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Phn bit cc t ng ngha trong ting Anh

1. Phn bit Hear v Listen Mc d hai t hear v listen u c ngha l nghe, nhng k thc chng c ngha khc nhau trong a s trng hp. V chng ta khng th ng nht cch dng chng. 1) V ngha: A. Hear Nghe thong qua, ci m trong ting Anh gi l to be aware of sounds with ears- nghe m cha c s chun b v ch tm trc khi nghe. V d: I cant hear very well (Ti nghe khng r lm). He could hear a dog barking (Anh ta c th nghe c ting ch sa). B. Listen Nghe ch v c ch tm ai , ci g va mi c nghe thy ( to pay attention to sb/ sth that you can hear) V d: I listened carefully to her story (Ti chm ch nghe c ta k chuyn). Listen! Whats that noise? Can you hear it? (Lng nghe, ting ng g y nh? Anh c nghe thy khng?) Sorry, I wasnt really listening? (Xin li, Ti khng ch lm.) 2) V cch dng: A. Hear Hear khng c dng trong cc thi tip din V d: She heard footsteps behind her (C ta nghe thy ting bc chn i ngay ng sau). Hear i vi ng t nguyn th c to- V to infinitive V d: She has been heard to make threats to her former lover

(Ngi ta nghe n c ta e da ngi yu c ca c). Hear khng i vi gii t. B. Listen Listen c dng trong cc thi tip din. V d: Listen! Whats that noise? Can you hear it? (Nghe ny, ting ng g y nh? Anh c nghe thy khng?) Sorry, I wasnt really listening. (Xin li, Ti khng ch lm.) Listen c dng lu mi ngi mt iu g V d: Listen, theres something I will have to tell you (Lng nghe ny, ti s phi ni vi anh mt iu). Listen thng i vi gii t. V d: Why wont you listen to reason? (Sao m anh chng chu nghe theo l phi) Trn y l nhng s khc bit r nt nht v ngha, cch dng gia Hear v Listen. Tuy nhin, trong mt s t trng hp ngi ta cng c th ng nht ngha ca hai ng t ny. V d: I hear what youre saying (= I have listened to your op inion), but you re wrong (Ti nghe theo kin ca anh y, nhng anh sai ri). 2. Phn bit clever, smart v intelligent: Ba t clever, smart v intelligent thng hay c hiu vi ngha thng minh nhng sc thi ngha ca ba t ny c nt khc nhau. Trong ba t ny, intelligent l t mang ng ngha thng minh nht. Intelligent ng ngha vibrainy, dng ch ngi c tr

tu, t duy nhanh nhy v c suy ngh l-gc hoc ch nhng s vt, s vic xut sc, l kt qu ca qu trnh suy ngh. Her answer showed her to be an intelligent young woman. (Cu tr li ca c y cho thy c y l mt c gi thng minh). What an intelligent question! ( l mt cu hi thng minh y!) Smart l mt tnh t c rt nhiu ngha, trong cng c ngha gn ging vi intelligent. Tuy nhin, intelligent ch kh nng phn tch, gii quyt vn mt cch khoa hc v hiu qu, cn smart li ch s nm bt nhanh nhy tnh hnh hoc din bin ang xy ra. The intelligent math students excelled in calculus. (Nhng hc sinh gii ton hc mn tch phn tri hn nhng hc sinh khc). He found an intelligent solution to this problem. (Anh y tm ra mt gii php hp l cho vn ny). Smart lawyers can effectively manipulate juries. (Nhng lut s gii c th tc ng ln c hi ng xt x). That was a smart career move. ( l mt quyt nh nhy vic sng sut). Vi ngha thng minh, smart cn c dng vi nhng v kh c kh nng t nh v mc tiu hoc c iu khin bng my tnh nh smart weapon, smart bomb. Ngoi ra, smart cn c dng ch din mo bn ngoi, thng l ch cch n mc ca mt ngi. Trong trng hp ny, smart mang ngha l sng sa, gn gng, hay thi trang. You look very smart in that suit. (Cu mc b vest trng bnh lm!) They are having lunch in a smart restaurant. (H ang n tra

mt nh hng sang trng). Clever li ch s lanh li hoc khn ngoan. As a child, she was a clever girl. (Ngay t b, n l mt c b lanh li). She is clever to get what she wants. (C y t c nhng g mnh mun mt cch khn ngoan). Tuy nhin, clever thng c dng vi ngha lnh ngh, kho lo. Trong trng hp ny, cleverng ngha vi skilful. He is clever with his hands. (Anh y rt kho tay). The factory needs clever workers. (Nh my cn nhng cng nhn lnh ngh). 3. Phn bit alone, solitary, lonely v lone Trong ting Anh c nhiu t cng c ngha l mt mnh nh alone, solitary, lonely, lone. ALONE (tnh t & trng t) : Alone khi c s dng sau ng t to be s mang ngha khng c ai bn cnh, tch khi nhng ngi, vt khc. She looked forward to being alone in own flat. (C y mong c sng mt mnh trong cn h ring). Alone cn c s dng vi ng t feel. Cm t feel alone mang sc thi ngha mnh hn, khng ch l mt mnh m cn l c n, khng hnh phc. Alone khng c s dng trc danh t, do vy chng ta s khng ni hoc vit an alone lady. Trong ting Anh khu ng, alone cn c din t theo cch khc l: on my (your, his, her, our, their) own v by oneself (myself, yourself, etc) cng c ngha l lm g mt mnh. SOLITARY (tnh t) ng c cho c ngi v vt.

