BI 3: SA U XANH HT SEN

1. TNG QUAN
1.1 u xanh
u xanh cn gi l u ch, u tm, u tt, lc u. C tn khoa hc l Vigna radiata(L) R. Wilczek (Phaseolus radiatus L.), thuc h u Fabaceae[6]. u xanh l mt loi ng cc thng c dng nu xi, lm bnh, nu ch, lm gi n Ma h nng nng, u xanh thng dng nhiu nu cho, nu ch n gii nhit. Theo y hc c truyn, u xanh c v ngt, tnh mt, tc dng thanh nhit, gii c, iu ha ng tng, gim au sng, vo cc kinh tm, v, vi cng nng thanh nhit, tiu th, li thy, gii c, mt gan, thng c ngi dn s dng iu tr mt s chng bnh thng gp trong ma h nh mn trng c, ung nht[5] 1.1.1 Thnh phn ha hc: Nc Protein Glucid Lipid Cellulose Acid folic Vitamin (E, B1, B2, B3, B6, C, tin vitamin A, vitamin K) Khong (Ca, Mg, K, Na, Zn, Fe, Cu)

1.1.2 Nng sut, sn lng Nng sut u xanh ph thuc rt nhiu vo ma v, thi tit cng nh ging u v phng php canh tc. Nng sut u xanh trung bnh nc ta t t 1- 1.5 tn/ha. Cui nm 2012, ti cc tnh thuc Ty Nguyn, nng sut u xanh t t 1,2 n 1,5 tn mt ha[8]. V h thu nm 2012, sn lng u xanh ti Qung Tr t 1,3- 1,5

tn/ha.[9]
1.1.3 Li ch ca u xanh V u xanh c tc dng tr st cao, phin kht, hn m, co git. trong v c nhiu hot cht thuc nhm flavonoid c tc dng c ch s pht trin ca cc t bo ng th c bit l gim nguy c ung th v v tuyn tin lit.

Gi u xanh h tr tr vim nim mc ming, to bn, vim ng tit niu, tiu but dt, nc tiu nng , vim nim mc li, ming, to bn, hoc i ngoi ra mu C th s dng u xanh hoc kt hp u xanh vi cc v thuc khc cha cc bnh nh: b tiu, d ng sn, rm sy, nga ngy, gii c mt s v thuc, gii c ru, tr st cao, phin kht, hn m, co git, say nng, si ng tit niu, tiu ng, ng c, tng huyt p[5] 1.1.4 Cc sn phm lm t u xanh: Bnh u xanh: Bnh u xanh Hi Dng ra i vo u th k 20. Hin nay, thnh ph Hi Dng c trn 50 nh hng bnh u xanh, trong c nhng nhn hiu ni ting nh: Bo Hin, Nguyn Hng, Bo Long, B Tin, Ho An, Minh Ngc, Qu Hng, Rng Vng... l sn phm ca cc cng ty nh Cng ty Rng Vng Minh Ngc, cng ty TNHH Gia Bo Bt u xanh, bt ng cc: bn cnh sn phm bnh u xanh ch lc th cc cng ty sn xut bnh u xanh cn sn xut mt hng bt u xanh. u xanh cng c b sung vo thnh phn ca bt ng cc. Sa: sa u xanh Soya Number One RGB l s kt hp gia u xanh v u nnh. y l mt sn phm ca tp on Tn Hip Pht. Ph bin nht l sa u xanh c by bn hng qun, ven ng c nu th cng. Mt n dng da: chit xut t u xanh ti Vit Nam c nhn hng FOREN. sn phm cn c nhp khu t nc ngoi nh Hn Quc.

