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Metodo Euler
Metodo Euler
!"#%$'&"()&+*",-
.0/214365879/:5<;>=@?BABCEDF/HGIDJKDL'AMDNEOFPQ/SRTPQ/2/2D:UV1
WXYZXEW[Y]\ZXQX]^
_
= lim
dy
y
+>]-2Zk-26-Tkr[d-g2-Hd- x 262S y K
[6[- > 0 --H-)2F2- x y Q-2 d2d 6--T---H
[<Z~-d-6-6:>|E<6--K9'V2 y 6-d2:[-
M y > 02:H2 x T]66-d2:--B x > 0d2d
26-g0-HgT286n-x<ZtiV2i28[d-[-gT[-Hd2:
< 0 [Z2k-< 2F2- x y 22:-+]24[4g-
F
H6-d-[k[k-d2:[
|-666:-2d 6T-d2:8:22-~6H Sr[|-THS-
-TV2 x -d-262 -86Q-+6g2-48-6Z8Z82 22k2d-
dx
x
= lim
dt
t
y0
dx
dy
dx
dy
t0
i||6Q|k-SH2-k2'6-d-d2:[--60F[K'-2
- > 0 -+H6 x -d2:"2 -@-+2dQ-@ 6:[0][ < 0
6TxV2 x 2<[d-[--@"xV2 x M:6-6Zg6dg-626:<
--2<Q26Z'M2nt'26d6 > 0 [-2<-~T--6<Q22Z
6d-d2:--k2kZ -k2dQ-
-29dZd-4tg[Sk-2Zk-~[2+2Z-~-6S
-+i"Z:i2T--E2-6-Z+ti6-22K[2Z+[w-2 k 6-66Z
6 [~[ZT]6k-2H8[d]6--2Z k 622[222
+F-Q2d-62V-t2ZH -M26-2-Z B ~[St[[2+Sr2H
-TQ-E-2Z+-26]-<F--6"-2 k k 1Q-T-SSH2+-
22<d[-2[[d2d-[~6Z2F2-M26-2 2-:6+-6F26
dx
dt
dx
dt
dx
dt
dk x
dtk
dx
= a;
dt
6- a b c k2-:26
dx
+ ax = 0;
dt
d2 x
dx
+ b + cx = 1.
2
dt
dt
B:
dx
= (y x)
dt
dy
= x( z) y
dt
dz
= xy z
dt
65
87
6%F[+2Zd6 gQ-2[>:6Q2d2:F-+:9-d2g[
-[:9-d28-<;&=F2F -g-Q2<M2[ET62i6i-66Z>
2Zk2d2T[22:d2dQ6:8H2 M2@[662dQ
6S8-~0 -22dZk4K,5wM-66-d]6kd66gxSr22
?i~A@)6-)['9:--CB"62-~-Q2[E DZ! ? G F)[--H[92
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F-6<2-6Z6KJL2 'M)N$O32%P1,K2!
RQLSL'T*U-A*T)+*"6Sg-V @)6-0d-6
'dF6|2:26-k-9]H>[WD---'F[22->Z|Z8-kZ ['82M[
Z8Zx-x6[
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-92d]6- 2:|22:2d62-[2:6|-662--6:26 -gd6xZ x y
--2 -V DZ[-d-2:~2k-[--dV DZ--dM86k-626---wH2 z x-QG
6Z]g-HT[T]6Z]-"2d]6-x2H]2 2HT<-2Z-F[ F-gF[
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+2-d- [
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-k0'-28-~0 6
_ `.acb6c>ef dca f u>Ee bgho6vte {'j ` mj
y il
- <i2-[;2d-d22:6:Z''2-->HZ2~N0M2-6:-
ZH
+[S0 KQ-6
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-x-626g68[66dZZ<V2--82d]8B62--dk0-xd-6
k2[ +2d-kxZ-d86-2
+
=
dt
dt RC
RC
+[--dF[gZd-d2:k[2Q-2Z6248-2-0dZ8Z4E8I:
xZ-kQ6
t
v(t) = E 1 exp
RC
6-gd--kZk22[2 R Q28HZ2-6 C xZ-k- *"2)
T$)L cR1QL2
M2---iZ6d[2kM[-Hd2k-8-d-8-28Z -S
X d]-|-I-HIdZZQ~ S 2--62:2 IM2 6-
[2---H-[ d2:E0<Z--xZHiM6ZZT t = 0 HZ2
Z>2H:[)M-[2Z-->2>-'-VSM2-ZM2- 22[:)Q v(0) = 0
d2-Z- t "2-[96dZ9-HZ2 2262-[ Q-2[2
Hd2:6 [6H E Z-[2Z6g6>d2:k22:[
6xx68[S8ZHgQ2[-Fk- v() E
@6
-226-2kZ 2[2:-2ZH[0 2Z-- M
Q296d R22 2!