i vi danh t ch ngi, solitary mang ngha ging nh alone; cn khi i vi danh t ch vt, solitary tr tri. The only signal of human on the island was a solitary villa. (Du hiu duy nht ca con ngi trn hn o l mt cn nh tr tri). Khc vi alone, chng ta c th dng solitary trc danh t, nhng khng c s dng trc ng t. Danh t ca tnh t ny l solitude. LONELY ( tnh t) :th hin tm trng c n, c th c s dng sau ng t to be v ng tto feel. She was/ felt very lonely when she moved to the new island. (Khi phi chuyn v sng ti hn o mi, c y cm thy rt c n). Trong mt s tp ch ca M, c mc dnh ring cho nhng ngi mun kt bn c gi l lonely hearts Trong ting Anh-M, lonely c th c thay th bng lonesome m sc thi, ngha khng thay i. LONE (tnh t) : mang ngha n l, n chic, khng c s hin din ca ngi hoc vt khc. trnh hiu nhm v sc thi ngha, cc bn hy xem v d di y: The lone police officer in the pard had to call for reinforcement. (Vin cnh st ang ng mt mnh trong cng vin phi gi thm lc lng h tr). Khc vi Alone, Lone lun c t ngay trc danh t. Lone parent = single parent dng ch nhng ngi n ng hoc ph n nui con mt mnh. Hi vng sau bi vit ny, bn c th phn bit v s dng nhng t mang ngha mt mnh chnh xc v biu cm hn. ng qun ly v d

mi ln hc bn nh! Chc cc bn thnh cng! 4. Phn bit Scared v Afraid hoc frightened: Trc ht phi khng nh vi bn rng y ny l 3 t ng ngha (synonyms) u c ngha l s, v vy trong mt s trng hp 3 t ny c th dng thay th cho nhau. * Dont be scared / afraid / frightened! Im not going to hurt you. (ng s, ta khng lm chu au u). C 3 tnh t ny u c cu trc of + -ing v to + infinitive. Tuy nhin, frightened khng th dng cng vi i t (pronom) hay danh t (noun). * Hes afraid of / scared of / frightened of flying in small planes. (Anh ta s i my bay nh). * Hes a strict teacher. Everyone seems to be afraid of / scared of him. (ng y l mt gio vin nghim khc. C v ai cng s ng). * She seemed too scared to swim where there were such big waves. (C y c v s bi nhng ni c sng ln). * After such an experience shes afraid to go anywhere near the sea. (Sau ln , c y s i bt c u gn bin). * I was too frightened to jump in at the deep end of the pool. (Ti qu s nn khng dm nhy xung ch su nht ca b). C th ni scared by hay frightened by something, nhng khng th dng afraid trong trng hp ny: * She was scared by / frightened by the hooting of the owl. (C y s ting ku ca con c). Mt im khc na, l afraid khng th ng trc danh t, ch dng sau ng t; cn scared v frightened c th dng c c 2 v tr: * He seemed afraid. (C v anh ta s). * He appeared frightened.

(Anh ta trng c v s hi). * He was, without doubt, a frightened man. (R rng anh ta l ngi b lm cho s hi). Im afraid... cn c dng vi mt ngha khc I regret that I have to tell you that... (Ti ly lm tic phi ni rng ...) y l cch lch s thng bo tin xu. * Im afraid there was an accident at the crossroads. Your son was seriously injured. (Ti ly lm tic phi bo rng c mt v tai nn giao thng ng t v con trai c b thng kh nng). ( cn tip) ( SU TM) Bi vit cng chuyn mc

2.

Project 2 Practice & Grammar Book... Ti liu t hc ng php Anh Vn English Prepositions List JenniferESL: English Pronunciation... Grammar Booster 2 CD-ROM Grammar 1: Present Continuous (Hin... Nhng ng t v thnh ng s dng... Oxford Practical English Usage... 9 quy tc hp th When bad grammar happens to good... The Advance Grammar Book Cu iu kin loi Have yet to - hnh thc ph nh... Grammar Rules! Cch th hin li xin li trong...
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Thng bo mi nht t BQT THNG BO: TUYN MOD CHO DIN N CTU.VN