1.2Ht sen
Ht sen hay cn gi l lin nhc, c tn khoa hc l Semen Nelumbinis. L ht cn mng mng ca qu gi phi hay sy kh ca cy sen (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn,), h sen (Nelumbonaceae).[11] Ht sen l mn n ngon, b, l v thuc qu trong ng y. ht sen thng c s dng kt hp vi cc v thuc cha bnh hoc bi b c th. Ht sen c v ngt, tnh bnh. Ht Sen cha tinh bt l thnh phn chnh. Protein gm cc acid amin: threonin 2,42%; methionin 0,82%; leucin 3,23%; isoleucin 1,11%; phenylalanin 12,64%. Ngoi ra cn c 2,11% du bo gm cc acid bo.

1.2.1 Thnh phn ha hc: Bng 3.1: Thnh phn dinh dng trong 100g ht sen:[10] Thnh phn Nng lng Tinh bt Carbohydrate Protein Lipid Nc Cht x 1.2.2 Nng sut, sn lng ng Thp l ni trng nhiu sen nht nc ta. n nm 2006 ng Thp a sn lng ht sen xut khu trn 1.000 tn/nm[14]. ti C , Cn Th, mi ngy thng li c th thu mua c 2.5 3 Sen c trng kh nhiu Qung Nam theo hn thc chuyn canh. Sn lng thu c khong 200kg ht ti/so.[13] 1.2.3 Li ch ca ht sen Ht sen c tc dng b tm, b t v, an thn, thng dng cha c th suy nhc, n ung km, mt ng, tiu chy. Mt gan Qua nghin cu ca cc nh khoa hc v s liu c cng b trn tp ch Dinh dng M th ht sen rt giu hm lng ma-nh, kali, pht pho v cha nhiu hp cht c tc dng gim huyt p, lm se v gim r r ca cc b phn nh gan, thn, tim v l lch gip ci thin sc khe, mt gan, b thn, c mt c th khe mnh v tr c minh mn. Chng lo ha Theo y hc c truyn ca ngi n cc nh khoa hc xa nghin cu ra trong ht sen c cha rt nhiu enxyme, kaempferol, flavonoid c tc dng hn gn, phc hi protein trong c th con ngi, ngn nga lo ha v gip tr ha ln da. Tt cho h thn kinh Hm lng 350 calo 63 68 g 17 18 g 1.9 2.5 g 13%

Theo Thn nng bn tho kinh, ht sen thuc loi thng phm, c cng dng ch t v, dng tm kh, ch tr lc, tr bch bnh Gim cng thng Ht sen c cha cc cht dinh dng nh: tinh bt, cht ng, protein, cht bo, canxi, phospho, st... l thc n b dng tm, ch thn, kin t, nhng ngi lao ng tr c qu cng thng, tm thn bt n, hay s st, ng tr. Tun hon mu tt hn. 1.2.4 Cc sn phm lm t ht sen: Sa ht sen Hin nay trn th trng xut hin kh nhiu sn phm sa ht sen, nh Thin , Cu ch nh (nh my t ti Bnh Dng),tuy nhin sa ht sen vn cha c sn xut quy m ln, hu nh cc sa ht sen thng c lm th cng, thi gian bo qun ngn. Ngoi ra ht sen cn c b sung vo cc loi sa bt cho tr nh sa bt Phc Sinh ca cng ty Sovina. Mt: mt ht sen l mn n truyn thng mi dp tt n ca ngi Vit Nam. Mt s cng ty sn xut mt ht sen: cng ty c phn bnh ko Hi H, cng ty c phn thc phm Hu Ngh,

2. QUY TRNH CNG NGH

2.1 Quy trnh cng ngh, cng thc l thuyt
Nguyn liu

Ngm Xay, nghin, p Lc, vt Ph gia Phi ch ng ha Rt chai Thanh trng Bo n

Nc

Nc

B
Nc

Thnh phm

Hnh 3.1: Quy trnh ch bin sa thc vt

2.2 Quy trnh cng ngh, cng thc thc t

u xanh Ht sen X l s b Ngm Nc

Xay Lc ng Phi ch Rt chai Thanh trng Bo n

Nc

B
Nc

S a

Hnh 3.2: Quy trnh ch bin sa u xanh ht sen.

