy:
109
1. n nh: Kim tra s s, tc phong
2. Kim tra bi c: Tnh
( )
+
2
1
2
. 2 3 dx x x I

3. Bi mi:
Tit 1:
H1: Tip cn cng thc tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi ng cong v trc
honh
HTP 1: Xy dng cng
thc
- Cho hc sinh tin hnh
hot ng 1 SGK
- GV treo bng ph hnh
v 51, 52 SGK
- GV t vn nghin
cu cch tnh din tch
hnh phng gii hn bi
th hm s y = f(x),
trc Ox v cc ng
thng x = a, x = b.
- GV gii thiu 3 trng
hp:
+ Nu hm y = f(x) lin
tc v khng m trn
[ ] b a;
. Din tch S ca
hnh phng gii hn bi
th ca f(x), trc Ox
v cc ng thng x = a,
x = b l:
b
a
dx x f S ) (
+ Nu hm y = f(x) 0
trn
[ ] b a;
. Din tch

b
a
dx x f S )) ( (
+ Tng qut:
b
a
dx x f S ) (
HTP2: Cng c cng
thc
- Gv a ra v d 1 SGK,
hng dn hc sinh thc
hin
- Gv pht phiu hc tp
s 1
+ Phn nhm, yu cu Hs
thc hin
- Tin hnh gii hot
ng 1
- Hs suy ngh
- Gii v d 1 SGK
- Tin hnh hot ng
nhm
I. Tnh din tch hnh phng
1. Hnh phng gii hn bi ng
cong v trc honh
Din tch hnh phng gii hn bi
th hm s y = f(x) lin tc, trc Ox
v cc ng thng x = a, x = b c
tnh theo cng thc:
b
a
dx x f S ) (
V d 1: SGK
V d 2: Tnh din tch hnh phng
gii hn bi Parabol
2 3
2
+ x x y

v trc honh Ox .
Bi gii
Honh giao im ca Parabol
2 3
2
+ x x y
v trc honh Ox l
nghim ca phng trnh
+
2
1
0 2 3
2
1 2
x
x
x x .
110
( )
... 2
2
3
3
. 2 3
2
1
2 3
2
1
2
1
]
1
+
+
x
x x
dx x x S
H2: Tip cn cng thc tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi 2 ng cong
HTP 1: Xy dng cng
thc
- GV treo bng ph hnh
v 54 SGK
- GV t vn nghin
cu cch tnh din tch
hnh phng gii hn bi
th hm s y = f
1
(x), v
y = f
2
(x) v hai ng
thng x = a, x = b
- T cng thc tnh din
tch ca hnh thang cong
suy ra c din tch ca
hnh phng trn c tnh
bi cng thc

b
a
dx x f x f S ) ( ) (
2 1
HTP2: Cng c cng
thc
- Gv hng dn hc sinh
gii vd2, vd3 SGK
- Gv pht phiu hc tp s
2
+ Phn nhm, yu cu Hs
thc hin
+ Treo bng ph, trnh
by cch gii bi tp
trong phiu hc tp s 2
- Theo di hnh v
- Hs lnh hi v ghi nh
- Theo di, thc hin
- Hs tin hnh gii di
s nh hng ca gio
vin.
- Hs tho lun theo nhm
v tin hnh gii.
Honh giao im ca 2
ng cho l nghim
ca ptrnh
x
2
+ 1 = 3 x
x
2
+ x 2 = 0
2
1
x
x
2. Hnh phng gii hn bi hai
ng cong
Cho hai hm s y = f
1
(x) v y = f
2
(x)
lin tc trn
[ ] b a;
. Gi D l hnh
phng gii hn bi th hai hm s
v cc ng thng x = a, x = b
trong hnh 54 th din tch ca hnh
phng c tnh theo cng thc

b
a
dx x f x f S ) ( ) (
2 1
Lu : tnh S ta thc hin theo
cc cch
Cch 1: Chia khong, xt du biu
thc f
1
(x) f
2
(x) ri kh du tr tuyt
i
Cch 2: Tm nghim ca phng
trnh f
1
(x) f
2
(x) = 0. Gi s ptrnh
c 2 nghim c, d (c < d) thuc
[ ] b a;

th:
( )
( )
( )
+
+

+
+

b
d
d
c
c
a
b
d
d
c
c
a
dx x f x f
dx x f x f
dx x f x f
dx x f x f
dx x f x f
dx x f x f S
) ( ) (
) ( ) (
) ( ) (
) ( ) (
) ( ) (
) ( ) (
2 1
2 1
2 1
2 1
2 1
2 1
111
2
9
... ) 2 (
) 3 ( 1
1
2
2
1
2
2
+
+
dx x x
x x S
Tit 2:
2. Kim tra bi c: Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi (P)
2
x y
v
x y
.
3. Bi mi:
H1: Hng dn hc sinh chim lnh cng thc tnh th tch vt th
- Gio vin t vn
nh SGK v thng bo
cng thc tnh th tich
vt th (treo hnh v
chun b ln bng)
- Hng dn Hs gii vd4
SGK
- Hs gii quyt vn a
ra di s nh hng ca
gio vin
- Thc hin theo s
hng dn ca gio vin
II. Tnh th tch
1. Th tch ca vt th
Mt vt th V gii hn bi 2 mp (P)
v (Q). Chn h trc to c Ox
vung gc vi (P) v (Q). Gi a, b (a
< b) l giao im ca (P) v (Q) vi
Ox. Gi mt mp ty vung gc vi
Ox ti x (
[ ] b a x ;
) ct V theo thit
din c din tch l S(x). Gi s S(x)
lin tc trn
[ ] b a;
. Khi th tch
ca vt th V c tnh bi cng thc
b
a
dx x S V ) (
H2: Hng dn Hs hnh thnh cng thc th tch khi chp v khi chp ct
- Xt khi nn (khi
chp) nh A v din tch
y l S, ng cao AI =
h. Tnh din tch S(x) ca
thit din ca khi chp
(khi nn) ct bi mp
song song vi y? Tnh
tch phn trn.
- i vi khi chp ct,
nn ct gii hn bi mp
y c honh AI
0
= h
0
v AI
1
= h
1
(h
0
< h
1
). Gi
S
0
v S
1
ln lt l din
tch 2 mt y tng ng.
Vit cng thc tnh th
tch ca khi chp ct
ny.
- Cng c cng thc:
+ Gio vin pht phiu
hc tp s 3: Tnh th tch
ca vt th nm gia 2
mp x = 3 v x = 5, bit
rng thit din ca vt th
b ct bi mp vung gc
2
2
. ) (
h
x
S x S
Do , th tch ca khi
chp (khi nn) l:
3
.
.
0
2
2
h S
dx
h
x
S V
h

- Hs tin hnh gii quyt

vn a ra di s
nh hng ca gio vin.
Th tch ca khi chp
ct (nn ct) l:
( )
1 1 0 0
.
3
S S S S
h
V + +
- Hs gii bi tp di s
nh hng ca gio vin
theo nhm
- Hs tnh c din tch
2. Th tch khi chp v khi chp
ct
* Th tch khi chp:
3
.
.
0
2
2
h S
dx
h
x
S V
h

* Th tch khi chp ct:

( )
1 1 0 0
.
3
S S S S
h
V + +
112
vi Ox ti im c honh
x (
[ ] 5 ; 3 x
) l mt
hnh ch nht c di
cc cnh l 2x, 9
2
x
Yu cu Hs lm vic theo
nhm
- Gv yu cu Hs trnh by
- nh gi bi lm v
chnh xc ho kt qu
ca thit din l:
9 . 2 ) (
2
x x x S
- Do th tch ca vt
th l:
3
128
... 9 . 2
) (
5
3
2
5
3

dx x x
dx x S V
- Thc hin theo yu cu
ca gio vin
- Cc nhm nhn xt bi
lm trn bng
Tit 3:
2. Bi mi:
H1: Hng dn hc sinh chim lnh cng thc tnh th tch khi trn xoay
- Gio vin nhc li khi
nim khi trn xoay: Mt
mp quay quanh mt trc
no to nn khi trn
xoay
+ Gv nh hng Hs tnh
th tch khi trn xoay
(treo bng ph trnh by
hnh v 60SGK). Xt bi
ton cho hm s y = f(x)
lin tc v khng m trn
[ ] b a;
. Hnh phng gii
hn bi th y = f(x),
trc honh v ng
thng x = a, x = b quay
quanh trc Ox to nn
khi trn xoay.
Tnh din tch S(x) ca
thit din khi trn xoay
ct bi mp vung gc vi
trc Ox? Vit cng thc
tnh th tch ca khi trn
xoay ny.
- Thit din khi trn
xoay ct bi mp vung
gc vi Ox l hnh trn c
bn knh y = f(x) nn din
tch ca thit din l:
) ( . ) (
2
x f x S
Suy ra th tch ca khi
trn xoay l:
b
a
dx x f V ) ( .
2
III. Th tch khi trn xoay

1. Th tch khi trn xoay
b
a
dx x f V ) ( .
2
2. Th tch khi cu bn knh R

3
3
4
R V
H2: Cng c cng thc
- Gv hng dn Hs gii
vd5, vd6 SGK
- Chia nhm hc sinh,
yu cu Hs lm vic theo
nhm gii vd
+ i vi cu a) Gv
hng dn Hs v hnh
cho d hnh dung
- Di s nh hng ca
gio vin Hs hnh thnh
cng thc tnh th tch
khi cu v gii vd5 SGK
- Tin hnh lm vic theo
nhm.
V d: Tnh th tch vt trn xoay to
thnh khi quay hnh phng (H) xc
nh bi cc ng sau quanh trc
Ox
a)
2 3
3
1
x x y
, y = 0, x = 0 v x = 3
b)
x e y
x
cos .
, y = 0, x =
2
, x =
Gii:
113
+ nh gi bi lm v
chnh xc ho kt qu
- i din cc nhm ln
trnh by v nhn xt bi
lm ca nhm khc

