11

(Inst. 2.15.1-6).

(
2

5:18-19; 1:20; 2:16) ( 1:3; 1:16-17) .

. .

. Tria ista officia, ita in Christo

conjunguntur, ut non solum eorum operationes distinctas exerat, sed eadem actio a tribus
simul prodeat, quod rei admirabilitatem non parum auget. Sic Crux Christi, quae est
Altare sacerdotis, in quo se in victimam Deo obtulit, unde Evangelium vocatur verbum
crucis, et Trophaeum regis, in qua scil. triumphavit de principatibus et potestatibus. Col
ii. 15. Evangelium est lex prophetae, Is. ii. 2, 3, Sceptrum regis Ps. cx. 2, Gladius
sacerdotis, quo penetrat ad intimas cordis divisiones, Heb. iv. 12, et Altare, cui imponi
debet sacrificium fidei nostrae. Ita Spiritus, qui ut Spiritus, sapientiae est effectus
prophetiae, ut Spiritus consolationis est fructus sacerdotii, ut Spiritus roboris et gloriae
5

est regis donum.

11.1. (prophetia Christi)

a. .
61:1-2

1 McNeill, Inst. 2.15.1, n. 2.

, McNeill, Inst. 2.15.2, n. 7.
2 Gods reconciling way with his world in Christ presupposes nonetheless an
unbreakable bond between creation and redemption. Gordon J. Spykman, Reformational
Theology: A New Paradigm for Doing Theology, 406.
3 , Spykman, Reformational Theology,
408-416.
(418-429) .
4 Cf. Bavinck, 3.475-482.
5 Locus XIV. quaest. v. 13, edit. Edinburgh, 1847, vol. ii. pp. 347-348. Quoted in C.
Hodge 2.461.


( 4:18).
( 2:3). (in
summa doctrinae) (Inst. 2.15.2, CO 2.363).
b. 18:15 3:22-23
. ( 4:24; 13:33),
(
8:26-28;

12:49-50;

14:10,

24;

15:15;

17:8,

17-20).

( 24:3-35; 19:41-44), ( 7:29).

.

(ejp! ejscavtou tw'n hJmerw'n touvtwn ejlavlhsen hJmi'n ejn uiJw'/)( 1:2).
c. ( 7:16-17)
( 4:34).
( 5:19). ( 14:10).
d. .
(hJ marturiva !Ihsou' ejstin to; pneu'ma th'" profhteiva")( 19:10).
( 1:11)
( 16:25; 17:24-26; 13:12;
64:4).
.
16:25,
. 64:4,

)/}

(~yhil{a)
.
e. (Verbum Dei ipsum).
, (theophania) .
f. (interpres)

(interpretatio)

(salvator)

(via

salutis)

.
g.

(illuminatio mentis hominum per Spiritum

Sanctum) .

 (cognitio salutis) .
h. ,
.
i. ( 26:67-68).
( 27:39-44;
11:35-37; 12:39). Klass Schilder []

.

11.2. (regium munus Christi)

a.
(ecclesiae

perpetuitas)

(beata

immortalitas) (Inst. 2.15.3, CO 2.363).

.


(Inst. 2.15.4, CO 2.364).
b.
( 24:17, ;
7:16, ; 9:6-7; 2:6,
; 45:1-17; 72:1-19; 110:1-7; 7:13-14; 5:2; 9:9).
c. .
, , ,
, ( 103:19,
).

.
( 28:18, ;
2:9-11; 1:17-23),
.
,

 .
( 11:3-5).

1:49)

(oJ uiJo;" tou' qeou')

,

11:20;

17:20-21).

(basileu;" tou' !Israhvl)(

(basileu;" tw'n !Ioudaivwn)(

19:19)

.
d. ( 1:22; 4:15; 5:23; 1:18; 2:19)

.
().
( 8:23,
, , ; 2:6,
).
( 7:38;
11:11-24; 3:7-9, 29; 2:11-15). ,
. (
3:29; 21:2), ( 5:25; 21:9),
( 8:29; 2:11), ( 21:42; 4:11; 2:4-8),
6

( 15:1-2) .

e. ( 8:6,
) ( 28:18)
( 28:9,
;
28:18; 1:20-22; 2:9-11; 1:13; 2:6-9).
( 10:12; 15:24-28).
, .
f.
( 1:5-6; 5:9-10) .
( 12:28,
;
17:21-22, . . . .
6

 ; 1:13,
),
( 7:21; 19:23;
22:2-14; 25:1-13, 34; 22:29-30; 6:9; 15:50; 5:21; 5:5; 2:12;
4:18; 12:28; 1:11).
g. .
( 1:33,
; 2:44; 7:14, 18, 27; 1:8; 11:15).
(
15:28)
() .
(Cujus regni non erit finis) .
h.
. ( 7:37-39).
( 14:16).
.
. (gubernatio) (defensio)

. (Marcellus of Ancyra ).
i.

(from

before):

1)

( 1:32). 2) (from below):

( 1:48). 3)
(from above): (
2:6). 4) (from ahead):
( 1:15).

11.3. (sacerdotale Christi munus)

a.
.

(aeternus

deprecator) (hostia qui sacerdos) .

(aeterna reconciliationis lege)

( 1:6) (Inst. 2.15.6, CO 2.366-367).
b.
. 1) ( 5:1,
; 9:26,
; 10:12, ; 53:10,
; 2:2,

2)

() ( 7:25,

; 2:1,
; 53:12,
;

8:34,

).
c.
(
5:1-10; 7:1-28; 9:11-15, 24-28; 10:11-14, 19-22; 12:24).
( 3:25)
( 5:7) ( 15:3)
( 5:2) .
( 1:29)
( 2:2; 4:10)
( 3:14).
( 2:24)
( 3:18).
d.
- ( 7:3; 110:4).
( 23:34; 17:20; 5:7)
.

3:12).

(paravklhto, )

( 14:26,

26; 15:26; 16:7;

2:1).

( 3:1; 7:25; 2:1;
12:10), ( 16:8)
(
14:16; 15:16; 16:14). ( 12:24)
( 9:24) ( 8:33-34)
( 7:25)
( 2:4-5; 8:3-5).

[ ]

3 19
mediator reconciliationis( ), mediator patrocinii( ),
mediator doctrinae( ) .

,

7

1542
8

. 1539
(Christi munus triplex) (4.2,
CO 1.513-514), 1559

Comm. Gal.3:19 (62, CO 50.216-217): Sicuti ergo mediator est reconciliationis, per
quem accepti sumus Deo, mediator patrocinii, per quem accessus nobis patet ad patrem
invocandum: ita mediator semper fuit omnis doctrinae: quia per ipsum semper Deus se hominibus
patefecit.
8 Calvin: Theological Treatises, tr., intro., and notes by J. K. S. Reid, in Library of
Christian Classics, vol. 22 (Philadelphia: Westminster, 1954), 96 (CO 6.21-22). 1536
(2.14, CO 1.69) 1537/8 (22, CO 5.338)
.

. 1559
:
(summa doctrinae)
(Inst. 2.15.2, CO
2.363). (sacerdos) (sacrificium)

(Inst. 2.15.6, CO 2.366-377).

(ecclesiae perpetuitatem) (beatae immortalitatis)

(Inst. 2.15.3, CO 2.363-364).

(Inst. 2.5.14, CO 2.364-365).
10

11

3 19-20

, , , , .
12

13

9 , Klauspeter Blaser, Calvins Lehre von den drei

mtern Christi, Theologische Studien 105 (Zrich: EVZ Verlag, 1970), 7-23.
10
. . First Response to Stancaro, 13 (CO 9.338); Second
Response to Stancaro, 147 (CO 9.350).
11 (Willis) mediation as sustenance
.