2.3 Thuyt minh quy trnh cng ngh

2.3.1 Chn nguyn liu Nguyn liu cn c chn la m bo an ton, m bo gi tr dinh dng, gi tr cm quan cho sn phm. u xanh v ht sen c la chn loi b nhng ht b h hng. s dng nhng ht u c mu xanh, bng, chc. ht sen c la chn l nhng ht to, trng, khng h hng.

2.3.2 X l s b Cc loi ht cn c x l trc khi ch bin: ra, rang, tch v u xanh, ht sen c ra sch. Mm ht sen c tch ra trnh to v ng cho sn phm. 2.3.3 Ngm Ht c ngm vi mt lng nc nht nh, trong khong thi gian 4 -6 ting. Mc ch ca cng on ngm: gip ht ht nc trng n, lm mm ht, to iu kin thun li cho qu trnh xay. Cn kim sot thi gian ngm ht. Thi gian ngm ht di lm cht kh v cht m trong ht i ra khi ht, khi Bx trong ht s gim xung, ng thi to iu kin cho vi sinh vt gy chua pht trin. u xanh v ht sen c ngm vi nc lnh trong thi gian 4 ting trc khi em xay. 2.3.4 Xay, nghin, p Nguyn liu c em xay, nghin hoc p ph v cu trc nguyn liu, cu trc t bo, tch dch bo ra khi nguyn liu, to iu kin thun li cho cc qu trnh tip theo. u xanh v ht sen c xay ring. Trong qu trnh xay c b sung nc qu trnh xay din ra d dng. 2.3.5 Lc, vt Dch qu, ht sau khi xay cn lc, vt loi b phn b tha. Phng php s dng: lc v lng. Mc ch ca lc, vt: Loi b phn b Thu phn dch sa To cm quan cho sn phm S dng vi lc lc phn b ca u xanh v ht sen xay. Phng php lc l lc th nhm gi li phn protein ca u xanh v ht sen. 2.3.6 Phi ch Phi ch dch sa vi cc ph gia nh ph gia bo qun, ph gia to nh, ph gia to ngt, nc

Mc ch ca cng on phi ch: To cm quan cho sn phm. Ph hy enzyme trypsin, to iu kin thun li cho qu trnh tiu ha. Trn phn dch ca u xanh v ht sen vi nhau ta c dch hn hp. B sung ng to Bx mong mun cho sn phm. Phi ch trong khong nhit 90 95 o C, thi gian ko di 5 10 pht tnh t khi bt u si n khi kt thc. 2.3.7 ng ha: Dch sa c a qua thit b ng ha. Mc ch ca cng on: ph v cc phn t hn thnh cc phn t nh hn chng khng kt li vi nhau, trnh hin tng phn chia lp ca sa trong qu trnh bo qun, tng gi tr cm quan cho sn phm. 2.3.8 Rt chai Sa c rt nng vo chai thy tinh sch. Mc ch ca qu trnh rt nng: ui kh bn trong chai, trnh hin tng bt np khi thanh trng. Gim kh nng nhim vi sinh vt gy h hng sa. Bo qun. 2.3.9 Thanh trng: Sa c thanh trng 100oC trong thi gian 25 30 pht. Mc ch ca qu trnh thanh trng: tiu dit vi sinh vt c trong sa, t tng thi gian bo qun sa. 2.3.10 Bo n Gi sa trong thi gian mt tun theo di thi gian c th bo qun sa cng nh h hng sa.

