4.

4 Notes and Homework

See example 4.27 to see how we must now describe Mean as far as probability is concerned. Def: Suppose that X is a discrete random variable whose distribution is Value of X Xk Probability pk p1 p2 ..... X1 X2 .....

To find the mean of X, multiply each possible value by its probability, then add all the products:

x = x1p1 + x2p2 + ... + xkpk

= xp
i

See what happens when all possibilities are equally likely (Example 4.28) Side Note: Later on, we will call E[X] =
Rules for Means: 1. If X is a random variable and a and b are fixed numbers, then

a+bx = a + bx (used in unit transformation)

2. If X and Y are random variables, then

x+y = x + y

Def: Suppose that X is a discrete random variable whose distribution is Value of X Xk Probability pk p1 p2 ..... X1 X2 .....

And that

x is the mean of X. The Variance of X is as follows:

2x = (X1 - x)2P1 + (X2 - x)2P2 + .... + (Xk - k)2Pk

=

(Xi - x)2Pi
x
of X is the square root of the variance.

The Standard Deviation

Rules for Variance: 1. 2a+bx = b22x (used in unit transformation) 2. 3. 2x+y = 2x + 2y + 2xy 2x-y = 2x + 2y - 2xy

4. **NOTE** If X and Y are INDEPENDENT, THEN =0! Then the Following Happens 2x+y = 2x + 2y + 2xy Becomes

2x+y = 2x + 2y + 2(0)xy 2x+y = 2x + 2y

Homework Set: 4.73, 4.74, 4.75, 4.77, 4.83(a) (b), 4.89