. Calvins Catholic Christology, 70.
12 Gal. 3:19-20 (448-455, CO 50.539-544)
:
(Angelus)
.
.
. ,
, .
13 (Blaser)
(Wort)
(das Freiheitsamt),
(Wesen)

1) Christus Mediator Reconciliationis( )

()
.
;
.

14

,
15

() .

:
.

16

. (Immanuel)
,
.
17

(natura legislatoris) .
18

(das Gehorsamsamt),
(Werk) (das
Lebensamt). Calvins Lehre von den drei mtern Christi, 24-44.
14 Comm. Ex. 25:17 (2.156, CO 24.406).
15 Comm. Ex. 29:38-41 (2.293-295, CO 24.489-491).
, Comm. Lev. 1:1-17 (2.323-326, CO 24.506-508); Lev. 17:1 (2.260, CO
24.468); Gen. 8:20 (1.281, CO 23.138); Ps. 119:108 (4.482, CO 32.261):

.
16 Comm. Gen. 4:7 (1.201, CO 23.89).
17 Comm. Isa. 8:10 (1.274. CO 36.173); Matt. 1:23 (1.68-69, CO 45.68-69).
18 . Inst. 2.8.51, 59; Comm. Deut. 26:17-19 (1.361, CO 24.224); Deut. 13:5 (2.75,

 .
.
19

2) Christus Mediator Patrocinii( )

20

(nudo
21

symbolo) .

(sacramentali modo) .

(figuras)

(symbola) (, metonomy)
.
,
CO 24.356); Ex. 20:4-6 (2.107, CO 24.376); Ex. 34:17, et al. (2.117, CO 24.283); Deut. 4:12-18
(2.120, CO 24.384-386); Ex. 25:8-15 (2.150-155, CO 24.403-405); Ex. 25:31-39 (2.163-165, CO
24.409-411); Ex. 26:31-37 (2.175, CO 24.417); Ex. 20:13, et al. (3.21, CO 24.612-613); Deut.
24:16 (3.50-51, CO 24.631); Deut. 24:14-15 (3.114, CO 24.671); Deut. 10:17-19 (3.118, CO
24.674); Ex. 20:17, et al. (3.187, CO 24.718); Deut. 29:22-28 (3.280, CO 25.51).
19 Comm. I Jn. 4:10 (292, CO 55.354): [F]ilium suum interposuit Deus, ad se nobis
reconciliandum, quia nos amabat.
20 (umbra-veritas vel
substantia analogia) , Ex.12: 46 (1.467, CO 24.292, ); Ex. 27:20-21,
et al. (2.167, CO 24. 411-412, ); Ex. 26: 1-37 (2.171-176, CO
24.414-417, ); Ex. 27:1-8 (2.177-178, CO 24.418-419, ); Ex.
28:42-43 (2.205-206, CO 24.435-436, ); Ex. 30:25-33 (2.224,
CO 24.446-447, ); Lev. 21:1-12 (2.227-230, CO
24.448-450, ); Ex. 29.38-41 (2.296-297, CO 24.490-491,
); Lev. 16: 7-11 (2.316-317, CO 24.502-503, ); Lev.
16:16 (2.318-319, CO 24.503-504, ); Lev. 1:1-17
(2.323-326, CO 24. 506-508, ); Lev. 2:1-10 (2.328-329, CO 24.509-510,
); Lev. 6:1-7 (2.356-362, CO 24.525-529, ); Lev. 22:17-21
(2.378-381, CO 24.540-541, ); Ex. 20:8 (2.435, CO 24.577,
); Ex. 31:13-17 (2.442-444, CO 24.583-584,
); Lev. 23:10-23, 34-35 (2.456-458, 462-463, CO 24.591-592, 594-595, ).
, Inst. 2.7.16 (CO 2.264); Comm. Col. 2:17 (337-338, CO
52.110-111); Matt. 5:17 (1.180, CO 45.171); Heb. 9:6-12 (117-120, CO 55.107-110).
21 Comm. Ex. 30:1-9 (2.182, CO 24.421).

(quatenus

in

externis
22

sacrificiis Christum apprehenderunt patres, illic vere exhibita fuit expiatio).

(sursum corda)
23

(Inst. 4.17.36, CO 2.1039, cf. 4.17.18, CO 2.1016-1017).

24

,
(tollendas esse sursum
mentes) (Inst. 3.20.16, CO 2.642).

25

(deprecatorem)

. (Inst. 2.15.6, CO
26

2.367),

(accommodatio) sursum corda (cf. Inst.

2.15.5)
.

3) Christus Mediator Doctrinae( )

22

Comm. Lev. 17:10-14 (3.31, CO 24.619-620).

. Inst. 2.7.1, CO 2.253:

. (altius
erigeret eorum mentes) ; Comm. Ex. 12:21-22 (1.221, CO 24.221):
. . . .

(extulerit ad verum et coeleste exemplar) .
.
24
John Calvins Response to the Questions of Giorgio Biandrata, 59-60, 62
(CO 9.329-330). . Comm. Ps. 50:14-15 (2.269-274, CO 31.500-503); Dan. 9:23 (2.194, CO
41.166); Matt. 6:9 (206, CO 45.196); Serm. Isa. 53:12 (140-152, CO 35.679-687); Deut. 11:26-32
(482a-488b, CO 27.135-149); Forms of Prayer for the Church, in Tracts and Treatises, 2.101
(CO 6.175); Catechism of the Church of Geneva, in Tracts and Treatises, 2.73 (CO 6.89-90).
25 . Inst. 3.20.1 (CO 2.625); First Catechism 27 (CO 5.343).
26 . Comm. Ex. 28:1-43 (2.191-193, CO 24.426-427); Ex. 30:23-24 (2.222-224, CO
24.445-446); Lev. 21:17-21 (2.239-240, CO 24.456); Lev. 16:3-6 (2.315-316, CO 24.501-502);
Hos. 8:4 (283, CO 42.364).
23


(extra Christum)
27

(signum)
28 12 .

(etiam extra carnem)
(praesentia) the so-called extra Calvinisticum
. -

28

(aeterna imago) .

(essentia)

(coessentialis)

(ad nos) .
.

29

. Comm. Jn. 5:27 (1.132, CO 46.118); Jn. 6:45 (1.165, CO 46.150); Jn. 10:7
(1.260, CO 46.238); Jn. 10:15 (1.266, CO 46.243); Jn. 17:3 (2.136-137, CO 46.376-377); Jn.
17:8 (2.139-140, CO 46.379-380). (Willis) the so-called extra Calvinisticum
totus-totum (extra hanc carnem)
. (extra Christum)
,
.
Calvins Catholic Christology, 109, 114. (Augustine)
. . Robert E. Cushman, Faith
and Reason, in A Companion to the Study of St. Augustine, ed. Roy W. Battenhouse (New
York: Oxford University Press, 1956), 304-310.
28 Comm. Gen. 28:12 (2.112, CO 23.391). Cf. Comm. Col. 1:15 (308-309, CO
46.84-85); Jn. 1:18 (1.25, CO 46.19); Jn. 14:10 (2.78, CO 46.326); Heb. 1:5 (10-12, CO 55.14);
Isa. 6:1 (1.201, CO 36.126). , Hans
Helmut Esser, Zur Anthtopologie Calvins MenschenwrdeImago dei Zwischen Humanistischem
und Theologischem Ansatz, Hervormde Theologiese Studies 35/1-2 (1979), 33-34, 38-39; J.
Faber, Imago Dei in Calvin: Calvins Doctrine of Man as the Image of God in Connection with
Sin and Restoration, tr. J. D. Wielenga, in Essays in Reformed Doctrine (Alberta, Canada:
Inheritance Publications, 1990), 264-267; Randall C. Zachman, Jesus Christ as the Image of God
in Calvins Theology, Calvin Theological Jounal 15/1 (1990), 45-62.
29 Comm. II Cor. 4:4 (55-56, CO 50.51). . Serm. Deut. 5:17 (165, CO 26.333).