2.4 Kt qu
2.4.1 Tnh ton Khi lng ht sen nguyn liu: ms0 = 100g Khi lng u xanh nguyn liu: mx0 = 200g

Khi lng tng nguyn liu: m0 = mx0 + ms0 = 200 + 100 = 300g S dng t l nc : ci = 6 : 1 Vy khi lng dch thu: mdch = 6 x 300 = 1800g Khi lng ht sen sau ngm: ms1 = 100g Khi lng u xanh sau ngm: mx1 = 510g Lng nc b sung trong qu trnh xay: mnc1 = 600g Khi lng b lc: mb = 50g Khi lng dch thu c sau khi lc: mdch lc = ms1 + mx1 - mb + mnc1 = 100 + 510 50 + 600 = 1160g Lng nc cn thm vo 1800g dch sa l: mnc2 = 1800 - 1160 = 640g B sung 640g nc 1800g dch sa. Nng cht kh ca 1800g dch sa: Bxo = 5 Nng cht kh ca sa thng t 12 15 Bx. p dng phng php ng cho ta c: mdch 5 12 mng 100 7 88

Vy khi lng ng cn dng nng t Bx = 5 ln Bx = 12 l: mng = 7 x mdch / 88 = 7 x 1800 / 88 = 143.18g Sau qu trnh nu sa, nng cht kh ca sn phm cui l Bxsp = 12.5 2.4.2 Kt qu Sau khi nu sa: sa u xanh ht sen c v ngt, bo, mi thm ca u xanh, c mi ht sen. Mi v v ca u xanh nhiu hn so vi ht sen. Sn phm c, c mu hi xanh, khng phn lp.

Sau qu trnh bo n trong 1 tun, chai sa phn 3 lp: lp du, lp nc, lp cn. Sa h hng, c mi kh chu. C s phn lp nh vy l do sa l h nh tng, trong thi gian bo qun s phn chia lp, ng thi trong qu trnh ch bin khng s dng ph gia lm bn h, khng c qu trnh ng ha sa.

2.5 Tnh tin Bng 3.2: Tin nguyn liu

STT 1 2 3 Nguyn liu u xanh Ht sen ng n gi (ng/kg) 50 000 100 000 22 000 Tng tin S dng (kg) 0.2 0.1 0.15 Thnh tin (ng) 10 000 10 000 3 300 23 300

Nng lng s dng trong qu trnh ch bin sa: Q = 10% x Tng tin = 10% x 23300 = 2330 (ng) Tng thit hi trong qu trnh ch bin sa u xanh ht sen: Q = Tng tin + Nng lng = 23300 + 2330 = 25630 (ng)

BI 5: MT CHANH DY

3. TNG QUAN
3.1Gii thiu v chanh dy
Chanh dy c tn khoa hc: Passiflora edulis, Sims, thuc h Passifloraceae (h Chm bao), b Violales. Tn ting anh ca chanh dy l passion fruit, passion vine, purple granadilla. c tnh c khong 500 loi thuc ging Passiflora[3], tuy nhin ch c khong 30 loi n c[4]. Chanh dy l loi tri cy c hnh qu trng, mc ch yu vng nhit i v cn nhit. N c ngun gc t Brazil, c, Malaysia v Nam M, nhng li c trng ch yu New Zealand. Chanh dy c mu ta, v ngoi hi sn si, bn trong c nhiu ht v c ci mu vng, v mt. Tuy nhin, ht chanh gin, mm nn c th n c. Chanh dy l loi cy n tri c trin vng ca cc nc ang pht trin. Ti ng bng sng Cu Long, cy c trng ri rc ti Cn Th, Tnh Bin (An Giang), Hn t (Kin Giang)[15]

3.2 Thnh phn dinh dng

Bng 5.1: Gi tr thc phm qu chanh dy tnh trn 100g n c.[2] Thnh phn m Protein Cht bo Carbohydrate Khong Canxi Phospho St Natri Kali Vitamin A Thiamine Riboflavin Niacin Acid ascorbic Gi tr 75.1 2.2 0.7 21.2 0.8 13 64 1.6 28 348 700 0.13 1.5 30 n v g g g g g mg mg mg mg mg IU mg mg mg

Trong dch qu chanh dy c cha cc acid hu c t do: acid citric, acid aspartic v cc acid khc c lin quan chim khong 95% tng s cc acid. Trong 100g tht qu n c c cha:[17] Protein 1,2-2,4g Glucid 8,5-10g Lipid 0,2-0,3g Cc cht khong vi lng: Ca 4-17mg, P 35-64mg, Fe 0,4-2,1mg, Zn, Mg, vitamin A 700-2410IU, vitamin C 30-70mg Cht x 0,6-0,8g. Cc acid amin gm c: prolin, valin, tyrosin, treonin, glycin, leucin, arginin. Ht c cha nhiu du bo n c.