Thng tin ni bt

29-02-2012, 09:48#2

katie
Thnh vin danh d

katie

Qu Cn Th Bi vit 971 im 7,837 Cp bc 59 Thanks 76 c cm n: 72/46 bi

5. Phn bit See v Watch See v watch u mang ngha l nhn/xem/quan st. Sc thi ngha cng nh cch dng hai ng ny khin ngi dng d nhm ln. trnh c iu ny, di y l mt s tham kho dnh cho bn: Khi qut v see v watch See mang ngha l nhn ai/ci g bng mt, thng khng c ch r rng hay mc ch g c v hnh ng see ch xy ra trong mt khong thi gian ngn. Watch c ngha l nhn/ ngm ai/ci g c ch tm trong khong thi gian lu hn. V d: We could just see him in the distance. (Ti c th nhn thy anh y t ng xa). My dog helps me to watch the house. (Con ch gip ti coi

nh). Watch thng c dng vi th tip din. See thngkhng c dng vi th tip din nhng see c th c dng vi can ni v mt iu g ang xy ra. V d: I can see my father sitting in the living - room, but I tried not see who he was sitting with. (Ti nhn thy b ti ang ngi trong phng khch, nhng ti khng tm hiu xem ng y ang ngi vi ai). He was surprised to see Lucy standing there. (Anh y ngc nhin khi nhn thy Lucy ang ng ). I can see what you are saying.(Ti c th hiu nhng g anh ang ni). See/hear + that clause Chng ta thng dng I see v I hear cng vi that clause ch ra rng chng ta nhn thy (note) mt iu g hoc chng ta hiu (understand) hoc nm bt (gather) c nhng g xy ra hoc s xy ra. V d: I hear/understand/gather that you are planning to quit your job.(Ti nghe ni bn c nh b vic). I see/understand/gather that she has left him.(Ti nghe phong thanh l c y b ngi yu). Cch dng see v watch: SEE: 1. See = meet (khi see mang ngha ny th c th c dng dng tip din) V d: Ill see you outside the office at 5:00 pm. (Ti s gp anh cng c quan vo lc 5 gi chiu).

He is seeing the dentist tomorrow. (Ngy mai anh y s n gp nha s). You must really stop seeing him. He is an unkind person. (Cu khng c gp anh ta na. Anh ta l mt k khng ng n). 2. See = find out (Khi n mang ngha ny th khng c dng dng tip din) V d: Ill go and see if she need my help. (Ti s i xem c y c cn ti gip g khng?) She came back home to see if she left her mobile phone.(C y v nh xem c qun di ng nh khng?) 3. See = accompany V d: It is impossible for you to find his company. Ill just see you to the door.(Bn khng th tm thy cng ty ca anh y u. Ti s i cng vi bn n ). It is not so dark, but can you just see me?.(Tri khng ti lm, nhng cu c th i cng vi t khng?) WATCH: 1. Watch = be careful about, take care of V d: We must watch the time or we will miss the train.(Chng ta phi thi gian nu khng s l tu). Watch that you dont spend your too much money on unuseful things.(Cu nh ng tiu tn qu nhiu tin vo nhng linh

tinh). 2. Watch = look after V d: Can you just watch our baby for moment while I am buying some milk.(Anh c th trng con mt lt trong khi em i mua sa khng?) Hy vng rng vi cch gii thch ngn gn, d hiu trn y s gip bn trnh nhm ln mi khi s dng hai ng t ny. -------------------6. Phn bit Fairly hay Rather Hai t fairly v rather u c ngha l kh. Tuy nhin nu nh fairly thng i vi cc tnh t hoc cc trng t mang sc thi ngi khen, tch cc nh bravery (dng cm), good (tt), nice (p),well (tt) th rather li hay kt hp vi cc tnh t hoc trng t mang hm ch bai, khng tch cc nh bad (xu), stupid (ngc nghch), ugly (xu x). V d: Her elder sister is fairly bold, but her younger sister is rather shy.(Ch gi ca c y kh bo dn nhng c em gi li kh nht nht). Tom walks fairly fast, but Peter walks rather slowly.(Tom i kh nhanh nhng Peter li i kh chm). He was fairly relaxed.(Anh ta kh thoi mi). She was rather tense.(C y kh cng thng). Khi kt hp vi danh t, fairly lun ng sau mo t khng xc nh (a/an) cn rather li c th ng trc hoc sau mo t khng xc nh. V d: This is a fairly light box.(Ci hp ny kh nh). This is rather a heavy box.(Ci hp ny kh nng). Khi kt hp vi cc tnh t hoc trng t nh fast (nhanh), slow (chm), thin (gy), thick (dy),

hot(nng), cold (l nh), bn s dng fairly vi hm ng tnh hoc s dng rather vi hm phn i. V d: This cup of coffee is fairly hot. (1) (Tch c ph ny kh nng). This cup of coffee is rather hot. (2) (Tch c ph ny nng qu). Trong cu (1) ngi ni hm anh ta thch ung c ph nng. T fairly c s dng by t s ng tnh ca ngi ni cn trong cu (2), ngi ni hm rng cc c ph ca anh ta qu nng v anh ta cha th ung ngay c. T rather c s dng by t thi phn i ca ngi ni. Ngoi ra rather ng trc cc t nh alike, like, similar, different v trc so snh hn. Khi rather c ngha l hi hi. The weather was rather worse than I had expected.(Thi tit hi xu hn ti tng). Siamese cats are rather like dogs in some ways.(Mo Thi Lan v ch c mt s im hi ging nhau). Rather c dng vi cc danh t nh: Disappointment (s tht vng), disadvantage(s bt li),nuisance (s kh chu), pity (s tic nui), shame (iu khng may, s h thn), joke (tr a) V d: It is rather a nuisance that we cant park here.(C iu hi bt tin l chng ta khng th xe y). It is rather a shame that he has to work at weekends.(Tht l thiu cng bng khi anh ta phi lm vic vo cui tun). Khi i vi cc tnh t hoc trng t mang sc thi tch cc nh amusing(ngc nhin), clever (thng minh), good (tt), pretty (xinh