.
27

 co-essentia (persona)

(essentia

divina)

(divinitas)

(humanitas)
, (imago Christi)
30

(Inst. 2.12.6-7, CO 2.344-347).

31

(ruditati)

(internuncius)

(umbratilis sacerdos)
. (figura)
(arcano patris
sinu)
32

(Osiander)
.
.
(imago Christi) (iustitia essentialis)
(infusa) ,
.
,
(nos una cum Deo
iustos esse) (Inst. 3.11.5-12, . 3.11.11, CO 2.541).
, J. Faber, Imago Dei in Calvin: Calvins
Doctrine of Man as the Image of God by Virtue of Creation, in Essays in Reformed Doctrine,
234-239; Peter Wyatt, Jesus Christ and Creation in the Theology of John Calvin (Allison Park,
Pa.: Pickwick Publications, 1996), 39.
31 Comm. Deut. 17:8-11 (2.262-265, CO 24.470-471, . 262, CO 24.470).
(interpres legis)
. . Lev. 10:9-11 (2.235, CO 24.453); Num. 35:1-3 (2.249, CO 24.462);
Jn. 3:13 (1.71-72, CO 47.62).
30

33

[John Murray ]

( 5:1) ( 8:3)
( 9:12, 25, 26).
( 7:17) ( 8:1)

( 8:1). Murray
.
1) ( 8:34) .

( 7:25).

.
. ( 17:20-21).

.

. ( 8:17)
( 17:24) ( 14:16)
( 16:26).
.
.
.


( 8:33-34).
2) ( 2:1)
( 9:24).
( 2:17-18; 4:14-15).
.
32
33

Comm. Ex. 28:4-8 (2.198, CO 24.430-431).

John Murray, 1.62-76.

 (
10:19-22).
3) ( 10:21).
( 3:1-6),
( 2:5), .
4) ()(
7:20-22; 9:15).
,

.
.
.


?

 12

.
1)
( 17:11) .
2)

.
3)
( 3:16) ( 5:20).

. .
4)
( ) .
(
1:2; 3:6; 8:9, 15, 17; 4:4-5).
5)
( 1:22; 5:5; 1:14).
6)
( 3:17; 8:20)
( 8:21-22; 21:5; 1:20).
.

 13
13.1.
.

(in se) (ad nos)
(pro nobis) .

.

( 1:18).

(moving

cause)

53:10;

2:14;

1:4;

1:19-20).

(Inst. 1.16.8,
CO

2.152)

(Socinus)

(1555)

() :
(nam Christus non
34

nisi ex Dei beneplacito quidquam mereri potuit) (Inst. 2.17.1, CO 2.387).

1559

:
,
. (Inst. 2.17.1, CO 2.387).
( 3:16) ( 3:26)
.
.
34 Responsio ad aliquot Laelii Socini senensis quaestiones, CO 10/1.160. David Willis,
The Influence of Laelius Socinus on Calvins Doctrines of the Merits of Christ and the
Assurance of Faith, in Italian Reformation Studies in Honor of Laelius Socinus, ed. John A.
Tedeschi (Firenze: F. Le Monnier, 1965), 235; McGrath, The Intellectual Origins of the
European Reformation, 104-105. In dealing with the office of the law in his book Beneficio di
Christo, Socinus does not mention its normative use at all. Tedeschi ed., ibid., 49-50.


( 3:24-25).

, .

13.2.
a. :

(Hugo

Grotius)

.
b. ( ) :

. .
.
, , , , .
: It was of the greatest importance for us that he who
was to be our Mediator be both true God and true man. If someone asks why this is
necessary, there has been no simple (to use the common expression) or absolute
necessity. Rather, it has stemmed from a heavenly decree, on which mens salvation
depended. Our most merciful Father decreed what was best for us(Inst. 2.12.1).
c. :

(//)

12.3.
a.

(sacrificium):

(expiatio)

9:23)

( 5:1-10; 7-10).
b. (, propitiatio): iJlasmo
(rp'K:) . ( 21:8) (
4:35; 16:30) ( 10:17) ( 3:25; 2:2),
( 4:10), ( 2:17) . ,
, .
c. (reconciliatio):
katallavssw() katallaghvv() .

( 5:8-11; 5:18-21;
1:20-21; 2:16).
d. (redemptio):

(hL:aUG, 25:24, 51-52; 4:7), ( 111:9;

130:7),

3:49),

49:9)

(ajpoluvtrwsi, 21:28; 3:24; 8:23; 1:30;

4:30) (luvtrwsi, 2:38) .
(luvtron, 20:28) (ajntiluvtron, 2:6)
.
e. : (Schedd)
. 1)
. 2)
. 3)
.

.
. ( 5:1).
( 5:1-3, 6:22-27).
( 16:5). 12

( 28:9-29). ( 16:15-21).
( 16:15-21).
.

17:11).

( 1:4). ( 53:6, 12; 1:29;

5:21; 3:13; 9:28; 2:24). .
. peri
( 8:3; 1:4; 3:18; 2:2); , uJper peri
( 15:3; 1:4)
( 22:19,
20; 15:13; 5:14, 15, 20, 21; 2:6; 3:18). ajnti
(substitution) ( 20:28- (luvtron ajnti
;pollw'n); 10:45).
. ( 5:8-9; 5:19;
2:8).
f. : ( 1:3; 9:12; 25-28)
( 5:9) ( 10:14).
. .
( 8:1-34;
12:5-11).
. (
2:10; 10:12-14; 1:7).
. ( 2:7-10).

satisfactio vicaria .
( ). (
).

[]

Expiatio, Propitiatio, Reconciliatio (, , ):

1. ,

opus magnum [ (Gereformeerde Dogmatiek)]

.

35

(Magnalia Dei)] ,

36

, ,
.

[ ] .

.

37

[ ], [ ] ()
,
.

38

39

.

.

40

35 Herman Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, vol. 1, Prolegomena, vol. 2, God and

Creation, ed. vol. 3, Sin and Salvation in Christ, ed. John Bolt, tr. John Vriend (Grand Rapids:
Baker, 2003, 2004, 2006). 4
. Gereformeerde Dogmatiek 4 .
Herman Bavinck, The Last Things: Hope for This World and the Next, ed. John Bolt, tr. John
Vriend (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1996).
36 Herman Bavinck, Our Reasonable Faith, tr. Henry Zylstra (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans,
1956).
37 Herman Bavinck, The Doctrine of God, ed. & tr. W. Hendriksen (Grand Rapids:
****, 1951). .
38 Herman Bavinck, The Philosophy of Revelation (New York: Longmans, Green, and
Co., 1909); The Certainty of Faith, tr. Harry der Netherlanden (Ontario, Canada: Paideia, 1980).
39
, Cornelius Van Til, Bavinck the Theologian, Westminster Theological
Journal 1961(24/1). rep., 1-17. . R. H.
Bremmer, Herman Bavinck als Dogmaticus (Kampen: J. H. Kok, 1961).
40 Bavinck, Our Reasonable Faith, 332.

 (ordo docendi) - - .
. ,
. (substantia)
. .

41

42

(pactum salutis) .
, ,
.
, , .

43

. [
] , ,
. [ ] .

44

[ ] [
] .

45

.
[ ]
.