35
81
3
2
9
3
1
3
0
4 5
6
3
0
2
2 3
,
_
,
_
dx x x
x
dx x x V
b)
( )
) . 3 (
8
...
2 cos .
2
.
2
cos .
2
2 2
2
2 2
2 2

e e
xdx e dx e
dx x e V
x x
x

+
IV. Cng c:
1. Gio vin hng dn hc sinh n li kin thc trng tm ca bi hc
2. Nhc li cng thc tnh th tch ca mt vt th ni chung t suy ra cng thc ca
th tch khi chp, khi nn
3. Nhc li cng thc tnh th tch khi trn xoay
Bi tp v nh:
- Gii cc bi tp SGK
- Bi tp lm thm:
1. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng sau
a)
3 3 5 , 0 , 1 , 0
2 4
+ + x x y y x x
.
b)
3 , 1
2
+ + y x x y
.
c)
x y x y 3 , 2
2
+
.
d)
0 , 4
2
y x x y
.
e)
e x y x y , 0 , ln
.
f)
8 , 1 ,
3
x y y x
.
2. Tnh din tch ca hnh phng gii hn bi Parabol
2 2
2
+ x x y
tip tuyn vi n ti
im M(3;5) v trc tung .
3. Tnh th tch ca vt th trn xoay, sinh bi mi hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng sau
y khi n quay xung quanh trc Ox .
a)
4
, 0 , 0 , cos

x x y x y
.
b)
x x y x y , 0 , 0 , sin
2
.
c)
1 , 0 , 0 ,
2
x x y xe y
x
.

Trng THPT Hunh Thc Khng BI TP NG DNG TCH PHN
Ngy son : 06/8/2008
S tit:2

I/ MC TIU:
1.V kin thc:
Nm c cng thc tnh din tch,th tch nh tch phn
114
Bit c mt s dng th ca nhng hm s quen thuc chuyn bi ton tnh
din tch v th tch theo cng thc tnh dng tch phn
2.V k nng:
Bit tnh c din tch mt s hnh phng,th tch mt s khi nh tch phn
3.V thi :
Rn luyn cho hc sinh tnh cn thn chnh xc v thi quen kim ta li bi ca hc
sinh
Bit qui l v quen,bit nhn xt nh gi bi lm ca bn
C tinh thn hp tc trong hc tp
II/CHUN B CA GIO VIN V HC SINH
+Gio vin:Gio n,bng ph,phiu hc tp
+Hc sinh :Sch gio khoa,kin thc v cng thc tnh tch phn,v bi tp chun
b nh
III/PHNG PHP:
Gi m,vn p,gii quyt vn ,hot ng nhm
IV/TIN TRNH T CHC BI DY:
1. n nh t chc:Kim tra s s hs
2. Kim tra bi c:kim tra an xen vo bi tp
3. Bi mi:
*Tit1
H1:Ba ton tm din tch gii hn bi mt ng cong v trc honh

10
+Nu cng thc tnh
din tch gii hn bi
th hm s
y=f(x),lin tc ,trc
honh v 2 ng
x=a,x=b
+Tnh S gii hn bi
y =x
3
-x,trc ox,thng
x=-1,x=1
+ +Gv cho hs ln bng
gii,hs di lp t gii
nhn xt
+Hs tr li
+Hs vn dng cng thc
tnh
HS m du gi tr tuyt
i tnh tch phn
S=
( )
b
a
f x dx
1
3
1
x xdx
-
-
=
0 1
3 3
1 0
( ) ( ) x x dx x x dx
-
- - -

=1/2

H2:Bi ton tm din tch gii hn bi hai ng cong

115
10
+Nu cng thc tnh
din tch gii hn bi
thi hm s
y=f(x),y=g(x) v 2
ng thng x=a,x=b
+Gv cho hs tnh cu 1a
sgk
+GVv hnh minh ho
trn bng ph hs
thy r
+Gv cho hs nhn xt v
cho im
+Gv gi hs gii bi
tp 1b,c tng t
Hs tr li
Hs tm pt honh giao
im
Sau p dng cng thc
tnh din tch

S=
( ) ( )
b
a
f x g x dx -
PTHG
x
2
=x+2
2
2 0
2
1
x x
x
x
- - =
=-
S=
2 2
2 2
1 1
2 ( 2) x x dx x x dx
- -
- - = - -

=9/2(vdt)
H3:Bi ton lin quan n tm din tch hai ng cong

10
+GV gi hs gii cu 2
sgk
+GVv hnh minh ho
trn bng ph hs
thy r
+Gv cho hs nhn xt
+Hs vit pttt ta im
M(2;5)
+Hs p dng cong thc
tnh din tch hnh phng
cn tm
Hs ln bng tnh

Pttt:y-5=4(x-2)
y=4x-3
S=
2
2
0
( 1 (4 3)) x x dx + - -
=
2
2
0
( 4 4) x x dx - +
=8/3(vdt)
H4:Gio vin tng kt li mt s bi ton v din tch

10
+Gv pht phiu hoc tp
cho hs gii theo nhm
+Gv cho cc nhm
nhn xt sau nh
gi tng kt
+Gv treo kt qa
bng ph
+Hs gii v mi nhm
ln bng trnh by

Kt qu
a. 9/8
b. 17/12
c. 4/3
d.
4
(4 3)
3
p+

Cng c hng dn lm bi tp nh:(5)
Gv hng dn hc sinh gii bi tp 3 sgk v dn d hs gii cc bi tp v th tch khi
trn xoay
*Tit 2:
n nh t chc:Kim tra s s hs
Bi mi:
116
H5: Bi ton tnh th tch khi trn xoay

15
+Nu cng thc tnh th
tch khi trn xoay sinh
ra bi hnh phng gii
hn bi cc ng
y =f(x); y=0;x=a;x=b
quay quanh trc ox
+Gv cho hs gii bi tp
4a
+Gv gi hs gii bi4c
tng t
+Hs tr li
+Hs vn dng ln bng
trnh by
a. PTHG
1-x
2
=
x=1hoc x=-1
V=
1
2 2
1
(1 ) x dx p
-
-
=
16
15
p
b. V=
2
0
os . c x dx
p
p
=
2
2
p

V=
2
( )
b
a
f x dx p
* Tnh th tch khi trn xoay sinh

ra bi
a. y =1-x
2
;y=0
b. y =cosx ;y=0 ;x= 0 ;x=
p

H6: Bi ton lin quan n tnh th tch khi trn xoay

15
+Gv gi hs xem hnh
v dn dt hs tnh c
th tch khi trn xoay
+Gv gi hs tm
GTLN ca V theo
a
+Gv gi t t= cos
a

vi t
1
;1
2

+Hs lp c cng thc
theo hng dn ca gv
+Hs tnh c din tch
tam gic vung OMP.Sau
p dng cng thc
tnh th tch
+Hs nu cch tm GTLN
v p dung tm

Btp 5(sgk)
a. V=
os
2 2
0
tan .
Rc
x dx
a
p a
=
3
3
( os -cos )
3
R
c
p
a a
b.MaxV(
a
)=
3
2 3
27
R p

H7:Gv cho hc sinh gii bi tp theo nhm bi ton v th tch khi trn xoay

10
+Gv pht phiu hoc tp
cho hs gii theo nhm
+Gv cho cc nhm
nhn xt sau nh
gi tng kt
+Gv treo kt qa
bng ph
Hs gii v mi nhm ln
bng trnh by

a.
16
15
p
b. ( 2)
8
p
p-
c.
2
2 (ln 2 1) p -
d.
64
15
p
117

4.Cng c v dn d: (5)
. Hc sinh cn nm vng cng thc tnh din tch v th tch khi trn xoay hc
gii cc bi ton tnh din tch v th tch
. Hc sinh v nh xem li cc bi tp gii v gii cc bi tp 319-324 trang 158-
159 sch bi tp
V/ PH LC
1.Phiu hc tp
* Phiu hc tp 1:Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng
a. y =x
2
-2x+2 v y =-x
2
-x+3
b. y=x
3
;y =2-x
2
v x=0
c. y =x
2
-4x+3 v trc 0x
d. y
2
=6x v x
2
+y
2
=16

*Phiu hc tp 2:Tnh th tch cc khi trn xoay khi quay hnh phng xc nh bi
a.y=2x-x
2
;y=0
b.y=sinx;y=0;x=0;x=
4
p
c. y=lnx;y=0;x=1;x=2
d. y=x
2
;y=2x quay quanh trc ox
2.Bng ph
KIN THC C BN
1.Din tch ca hnh phng gii hn bi th ca hm s f(x)lin tc,trc honh
v hai ng thng x=a,x=b l:
S=
( )
b
a
f x dx