p), well (tt), th rather cng ngha vi very. V d: She is rather clever = She is very clever. (C y rt thng minh). Vi cch s dng ny rather bao hm sc thi ngi khen hn so vi khi s dng t fairly. V d: It is a fairly good play.(V kch tng i hay). It is rather a good play.(V kch rt hay). Nh vy rather v fairly c s khc bit rt r rng. Hy vng vi li gii thch nh s gip bn s dng ng cp trng t ny. ----------------------------7. Phn bit special, especial v particular Ba t special, especial, particular c s khc nhau v mt ngha v cch s dng. Special l mt tnh t thng gp, dng ch nhng vt, s vic, con ngi c c im hay tnh cht khc bit so vi nhng vt, s vic, ngi khc. Khi dng tnh t special, ngi ni mun nhn mnh n s khc bit so vi nhng ci bnh thng, thng thng khc (distinguished). You're a very special person in my life - never forget that. (ng bao gi qun rng em l mt ngi rt c bit trong cuc i anh). ngi ni mun nhn mnh em ch khng phi l mt ngi no khc On special occasions we have wine with our meal, but certainly not everyday. (Trong nhng dp c bit, chng ti mi ung ru trong ba n ch khng phi ngy no cng th). ngi ni mun nhn mnh n nhng dp c bit nh l, tt, Noel, v.v ch khng

phi l nhng ba n thng thng hng ngy Especial t c s dng hn, ch trng hp ni tri, ng ch hn hn khi c so snh vi nhng trng hp khc. Hin nay, especial ch c dng vi mt s danh t nh value, interest.Especial thng nhn mnh s ngoi l (exceptional). The Koh-i-noor diamond, now among the British crown jewels, has especialvalue as its history dates back to the 14th Century. (Vin kim cng Koh-i-noor trong b su tp trang sc ca hong gia Anh c gi tr c bit v n c xut x t th k 14). so vi cc vin kim cng khc, vin kim cng Koh-i-noor c gi tr vt tri nh c xut x lu i ca n The lecture will be of especial interest to history students. (Bi ging ny s c bit thu ht nhng sinh vin lch s). nhng sinh vin hc mn lch s s cm thy hng th vi bi ging ny hn hn so vi nhng sinh vin hc mn khc As an only child, she got especial attention. (L con mt nn c b nhn c s quan tm c bit). so vi nhng a tr khc th c b nhn c s quan tm c bit hn v c b l con mt Thng th ngi ta hay nhm ln gia hai tnh t especial v special v chng c ngha hi ging nhau, u ch s c bit nhng particular li mang mt ngha hon ton khc. Particularcng l mt tnh t thng gp, dng ch nhng c nhn, s vt, s vic c th, chi tit. Tnh t ny nhn mnh vo s c th (specific) ch khng phi s chung chung (general).

There is one particular patient Id like you to see. (Ti mun anh khm cho mt bnh nhn c bit ny). Is there any particular type of book he enjoys? (Anh y c thch c c th mt loi sch no khng?) Ba tnh t ny tuy c ngha v cch s dng khc nhau nhng hai ph t especially vparticularly li c cng ngha c bit hn tt c (above all) v c dng nhm mc ch nhn mnh. Hai ph t ny cng ng ngha vi thnh ng in particular. These butterflies are noticeable in April and May, especially in these meadows. (Loi bm ny c nhiu vo thng 4 v thng 5, nht l trn cc ng c). You'll enjoy playing tennis at our local club, especially on weekdays when it's not so busy. (Bn s thch chi tennis cu lc b ca chng ti, nht l vo cc dp cui tun khi m cu lc b khng ng ngi chi lm). The road between Cairo and Alexandria is particularly dangerous at night. (Con ng ni Cairo v Alexandra c bit nguy him vo ban m). He loves science fiction in particular. (Anh y thch nht l truyn khoa hc vin tng). Cn ph t specially li c ngha l dnh ring cho mt i tng c th. Ph t ny c dng trong trng hp mun nhn mnh mt mc ch c th. This shower gel is specially designed for people with sensitive skins. (Du gi ny dnh ring cho nhng ngi c da u nhy cm).

This computer programme is specially designed for children with learning difficulties. (Chng trnh my tnh ny c lp trnh ring cho nhng tr em gp kh khn trong hc tp). My father made this model aeroplane specially for me. (B ti lm chic my bay m hnh ny ring cho ti). (cn tip)
Tr li km Trch dn

3.