41 Cf. (2.6)
(2.7-8) (2.12-14) (2.15-16) (2.17)
/ / . Institutio
christianae religionis . . . , 1559 . Institutes of the
Christian Religion, ed. John T. McNeill, tr. Ford Lewis Battles, Library of Christian Classics,
vols. 20-21 (Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1960), 2.9-11.
. Francis Turretin, Institutes of Elenctic Theology, ed. James T. Dennison, tr.
George Musgrave Giger (Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing, 1994), 169-500.
Charles Hodge, Systematic Theology, 3 vols., rep (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995), 2.354-638.
42 Hodge, Systematic Theology, 2.358-362; Turretin, Institutes of Elenctic Theology, 174,
177-178.
43 (the plan of
salvation) (an economy of redemption, 1:9-10; 3:9). Charles Hodge
(supralapasarianism) (infralapsarianism)
(118-125).
Hodge, Systematic Theology, 2.313-324; , [ ], , (:
, 1991), 118-125.
--
. Benjamin B. Warfield, The Plan of Salvation (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1977).
44 Bavinck, Our Reasonable Faith, XIV. The Covenant of Grace(260-279); XV. The
Mediator of the Covenant(280-307); XVI. The Divine and Human Nature of Christ(308-329);
XVII. The Work of Christ in His Humiliation(330-356); XVIII. The Work of Christ in His
Exaltation(357-385).
45 Henry Zylstra, in Bavinck, Our Reasonable Faith, Preface, 6.

[ ]
.
.

46

.
.
.

48

47

49

50

.

.

51

52

. .

.
.

53

.
.

54

.

.

55

(gratia immerita)
.

56

.

.
.

46

57

Turretin, Institutes of Elenctic Theology, 417-482; Hodge, Systematic Theology,

2.480-591.
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57

Bavinck,
Bavinck,
Bavinck,
Bavinck,
Bavinck,
Bavinck,
Bavinck,
Bavinck,
Bavinck,
Bavinck,
Bavinck,

Reformed
Reformed
Reformed
Reformed
Reformed
Reformed
Reformed
Reformed
Reformed
Reformed
Reformed

Dogmatics,
Dogmatics,
Dogmatics,
Dogmatics,
Dogmatics,
Dogmatics,
Dogmatics,
Dogmatics,
Dogmatics,
Dogmatics,
Dogmatics,

3.327-361.
3.361-368.
3.368-406.
3.406-417.
3.419.
3.421-424, 421.
3.424-436.
3.436-447.
3.447-455.
3.455-475.
3.475-482.


. .
.
.
. ()
.
.
.

2. :

, (swthria, 1:21; 2:11; 3:17;

12:47) . , ( 26:28;
1:7); ( 1:29; 3:5); (
10:22); ( 4:25); ( 1:30); ( 3:26; 4:5-6; 1:5);
( 2:18; 3:12);
( 3:25; 2:2; 4:10; 2:17);
(katallagh, 5: 10 f.;
5:18-20) ;
( 5:1); , ( 15:26; 2; 4:6);
( 1:12-13); ( 1:30); (
6:3 f.); ( 6:6 f.; 2:20); ( 6:14);
( 5:26; 1:7, 9) ( 9:22;
12:24; 1:2) ( 6:11; 1:5; 7:14);
( 6:4); ( 6:5; 2:6;
3:20); ( 10:38; 2:21 f.);
( 6:14; 7:1-6; 3:13; 2:14); (
14:24; 7:22; 9:15; 12:24); ( 11:22; 14:30;
2:15; 3:8; 1:13); ( 16:33; 4:4; 5:4);
( 5:12 f.; 15:55 f.; 2:15); (
10:27-28); , , ( 11:25; 15:21);
( 2:6); ( 17:24); ( 14:2; 1:4);

 ( 3:15, 36)
( 10:30; 6:22) ; ( 3:13; 21:1,
58

5); ( 3:21; 15:24-28).

.
(evrgon) ,
. (qusia, xb;z), (prosfora, dwron, !B'r.q' hx'n.m)i
. (lutron, avntilutron, hL'aug,. ~yiW.dP., rp,K)o
.
(timh) . , .
(i`lasthrion) (katara) .
, (u`per sou) (quma) .

59

60

. .

.
.
(redemptio)
(reconciliatio) .
.

(hx'n.m,i

hl'[,o hb;z,, hV,a;i dwron,

i`ereion, prosfora, qusia, teleth;

oblatio,

sacrificium) .
.

61

(expiatio)

. () .
(honor) .
(propitiatio) .

.
.
.

58

Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.339-340.

Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.337-339.
60 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.337.
61 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.328.
: hl'A[(), ~ymil'v.(),
hx'n.m(i ), taP'x;(), ~v'a'(). Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.338, n. 27. Franz
Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Prophecies of Isaiah, tr. James Martin, 2 vols. (Grand
Rapids: Eerdmans, 1949), 2.299 .
59

 .
.
.
.

62

. (reconciliatio) .
.
63

().

(!heK,o i`ereuj, sacerdos) (hx'n.m)i

.
.
.
( 17:11).

.
.

(rp,K,o lutron)
(rPek)i
64

.

.
.
.
. ,
,
.

62
63

Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.329-330.

Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.331-332, 334. , De civitate Dei

X.6(331).
64 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.333-334.
. Benjamin B. Warfield, The New Testament Terminology
of Redemption, Redeemer and Redemption, Christ Our Sacrifice, in The Works of
Benjamin B. Warfield, vol. 2, Biblical Doctrines (New York: Oxford University Press, 1932),
327-372, 375-398, 401-435; Hodge, Systematic Theology, 2. 469-470, 478-479, 501-523.

 (i`lasthrion, i`lasmoj)

. (katallagh)
65

.
. ,
.

.
.
(an immanent process in the life of God) .

66

(i`rasmoj) (katallagh)
. i`raskesqai

katallassen
67

- .
(katallagh) (expiatio)
(propitiatio) (reconcilatio) .


.
.
. 1) .
, , , (avpolutrwsij) ; 2) .
, , , ; 3) .
; 4) .
; 5) .
; 6) . , , ,
. .

3.

65
66
67
68

Bavinck,
Bavinck,
Bavinck,
Bavinck,

Reformed
Reformed
Reformed
Reformed

Dogmatics,
Dogmatics,
Dogmatics,
Dogmatics,

3.447-448.
3.448-449, 449.
3.450.
3.451.

68

.
.
69

.
70

.
(forma religionis)
. (materia)
(instrumenta) .

71

. -
. .

.
72

(tyrb) ,
,
73

. , ,
.

. (sunqhkh)
(diaqhkh)
.

74

69

Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.215.

, Bavinck, Our Reasonable Faith, 280-307.
71 (1636-1708)
. De oeconomia foederum Dei cum hominibus
(substantia) (essentia)
: , ; ,
; , . Herman Witsius, The
Economy of the Covenants between God and Man: Comprehending A Complete Body of Divinity,
2 vols., tr. William Crookshank (London: R. Baynes, 1990), 3.2.1-2.
72 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.196-200, 200.
73 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.203.
74 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.203-206.
70

 .

75

?
.

. (pactum salutis)

.

. (fideiussor)
(expromissor)
.

76

.
.

77

.

. .
.
78

. .

.
.
. .
. .
(expiatio) (propitiatio) (satisfactio)
. .
. (reconcilatio)
.

79

75

Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.220-222.

Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.212-216. ,
Turretin, Institutes of Elenctic Theology, 240-247.
77 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.224.
78 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.434.
79 Bavinck, Our Reasonable Faith, 357-359.
76

4.

.
.
.
?

.

,
.

80

81

.

82

83

(Osiander) .

84

80

Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.343-344.

Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.343-344.
.
.
82 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.349-350.
83 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.345-347.
84 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.353-354.
.
.
.
.
81

85

86

.

.
(obedientia activa et passiva)
.
.
87

, ,
(by dispensation) (formally)
.

88

89

.
.
.

90

.
91

.
(dikaiwsij zwhj)( 5:18-19) (obedientia vitae)

85

Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.354-361.

Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.347-349.
87 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.345.
88 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.363-364.