2.Hai hm s f(x) v g(x) lin tc trn on [a;b].Din tch hnh phng gii hn bi
hai th hm s v cc ng thng x=a;x=b l:
S=
( ) ( )
b
a
f x g x dx -
3.Th tch vt trn xoay sinh ra bi hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng

y=f(x) ;y=0;x=a;x=b quay quanh trc 0x

V=
2
( )
b
a
f x dx p

Trng THPT Phan Chu Trinh.
118
N TP CHNG III.( 2 Tit).
I.Mc tiu:
Hc sinh bit :
H thng kin thc chng 3 v cc dng bi c bn trong chng.
Cng c, nng cao v rn luyn k nng tnh tch phn v ng dng tnh tch phn
tm din tch hnh phng, th tch cc vt th trn xoay.
Gio dc tnh cn thn, cht ch, logic.
II . Chun b
Gio vin : Son bi, chun b bng ph h thng ho li cc kin thc c bn ca chng v
xem li gio n trc gi ln lp.
Hc sinh: Son bi v gii bi tp trc khi n lp, ghi li nhng vn cn trao i.
III.Phng php:
+Gi m nu vn kt hp vi hot ng nhm.
IV.Tin trnh bi hc:
*Tit 1: n tp nguyn hm v phng php tnh nguyn hm tng phn.
1/.n nh lp, kim din s s:
2/.Km tra bi c:Pht biu nh ngha nguyn hm ca hm s f(x) trn tng khong. Nu
phng php tnh nguyn hm.( Gio vin treo bng ph h thng kin thc v bng cc
nguyn hm).
3/.Bi tp:
Tg Hot ng ca
gio vin
Hot ng ca hc sinh Ghi bng.
H1:Tm nguyn
hm ca hm
s( p dng cc
cng thc trong
bng cc nguyn
hm).
+Gio vin ghi
bi tp trn bng
v chia nhm:(T
1,2 lm cu 1a; T
3,4 lm cu 1b:
trong thi gian 3
pht).
+Cho hc sinh
xung phong ln
bng trnh by li
gii
+Hc sinh tin hnh tho
lun v ln bng trnh by.
a/.
f(x)= sin4x(
2
4 cos 1 x +
)
=
x x 8 sin
4
1
4 sin .
2
1
+
.
+Hc sinh gii thch v
phng php lm ca mnh.
Bi 1.Tm nguyn hm ca hm s:
a/.f(x)= sin4x. cos
2
2x.
S:
C x x + 8 cos
32
1
4 cos
8
1
.
b/.
( )
x
e
x
e
e x f
x
x
x
2 2
cos
1
2
cos
2 +
,
_
( ) C x e x F
x
+ + tan 2
.
H 2: S dng
phng php i
bin s vo bi
ton tm nguyn
hm.
+Yu cu hc sinh
nhc li phng
php i bin s.
+Gio vin gi
hc sinh ng ti
ch nu tng
li gii v ln
+Hc sinh nu tng:
a/.Ta c:
( )
x
x
2
1 +
=
2 / 1
2
1 2
x
x x + +
=
2 / 1 2 / 1 2 / 3
2

+ + x x x .
b/.t t= x
3
+5
dt dx x
dx x dt
3
1
3
2
2

Bi 2.Tnh:
a/.
( )
+
dx
x
x
2
1
.
S:
C x x x + + +
2 / 1 2 / 3 2 / 5
2
3
4
5
2
.
b/.
( )
( )
( ) C x x
x d
x
dx x x
+ + +
+
+
+
5 5
9
2
3
5
5
5
3 3
3
2
1
3
3 2
119
bng trnh by li
gii.
+i vi biu
thc di du tch
phn c cha cn,
thng thng ta
lm g?.
+(sinx+cosx)
2
, ta
bin i nh th
no c th p
dng c cng
thc nguyn hm.
*Gio vin gi
hc sinh i bin
s.
hoc t t= 5
3
+ x
(sinx+cosx)
2
=1+2sinx.cosx
=1+siu2x
hoc: 2.
)
4
( sin
2

+ x
hoc: 2.
)
4
( cos
2

x
c/.
( )
+
dx
x x
2
cos sin
1
S:
C x + )
4
tan(
2
1
.
H 3:S dng
phng php
nguyn hm tng
phn vo gii
ton.
+Hy nu cng
thc nguyn hm
tng phn.
+Ta t u theo th
t u tin no.
+Cho hc sinh
xung phong ln
bng trnh by li
gii.
H 4: S dng
phng php ng
nht cc h s
tm nguyn hm
ca hm s phn
thc v tm hng
s C.
+yu cu hc sinh
nhc li phng
php tm cc h s
A,B.
+Nhc li cch
tm nguyn hm
ca hm s
dx
b ax
+
1
+Gio vin hng
dn li cho hc
sinh.
+

vdu uv dv u.
.
+Hm lgarit, hm lu, hm
m, hm lng gic.
+t u= 2-x, dv=sinxdx
Ta c:du=-dx, v=-cosx
xdx x sin ) 2 (
=(2-x)(-cosx)-
xdx cos
+Hc sinh trnh by li
phng php.
+
dx
b ax
+
1
=
C b ax
a
+ + | | ln
1
.
+Hc sinh ln bng trnh by
li gii.
x
B
x
A
x x
+
+
+ 2 1 ) 2 )( 1 (
1
ng nht cc h s tm
c A=B= 1/3.
Bi 3.Tnh:
xdx x sin ) 2 (
S:(x-2)cosx-sinx+C.
Bi 4: Tm mt nguyn hm F(x) ca
f(x)=
) 2 )( 1 (
1
x x +
bit F(4)=5.
S: F(x)=
2
5
ln
3
1
5
2
1
ln
3
1
+
+
x
x
.
4/.n tp cng c:
120
+Yu cu hc sinh nhc li phng php tm nguyn hm ca mt s hm s thng gp.
+Gio vin hng dn hc sinh lm mt s bi tp cn li v nh cho hc sinh.
*Tit 2:n tp tch phn, phng php .
1/.n nh lp ,kim din s s.
2/.Kim tra bi c:
Hy nu nh ngha v cc tnh cht ca tch phn. Phng php tnh tch phn. ng dng tch
phn vo tnh din tch hnh phng v th tch ca vt th trn xoay.
*
( ) ( ) [ ] ( ) ( ) a F b F x F dx x f
b
a
b
a

.
3/.Bi tp:
Tg Hot ng ca gio
vin
Hot ng ca hc sinh Ghi bng
H 1:S dng
phng php i
bin s vo tnh tch
phn.
+Gio vin yu cu
hc sinh nhc li
phng php i
bin s.
+Yu cu hc sinh
lm vic theo nhm
cu 1a,1b,1c
+Gio vin cho hc
sinh nhn xt tnh
ng sai ca li
gii.
+Hc sinh nhc li phng php
i bin.
+Hc sinh lm vic tch cc
theo nhm v i din nhm ln
bng trnh by li gii ca mnh.
1a/.t
t= x t x + + 1 1
2
ta c: dx= 2tdt.
i cn:x=0 th t=1
x=3 th t=2
2
0
3
2
0
2
2
0
2 3
0
| ) 2
3
2
( ) 1 ( 2
2 ) 1 (
1
t t dt t
t
tdt t
dx
x
x

Bi 5. Tnh:
a/.
+
3
0
1
dx
x
x
S:8/3.
b/.
+ +
1
0
2
2 3x x
xdx
S:
8
9
ln
.
c/.
0
. 2 sin 1 dx x
S: 2 2 .
H 2:S dng
phng php tch
phn tng phn
tnh tch phn.
+Yu cu hc sinh
nhc li phng
php tnh tch phn
theo phng php
tch phn tng phn.
+Gio vin cho hc
sinh ng ti ch
nu phng php
t i vi cu a, b.
+Hc sinh nhc li cng thc

b
a
b
a
b
a
vdu uv udv |
.
a/.t u=lnx, dv=x
-1/2
dx
ta c: du= dx/x; v= 2.x
1/2
2
1
ln
e
dx
x
x
=
2
2
1
2 / 1
1
2 / 1
2 | ln 2
e
e
dx x x x
=4e-4x
1/2
|
2
1
e
=4.
b/.Khai trin,sau tnh tng
tch phn mt.
Bi 6:Tnh:
a/.
2
1
ln
e
dx
x
x
.
b/.
0
2
) sin ( dx x x
S:
2
5
3
3

+
H 3: ng dng
tch phn vo tnh
din tch hnh phng
v th tch ca vt
Bi 7:Tnh din tch hnh phng
gii hn bi :
y = e
x
, y = e
- x
, x = 1 .
Bi gii
121
th trn xoay.
+Yu cu hc sinh
nu phng php
tnh din tch hnh
phng gii hn b
y= f(x), y= g(x),
ng thng
x=a,x=b.
+Cho hc sinh ln
bng lm bi tp 7.
+Hy nu cng thc
tnh th tch ca vt
th trn xoay sinh
bi th (C):
y= f(x) v ng
thng: x=a,x=b,
quay quanh trc Ox.
+Gio vin yu cu
hc sinh ln bng
trnh by .
+Gio vin cho hc
sinh chnh xc ho
li bi ton.
+Gii phng trnh: f(x)=g(x)
+Din tch hnh phng:
S=

b
a
dx x g x f | ) ( ) ( |
.
+Hc sinh tr li.
2
1
2
dx y V
+Hc sinh ln bng trnh by v
gii thch cch lm ca mnh.
( )
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
ln
ln
xdx
dx x
dx y V
+Hc sinh tin hnh gii tch

phn theo phng php tch
phn tng phn.
Ta c :
2
1
1
0
+

e
e dx e e S
x x

Bi 8:Tnh th tch ca vt th
trn xoay sinh bi hnh phng
gii hn bi cc ng
0 , 2 , 1 , ln y x x x y
khi n
quay xung quanh trc Ox
S:

( )
( ) 1 2 ln 2 2 ln 2
ln
ln
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
+
xdx
dx x
dx y V