3.3 Nng sut, sn lng

Hin nay chanh dy tr thnh cy trng ph bin. Vic trng chanh dy ti k Nng p ng nhu cu chuyn i c cu cy trng, qua , gp phn tng thu nhp cho nhiu h dn. c tnh sn lng chanh dy ti k Nng khong 65 tn/ha.[18] Ti Ngh An, a phng ang hng ti nng sut bnh qun chanh leo t 450 -500 t/ha/nm, tng sn lng chanh dy nh hnh: 45.000 tn/nm.[19] Ti huyn An Lo, tnh Bnh nh, sn lng chanh dy c tnh 20 tn qu/v.[20] Ti c Trng, Lm ng ging chanh dy v c nhp t i Loan. Nng sut trung bnh ca cc h chuyn canh t 45 50 tn/ha. Ti ng bng sng Cu Long, chanh dy c trng ri rc Cn Th, An Giang, Kin Giang. Tnh Tin Giang c khong 400ha trng cy chanh dy, bnh qun cho thu hoch 60 70 tn qu/ha/nm.

3.4 Li ch ca chanh dy
Theo ng y, tht qu chanh dy c v chua, ngt, tnh mt, tc dng thanh nhit, gii kht, lm tng hng phn, tng cng kh lc v b dng. Ngi ta chng minh trong chanh dy c y ngun vitamin A v C, st, kali v cc thnh phn dinh dng khc cng nh cc hot cht sinh hc c li cho sc kho. Ht chanh dy l mt ngun cht x tuyt vi, chnh cht cm nhy bao quanh ht lm cho chanh dy c mi thm c bit.

Nc p t chanh dy c tc dng ngn chn s pht trin ca t bo ung th nh nhng cht hp cht phytochemical tm thy trong cm qu. Cc acid phenolic v flavonoid c tc dng ngn nga bnh tim mch v chng nhim trng. Cc cht tan trong nc cng nh tan trong du u c tc dng chng oxy ho t bo, tng cng min dch, chng lo ho. Chanh dy cha nhiu loi ng n, gip tng cng th lc nhng khng hi cho ngi tiu ng. Chanh dy l mt ngun vitamin v cht x nn gip gia tng sc kho m khng gy bo ph. Chanh dy c cha hp cht sterol thc vt nn khng lm tng cholesterol trong mu. Chanh dy cn c tc dng an thn, gim au, gim cng thng thn kinh, nhc u, huyt p tng cao, ph n nng ny trong giai on tin mn kinh. Vi ngi kh ng, ung nc chanh dy trc khi ng s gip th gin d hn tm thy mt gic ng m i. Chanh dy c xp vo danh sch thuc h nhit an thn rt tt v c bo ch thnh dng thuc vin. V ht chanh dy l mt ngun cht x n c nn khng cn loi b ht khi ung. N gip nhun trng v cha to bn. Mi ngy 1 2 qu, pha thnh 1 2 ly l tt. Khi dng liu va phi, chanh dy khng gy ra bt k tc dng ph no.

3.5 Tc hi ca chanh dy
D chanh dy nhiu li ch, nhng dng thng xuyn v liu cao hn s dn n cc tc dng ph nh mt mi, bun nn, ngi n v nn ma, i khi gy chng mt v lon nhp tim. Chanh dy cng c th tng tc vi cc thuc an thn v thuc khng histamine hoc mt s tho dc v lm tng mc bun ng. N cn lm tng nguy c chy mu v tng tc vi thuc chng ng. Chanh dy cng d gy d ng trn da nh ni m ay, kh th, hen suyn v ph mch mu. Khng dng chanh dy cho ngi lot d dy v nhiu axt hu c, v c nguy c xut hin si thn.