.
89 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.363.
90 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.374-377.
(voluntas) (Laelius Socinus)
.
(principium amoris est iustitia) . Inst. 2.17.1-2(CO
2.386-388), 2.17.2(CO 2.387).
91 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.377-378.
86

 (obedientia mortis) .

,
.
92

.
.
.
.
.
(solidaristic-reparatory)
(substitutionary-expiatory) .
94

93

.
.

95

.
, .

96

.
, , , ,
.

97

40
98

92

Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.378-380.

Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.385-386.
94 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.384.
95 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.399-402.
96 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.404-405.
97 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.473-475.
,
, ,
.
. John Murray, Collected Writings of John Murry, Vol. 1, The Claims of
Truth (Carlisle, PE: Banner of Truth, 1976), 62-76.
98 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.475-476.
93


.


.
.

99

. .
100

.
2
. .
101

. .

5. : ,

(obedientia activa) (obedientia passiva)
.

99

Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.476-479.

Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.479-481.
101 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.481-482.
(the mediatorship of union) .
John Bolt
(3.482, n. 165).
(Marcellus of
Ancyra) . Inst. 2.14.3 (CO
2.356): Sit igitur nobis haec rectae intelligentiae clavis, neque de natura divina, neque de
humana simpliciter dici, quae ad mediatoris officium spectant. Regnabit ergo Christus donec
prodierit mundi iudex, quatenus pro infirmitatis nostrae modulo patri nos coniungit. Ubi autem
consortes coelestis gloriae Deum videbimus qualis est, tunc perfunctus mediatoris officio, desinet
patris legatus esse, et ea gloria contentus erit, qua potiebatur ante mundum conditum. Nec alio
respectu peculiariter in Christi personam competit Domini nomen, nisi quatenus medium gradum
statuit inter Deum et nos. Quo pertinet illud Pauli: unus Deus ex quo omnia, et unus Dominus
per quem omnia (I Cor. 8:6); nempe cui temporale imperium a patre mandatum est, donec facie
ad faciem conspicua sit divina eius maiestas; cui adeo nihil decedet, imperium patri reddendo, ut
longe clarior emineat. Nam et tunc desinet caput Christi esse Deus, quia Christi ipsius deitas ex
se ipsa fulgebit, quum adhuc velo quodam sit obtecta.
381

. , , [] (:
, 2003), 289-298, 296.
100

 .
.
.
.

. .

102

( )

.
.
. .

, , .

,
.
. .
.
. .

103

.
.

104

.
.

105

106

(expiatio)
102

Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.391.

Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.405-406.
104 Cf. Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, vol. 3, Sin and Salvation in Christ, Editors
Introduction, 17-19.
.
Chul-won Suh, The Creation-Mediatordship of Jesus Christ (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1982), 194-197
(Cf. Bavinck, Gereformeerde Dogmatiek, 1:352; 2.532; 4.667).
105 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.277-280. Cf. Andreas Osiander, An Filius Dei fuerit
incarnandus . . ., 1550.
106 Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, 3.470-473.
103


(propitiatio) (reconciliatio)

.



.
.

.

107

107 Landwehr . Zylstra, in Bavinck, Our Reasonable Faith,

Preface, 6-7.

13.4.
13.4.1.

.

.
( )
.

a.

:
. ,
.
.

b.

(recaptitulation theory):
(esoteric)

13.4.2.

a.

(moral influence theory) ():

.
.

. P. Abelard Hastings Rashdall
Horace Bushnell .

.

b.

(the example theory) ():

. Laelius
Socinus(1525-1562) Fautus Socinus(1539-1604) .
2:21,
.

.
.
.

.

c.

John

Scotus

Eerigena,

Osiander,
.

Swenkfeld

.
.

108

Edward

Irving(1792-1834) (theory of gradually extirpated depravity)

. *
.

13.4.3.

108 Cur Deus Homo, 1.11: Nec sufficit solummodo reddere quod ablatum est, sed pro
contumelia illata plus debet reddere quam abstulit. . . . Sic ergo debet omnis qui peccat,
honorem deo quem rapuit solvere; et haec est <satisfaction>, quam omnis peccator deo debet
facere. 2.6: . . . satisfaction, quam nec potest facere nisi dues nec debet nisi homo; necesse
est ut eam faciat dues-homo.

a.

(satisfaction theory): Cur Deus Homo

.

.
.
.

b.

(governmental theory): Hugo Grotius(1583-1645)

.
.

.
()
. .
. .
.
.
.
.
.

.

c.

(theory of vicarious penitence): Jonathan Edwards

J. McLeod Campbell(1800-1872) R. C. Mobely


.


.
109

109 Daniel L. Migliore .

( ), ,
.
().
().
,
( ). Faith Seeking Understanding:
An Introduction to Christian Theology, [ ], 227-228.

[]

(satisfactio Christi):
1. :

110

(historia

salvifica)

(doctrina salutis) (persona

in se) (officium ipsius ad nos)
.
(nexus) .

,
( ) ( ) .
( , ratio) ( , res) .
.

.
, - .
.
-
111

(scopus) .

,
() . ,
,
110

. George Smeaton, Christs

Doctrine of Atonement, originally in 1870 (Edinburgh: Banner of Truth, 1991); J. McLeod
Campbell, The Nature of the Atonement, originally in 1856 (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1996);
Thomas Hywel Hughes, The Atonement: Modern Theories of the Doctrine (London: George
Allen & Unwin, 1949); Archibald Alexander Hodge, The Atonement (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans,
1953); Gustaf Auln, Christus Victor: An Historical Study of the Three Main Types of the
Idea of the Atonement (New York: Macmillan, 1969); Colin Gunton, The Actuality of
Atonement: A Study of Metaphor, Rationality and the Christian Tradition (Edinburgh: T & T
Clark, 1988); Charles E. Hill and Frank A. James III, ed., The Glory of Atonement: Biblical,
Historical & Practical Perspectives, ed. (Downers Grove, IL: IVP, 2004).

111

- .
- .

 -
.

(imputatio

iustitiae)

(iustitia

imputata)

(satisfactio).
.
,
(elevatio).

112

, .
. .

(mediator foederis)
.

113

.
. ,
.
( 53:10; 2:14; 1:4; 1:19-20). (moving cause)
.
(pactum salutis) . ,
114

elevatio (Karl Barth)

(Karl Rhaner) (deificatio)
. (qeopoihsij)
,
. Cf. Frances
Young, From Nicaea to Chalcedon: A Guide to the Literature and Its Background
(Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1983), 73-76, 82.
113 Cf. (Heinrich Heppe)
( ) ()
( ) ( ) . Reformed
Dogmatics: Set out and Illustrated from the Sources, rev. and ed. Ernst Bizer, tr. G. T.
Thomson (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1950), 458-459, 463.
. Die Dogmatik der evangelisch-reformirten Kirche
(Elberfeld: Verlag von R. L. Friderichs, 1861).
112

114

. . . nam Christus non nisi ex Dei beneplacito quidquam mereri potuit. Institutio christianae
religionis, in libros quatuor nunc primum digesta, certisque distincta capitibus, ad aptissimam
methodum: aucta etiam tam magna accessione ut propemodum opus novum haberi possit,
1559, 2.17.1, CO 2.387. . Institutes of the
Christian Religion, ed. John T. McNeill, tr. Ford Lewis Battles, Library of Christian Classics,
vols. 20-21 (Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1960). Inst. .. .
Ioannis Calvini opera quae supersunt omnia CO .
(voluntas Dei) (meritum Christi)
. Cf. Responsio ad aliquot Laelii Socini senensis quaestiones, CO
10/1.160. David Willis, "The Influence of Laelius Socinus on Calvins Doctrines of the Merits
of Christ and the Assurance of Faith," in Italian Reformation Studies in Honor of Laelius
Socinus, ed. John A. Tedeschi (Firenze: F. Le Monnier, 1965), 235.