4/.n tp cng c:
+Yu cu hc sinh nu phng php gii ca mt s dng ton tch phn.
+Nu li phng php tnh din tch hnh phng v th tch tch ca vt th trn xoay.
+Gio vin hng dn hc sinh lm cc bi tp cn li.
*Ch : Dng bng ph cho c hai tit hc h thng cc cng thc v phng php
hc.
Trng THPT Nguyn Thi Bnh
Ngy son 05/08/2008
S tit 2
122
S PHC ( 2 tit )
I. Mc tiu:
1. Kin thc :
- Hiu c s phc , phn thc phn o ca n; hiu c ngha hnh hc ca khi nim
mun, s phc lin hp, hai s phc bng nhau.
2. K nng:
Bit biu din s phc trn mt phng to
-Xc nh c mun ca s phc , phn bit c phn thc v phn o ca s phc.
-Bit cch xc nh c iu kin hai s phc bng nhau.
3. T duy v thi :
+ T duy:
-Tm mt yu t ca s phc khi bit cc d kin cho trc.
-Bit biu din mt vi s phc dn n qu tch ca s phc khi bit c phn thc hoc
o.
+ Thi : nghim tc , hng th khi tip thu bi hc, tch cc hot ng.
II. Chun b:
1.Gio vin: Gio n , phiu hc tp, bng ph.
2.Hc sinh: sch gio khoa, dng hc tp
III. Phng php: Gi m,vn p,gii quyt vn ,an xen hot ng nhm.
IV. Tin trnh bi hc:
Tit 1
HOT NG
1.Kim tra bi c:
Gi mt hc sinh gii phng trnh bc hai sau
A. 0 6 5
2
+ x x B. 0 1
2
+ x
2.Bi mi:
HOT NG 2
Tip cn nh ngha s i
Tg Hot ng ca gio
vin
Hot ng ca
hc sinh
Vit bng
Nh trn phng
trnh 0 1
2
+ x v
nghim trn tp s
thc. Nhng trn tp
s phc th phng
trnh ny c nghim
hay khng ?
+ s tho phng trnh
1
2
x
gi l s i.
H: z = 2 + 3i c phi l
s phc khng ? Nu
phi th cho bit a v b
bng bao nhiu ?
+ Pht phiu hc tp 1:
+ z = a +bi l dng i
+ Nghe ging

+ Da vo nh
ngha tr li
Bi S PHC
1.S i:

2.nh ngha s phc:
*Biu thc dng a + bi ,
1 ; ,
2
i R b a
c
gi l mt s phc.
n v s phc z =a +bi:Ta ni a l phn s
123
1
2
i
s ca s phc. thc,b l phn s o
Tp hp cc s phc k hiu l C:
V d :z=2+3i
z=1+(- 3 i)=1- 3 i
Ch :
* z=a+bi=a+ib

HOT NG 3
Tip cn nh ngha hai s phc bng nhau
+ hai s phc z =
a+bi v z = c+di bng
nhau ta cn iu kin
g ?
+ Gv nhc li y .
+Em no nh ngha
c hai s phc bng
nhau ?
+Hy ch ra hng gii
v d trn?
+ S 5 c phi l s
phc khng ?
+Bng logic ton
tr li cu hi
ngay di lp.
+tr li cu hi
ngay di lp.
+ Ln bng gii v
d.
+Tr li cu hi
ngay di lp.
3:S phc bng nhau:
nh ngha:( SGK)
a+bi=c+di
'
d b
c a
V d:tm s thc x,y sao cho
2x+1 + (3y-2)i=x+2+(y+4)i
'
'
'
+
+ +
3
1
6 2
1
4 2 3
2 1 2
y
x
y
x
y y
x x
*Cc trng hp c bit ca s
phc:
+S a l s phc c phn o bng
0
a=a+0i
+S thc cng l s phc
+S phc 0+bi c gi l s
thun o:bi=0+bi;i=0+i
Tit 2
HOT NG 4
Tip cn nh ngha im biu din ca s phc
124
cho im M (a;b) bt
k,vi a, b thuc R.Ta
lun biu din c
im M trn h trc to
. Liu ta c biu din
c s phc z=a+bi
trn h trc khng v
biu din nh th no ?
+ im A v B c
biu din bi s phc
no?
+Nghe ging v
quan st.
+Da vo nh
ngha tr li
MathComposer 1.1.5
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M
a
b
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
5
x
y
4.Biu din hnh hc ca s
phc
nh ngha : (SGK)
V d :
+im A (3;-1)
c biu din s phc 3-i
+im B(-2;2)c biu din s
phc-2+2i .
HOT NG 5
Khc su biu din ca s phc:
+ Bng ph
+Hy biu din cc s
phc 2+i , 2 , 2-3i ln h
trc ta ?
+Nhn xt cc im biu
din trn ?
+quan st vo
bng ph tr
li.
+ ln bng v
im biu din
Math Composer 1. 1. 5
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A
B
C
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
5
x
y
Nhn xt :
+ Cc s phc c phn thc a nm
trn ng thng x = a.
+Cc s phc c phn o b nm
trn ng thng y= b.
125
HOT NG 6
Tip cn nh ngha Mun ca s phc
+Cho A(2;1)
5 OA
.
di ca vec t OA
c gi l mun ca s
phc c biu din bi
im A.
+Tng qut z=a+bi th
mun ca n bng bao
nhiu ?
+ S phc c mun bng
0 l s phc no ?
V
0 ; 0 0
2 2
+ b a b a
+Pht phiu hc tp 2
+quan st v tr
li.
+Tr li ngay
di lp
+Tr li ngay
di lp
+Tr li ngay
di lp
5. M un ca hai s phc :
nh ngha: (SGK)
Cho z=a+bi.
2 2
b a bi a z + +
V d:

13 ) 2 ( 3 2 3
2 2
+ i
HOT NG 7
Cng c nh ngha mun ca hai s phc
+Hy biu din hai s
phc sau trn mt phng
ta :
Z=3+2i ; z=3-2i
+Nhn xt biu din ca
hai s phc trn ?
+ Hai s phc trn gi l
hai s phc lin hp.
+ Nhn xt z v z
+ch hai s phc lin
hp th i xng qua
trc Ox v c mun
bng nhau.
+Hy l v d trn
+ Ln bng biu
din.
+ Quan st hnh
v hoc hoc
dng i s
tr li
+pht biu ngay
di lp
Math Composer 1. 1. 5 http: / / www. mathcomposer. com
A
B
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
5
x
y
6. S phc lin hp:
Cho z = a+bi. S phc lin hp
ca z l: bi a z
V d :
1. i z i z + 4 4
2. i z i z 7 5 7 5 +
Nhn xt:
* z z
*
z z
126
V.Cng c:
+ Hc sinh nm c nh ngha s phc , hai s phc bng nhau .
+ Biu din s phc v tnh c m un ca n.
+Hiu hai s phc bng nhau.
+Bi tp v nh: 1 6 trang 133 134
VI.Phc lc:
1.Phiu hc tp 1: Ghp mi ct tri vi mt ct phi
S phc Phn thc v phn o
1. i z 2 1
2.
i z
3. 3 z
4. i z 2 1+
A.
0 ; 3 b a
B.
1 ; 1 b a
C.
2 ; 1 b a
D.
2 ; 1 b a
E.
b a ; 0
2.Phiu hc tp 2:Tm s phc bit m un bng 1 v phn o bng 1
A. i z + 1 B. i z + 2 C. i z + 0 D. i z + 1
3.Bng ph: Da vo hnh v hy in vo ch trng.
Math Composer 1. 1. 5
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A
B
C
D
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
5
x
y
1. im..biu din cho 2 i
2. im..biu din cho 0 + i
3. im..biu din cho 2 + i
4. im..biu din cho 3 + 2i
Trng THPT Nguyn Thi Bnh
Ngy son 04/08/2008
S tit: 1 BI TP S PHC
I.Mc tiu:
+ Kin thc:
-Hiu c khi nim s phc,phn bit phn thc phn o ca mt s phc.
-Bit biu din mt s phc trn mt phng ta .
-Hiu ngha hnh hc ca khi nim m un v s phc lin hp.
+K nng:
-Bit xc nh phn thc phn o ca mt s phc cho trc v vit c s phc khi bit c phn
v thc phn o.
-Bit s dng quan h bng nhau gia hai s phc tm iu kin cho hai s phc bng nhau.
-Bit biu din tp hp cc s phc tha iu kin cho trc trn mt phng ta .
-Xc nh m un , s phc lin hp ca mt s phc.
127
+Thi : Nghim tc,hng th khi tip thu bi hc,tch cc hot ng.
II.Chun b ca gio vin v hc sinh:
+Gio vin : Gio n ,bng ph ,phiu hc tp.
+Hc sinh :lm bi tp trc nh.
III.Phng php : Phi hp cc phng php gi m,nu vn ,luyn tp , vn p.
IV.Tin trnh bi hc:
1.n nh t chc : 1
/
2.Kim tra bi c kt hp vi gii bi tp.
3.Bi mi
HOT NG 1
Tg
Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh Ghi bng
+Gi hc sinh cho bit dng
ca s
phc.Yu cu hc sinh cho
bit phn thc phn o ca
s phc .
+Gi mt hc sinh gii bi
tp 1.
+Gi hc sinh nhn xt
+Tr li
+Trnh by
+Nhn xt
z = a + bi
a:phn thc
b:phn o
HOT NG 2
+ a + bi = c + di khi no?
+Gi hc sinh gii bi tp
2b,c
+ Nhn xt bi lm.