3.6 Cc sn phm
Nc p tri cy Juicie Chanh dy PET ca Tp on Tn Hip Pht. Pusmax Chanh Leo Vnh Tin, nc p tri cy A nuta hng chanh dy ca Bidrico. Nc chanh dy lon Delta, nc chanh dy hp Delta Nc p chanh dy ng lnh ca cng ty TNHH thc phm Vit Sinh, cng ty TNHH sn xut thng mi Hng Hp. Nc ct chanh dy Vnh Tin, Nc ct chanh dy ca cng ty TNHH Ngc Tho. Sn phm Chanh dy mt ong Viethoney ca cng ty mt ong An Ti. Ngoi ra cn c bt chanh dy thu c t cng ngh sy phun.

4. QUY TRNH CNG NGH

4.1 Quy trnh cng ngh, cng thc l thuyt
Nguyn liu

X l s b Chn X lnh Nghin, xay, ch ng Phi ch 1 C c 1 Phi ch 2 C c 2 Rt nng Thanh trng Ph gia Nc Ph gia

Sn phm

Hnh 5.1: Quy trnh cng ngh ch bin mt l thuyt.

4.2 Quy trnh cng ngh, cng thc thc t:

Chanh dy

B v Nc

Xay Lc ng Phi ch 1 C c 1 Phi ch 2 C c 2 Rt nng Thanh trng Bo n

Citric

Pectin

Jelly Hnh 5.2: Quy trnh cng ngh ch bin mt thc t.

4.3 Thuyt minh quy trnh cng ngh

4.3.1 Chn nguyn liu

Chn nhng qu chanh dy c v mng, chn, mu sng bng, khng b h hng, c mi thm. Mc ch ca cng on: m bo v gi tr dinh dng v yu cu cm quan cho sn phm. 4.3.2 X l s b Qu c gt b v, ht. Ra sch. i vi cc loi qu d b thm en, ngm qu trong dung dch mui long. Mc ch ca cng on: loi b phn tha, khng n c, m bo cht lng dinh dng v cm quan cho sn phm. Chanh dy c b lp v cng, ly ht phn tht qu v ht. 4.3.3 Chn Tht qu c chn 90 95oC trong khong thi gian 10 15 giy. Mc ch ca qu trnh chn: Lm mm tht qu, h tr cho qu trnh xay, nghin. Dit vi sinh vt, enzyme. C nh mu.

i vi chanh dy, b qua giai on x l ny. 4.3.4 X lnh Tht qu sau khi chn c x vi nc lnh ngay. Mc ch ca qu trnh: trnh hin tng chn tht qu, mt mu hay i mu ca tht qu. i vi chanh dy, b qua giai on x l ny. 4.3.5 Xay, nghin, ch Qu c xay, nghin, ch to ng nht cho dch qu, to tnh c th v m bo tnh cm quan ca sn phm. Tht v ht chanh dy c em i xay. Thm nc h tr qu trnh xay. 4.3.6 Lc Lc dch chanh dy qua tm vi mng loi b phn ht en khi dch, trnh gy mu en lm m do v ht cho mt. 4.3.7 Phi ch 1