 ( 3:16) ( 3:26) .
(expiatio) (propitiatio) (reconciliatio) (redemptio).

2. ()

(atonement, at-one-ment)
. satisfacere
satisfactio
. satisfacere satis()+facere()
,
.
satisfactio , ,
115

, .

, [] []
. .
-() -() .

, .
.
satisfacere, satisfactio
116

, (laG) , .

(atonement) (satisfactio)

()

(Francis Turretin, 1623-1687) .

(necessity), (truth), (perfection), (matter), (object)

117

.
(obedientia activa) (obedientia passiva)

115

Charlton T. Lewis, A Latin Dictionary, Founded on Andrews' Edition of Freunds Latin

Dictionary, Revised, Enlarged, and in Great Part Rewritten (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998),

1634.
satisfactio , , .
. .
117 Francis Turretin, Institutes of Elenctic Theology, vol. 2, Eleventh through Seventeenth
Topics, tr. George Musgrave Giger, ed. James T. Denniso, Jr. (Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian
and Reformed Publishing, 1992), 417-482.
116

.
.

118

(Charles Hodge)

(ordo docendi)
. ?(For Whom did
Christ die?)
119

(satisfactio)

satisfaction atonement
A. A. (Atonment)
.
atonement

satisfaction

atonement satisfaction
. satisfaction

(pecuniary)

(penal) . satisfaction (ipso facto)

, (, substitution)

120

(vicarious)

(expiation)

(propitiation)

B. B. .

(satisfaction)

(atonement) .

Heppe, Reformed Dogmatics, 458-479, 459.

Charles Hodge, Systematic Theology, vol. 2, rep. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995), 480-591.
(munus mediatori)
. , , .

(intercession) .
(Institutes of Elenctic Theology, 2.375-500).
(Ibid., 455-609).
120 A. A. Hodge, The Atonement, 33-41. (Thomas Aquinas) meritum
satisfactio penal obedience, holy obedience .
Ibid., 43-44. (Augustus H. Strong) (atonement)
(satisfaction) , (substitution)
. Systematic Theology, A Compendium Designed for the Use of Theological
Students, Three volumes in one (Old Tappan, NJ: Fleming H. Revell, 1907), 713-771.
(archetype)
(representative) (identification)
(Ethical Monism)
(James Oliver Buswell) . A Systematic Theology of the Christian Religion, vol. 2
(Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1963), 97-102.
118
119

( 5:11, )
.

(reconciliation)

, katallag .

(propitiation)

kipper,

kippurim .


.

121

A. A. atonement
satisfaction .
(Robert L. Dabney) satisfaction (a
vicarious atonement) .

122

(William G. T. Shedd) atonement satisfaction

123

(John Murray) (atonement)

124

(Herman Bavinck) (atonement) (reconciliation,

kattalagh) , (i,lasthrion, 3:25) (i,lasmoj, 2:2;
4:10) (
5:9-10; 5:18-19; 3:13) .
(rpk, 1:3; 6:7; 10:17; 15:15, 30; 19:22; 15:28; 31:50)
( 8:19; 16:46) (i`laskesqai)
.

125

(Louis Berkhof)
(atonement) . (substitution)

Benjamin Breckinridge Warfield, Atonement, in Studies in Theology, rep. (Grand Rapids:

Baker, 2003), 261.
122 Robert L. Dabney, Lectures in Systematic Theology, rep. (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1980),
485-535.
123 William G. T. Shedd, Dogmatic Theology, 3rd ed. ed. Alan W. Gomes (Phillipsburg, NJ:
Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing, 2003), 690-760.
124 John Murray, Redemption Accoomplished and Applied (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1955),
9-78.
125 Herman Bavinck, Reformed Dogmatics, vol. 2, Sin and Salvation in Christ, ed. John Bolt, tr.
John Vriend (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2003), 447-451.
121

-(vicarious-penal)

126

(Wayne Grudem) (atonement)

127

(Robert L. Reymond) (atonement)

128

3. (pro nobis):

. (regula fidei)
(symbolum) .
,
.

()
.

-
(div h`maj touj a,nqrwpouj kai dia thn h`meteran swterian, propter nos homines
et propter nostram salutem) (u`per h`mwn, pro nobis)
129

(formula, monogenh,(

e,k duo fusewn(

a,sugcutwj(

a,treptwj(

a,diairetwj(

a,cwristwj) (div h`maj touj a,nqrwpouj kai dia thn

130

h`meteran swterian).

(Symbolum Quicunque)

(passus est pro nostra salute)

.

131

126

132

Louis Berkhof, Systematic Theology, New Edition containing the full text of Systematic
Theology and the original Introductory Volume to Systematic Theology (Grand Rapids:

Eerdmans, 1996), 373-391.

Wayne Grudem, Systematic Theology (Leicester, UK: IVP, 1994), 568.
128 Robert L. Reymond, A New Systematic Theology of the Christian Faith (Nashville: Thomas
Nelson, 1998), 623-669.
129 Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom: With a History and Critical Notes, vol. 2, The
Greek and Latin Creeds, originally 1931 (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1983), 57-59.
130 Ibid., 2.62.
131 Ibid., 2.69.
132 . Regula quidem fidei una omnino est, sola, immobilis,
127

 , , , , ,
. (regula veritatis) ,
(pedagogical)
(credal).
(u`per thj h`meteraj swthriaj)
133

(propter eminentissimam
erga

figmentum

suum

dilectionem)

(expitiatio)
134

(propitiatio) .

135

( 3),

( 3).

136

(satisfactio) (imputatio)
137

( 21-23).

( )

.

, ()
().

138

4. , :
et irreformabilis, credendi scilicet. Ibid., 2.17.
Ibid., 2.13.
134 Ibid., 2.15.
135 Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom: With a History and Critical Notes, vol. 3, The
Evangelical Protestant Creeds, originally in 1931 (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1983), 9. Confessio
Augustana, 1.3. . . . ut reconciliaret nobis Patrem, et hostia esset non tantum pro culpa
originis, sed etiam pro omnibus actualibus hominum peccatis.
136 Ibid., 3.115. Formula Concordiae. . . . Christus vere sit nostra iustitia . . . in sola videlicet
obedientia sua, quam Patri ad mortem usque absolutissimam Deus et homo praestitit, eaque
nobis peccatorum omnium remissionem et vitam aeternam promeruit.
137 Ibid., 3.406-410. Nous croyons que Jsus-Christ . . . sest prsent en notre nom devant
son Pre, pour apaiser sa colre avec pleine satisfaction . . .(406). . . . qui[homme] Dieu
alloue justice sans oevres(409).
138 [] (: , 1992), 282. Schaff, Ibid., 3.621: Dominus Jesus
obedientia sua perfecta, suique ipsius sacrificio; quod per aeternum Spiritum Deo semel
obtulit, justitiae Patris plene satisfecit, ac omnibus ei a Patre datis non modo
reconciliationem; verum etiam aeternum haereditatem in regno caelorum acquisivit.
133

 satisfactio ()

.
()
(opus alienum) (opus proprium)
.


.

139

(communicatio

idiomatum)

140

(a

hypostatic

communication)

142

(a

real

exchange)

141

(Deus [manifestatus] in carne)

.
,

,
.
[]
, , .