+Tr li
+Trnh by
+Nhn xt
+ a + bi = c + di
a = c v
b = d
HOT NG 3
+ Cho z = a + bi. Tm
z z ,
+ Gi hai hc sinh gii bi
tp 4a,c,d v bi tp 6
+ Nhn xt bi lm
+ Pht phiu hc tp 1
+Tr li
+Trnh by
+z = a + bi
+
2 2
b a z +
+ bi a z
128
+Tr li
HOT NG 4
+ Nhc li cch biu din mt
s phc trn mt phng v
ngc li.
+Biu din cc s phc sau
Z = -2 + i , z = -2 3i , z = -2
+ 0.i
+Yu cu nhn xt cc s
phc trn
+ Yu cu nhn xt qu tch
cc im biu din cc s
phc c phn thc bng 3.
+ V hnh
+Yu cu hc sinh lm bi
tp 3c.
+Gi gii bi tp 5a.
1 1 1
2 2 2 2
+ + b a b a z
+Yu cu hc sinh gii bi
tp 5b
+Nhn xt, tng kt
+Biu din
+Nhn xt qu tch cc im
biu din.
+Trnh by
+Nhn ra 1
2 2
+ b a l
phong trnh ng trn
tm O (0;0), bn knh bng
1.
+Trnh by
Mat h Composer 1. 1. 5
ht tp: / / www. mat hcomposer. com
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
5
x
y
M
Math Composer 1. 1. 5 ht tp: / / www. mathcomposer. com
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
5
x
y
Cng c: Hng dn bi tp cn li
Ph lc: Phiu hc tp 1:
Cu 1: cho i z 2 . Phn thc v phn o ln lc l
A.
1 ; 2 b a
B.
1 ; 2 b a
C.
1 ; 2 b a
D.
1 ; 2 b a
129
Cu 2: S phc c phn thc bng
2
3
,phn o bng
4
3
l
A. i z
4
3
2
3
B. i z
4
3
2
3
C. i z
3
4
2
3
+ D. i z
4
3
2
3

Cu 3:
mi n z i m z +
2 1
; 3
. Khi
2 1
z z
khi
A. m = -1 v n = 3 B. m = -1 v n = -3 C. m = 1 v n = 3 D. m = 1 v n = -3
Cu 4:
z z i z Cho , . 2 1+
ln lt bng
A.
i 2 1 , 5
B.
i 2 1 , 5
C.
i 2 1 , 2 +
D.
i 2 1 , 5 +
TRNG THPT HIP C Tn bi: CNG, TR V NHN S PHC
Ngy son: (Ban C Bn)
I. Mc tiu:
1) V kin thc:
- Hs nm c quy tc cng tr v nhn s phc
2) V k nng:
- Hs bit thc hin cc php ton cng tr v nhn s phc
3) V t duy thi :
- Hc sinh tch cc ch ng trong hc tp, pht huy tnh sng to
- C chun b bi trc nh v lm bi y
II. Chun b ca gv v hs:
1. Gio vin: Gio n, bng ph, phiu hc tp
2. Hc sinh: Hc bi c, lm y cc bi tp nh. Chun b bi mi.
III. Phng php:
Gi m, vn p v tho lun nhm.
IV Tin trnh bi hc:
1. n nh lp
2. Kim tra bi c:
Cu hi: - Hai s phc nh th no c gi l bng nhau?
- Tm cc s thc x,y bit: ( x+1) + ( 2+y )i = 3 + 5i?
3. Bi mi:
Thi
gian
H ca Thy H ca tr Ghi bng
* H1: Tip cn quy
tc cng hai s phc:
- T cu hi ktra bi
c gi cho hs nhn
xt mi quan h gia 3
s phc 1+2i, 2+3i v
3+5i ?
-Gv hng dn hc
sinh p dng quy tc
cng hai s phc
gii v d 1
*H2:Tip cn quy
tc tr hai s phc
-T cu b) ca v d
1gio vin gi hc
sinh pht hin mi
-T vic nhn xt mi
quan h gia 3 s phc
hs pht hin ra quy tc
cng hai s phc
-Hc sinh thc hnh bi
gii v d 1(mt hc
sinh ln bng gii, c lp
nhn xt bi gii )
-T vic nhn xt mi
quan h gia 3 s phc
hs pht hin ra quy tc tr
1. Php cng v tr hai s phc :
Quy tc cng hai s phc:
VD1: thc hin php cng hai s phc
a) (2+3i) + (5+3i) = 7+6i
b) ( 3-2i) + (-2-3i) = 1-5i
Quy tc tr hai s phc:
130
quan h gia 3 s phc
3-2i, 2+3i v 1-5i
-Gv hng dn hc
sinh p dng quy tc
cng hai s phc
gii v d 2
*Hc sinh thc hnh
lm bi tp phiu hc
tp s 1
*H3:Tip cn quy
tc nhn hai s phc
-Gio vin gi cho
hc sinh pht hin quy
tc nhn hai s phc
bng cch thc hin
php nhn (1+2i).
(3+5i)
=1.3-2.5+(1.5+2.3)i
= -7+11i
-Gv hng dn hc
sinh p dng quy tc
cng hai s phc
gii v d 3
*Hc sinh thc hnh
lm bi tp phiu hc
tp s 2
hai s phc
Hc sinh thc hnh bi
gii v d 2 (mt hc
nhn xt bi gii )

-Thng qua gi ca gio
vin, hc sinh rt ra quy
tc nhn hai s phc v
pht biu thnh li
c lp cng nhn xt v
hon chnh quy tc .
-Hc sinh thc hnh bi
gii v d 3 (mt hc
nhn xt bi gii
VD2: thc hin php trhai s phc
a) (2+i) -(4+3i) = -2-2i
c) ( 1-2i) -(1-3i) = i
2.Quy tc nhn s phc
Mun nhn hai s phc ta nhn theo
quy tc nhn a thc ri thay i
2
= -1
V d 3 :Thc hin php nhn hai s
phc
a) (5+3i).(1+2i) =-1+13i
b) (5-2i).(-1-5i) =-15-23i
Ch :Php cng v php nhn cc s
phc c tt c cc tnh cht ca php
cng v php nhn cc s thc
4.Cng c ton bi
Nhc li cc quy tc cng ,tr v nhn cc s phc
5.Dn d Cc em lm cc bi tp trang 135-136 SGK

131
Phiu hc tp s 2 . Hy ni mt dng ct 1 v mt dng ct 2 c
kt qu ng?
1. 3.( 2+ 5i) ?
2. 2i.( 3+ 5i) ?
3. 5i.6i ?
4. ( -5+ 2i).( -1- 3i) ?
A. 30
B. 6 + 15i
C. 11 + 13i
D. 10 + 6i
E. 5 6 i
2

Phiu hc tp s 1Cho 3 s phc z
1
= 2+3i, z
2
= 7+ 5i, z
3
= -3+ 8i. Hy
thc hin cc php ton sau:
a) z
1
+ z
2
+ z
3
= ?
b) z
1
+ z
2
- z
3
= ?
c) z
1
- z
3
+ z
2
=?
Nhn xt kt qu cu b) v c) ?
TRNG THPT HIP C BI TP V CNG, TR V NHN S PHC
Ngy son: (Ban C Bn)
IV. Mc tiu:
4) V kin thc:
- Hs nm c quy tc cng tr v nhn s phc
5) V k nng:
- Hs bit thc hin cc php ton cng tr v nhn s phc
6) V t duy thi :
- Hc sinh tch cc ch ng trong hc tp, pht huy tnh sng to
- C chun b bi trc nh v lm bi y
V. Chun b ca gv v hs:
3. Gio vin: Gio n, bng ph, phiu hc tp
4. Hc sinh: Hc bi c, lm y cc bi tp nh. Chun b bi mi.
VI. Phng php:
Gi m, vn p v tho lun nhm.
IV Tin trnh bi hc:
4. n nh lp
5. Kim tra bi c:
- Cu hi: nu quy tc cng, quy tc tr cc s phc
p dng: thc hin php cng,tr hai s phc
a) (2+3i) + (5-3i) = ?
d) ( 3-2i) - (2+3i) = ?
- Cu hi: nu quy tc nhn cc s phc
p dng: thc hin php nhn hai s phc (2+3i) .(5-3i) = ?
6. Bi mi:
Thi
gian
H ca Thy H ca tr Ghi bng
* H1: Thc hnh
quy tc cng ,tr cc
s phc:
-Gv hng dn hc
sinh p dng quy tc
cng,tr cc s phc
gii bi tp 1
trang135-SGK
-Gv hng dn hc
-Hc sinh thc hnh bi
gii bi tp 1 trang135-
SGK(mt hc sinh ln
bng gii, c lp nhn xt
v hon chnh bi gii )
-Hc sinh thc hnh bi
1 thc hin cc php tnh
a) (3-+5i) +(2+4i) = 5 +9i
b) ( -2-3i) +(-1-7i) = -3-10i
c) (4+3i) -(5-7i) = -1+10i
d) ( 2-3i) -(5-4i) = -3 + i
2.Tnh +, - vi
a) = 3, = 2i b) = 1-2i, = 6i
c) = 5i, =- 7i d) = 15, =4-2i
132
sinh p dng quy tc
cng,tr cc s phc
gii bi tp 2
trang136-SGK
* H2: Thc hnh
quy tc nhn cc s
phc:
-Gv hng dn hc
sinh p dng quy tc
nhn cc s phc
SGK
*H3 :Pht trin k
nng cng tr v
nhn s phc
--Gv hng dn hc
sinh p dng quy tc
nhn cc s phc
SGK
*Hc sinh thc hnh
gii bi tp phiu
hc tp s 1
--Gv hng dn hc
sinh p dng quy tc
nhn cc s phc
SGK
*Hc sinh thc hnh
gii bi tp phiu
hc tp s 2
Chia nhm tho lun
v so snh kt qu
SGK(mt hc sinh ln
v hon chnh bi gii )
-Hc sinh thc hnh bi
SGK(mt hc sinh ln
v hon chnh bi gii )