Trong cng on ny, ta b sung ng, nc, ph gia nh acid citric (b sung 0.5 1% sn phm) vo dch qu. Tnh ton lng ng thm vo Bx dch sau phi ch t 30Bx. Mc ch ca cng on: To ngt thch hp cho sn phm cui. Thm acid citric vo dch qu trnh qu trnh hi ng i vi cc sn phm mt t chua. 4.3.8 C c 1 Nu dch trn la nh. Kim tra lin tc Bx. Khi Bx dch t 50Bx, dng c c. Mc ch ca qu trnh c c 1: Tng nng cht kh cho sn phm, h tr cc qu trnh tip theo. Lm tan ph gia. 4.3.9 Phi ch 2: Dch qu sau c c 1 c b sung thm mi hng, cc ph gia bo qun, ph gia to ng nh aga (b sung 0.5% khi lng sn phm), pectin (b sung 3% khi lng sn phm)... Mc ch ca cng on: Tng gi tr cm quan cho sn phm. Tng thi gian bo qun. Dch chanh dy c phi ch vi pectin. Pectin c ngm vi nc theo t l 1pectin : 20 nc cho ti khi pectin tan ht. Trn pectin vi dch chanh dy. 4.3.10 C c 2 Nu dch phi ch 2 trn la nh. Kim tra lin tc Bx. Khi Bx trong khong 65 72%, kt thc qu trnh c c. Mc ch ca cng on: Tng nng cht kh cho sn phm cui. To ng nht cho sn phm. Tiu dit vi sinh vt. 4.3.11 Rt nng:

Rt ngay dch mt nng vo h. Mc ch ca qu trnh: m bo v sinh cng nghip, bi kh trnh bt np trong qu trnh thanh trng. 4.3.12 Thanh trng: Mt c thanh trng 100oC trong 30 pht. Thanh trng nhm tiu dit vi sinh vt nhim, tng thi gian bo qun. 4.3.13 Bo n Sn phm c gi nhit thng trong 1 tun nhm theo di thi gian bo qun cng nh h hng ca sn phm.

5. Kt qu
5.1 Tnh ton
Khi lng chanh dy nguyn liu: mo = 800g Khi lng chanh dy sau x l: m1 = 330g Lng nc thm vo qu trnh xay: mnc1 = 100g Khi lng dch qu sau xay: m2 = 430g Sn phm mt cui cng d on c khi lng: m = 240g Lng acid citric cho vo dch qu bng 0.5% khi lng sn phm. vy khi lng citric cn s dng l: mcitric = 240 x 0.5% = 1.2g Lng pectin to ng cho sn phm bng 3% khi lng sn phm. vy khi lng pectin cn s dng l: mpectin = 240 x 3% = 7.2g Ha 7.2g vo nc theo t l 1pectin : 20 nc. vy lng nc cn dng ha tan pectin l: 7.2 x 20 = 144 g. ong 150g nc ha tan pectin. Vy mnc2 = 150g. Nng cht kh ha tan ca chanh dy nguyn liu: Bx0 = 16 Nng cht kh ha tan ca dch qu sau xay: Bx1 = 12.5 p dng phng php ng cho ta c: m2 12.5 30 mng 100 17.5 70

Lng ng (mng) cn thm vo 430g dch qu t nng cht kh ha tan l Bx2 = 30Bx: mng = 17.5 x m2 / 70 = 17.5 x 430 / 70 = 107.5 g Sau c c 2, nng cht kh ha tan ca sn phm o c l Bxsp = 72.

5.2 Kt qu
Mt jelly chanh dy c v chua ngt, trong v chua nhiu hn. Mt lng, snh, mu vng sm. mu tr nn sm do phn ng caramel hnh thnh trong qu trnh nu mt. Sau 1 tun bo n, mt khng b h hng, khng phn lp.

6. Tnh tin
Bng 5.2: Tin nguyn liu STT 1 2 Nguyn liu Chanh dy ng n gi (ng/kg) 25 000 22 000 Tng S dng (kg) 0.8 0.11 Thnh tin (ng) 20 000 2 420 22 420

Nng lng s dng trong qu trnh ch bin sa: Q = 10% x Tng tin = 10% x 22420 = 2242 (ng) Tng thit hi trong qu trnh ch bin sa u xanh ht sen: Q = Tng tin + Nng lng = 22420 + 2242 = 24662 (ng)

Ph lc

Hnh 3.3: Ht sen ngm

Hnh 3.4: u xanh ngm nc.