29-02-2012, 09:51#3

katie
Thnh vin danh d

katie

Qu Cn Th Bi vit 971 im 7,837 Cp bc 59 Thanks 76 c cm n: 72/46 bi

8. Cch s dng Do v Make Hai ng t do v make thng gy lung tng cho ngi hc v c hai u c th dch l lm trong ting Vit, i khi khng bit phi chn dng t no cho ng. Di y l mt vi im cn

lu v hai ng t ny gip bn a ra phng n la chn ph hp vi tng trng hp c th. 1. Cch dng do - Dng do cho cc hot ng hng ngy, ch rng nhng hot ng ny thng l khng to nn vt g c th, khng sng to nn ci mi. do housework do the ironing do the dishes do a job - Dng do khi ni lm mt cch chung chung, khng cp chnh xc tn ca hot ng. Thng i vi cc t: something, nothing, anything, everything... Im not doing anything today. He does everything for his mother. Shes doing nothing at the moment. - Mt s cch ni ph bin dng do: do ones best do good do harm do a favour do business 2. Cch dng make - Dng make din t cc hot ng to nn ci g c th m bn c th chm vo c. make food make a cup of tea / coffee make a mess - Mt s cch ni ph bin dng make: make plans make an exception make arrangements make a telephone call make a decision make a mistake make noise make money make an excuse

make an effort -----------------------------------------9. Eight years old v eight-year-old" C hai cch vit trn u ng tuy nhin mi cch vit li mang mt ngha khc nhau. 1. s m + year(s) old: y l cm t c dng ni v tui tc ht sc quen thuc trong ting Anh. V d: How old are you ? Im eight years old. (Chu my tui ri? Chu tm tui ri ). The house is said to be 100 years old.(Ngi ta ni rng ngi nh ny 100 nm tui ri). It is believed that the missing boy is only three years old.(Ngi ta tin chc rng cu b b mt tch mi ch ba tui thi). The baby is two months old.(Em b c hai thng tui ri). Thng thng ngi Anh lun dng dng s nhiu years, months hay weeks... khi ni v tui tc v dng s t khi l 1 tui, 1 thng tui, 1 tun tui... My Dad said that I used to cry a lot when I was one year old.(B bo hi mt tui ti rt hay khc nh) 2. s m year - old: l mt cm t c dng nh mt tnh t, c tc dng b ngha cho mt danh t. N l mt phn trong cng thc v cm tnh t c bit: s m + danh t. Bi vy, danh t trong cm ny lun c dng s t. V d: A twelve-year-old boy (mt b trai mi hai tui) a twelve-seater mini bus (mt chic xe but nh mi hai ch ngi) two-seater sofa (gh sofa dnh cho hai ngi/ c hai ch ngi; hay

cn gi l love seat trong ting Anh M) a five-dollar note (mt t nm la) a four-wheel drive car (mt chic xe bn bnh) Ten-year old Lukas is a brilliant pianist.(Cu b Lukas 10 tui l mt ngh s piano ti nng) My brother did a three- month motor racing course last year.(Nm ngoi em trai ti tham gia mt kho hc ua xe motor ba thng). Hy ch , ch danh t c cm tnh t ny b ngha mi c th dng s nhiu. V d: three five-kilo bags of rice (ba ti go loi 5 cn) two forty-page books (hai cun sch 40 trang) 10. Phn bit expect, hope, anticipate v look forward to 1. EXPECT: chng ta s dng ng t ny khi mun th hin s tin tng rng mt iu g s xy ra trong tng lai. She expected him to arrive on the next train. (C y trng mong anh y v trong chuyn tu sp ti). 2. HOPE: ngha l hi vng. He hopes that his favorite TV program would not be cancelled. (Anh y hi vng chng trnh TV yu thch ca mnh s khng b hon). 3. ANTICIPATE: ng t ny mang ngha a ra quyt nh, hnh ng v tin rng mt hnh ng, s kin khc no s xy ra. He anticipated the fall in the stock market by selling all his shares. (Anh y tin rng gi c phiu s gim mnh nn bn ht lng c phiu ang nm gi). 4. LOOK FORWARD TO: cm ng t ny mang ngha hn hoan i

ch mt iu no s xy ra trong tng lai. He was looking forward to a long holiday once the contract was signed. (Anh y ho hc ch i n k ngh sau khi hp ng c k kt). Look forward to thng c dng trong phn cui khi vit th t - th hin s mong ch pha bn kia phc p li. I look forward to hearing from you again. (Ti rt mong sm nhn c hi m ca anh/ch). I am looking forward to getting information from you soon. (Mnh rt mong sm nhn c thng tin ca cu.) ---------------------------------------(cn tip)
Tr li km Trch dn

4.