-Hc sinh thc hnh bi
SGK(mt hc sinh ln
v hon chnh bi gii )
-Hc sinh thc hnh bi
SGK(mt hc sinh ln
v hon chnh bi gii )
gii
a)+ = 3+2i - = 3-2i
b)+ = 1+4i - = 1-8i
c)+ =-2i - = 12i
d)+ = 19-2i - = 11+2i
3.thc hin cc php tnh
a) (3-2i) .(2-3i) = -13i
b) ( 1-i) +(3+7i) = 10+4i
c) 5(4+3i) = 20+15i
d) ( -2-5i) 4i = -8 + 20i
4.Tnh i
3
, i
4
i
5
Nu cch tnh i
n
vi n l s t nhin tu

gii
i
3
=i
2
.i =-i
i
4
=i
2
.i
2
=-1
i
5
=i
4
.i =i
Nu n = 4q +r, 0 r < 4 th i
n
= i
r
5.Tnh
a) (2+3i)
2
=-5+12i
b) (2+3i)
3
=-46+9i
4.Cng c ton bi
Nhc li quy tc cng, tr v nhn cc s phc
5.Btp v nh
1.Tnh
a) (2-3i)
2
=-5+12i
c) (-2-3i)
3
=-46+9i
2.Cho
z
1
=3-2i z
2
=3-2i , z
3
=3-2i .
Tnh a)z
1
+z
2
-z
3
b)z
1
+2z
2
-z
3
c)z
1
+z
2
-3z
3
d)z
1
+iz
2
-z
3

133
Phiu hc tp s 1
Trong cc s phc sau, s phc no c kt qu rt gn bng -1 ?
A i
2006
B. i
2007
C. i
2008
D. i
2009
Phiu hc tp s 2
Trong cc s phc sau, s phc no tho mn biu thc x
2
+ 4 = 0 ?
A. x = 4i B. x = -4i C. x = 2i D. x = -2i
THPT Trn Cao Vn PHP CHIA S PHC
Ngy son :
S tit: 1 ( Chng trnh chun)

I. Mc tiu:
1. Kin thc : Hc sinh phi nm c:
* Ni dung v thc hin c cc php tnh v tng v tch ca hai s phc lin hp
* Ni dung v cc tnh cht ca php chia hai s phc .
.
2. K nng:
* Thc hin c cc php tnh cng , tr , nhn , chia s phc .
3. T duy thi :
* Bit t h thng cc kin thc cn nh.
* T tch ly mt s kinh nghim gii ton
* Bit vn dng linh hot cc kin thc v cc php tnh ca s phc mt cch linh
hot , sng to
II. Chun b ca Gio vin & Hc sinh:
1. Gio vin:Gio n, bng ph , phiu hc tp
2. Hc sinh: Gii cc bi tp nh v c qua bi mi
III. Phng php:
Pht vn , Gi m kt hp hot ng nhm.
IV. Tin trnh bi hc:
1. n nh t chc lp: S s, tc phong.
2 .Kim tra bi c: 5 Tnh a) 5 + 2i 3 (-7 + 6i )
b) (2- 3 i ) (
1
2
+ 3 i )
c) ( 1+ 2 i)
2
3 .Bi mi: PHP CHIA S PHC
HOT NG 1: Tng v tch ca hai s phc lin hp
T/g Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh Ghi bng
5

Cho s phc z = a + bi v

z
= a bi . Tnh z +
z
v z.
z
Hy rt ra kt lun

* Hc sinh thc hin cc yu
cu ca gio vin
* z +
z
= ( a + bi ) +(a bi )= 2a
* z .
z
=(a+bi)(a- bi) = a
2
+ b
2

= |z|
2

* Tng ca s phc vi s phc
lin hp ca n bng hai ln
phn thc ca s phc
* Tch ca mt s phc vi s
phc lin hp ca n bng bnh
phng m un ca s phc
1/Tng v tch ca2
s phc lin hp
Cho s phc
z = a + bi v

z
= a bi . Ta c
z +
z
= 2a
z.
z
= a
2
+ b
2

Vy tng v tch ca
Hai s phc lin hp
l mt s thc
134

HOT NG 2: Hnh thnh php chia hai s phc
10
*Hy tm phn thc v phn o
ca cc s phc
a) z
1
=
3
1
i
i
+

b ) z
2
=
3
5
1 1
( )
2
i
i i
+
* Nhn xt ( 1-i )(1+ i) = ?
=> p php gii cu a
*Nhn xt i
2n
= ? ( n
*
)
=> p php gii cu b
*Lm vic theo nh hng ca
gio vin thng qua cc cu hi
* (1- i )(1+i) = 1- i
2
= 2
* i
2n
= -1
2/ Php chia hai s
phc.
a/ V d
Tm phn thc v
phn o ca cc s
phc
z
1
=
3
1
i
i
+

z
2
=
3
5
1 1
( )
2
i
i i
+
Gii
* z
1
=
2
( 3 )(1 )
1
i i
i
+ +

=
( 3 1) ( 3 1)
2
i + + +
=> a = b =
3 1
2
+
HOT NG 3: Php chia hai s phc
10 * Cho hai s phc
z
1
= c + di v z
2
= a+bi (z
2
khc 0)
Hy tm phn thc v phn o ca
s phc z =
1
2
z
z
* g/v nh hng
tm phn thc v phn o ca
s phc z th z phi c dng
A + Bi => buc mu phi l mt
s thc => nhn t v mu ca z
cho
2
z
* Gi v hng dn hc sinh lm
cc v d cho
*
z =
c di
a bi
+
+
=
( )( )
( )
c di a bi
a bi
+
+
=
2 2 2 2
ac bd ad bc
i
a b a b
+
+
+ +
* Hc sinh tin hnh gii di
s nh hng ca gio vin
b/ Php chia hai s
phc
SGK
Ch
Tnh thng
c di
a bi
+
+
Ta nhn t v mu
cho s phc lin hp
c/ V d
1/ Tnh
2 3
5
i
i
+
2/ Tnh
1
3 2i +
3/ Tnh
1 3
1 3
i
i
+
4/
2 3
2
i
i

HOT NG 4 : cng c ( thng qua bng ph v phiu hc tp)
135
10
*Gio vin pht phiu hc tp cho
4 nhm
* Treo bng ph
* gi tng nhm ln gii v nhn
xt , chnh sa
* hc sinh nghe v nhn nhim
v
* Hc sinh thc hin nhim v
* hc sinh cc nhm khc nhn
xt v nh gi
4 . Cng c ton bi :
Gio vin nhc li cc ni dung trng tm ca bi hc
Qui tc v tnh cht ca php chia hai s phc
5 .Hng dn hc bi nh v ra bi tp v nh (5)
+ Hc thuc nh ngha php tnh v tng v tch hai s phc lin hp
+ Hc thuc cc quy tc v tnh cht ca cc php tnh trn s phc
+ Gii tt c cc bi tp trong sch gio khoa
+ Bi tp lm thm
Cho s phc z = a+ bi , a,b
R . Tm phn thc v o cc s phc sau

a/ z
2
2z +4i b/
1
z i
iz
+
V Phiu hc tp
Nhm 1 Thc hin php tnh
2
2 i
+
1
2
i +
1
z
z
_

,
bit z = 4+3i v z
1
= 2i 3
Nhm 3 Tm phn thc v o cc s phc sau
1
3 2
z
i z
+
+
vi z = 3+i
3
(1 )(1 2 )
i
i i
+
+
136
THPT Trn Cao Vn BI TP PHP CHIA S PHC
Ngy son :
S tit: 1 ( Chng trnh chun)

I. Mc tiu:
4. Kin thc : Hc sinh phi nm c:
* Php chia hai s phc , nghch o ca mt s phc v cc php ton trn s phc
.
5. K nng:
* S dng thnh tho cc php tnh cng , tr , nhn , chia s phc .
6. T duy thi :
* Pht huy tnh t duy logic , sng to v thi nghim tc trong qu trnh gii bi tp
II. Chun b ca Gio vin & Hc sinh:
3. Gio vin:Gio n, bng ph , phiu hc tp
4. Hc sinh: SGK v chun b trc cc bi tp nh
III. Phng php:
Pht vn , Gi m kt hp hot ng nhm.
IV. Tin trnh bi hc:
1 n nh t chc lp: S s, tc phong.
2 .Kim tra bi c: 5
CH1 Nu qui tc tnh thng ca hai s phc
CH2 tnh
1 2
2 3
i
i
+
+
,
2 2
2 2
(1 2 ) (1 )
(3 2 ) (2 )
i i
i i
+
+ +
3 .Bi mi: BI TP PHP CHIA S PHC
HOT NG 1: Bi tp 1 SGK
5