2! *T)LR"
R'MC])N$'k '>$)
6%&2'M 0AQNO *"
+k6t-2Tt26-22ZQ-:22~~-k[Hk-d2H8-~0 2
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42Z2F29-M22-6--k-2 Z-6:>2 22[
662K2:2--~S22--2@[t2-6[K2 2Z66@i--[620F2
Q-d9-M26-2|-82-6|-22~2Q-62xZ'd-'[TM9-:-H)
2:d2:t2d -26Zkg:-d2: --d]686Q
Z8H6:>-2H6: -2Z62-Q6--
@6# C
iS2-"0 i-+Z~]-6#-2F2wZH2@Z66
F26 6T-d2: Z-2[i6Q22d2:2 2kM2dZ -H26 +66
26)d -:- 9262x R22!
C) K'MT*"2!
Z|H+96-2'--H
Z H66FZ2
F-[["2222:i-"-2d-[--2+-"-d6F--d22TQ2
B+-262TZgT[2g6d-[2ZKB[-[Qw2d-- d2
-~0 +-xQ-2-2dZH
9[2-d
ZZk- HT6H2-66-+-F- -62 T-C
- -~0 2Q8Q26>6F-d-~-6>6F-d-c ;[- 0[[
`.acb6c>ef dca zc ts@o6vte {|j `bmj
y il
"!:
x
x(tn ) x(tn1 )
x(tn ) x(tn1 )
dx
=
=
dt
t
tn tn1
h
n1
8H:
>-Z82-
dx
x(n) x(n 1)
dt
h
#:
pd6[ --H2F 4 ,H:k Z--%$&' )( *(
,+ -
./ 01
32U*5476 $'> O
'8
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'8
6SL2V"6QSF-[8-6+6H-6
xiB2]-x6+[H-TZQ[-xSt2T-Z8-H[
dx
x(n + 1) x(n)
dt
h
v(n + 1) v(n)
1
E
+
v(n) =
h
RC
RC
1
E
v(n + 1) v(n)
=
v(n) +
h
RC
RC
h
E
v(n + 1) = v(n)
v(n) + h
RC
RC
-x8-Zd2:xd2-:~ <
v(n + 1) =
h
1
RC
v(n) + h
E
RC
V:
6- a = 1 T-S2[8:[-2ZSZS[-H92ZH-~62Q
-Z"2@-S+-H"-[2Z+2x"6@F[tB26 0 < a < 1 2---
6 0 < h < RC
-H -d22Z 09- Zg- - Z 2['-[--
6-26t n ~Z- n = 0 F - N 1 --g[Z22:+Z~-
k6Q-6Sk]d~2-H6-g26--- 062-6g6 v(1)
v(2) . . . v(N ) 62][-2:62
*"2)N$6ml2])LT*,$O V2-[+r---tT-]262K-MStHr( [
v(0) Z--1
xZ2 {n, v(n + 1)} n = 0, 1, . . . , N Q-66x-x2[S9]6|2-
Z6d[ v(n + 1) n
ml2C'("*'(
9 [F8-
"F[gT6ZHT[M22-2dZgZk4V:w0[S[
8t- v(n + 1) -2Q2[-g[k:2 v(n) ~-266:
F2-x][2-8-2dS2H<-xQ2 -6dZtkZk6-2
2d]B[Zd2:"2-62-@ Z~[S->626--H -2@Z-
- R'MC])
8T*"2!
86:K2C
R
K"
R2!*
,T*"2!
)F[Z>Q-6
[[2[ -"-H"6QF[wK6SE"2-E]E2K-Z-H6
-xd|-~6- 2tM[[Zd]F-6 6+[6F6-26-
- '
1 Z 2kdZ2dZ"d-k-S4@V:iZkF-S-M2G
62~2x- h h = 0.01 h = 0.1 h = 0.5 h = 0.80 6-k2 >Z2 Z
-2dZH~Z8Zk4@ 2 v(0) = 0
- '
1 )E"2- 2~-26HZ0]60d6F-x- -22V[2
-2k[ @)2-
= av(n) + h
h
RC
E
RC
- '
1 -[ - 2 -\@)6-0[6-Z-2
:9-d2HdZ6+H6 x y z Z = 10 = 28 = 8/3 "ZH2
-8~2[:6gZ62 x(n + 1) n y(n + 1) n z(n + 1) n +x6-2
6--2F2[2 x(0) = 3 y(0) = 15 z(0) = 1 T-tZ N = 5000 -6@@~6
6--2F2-2g6Sx-<@)2-+-22:<6d]d2:g2$2-d[[2-
xd-6F6F6dk2[-S- 6ST-6d-2-
- '
1
;6->g@266T]c 5K 7|Z x(0) = 3.01 y(0) =
15.01 z(0) = 1.01
[ST-Z[H~--H0-g-VgrZ2g- x(n + 1) n
y(n + 1) n z(n + 1) n
kMST[rr-c
@)2-0M)6-