29-02-2012, 09:52#4

katie
Thnh vin danh d

katie

Qu Cn Th Bi vit 971 im 7,837 Cp bc 59 Thanks 76 c cm n: 72/46 bi

11. Phn bit help, aid v assist

C ba t help, aid v assist u mang ngha l tr gip hoc gip . Tuy nhin gia chng cng c s khc nhau trong cch s dng. Help l t c s dng ph bin hn c trong khi giao tip. V d: Can I help you? (Ti c th gip g c cho bn?) Could you help me to move this table? (Bn c th gip ti di chuyn ci bn ny c khng?) Tuy nhin, trong vn vit, c bit l vn vit mang tnh cht nghi thc, trang trng, ngi ta rt t khi dng help m thay vo ngi ta s dng aid hoc assist. Aid c th dch sang ting Vit l vin tr. V d nh: military aids c ngha l vin tr qun s, hay grant aid c ngha l vin tr khng hon li. Thng thng th aid c dng trong trng hp nhng khon gip mang tnh cht tin bc. V d: The project has been greatly aided by the generosity of local business. (D n ny nhn c s h tr rt ln t pha cc doanh nghip a phng). ng t assist c ngha l lm gip nhng phn n gin trong cng vic cho mt ngi khc. Chng hn nh m bn ang nu n v bn lm ph bp, gip m bn nhng vic lt vt, trong trng hp ny bn c th dng assist. Trong khi , aid c ngha l cng vic no qu kh khn vi bn v ngi ta gip bn lm mt phn cng vic quan trng v th m bn c th hon thnh cng vic mt cch d dng hn. V d: The successful applicant will assist the manager. (Nhng ng c vin trng tuyn s lm tr l cho gim c). The new feature is designed to aid inexperienced users.

(Nhng tnh nng mi ny c thit k h tr cho nhng ngi s dng cha c kinh nghim). ------------------------------------12. Cch s dng "to say" v "to tell" Hai ng t ny c ngha ging nhau nhng cch dng khc nhau. Nu sau ch ng khng c mt tn ng gin tip no (tc l ta khng cp n i tng no nghe trong cu) th phi dng to say, ngc li th dng to tell. S + say + (that) + S + V... He says that he is busy today. Henry says that he has already done his homework. Nhng nu sau ch ng c mt tn ng gin tip (c cp n ngi nghe) ri mi n lin t that th phi dng to tell. S + tell + indirect object + (that) + S +V... He told us a story last night. He tells me to stay here, waiting for him. To tell cng thng c tn ng trc tip. Lun dng to tell khi ni n cc danh t sau y, cho d c tn ng gin tip hay khng: Tell a story ajoke asecret a lie the truth (the) time Never tell a secret to a person who spreads gossip. The little boy was punished because he told his mother a lie. --------------------------------------------13. S khc bit gia hai tnh t horrible v horrific Nhm t horrible v horrific, terrible v terrific i khi gy lng tng cho ngi c v cch ng dng vo cc vn cnh nht nh. gip bn hiu r hn v nhm t ny, xin a ra mt vi s khc bit gia chng.

horrible, horrific, terrible, terrific u l nhng tnh t v nh chng ta bit, tnh t trong ting Anh thng i theo cp hoc nhm, chng ta c th tm thy khun mu trong ngha ca chng. Bi vy, chng ta c: - Bored (chn ngn) v boring (gy chn ngn, nhm chn) - Interested (quan tm) v interesting (lm quan tm) Song c 4 t m chng ta bn ti trong bi u khng tun theo khun mu ny. Horrible (kinh khng) v horrific (kinh hong) u c quan h vi danh t horror: 'Horror' ngha l s khip s, s chong vng hay kinh tm. V vy nu chng ta ni 'Something is horrific' th ngha l n lm ta cm thy horror (khip s, gh rn hay kinh hong ). Chng ta c th ni v 'a horrific war' ( mt cuc chin tranh kinh hong) hay 'a horrific illness' (mt cn bnh khng khip). Nh vy 'horrible' trn thc t c th c ngha ging vi 'horrific', ngoi ra n cn mang mt ngha khc kh chuhay kinh tm v th chng ta c th ni ' a horrible traffic accident' (mt tai nan giao thng ng gh s) hoc: " Ugh! This coffee is horrible' (i, loi c ph ny tht l kinh khng). Tuy nhin, khi xt v mt sc thi ngha th horrific mang trng mnh hn. Nu chng ta ni v ' a horrific war'(mt cuc chin tranh kinh hong) th mnh hn l 'a horrible war' ( mt cuc chin tranh kinh khng). Mt khc, cn phi nh rng 'horrible' thng c s dng trong ting Anh giao tip thng dng hng ngy cn 'horrific' li mang ngha trang trng hn. Bn thng bt gp t ny trn bo

ch hoc trong sch v ch n t c s dng trong m thoi. Terrible cng mang c ngha ca horrible, v vy chng ta c th ni: - "A terrible accident" (mt tai nn gh s) hay - "A terrible cup of coffee" (mt tch c ph kinh khng) Chng ta cng thng s dng t ny vi mt ngha chung chung l 'very bad' (rt xu). V vy bn c th ni: - " This movie is terrible" (B phim ny tht chn.) hay: - " This actor is terrible " (Din vin ny tht d). Mt khc, "terrific" hu ht thng c ngha l 'very good' (rt tt). Bi th: Cu "This homework is terrific" (Bi tp v nh ny rt tt) l i ngc vi cu " This homework is terrible" ( Bi tp v nh ny tht ti). Terrific cng c th c ngha l 'very strong' (rt mnh) hay 'very intense' (rt mnh lit), chng ta c th ni 'terrific speed' (tc kinh hn) - " The car is travelling at terrific speed" (Chic xe phng i vi tc kinh hn). Nh vy, vic ng dng cc tnh t trn l ph thuc vo ngha ring bit ca chng. Hy vng rng s gii thch trn y s gip bn vn dng tht tt nhm tnh t horrible, horrific, terrible, terrific trong cc tnh hung giao tip. (cn tip)
Tr li km Trch dn

5.