Hnh 3.5: Sa sau khi phi trn

Hnh 3.6: Nu sa

Hnh 3.7: Sa u xanh ht sen sau khi nu.

Hnh 3.8: Sa u xanh ht sen sau khi ng chai.

Hnh 3.9: Sa u xanh ht sen sau 1 tun bo n.

Hnh 5.3: Chanh dy

Hnh 5.4: Nc p tri cy Juicie Chanh dy PET ca Tp on Tn Hip Pht

Hnh 5.5: Nc chanh dy A* nuta ca Bidrico.

Hnh 5.6: Chanh dy nguyn liu

Hnh 5.7: Chanh dy sau khi s ch.

Hnh 5.8: V chanh dy

Hnh 5.9: B ht chanh dy

Hnh 5.10: Dch chanh dy sau khi lc.

Hnh 5.11: Dch chanh dy sau khi phi ch 1

Hnh 5.12: Pectin ngm nc.

Hnh 5.13: Rt nng.

Hnh 5.14: H mt chanh dy.

Hnh 5.15: H mt chanh dy sau 1 tun bo n.

TI LIU THAM KHO [1] Nguyn Vn Tip, Quch nh, Ng M vn, K thut sn xut hp rau qu, , NXB Thanh Nin. [2] Nguyn Th Dim, Lun vn tt nghip Nghin cu ch bin v bo qun ko chanh dy, Trng i hc Cn Th, 2009 http://luanvan.net.vn/luan-van/luan-van-nghien-cuu-che-bien-va-bao-quan-keo-chanhday-38338/ [3] http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/passionfruit.html [4]http://www.linhanhfood.com.vn/web/nuoc-chanh-day---cong-dung-&-cach-chebien/5/17/6.html [5] http://news.bacsi.com/dinh-duong/thuc-pham-dinh-duong/loi-ich-cua-dau-xanh/ [6] http://suckhoedoisong.vn/20100908033619393p44c60/dau-xanh-khac-tinh-cua-benhtat.htm [7] http://baosuckhoe.org/tin-suc-khoe/cong-dung-cua-dau-xanh-voi-suc-khoe.html http://www.nutrition-and-you.com/green_beans.html [8] http://kinhdoanh.vnexpress.net/tin-tuc/thi-truong/thua-lo-do-dau-xanh-rot-gia-manh-

2733326.html [9]http://elib.dostquangtri.gov.vn/ntmn/XA/TRIEU%20GIANG/Include/Index.asp?option =2&ChitietID=22&MenuID=6 [10]http://giaoduc.net.vn/Suc-khoe/Suc-khoe-360/Tac-dung-that-su-cua-hatsen/305082.gd [11] http://www.duoclieu.org/2012/01/sen-hat-lien-nhuc-nelumbo-nucifera.html [12]http://nongnghiep.vn/nongnghiepvn/72/5/90/97349/Tac-dung-chua-benh-cuasen.aspx

[13] http://baoquangnam.com.vn/nong-thon-moi/chuyen-nha-nong/201307/sen-mat-muarot-gia-316542/ [14] http://dongthaptoiyeu.blogspot.com/2008/02/cc-ngnh-sn-xut.html [15]http://sanphamthiennhien-vn.blogspot.com/2013/03/ban-biet-gi-ve-qua-chanhday.html [16] http://phongba1957.violet.vn/entry/show/entry_id/9091177 [17] http://www.baomoi.com/Chanh-day/82/2943844.epi [18] http://www.giatieu.com/phat-trien-chanh-day-theo-huong-ben-vung/4233/ [19] http://thuvienphapluat.vn/archive/Quyet-dinh-1768-QD-UBND-Quy-hoach-phat-

trien-vung-chanh-leo-Que-phong-vb187188.aspx [20] http://www.baobinhdinh.com.vn/viewer.aspx?macm=5&macmp=5&mabb=5729