* Nu qui tc tm thng
ca hai s phc
* Gi hc sinh hc lc
trung bnh ln bng trnh
by
* Cc hc sinh khc nhn
xt
* Hc sinh thc hin cc yu
cu ca gio vin
Bi 1
a/
2
3 2
i
i
+
=
4 7
13 13
i +
b/
1 2
2 3
i
i
+
+
=
2 6 2 2 3
7 7
i
+
+
c/
5
2 3
i
i
=
15 10
13 13
i +
HOT NG 2 Bi tp 2 SGK
137
10
* Nhc khi nim s nghch
o ca s phc z l
1
z
* Giao nhim v cho hc
sinh theo 4 nhm ( mi
nhm 1 bi)
*Gi 1 thnh vin trong
nhm trnh by
* Cho cc nhm khc nhn
xt v g/v kt lun
*Nhn nhim v v tho
lun theo nhm . Trnh by
li gii vo bng ph
*i din nhm ln bng
treo bng li gii v trnh
by
* Cc nhm khc nhn xt
Bi 2
a/
1
1 2i +
=
1 2
5 5
i
b/
1 2 3
2 9 2 3
i
i
+
+
=
2 3
11 11
i +
c/
1
1
i
i
i

d/
1 5 3
25 3 5 3
i
i

+ +
=
5 3
28 28
i
HOT NG 3: Bi tp 3 SGK
10
sinh theo 4 nhm ( mi
nhm 1 bi)
nhm trnh by
xt
* Gv nhn xt v kt lun
*Nhn nhim v v tho
lun theo nhm . Trnh by
li gii vo bng ph
*i din nhm ln bng
by
* Cc nhm khc nhn xt
Bi 3
a/ 2i(3+i)(2+4i) = 2i(2+14i)
= - 28 +4i
b/
2 3
(1 ) (2 ) 2 ( 8 )
2 2
i i i i
i i
+
+ +
=
16( 2 ) 32 16
5 5 5
i
i

c/ 3+2i+(6+i)(5+i)
= 3+2i +29+11i = 32+13i
d/ 4-3i+
5 4
3 6
i
i
+
+
= 4-3i +
(5 4 )(3 6 )
45
i i +
= 4-3i +
39 18 219 153
45 45 45 45
i i

HOT NG 4 : Bi tp 4 SGK
10
sinh theo 4 nhm
(nhm 1,3 bi c; nhm 2
bia ; nhm4 bi b)
nhm trnh by
xt
* Gv nhn xt v kt lun
Nhn nhim v v tho lun
theo nhm . Trnh by li
gii vo bng ph
*i din nhm ln bng
by
* Cc nhm khc nhn xt
Bi 4
a/(3-2i)z +(4+5i)=7+3i
(3-2i)z=3 2i
z =
3 2
3 2
i
i
=1
b/
(1+3i)z-(2+5i)=(2+i)z
(-1+2i)z=(2+5i)
z=
2 5 8 9
1 2 5 5
i
i
i
+

+
c/
(2 3 ) 5 2
4 3
3
4 3
(3 )(4 3 )
15 5
z
i i
i
z
i
i
z i i
z i
+
+

138
HOT NG V Cng c ( Pht phiu hc tp ) 10
Cu 1 Tm a,b
R sao cho (a 2bi) (2a+bi) = 2+

3
2
i
Cu 2 Cho z
1
= 9y
2
4 10xi
3
v z
2
= 8y
2
+20i
19
. Tm x,y
R sao cho z
1
= z
2

Cc nhm tho lun v i din nhm ln bng gii
Gv nhn xt v kt lun
2 . Cng c ton bi : Nm k cc php ton trn s phc
3 .Dn d ,bi tp : Lm tt c cc bi tp trong sch bi tp
Trng THPT L T Trng
Ngy son :06/08/2008
Tit :
PHNG TRNH BC HAI VI H S THC
I.Mc tiu:
1.V kin thc: Gip hc sinh nm c: Cn bc hai ca mt s thc m; cch gii
phng trnh bc hai vi h s thc trong mi trng hp i vi
2.V k nng: Hc sinh bit tm c cn bc 2 ca mt s thc m v gii phng trnh
bc hai vi h s thc trong mi trng hp i vi
3.V t duy v thi
- Rn k nng gii phng trnh bc hai trong tp hp s phc.
- Rn tnh cn thn ,chnh xc
II.Chun b ca gio vin v hc sinh:
* Gio vin: Son gio n, phiu hc tp , dng dy hc .
* Hc sinh: Xem ni dung bi mi, dng c hc tp
III.Phng php:
* Gi m + nu vn an xen hot ng nhm.
IV.Tin trnh bi hc:
1.n nh lp. (1)
2. Kim tra bi c: (5)
Cu hi 1:Th no l cn bc hai ca mt s thc dng a ?
Cu hi 2:Vit cng thc nghim ca phng trnh bc hai ?
3.Bi mi :
T/gian Hot ng ca GV Hot ng ca HS Ghi bng
(12) Hot ng 1:Tip cn khi nim cn bc 2 ca s thc m
* Ta c: vi a > 0 c 2 cn bc 2
ca a l b = (v b = a)
* Vy a < 0 c cn bc 2 ca a
khng ?
tr li cho cu hi trn ta
thc hin v d sau:
1.Cn bc 2 ca
s thc m
139
V d 1: Tm x sao cho
x = -1
Vy s m c cn bc 2 khng?
-1 c 2 cn bc 2 l i
V d 2: Tm cn bc hai ca -4 ?
Tng qut:Vi a<0.Tm cn bc
2 ca a
V d : ( Cng c cn bc 2 ca
s thc m)
Hot ng nhm: GV chia lp
thnh 4 nhm, pht phiu hc tp
1, cho HS tho lun tr li.
Ch ra c x = i
V i = -1
(-i) = -1
s m c 2 cn bc 2
Ta c( 2i)=-4
-4 c 2 cn bc 2 l
2i
*Ta c (i)= -a
c 2 cn bc 2 ca a l i
Vi a<0 c 2 cn
bc 2 ca a l i
V d :-4 c 2
cn bc 2 l 2i
(20) Hot ng 2:Cch gii phng trnh bc 2 vi h s thc
Nhc li cng thc nghim ca
phng trnh bc 2:
ax + bx + c = 0
> 0: pt c 2 nghim phn
bit:
x
1,2
=
= 0: pt c nghim kp
x
1
= x
2
=
< 0: pt khng c nghim
thc.
*Trong tp hp s phc,
< 0 c 2 cn bc 2, tm cn bc
2 ca
*Nh vy trong tp hp s
phc,<0 phng trnh c
nghim hay khng ?
Nghim bao nhiu ?
V d :Gii cc pt sau trn tp
hp s phc:
a) x - x + 1 = 0
V d 2: (Dng phiu hc tp 2)
Chia nhm ,tho lun
* Gi i din mi nhm trnh
by bi gii
GV nhn xt ,b sung (nu
cn).
*Gio vin a ra nhn xt
hc sinh tip thu.
2 cn bc 2 ca l i
< 0 pt c 2 nghim
phn bit l:
x
1,2
=
= -3 < 0: pt c 2 nghim
phn bit
x
1,2
=
Chia nhm ,tho lun theo
yu cu ca gio vin.
II.Phng trnh
bc 2
+ >0:pt c 2
nghim phn bit
x
1,2
=
+ = 0: pt c
nghim kp
x
1
= x
2
=
+ <0: pt khng
c nghim thc.
Tuy nhin trong
tp hp s phc,
pt c 2 nghim
phn bit
x
1,2
=
Nhn xt:(sgk)
4.Cng c ton bi : (5)
- Nhc li cn bc 2 ca 1 s thc m.
- Cng thc nghim pt bc 2 trong tp hp s phc.
- Bi tp cng c (dng bng ph ).
5.Hng dn hc bi nh v ra bi tp v nh. (2)
Dn d hc sinh hc l thuyt v lm bi tp v nh trong sch gio khoa.
V.Ph lc:
1. Phiu hc tp 1:
140
Tm cn bc 2 ca cc s :-2,-3,-5,-6,-8,-9,-10,-12
2.Phiu hc tp 2
Gii cc pt sau trong tp hp s phc
a).x + 4 = 0
b).-x + 2x 5 = 0
c). x
4
3x
2
4 = 0
d). x
4
9 = 0
3.Bng ph :
BT1: Cn bc 2 ca -21l :
A/ i B/ -i C/i D/
BT2:Nghim ca pt x
4
4 = 0 trong tp hp s phc l :
A/ x= B/ x=i C/ x=-i D/ Tt c u ng.
BT3:Nghim ca pt x
4
+ 4 = 0 trong tp hp s phc l :
A/ (1-i) B/ (1+i) C/ 2i D/ A,B u ng
TRNG THPT L T TRNG
Ngy son: 6/8/2008
Tit:
BI TP PHNG TRNH BC HAI VI H S THC
I.Tin trnh bi hc:
1.n nh lp: (1)
2.Kim tra bi c: (6)
Cu hi 1: Cn bc 2 ca s thc a<0 l g?
p dng : Tm cn bc 2 ca -8
Cu hi 2: Cng thc nghim ca pt bc 2 trong tp s phc
p dng : Gii pt bc 2 : x -x+5=0
3.Ni dung:
T/gian Hot ng ca GV Hot ng ca HS Ghi bng
4
10
10
- Gi 1 s hc sinh ng ti ch
tr li bi tp 1
- Gi 3 hc sinh ln bng gii 3
cu a,b,c
GV nhn xt, b sung (nu
cn).
- Gi 2 hc sinh ln bng gii
Cho HS theo di nhn xt v
b sung bi gii (nu cn).
Tr li c :
I ; 2i ; 2i ; 2i ; 11i.
a/ -3z + 2z 1 = 0
= -2 < 0 pt c 2 nghim
phn bit.
z
1,2
=
b/ 7z + 3z + 2 = 0
= - 47 < 0 pt c 2 nghim
phn bit.
z
1,2
=
c/ 5z - 7z + 11 = 0
= -171 < 0 pt c 2 nghim
phn bit
z
1,2
=
3a/ z
4
+ z - 6 = 0
z = -3 z = i
z = 2 z =
3b/ z
4
+ 7z
2
+ 10 = 0
z
2
= -5 z = i
z = - 2 z = i
Bi tp 1
Bi tp 2
Bi tp 3
141
5
5
- Gio vin yu cu hc sinh
nhc li cch tnh
z
1
+ z
2
, z
1
.z
2