29-02-2012, 09:53#5

katie
Thnh vin danh d

katie

Qu Cn Th Bi vit 971 im 7,837 Cp bc 59 Thanks 76 c cm n: 72/46 bi

14. phn bit cc t teacher, tutor, lecturer, professor, instructor, coach v trainer Teacher: y l mt thut ng dng ch ngi lm cng vic ging dy. Xem cc v d sau: Id like to go intoteaching and get a job as a teacher in an inner city primary or secondary school. (Ti mun theo ngh dy hc v s tm cng vic lm mt gio vin dy mt ngi trng cp 1 hoc cp 2 trong ni thnh.) Teaching assistants can only ever support the classroom teacher; they can never replace him. (Nhng ngi tr ging ch c th h tr gio vin chnh trong lp, ch khng th thay th c h.) Tutor: ch mt ngi dy cho mt hay mt vi c nhn.

Xem cc v d sau: My son wasnt making much progress in school, so I hired a maths tutor to give him private lessons after school. (Con trai ti khng tin b nhiu lm lp, v vy ti thu mt gia s ton dy km ring cho n sau gi hc lp.) If you are enrolled as a student in a British university, you will have a personal tutor who provides you with close support throughout your studies and with whom you will have tutorials to discuss aspects of the subject being studied. (Nu bn ghi danh vo mt trng i hc Anh, bn s c mt gia s ring, ngi s gip bn trong sut thi gian hc v bn s tho lun vi ngi cc lnh vc hc tp.) Lecturer: ch mt ngi gio vin ging bi hoc thuyt trnh mt cch chnh quy trong cc trng i hc v cao ng. Xem v d sau: Dr. Gradgrind is our lecturer on the Victorian novel and the course will be taught through a series of lectures and seminars. (Gio s Gradgrind l ngi thuyt ging v tiu thuyt thi Victoria ca chng ti, v kho hc s c a ra thng qua cc bi ging v cc hi tho chuyn .) Professor: Trong ting Anh - Anh, thut ng Professor dng ch ngi ging vin c v tr cao nht trong mt b mn mt trng i hc hoc cao ng. Xem v d sau: Professor Stephen Hawking, Professorof Mathematics at the University of Cambridge, is one of the most formidable intellects

ever to theorise on the origins of the universe. (Gio s Stephen Hawking, gio s ton hc ca trng i Hc Cambridge, l mt trong nhng v gio s ti nht to ra cc l thuyt v ngun gc ca v tr.) Cc cp bc dy hc tm lc nh sau: lecturer (ging vin), senior lecturer (ging vin lu nm),reader (ph gio s) v cui cng l professor (gio s). Ch : Trong ting Anh - M, professor l thut ng ch ging vin chnh thc mt trng i hc. Gio vin cc trng cp 2, cp 3 hay cao ng u khng c gi l professor. Instructor: Anh, thut ng instructor dng ch mt ngi dy bn hc hay pht trin k nng hc tp hay k nng th thao c bit no . Xem cc v d sau y If you want to learn how to drive, you will need a driving instructor. (Nu bn mun hc li xe, bn cn tm mt ngi dy li xe.) If you want to learn how to fly, you will require a flying instructor. (Nu bn mun bay, bn cn phi tm mt ngi dy bay.) Ch Trong ting Anh - M, thut ng instructor dng ch nhng ging vin i hc di cp tr ging cho cc gio s. Coach: ch hun luyn vin th thao. Tim Henman, Britains No 1, has new coach, Paul Anacone, who worked with Pete Sampras for six years. (Tim Henman, tay vt hng u ca Anh, c hun luyn vin mi l Paul Anacone, ngi tng lm vic vi Pete Sampras 6 nm.)

Paul Bracewell, national coach with the England youth teams for the past two years, has resigned. (Paul Bracewell, ngi hun luyn i tuyn tr quc gia ca Anh 2 nm qua np n t chc.) Trainer: Ch ngi o to ngh hay th thao. Xem cc v d sau In-service teacher trainers are in very great demand here as there is no pre-service training for teacher. ( y ang cn mt s lng ln cc chuyn vin o to gio vin ti chc do khng c o to trc ti chc cho gio vin.) If you can get Kevin as your personal fitness trainer, youll work on a wide range of strategies and teachniques. (Nu bn nh c Kevin o to cho bn, bn s phi tp luyn vi nhiu chin thut v k thut.) ------------------------------------15. phn bit: Wear, put on, dress wear, put on, dress khng n thun ch mang ngha mc qun o. Chng cn c s dng trong rt nhiu ng cnh khc nhau. Mi cc bn cng tm hiu cch dng ca tng t qua nhng v d di y nh! Wear Khi chng ta ni: wear clothes, wear shoes hay wear jewellery, ngha l ta mc, eo n trn ngi (have them on your body). V d: She was wearing a beautiful diamond necklace with matching earrings. (C ta eo mt ci vng c kim cng tuyt p v i khuyn tai rt hp).