Cf. Gerhard O. Forde, The Work of Christ, in Christian Dogmatics, ed. Carl E. Braaten etc.
vol. 2 (Philadelphia: Fortess Press, 1984), 47-99; Walter von Loewenich, Luthers Theology
of the Cross, tr. Herbert J. A. Bouman (Minneapolis: Augsburg Publishing House, 1976),
17-24; Timothy George, The Atonment in Martin Luthers Theology, in The Glory of
Atonement: Biblical, Historical & Practical Perspectives, ed. Charles E. Hill and Frank A.
James III (Downers Grove, IL: IVP, 2004), 263-278.
140 Schaff, Ibid., 3.10, Confessio Augustana, 1.4. . . . sed gratis justificentur propter Christum
per fidem, cum credunt se in gratiam recipi, et peccatu remitti propter Christum, qui sua
morte pro nostris peccatis satisfecit.
141 Forde, The Work of Christ, 53.
142 Cf. Robert A. Peterson, Calvins Doctrine of Atonement (Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian and
Reformed Publishing, 1983), 11-26; Henri Blocher, The Atonement in John Calvins
Theology, in The Glory of Atonement: Biblical, Historical & Practical Perspectives, 279-303.
139

 ,
. ,
, ,

,
143

(Inst. 2.12.3. CO 2.341-342).

(satisfactionis pretium iusto Dei iudicio)

144

. .

. :
, , ,
, ;
145

!(Inst. 2.13.4. CO 2.352).

Calvinisticum)

146

(the

so-called

extra

Prodiit ergo verus homo, Dominus noster, Adae personam induit, nomen assumpsit, ut eius
vices subiret patri obediendo, ut carnem nostrum in satisfactionis pretium iusto Dei iudicio
sisteret; ac in eadem carne poenam quam meriti eramus persolveret. Quum denique mortem
nec solus Deus sentire, nec solus homo superare posset, humanam naturam cum divina
sociavit, ut atrerius imbecillitatem morti subiiceret, ad expianda, peccata alterius virtute
luctam cum morte suscipiens nobis victoriam acquireret.
. Anselm, Cur Deus Homo, 1.11: Nec sufficit solummodo
reddere quod ablatum est, sed pro contumelia illata plus debet reddere quam abstulit. . . . Sic
ergo debet omnis qui peccat, honorem deo quem rapuit solvere; et haec est <satisfactio>,
quam omnis peccator deo debet facere. 2.6: . . . satisfaction, quam nec potest facere nisi
deus nec debet nisi homo; necesse est ut eam faciat deus-homo.
fms . Jasper Hopkins, A
Comparison to the Study of St. Anselm (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1972),
187-212. De Incarnatione Verbi Dei
. - ,
.
. On the Incarnation of the Word in St.
Athanasius: Select Works and Letters, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers of the Christian
Church, second series, vol. IV, rep. (Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1991), 36-67.
144
Cf. Philip Walker Butin, Revelation, Redemption, & Response: Calvins Trinitarian
Understanding of the Divine-Human Relationship (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995),
62-75.
145 . . . quia, etsi in unam personam coaluit immense verbi essentia cum natura hominis, nullam
tamen inclusionem fingimus. Mirabiliter enim e coelo descendit filius Dei, ut coelum tamen
non relinqueret; mirabiliter in utero virginis gestari, in terris versari, et in cruce pendere
voluit, ut semper mundum impleret, sicut ab initio.
143

147

(cosmic) .

148

(Inst. 2.12.1, CO 2.340).

149

,
(Inst. 2.12.2, CO 2.341).

150

(quod proprium
ipse) (quod proprium nobis) !

(vicar) .
( 8:17; 3:6).
(infusa qualitatis) (sun,
cum) .
146

151

.
(communicatio idiomatum) ()
(extra Calvinisticum) .
.
etiam extra carnem(
) (spiritualis sed realis)
. Cf. , Byung-Ho Moon, Christ the Mediator of the Law:

Calvins Christological Understanding of the Law as the Rule of Living and Life-Giving
(Carlisle, UK: Paternoster Press, 2006), 105-111.
.
( 9:5; 5:20; 20:28; 20:28; 2:13) ( 1:3; 1:16)
( 11:36).
(avllV
h`mi/n ei-j qeo.j o` path.r evx ou- ta. pa,nta kai. h`mei/j eivj auvto,n( kai. ei-j ku,rioj VIhsou/j Cristo.j diV ou- ta.
pa,nta kai. h`mei/j diV auvtou/)( 8:6). .
, ( 1:7,
10, 22).
(kai. diV auvtou/ avpokatalla,xai ta. pa,nta eivj auvto,n(
eivrhnopoih,saj dia. tou/ ai[matoj tou/ staurou/ auvtou/( diV auvtou/ ei;te ta. evpi. th/j gh/j ei;te ta. evn toi/j
ouvranoi/j)( 1:20).
148
. Cf. Richard A. Muller, Fides and
Cognitio in Relation to the Problem of Intellect and Will in the Theology of John Calvin,
Calvin Theological Journal 25/2 (1990), 215-216.
149 Ita filium Dei fieri nobis Immanuel oportuit, id est nobiscum Deum: et hac quidem lege, ut
nutua coniuctione eius divinitas et hominum natura inter se coalescerent.
150 Quod nobis proprium erat suscipere gravatus non est, ut vicissim ad nos pertineret quod proprium ipse
habebat; atque ita in commune ipse nobiscum et filius Dei esset et filius hominis.
151 () ,
.
(transformatio) .
. ,

. John Calvin, Sermons on the Epistle to the Ephesians, tr. Arthur Golding (London,
147

152

.
(musthrion) !(Inst. 4.14.22,

CO 2.958).

153

(2.17).

(sacerdos) (sacrificium, hostia)

(ira) (implere) (favor)
(conciliare) (munus) . (pro nobis)

(satisfecit)

(piaculum) .
(satisfactio) . (aeterna
reconciliationis lege)
.

2.366-368).

154

(in

societatem)

(Inst.

2.15.6,

CO

(Inst. 2.16.1, CO 2.377-368).

, .
, .

(placandi

modus)

(satisfactio)(Inst. 2.16.1, CO 2.368).

(satisfactoriam

peccati

hostiam,

~Xa)

53:10)

(imputatio) (triumphum) ,
155

, (a,polutrwsin kai a,ntilutron kai i`lasthrion) .

(ad litationem)
1577), rev. tr. Leslie Rawlinson and S. M. Houghton (Edinburgh: Banner of Truth, 1973),
Eph. 4:10 (353-360, CO 51.546-554). Serm. . .
152 (communio ecclesiae) (consensio
sanae doctrinae et fraterna caratias)
(in Christo vel secundum Christum) (Inst. 4.2.5, CO
2.771-772).
153 Sublime istud mysterium praeclare nobis in Christi cruce ostensum est, quum aqua et
sanguis effluxerunt ex sacro eius latere(Ioann. 19, 34).
154 . . . diversa et nova in Christo fuit ratio, ut idem esset hostia qui sacerdos. Quia nex alia
pro peccatis idonea satisfactio reperiri poterat . . . Iam sacerdotis personam sustinet Christus,
non modo ut aeterna reconciliationis lege patrem asciscat in societatem tanti honoris (Apoc.
1, 6) (CO 2.368).
155 A. A. i`lascesqai (expiation) (propiation)
. i`lasthrion . The Atonement,
39-40.

(lacacri) .
()

(Inst. 2.16.6, CO 2.374).

156

. , (ordinatio Dei) .

(meritum)

(beneplacitum) (misercordia Dei) (Inst. 2.17.1, CO

2.386-7). ,
(causa formalis) (dilectio gratuita),
(materialis)

(obedientia),

(formalis) (fides), (finalis) (bonitas)

(gloria) (Inst. 3.14.17, 21 (CO 2.575, 578).

157

(ineffabili quodam modo) .

(miro et divino modo)
. (voluntas)
(Inst. 2.16.4, CO 2.370).
158

(Inst. 2.16.3, CO 2.506).

?
.
(i`lasmoj, katalaggh) ? (
2:2; 4:10). (mysterium ineffabile) ,

(infensus) .
(reconciliatus est). .

( 5:21).