trong trng hp > 0
- Yu cu hc sinh nhc li
nghim ca pt trong trng hp
< 0. Sau tnh tng z
1
+z
2

tch z
1
.z
2
- Yu cu hc sinh tnh z+z
z.z
z,z l nghim ca pt
X -(z+z)X+z.z = 0
Tm pt
Tnh nghim trong trng hp
< 0
Tm c z
1
+z
2
=
z
1
.z
2
=
z+z = a+bi+a-bi=2a
z.z= (a+bi)(a-bi)
= a - bi = a + b
z,z l nghim ca pt
X-2aX+a+b=0
BT4:
z
1
+z
2
=
z
1
.z
2
=
BT5:
Pt:X-
2aX+a+b=0
- Bi tp cng c:
BT 1: Gii pt sau trn tp s phc:
a/ z
2
z + 5 = 0
b/ z
4
1 = 0
c/ z
4
z
2
6 = 0
Trng THPT L T Trng Tn bi dy: N TP CHNG IV
S tit : 02.
Ngy soan: 04/08/08
I/ Yu cu:
1/ Kin thc: - Nm c nh ngha s phc, phn thc, phn o, mun ca s phc.
S phc lin hp.
- Nm vng c cc php ton: Cng , tr, nhn, chia s phc Tnh cht ca php
cng, nhn s phc.
- Nm vng cch khai cn bc hai ca s thc m. Gii phng trnh bc hai vi h s
thc.
2/ K nng: - Tnh ton thnh tho cc php ton.
4). Cng c ton bi (4)
- Nm vng cn bc 2 ca s m ; gii pt bc 2 trong tp hp s phc
142
- Biu din c s phc ln mt phng ta .
- Gii phng trnh bc I, II vi h s thc.
3/ T duy, thi : - Rn luyn tnh tch cc trong hc tp , tnh ton cn thn , chnh
xc.
II/ Chun b:
1/ Gio vin: Bi son- Phiu hc tp.
2/ Hc sinh: Bi c: N, cc php ton, gii phng trnh bc hai vi h s thc.
III/ Phng php ging dy: Nu vn - Gi gii quyt vn .
IV/ Tin trnh dy hc:
1/ n nh: (1

).
2/ Kim Tra: (9
) - Chun b bi c ca hc sinh.
- Biu din s phc Z
1
= 2 + 3i v Z
2
= 3 + i ln mt phng ta . Xc nh vc t biu
din s phc Z
1
+ Z
2

* Phn tit: Tit 1: T H1 -> H3.
Tit 2: T H4 -> Cng c.
3/ Bi mi
TG Hot ng ca Gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh Ghi bng
Hot ng 1: nh ngha s phc -S phc lin hp
10
Nu . ngha s phc ?
Biu din s phc
Z= a + bi ln mt phng ta ?
Vit cng thc tnh mun
ca s phc Z ?
Nu d. ngha s phc lin hp
ca s phc Z= a + bi ?
S phc no bng s phc
lin hp ca n ?
Ging: Mi s phc u c
dng Z= a + bi , a v b
R. Khi
biu din Z ln mt phng ta
ta c vc t OM = (a, b).
C s phc lin hp Z = a + bi.
Dng Z= a + bi , trong
a l phn thc, b l
phn o.
V hnh
bi a Z
S phc c phn o
bng 0.
Theo di v tip thu
I/ N s phc- S phc
lin hp:
- S phc Z = a + bi vi
a, b
R
*
2 2
b a Z OM +
.
* S phc lin hp:
Z = a bi
Ch : Z = 0 b Z
Hot ng 2: Biu din hnh hc ca s phc Z = a + bi.
10
Ging: Mi s phc Z = a +
bi biu din bi mt im M (a,
b) trn mt phng ta .
Nu bi ton 6/ 145 (Sgk) .
Yu cu ln bng xc nh ?
Theo di
V hnh v tr li
tng cu a, b, c, d
II/ Tp hp cc im
biu din s phc Z:
1/ S phc Z c phn
thc a = 1: L ng
thng qua honh 1 v
song song vi Oy.
2/ S phc Z c phn o
b = -2: L ng thng
qua tung -2 v song
song vi Ox.
3/ S phc Z c phn
143
thc a
[ ] 2 , 1
,phn o b
[ ] 1 , 0
: L hnh ch nht.
3/
2 Z
: L hnh trn
c R = 2.
Hot ng 3: cc php ton ca s phc.
15
Yu cu HS nu qui tc: Cng

, tr, nhn , chia s phc?
Php cng, nhn s phc c
tnh cht no ?
Yu cu HS gii bi tp 6b,
8b .
*Gi : Z = a + bi =0
'
0
0
b
a
Tr li
- Cng: Giao hon, kt
hp
- Nhn: Giao hon, kt
hp, phn phi.
Ln bng thc hin
III/ Cc php ton :
Cho hai s phc:
Z
1
= a
1
+ b
1
i
Z
2
= a
2
+ b
2
i
*Cng:
Z
1
+Z
2
= a
1
+ a
2
+(b
1
+b
2
)i
* Tr:
Z
1
-Z
2
= a
1
- a
2
+(b
1
-b
2
)i
* Nhn:
Z
1
Z
2
= a
1
a
2
- b
1
b
2
+
(a
1
b
2
+a
2
b
1
)i
* Chia :
0 ;
2
2 2
2 1
2
1
Z
Z Z
Z Z
Z
Z
6b)Tm x, y tha :
2x + y 1 = (x+2y 5)i
'
'
+
+
3
1
0 5 2
0 1 2
y
x
y x
y x
8b) Tnh : (4-
3i)+
i
i
+
+
2
1
= 4- 3i +
) 2 )( 2 (
) 2 )( 1 (
i i
i i
+
+
= 4 3i +
i
i
5
14
5
23
5
3

+
Hot ng 4: Cn bc hai vi s thc m Phng trnh bc hai vi h s thc
Nu cch gii phng trnh
bc hai : ax
2
+ bx + c = 0 ; a, b,
c
R v a 0 ?
Yu cu HS gii bi tp 10a,b
Nu cc bc gii
ghi bng
Thc hin
IV/ Phng trnh bc hai
vi h s thc:
ax
2
+ bx + c = 0 ; a, b, c
R v a 0.
* Lp = b
2
4ac
Nu :

a
i b
x
a
b
x
a
b
x x
2
; 0
2
; 0
2
; 0
2 , 1
2 , 1
2 1
t
<
t
>

10a) 3Z
2
+7Z+8 = 0
Lp = b
2
4ac = - 47
144
Z
1,2
=
6
47 7 i t
.
10b) Z
4
- 8 = 0.

8
8
2
2
Z
Z

t
t
4
4 , 3
4
2 , 1
8
8
i Z
Z
4/Cng c: - Nhc li h thng cc kin thc c bn : N s phc, s phc lin hp-
Gii phng trnh bc hai vi h s thc.
- HS thc hin trn 3 phiu hc tp.
5/ Dn d: - Nm vng l thuyt chng 4.
- Gii cc bi tp cn li ca chng - Xem li bi tp gii.
-Chun b tit sau kim tra 1 tit ca chng 4
V/ Ph lc:
1) Phiu hc tp s 1:
Cu 1: S phc Z = a + bi tha iu kin no c im biu din M phn gch cho
trong hnh a, b, c.
2) Phiu hc tp s 2:
Cu 2: Gii phng trnh : Z
4
Z
2
5 = 0.
3) Phiu hc tp s 3:
Cu 3: Tm hai s phc Z
1
, Z
2
tha : Z
1
+ Z
2
= 1 v Z
1
Z
2
= 7

145
146

Giao an giải tích 12 -cơ bản - hUNG - 2013

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Giao an giải tích 12 -cơ bản - hUNG - 2013

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Chng I: NG DNG CA O HM

) th ca hm s f i ln t tri qua phi.

) th ca hm s f i ln t tri qua phi.

- Nhn xt mi lin h gia lin

GV nhn xt, nh gi.

Hot ng 3: Cho hc sinh tip cn vi dng bi tp c nhiu tim cn.

3. Bi tp cng c : Hot ng 4: ( bi tp TNKQ)

- Trn c s bit vn dng gii mt s bi ton lin quan.

TG Hot ng ca GV Hot ng ca HS Ghi bng

Cu hi 2 : Nhc li nh ngha lu tha bc n ca a (n

Trong biu thc a

nguyn dng ; D=R

+ khng nguyn; D = (0;+

- Cho vd khc su kin thc

Hm s lun nghch bin trnD

Tnh cc biu thc:

TG Hot ng ca GV Hot ng ca HS Ghi Bng

Bi 2: Gii cc phng trnh sau:

Chiu bin thin

- Tho lun v ln bng

Chiu bin thin

(x) dx = u (x) v(x) - u

Qui c: nu a = b hoc a > b: ta qui

l din tch S ca hnh thang gii

II. CC TNH CHT CA TCH PHN.

a/ Hy tnh I bng cch khai trin (2x +

Gv gii thiu cho Hs vd 6, 7 (SGK,

Gv gii thiu vi Hs ni dung nh l

2. Phng php tnh tch phn tng phn:

Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh

c)t u(x) = 2sint,

Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh

Kiu 2: t x = u(t) vi tch phn c dng

Trng THPT Hunh Thc Khng

- Hs tin hnh gii quyt

* Th tch khi chp ct:

III. Th tch khi trn xoay

2. Th tch khi cu bn knh R

* Tnh th tch khi trn xoay sinh

3.Th tch vt trn xoay sinh ra bi hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng

+Hc sinh tin hnh gii tch

R . Tm phn thc v o cc s phc sau

R sao cho (a 2bi) (2a+bi) = 2+

Yu cu HS nu qui tc: Cng

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