159

(favor) (iustitia Dei)(

litatio satisfactio satisfaction .

satisfactoria hostia" satisfactio
. litatio satisfactio .
157 , Comm. Rom. 3:24(75, CO 49.61), 5:19(117-118, CO
49.101-102). Comm. . . The
Commentaries of John Calvin, 46 vols., Calvin Translation Society Edition (Grand Rapids:
Eerdmans, 1948-1950) (vols.1-15). John Calvin, New Testament
Commentaries, ed., D. W. Torrance and T. F. Torrance (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans,
1960-1972) .
158
Proinde sua dilectione praevenit ac antevertit Deus pater nostram in Christo
reconciliationem.
159 Quare principium amoris est iustitia, qualis a Paulo describitur (2 Cor. 5, 21), eum qui
peccatum non fecerat, pro nobis peccatum fecit, ut essemus iustitia Dei in ipso.
156

1:4-6; 5:19; 1:19-20).

(meritum) .
. (Inst. 2.17.2, CO
2.387-8). .
, (substantia vitae)
(materia) .
( 1:14).
160

(pretium redemptionis) ( 6:20; 1:18-19; 3:24-25).

(a,ntilutron) ( 2:15-16).
(a`pax)

(dia

thj

qusiaj)

(ai,wnian

lutrwsij)

( 9:12, 28). , ,

161

(Inst.

162

2.17.3-5,

CO

2.388-90).

(Inst. 3.11.21-23, CO 2.550-2). .
(Inst. 2.16.5, CO 2.370-1).
,
(communio) (communicatio) .

.
(Inst. 3.14.1-6, 9-11, CO 2.564-8, 570-2).
(membra)
(caput) (Inst. 2.17.1, CO 2.386).

(Inst. 2.17.2, CO 2.387).

163

.
.
,

Ideo idem apostolus redemptionem in sanguine Christi definit remissioem peccatorum (Col.
1, 14), ac si diceret, iustificari nos vel absolvi coram Deo, quia sanquis ille in satisfactionem
respondet. absolvere a,fihmi .
161 . . . si pro peccatis nostris Christus satisfecit, si poenam nobis debitam persolvit, si
obedientia sua Deum placavit . . .
162 . . . nimis extenuari Christi gratiam nisi eius sacrificio vim expiandi, placandi et
satisfaciendi concedimus . . .
163 . . . quoties Dei caritati adiungitur Christi gratia, unde sequitur, eum de suo quod acquisivit,
nobis largiri; quia non aliter quadraret seorsum a patre ei adscribi hanc laudem, quod gratia
eius sit, et ab ipso proveniat.
160


.
.

(duplex imputatio) ()(Inst. 3.17.3, 10, CO
164

2.591-2, 597-8).

.
(fides)
,
() (mutila fide)
165

166

(Inst. 3.11.20, CO 20.550).

(Inst. 3.16.1, CO 2.586).

167

(iustificatio) (imputatio iustitiae Christi)

(Inst. 3.11.2, CO 2.534).
(communio) (vestitus)
(Inst. 3.17.8, CO 2.596).
( ) .
(Catechismus) (Catechismus, sive christianae religionis institutio . . .,
CO 5.336-337), 1535
(merentur)
(CO 1.53). 1543
(sola fide non tantum nos, sed opera etiam nostra
iustificari) (1543 Inst. 10.70, CO 1.787, Inst 3.17.10, CO 2.598).

. , , ,

. , Comm. Rom. 4:6-8(85-87, CO 49.71-73),
5:16(116, CO 49.99), 5:17(116-117, CO 49.99-100), 6:14(130-131, CO 49.112-113).
165 (ordo salutis)
. Comm. Rom. 3:22 (73, CO 49.60); Rom. 8:13 (167, CO 49.147).
166 . . . quia in communicationem iustitiae Christi nos inducit.
167
(communionis cum morte Christi) . Comm.
Rom. 6:7 (126, CO 49.108). Cf. Comm. Rom. 6:3 (122, CO 49.105).
(mutua similitude respondeat)
. Comm. Rom. 6:10 (127, CO49.109).
(qualitatem) , . Comm. Rom. 5:17 (117, CO
49.100). (infusa, transfusa) (gratia imputata)
(Inst. 3.11.5, 10, CO 2.536-537, 540-541); Contra Osiandrum (CO 10/1.166).
164

168

() (Inst. 3.15.7, CO 2.586).

169

(Inst. 2.16.14, CO
2.382).
.
,
(Inst. 2.16.16, CO 2.383): , (
14:3); , ( 7:25; 9:11-12;
8:34)
; ,

(Inst.

(sessio)

2.16.16;

CO 2.383).

170

, ,

.

171

52 53
. (la

(communicatio) .
. Cf. Comm. Rom. 6:1 (121, CO 49.103):
.
(communicatur)
. Comm. Rom. 1:17 (28, CO 49.20); Rom. 3:21 (70, CO 49.57); Rom. 3:22 (73, CO
49.60).
, (iustitia) (qualitatem)
(proprium) . Comm. Rom. 5:19 (118,
CO49.101).
. Comm. Rom. 6:22-23 (136, CO 49.118).
. Cf. Joel R. Beeke, Calvin on Piety, in
The Cambridge Companion to John Calvin, ed. Donad K. McKim (Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2004), 127-128.
169 . . . iustificationem fidei, quae pietatis est totius summa . . .
170
. Cf. Inst. 1.13.7, 2.7.2, 2.8.57,
3.1.2 (CO 2.94-95, 254, 307, 394-395); Comm. Jn. 14:16 (2.82, CO 47.329); Rom.1:4
(16-17, CO 49.10-11); II Cor. 3:6 (41-43, CO 50.39-41).
171 John Calvins Sermons on the Deity of Christ, tr. Leroy Nixon (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans,
nd
1950), 2 ed. (Audubon, N. J.: Old Paths Publications, 1997), Matt. 26:36-39(51, CO
46.833).
. Ibid., Acts
1:9-11 (232-242, CO 48.613-622).
168

satisfaction) 52:13-53:11 (lintercession) 53:12 .

,
. ~va( 53:10)
,
172

173

174

,
.
( 5:19) (Inst, 2.17.3, CO 2.388).
(diaqhkhj kainhj mesithj) ( 9:15),

.
.
.

175

.

, .
,
. .
(culmen salutis) .

176

C. .

.

( 4:12).
. ,

John Calvins Sermons on Isaiahs Prophecy of the Death and Passion of Jesus Christ, tr. T.
H. L. Parker (London: James Clarke, 1956), 53:4-6 (69, 74, CO 35.623, 627), 53:9-10
(110, 112, CO 35.654, 656), 53:11 (122, 132, CO 35.664, 673).
173 Ibid., 53:4-6(83, CO ). , Ibid., 53:12
(137-152, CO 35.675-688).
174 Ibid., 53:11 (134, CO 35.674): . . . que maintenant il fait encores office de Mediateur: et
quil nous veut faire tellement participans de sa iustice . . .
175 Comm. Heb. 8:10 (110-112, CO 55.103): Hic fructus est foederis, quod nos Deus in
populum cooptat, seque salutis nostrae fore praesidem asserit.
176 Heppe, Reformed Dogmatics, 457-481.
172

 ( 1:30).
,
. , ;
, ; , .
( 2:17)
. , ;
()

( 3:13); , ; ,
;

177

, ; ,

; , ; , ;
, ; , ,
, ; ,
. ,
, , (Inst.
2.16.19, CO 2.385-6).

(laG)

(klhronomoj)

-(sunklhronomoj) ( 1:2; 8:17).

178

, (si satisfactio, in eius sacrificio)!

(Soli Deo Gloria in Aeternum)

(descensus ad inferos) ,
( 2:24)
(Inst. 2.16.10, CO 2.376-377).
.
178 klhronomoj , .
177