Bn cng c th dng ng t wear khi ni ai tc hoc ru theo mt cch c bit: V d: He wears a very long beard. (ng ta mt b ru rt di). David Beckham used to wear his hair short, but now he is wearing it long. (David Beckham tng tc ngn nhng gi th anh y ang tc di). Ngoi ngha ni trn, ng t wear cn c ngha l th g tr nn v dng, xc x hoc kit qu do dng thng xuyn v qu lu. V d: This carpet is beginning to wear. We shall soon have to replace it. (Ci thm ny c rch ri. Chng ta phi nhanh mua ci mi thi). Cm t to wear thin: cn kit, yu dn v cm ng t to wear out: mn dn. Nu ai cm thy worn out, tc l h cm thy v cng mt mi (extremely tired). i vi vt worn out c ngha l mn do dng nhiu. V d: He is such an annoying person. My patience is wearing thin. (Anh ta qu l mt ngi kh chu. Lng kin nhn ca ti ang cn dn). If you didn't play football every day, your shoes wouldn't wear out so quickly. (Nu cu khng chi bng hng ngy, giy ca cu s khng b mn nhanh n th). I've spent all day shopping and I feel quite worn out. (Mnh i mua sm c ngy nn mnh cm thy mt qu)! Put on ng t put clothes on c ngha l mc (o...) vo, i (m)

vo, i (giy...) vo..., tc l bn place them on your body c c ng t wear. Tri ngha vi put clothes on l take clothes off. V d: Take that shirt off and put on a new one. You can't go out in such an old shirt. (Con nn ci ci o ra v mc o mi. Con khng th ra ngoi vi ci o s mi c th ny c.) Put on cn c nhiu ngha khc. Mi cc bn tm hiu thm mt vi cch dng ca put on qua cc v d di y: Put on weight: ln, tng cn, cm t tri ngha l to lose weight: gim cn V d: I thought I was going to put some weight on on holiday, but I lost half a kilo as I swam every day. (Mnh ngh l mnh s tng cn sau k ngh h nhng mnh gim na cn v mnh i bi hng ngy). Put on: cn c ngha l bt (n, ti vi, i...) V d: Why don't you put that new CD on so that I have some music while I'm ironing? (Sao anh khng bt ci a CD mi em c th nghe trong khi l nh?) Put on = perform: trnh din, a ln sn khu V d: They put on a new play, but had to stopped itafter three days as nobody came. (H trnh din mt v kch mi nhng phi ngng li 3 ngy sau v khng ai n xem c). Dress ng t dress tng ng vi cm t put clothes on. Chng ta thng ni get dressed = dress trong trng hp khng trang

trng. V d: You'd better get dressed now. Henry will be here in ten minutes. (Cu nn mc qun o ngay i. 10 pht na Henry s n y y). Bn bao gi gp cm t dress children, dress a wound cha? Liu dress cn ngha l mc khng? Hy tm cu tr li qua v d di y nh! V d: She came in covered in mud. So I dressed her in new clothes. (C b bc vo m ngi lm lem bn. V th ti tm ra v mc qun o mi cho c b.) I think it had better not to dress that wound. We'll just leave it.(Mnh ngh l khng nn st trng v bng b vt thng . C mc n ri s khi m). Chng ta hay dng cm t dress up tc l n mc chnh t, chi chut, khin ai tr nn bnh bao, sang trng hn. Tri ngha vi dress up l dress down, tc l mc qun o bnh thng, hay c dng khi ni v qun o ca cng nhn khi lm vic. V d: I must dress up at Edwards party next Saturday. (Mnh phi tht din khi ti ba tic ca Edward th by ti). In certain offices in the city on Fridays, there is no need for staff to wear a uniform. They can dress down. (Ti mt s vn phng trong thnh ph, vo ngy th 6, nhn vin khng phi mc ng phc. H c th mc qun o bnh thng). Khng ch c ngha l din bnh, dress up as somebody or

something cn c ngha l ha trang: I am going to dress up as the pumpkin from Cinderella. (Mnh s ha trang l qu b ng trong truyn c tch C b L Lem). Cm t Dress down somebody hoc dress somebody down ngha l mng m ai v h lm sai iu g. V d She dressed him down in front of his co-workers. (C ta mng anh y ngay trc mt nhng ng nghip ca anh). -----------------------------------------------16. Phn bit thief, robber, burglar Khi dch t ting Anh sang ting Vit, 3 t trn u tng ng l k trm, cp nhng v bn cht th li khc nhau. Mi cc bn cng tm hiu ngha chi tit ca tng t di y. Danh t thief (s nhiu l thieves) l danh t ch ngi, ngha l k trm, k cp. Trong ting Anh, khi ni n thief, th chng ta phi hiu l k nh cp mt cch ln lt, thng khng gy ra bo lc v do , ch khi b mt, nn nhn mi nhn ra rng c k trm. Thief c th hot ng tt c vo mi thi im trong ngy. V d: a car/jewel, etc. thief (tn trm xe, trm trang sc) Danh t theft c ngha l s n trm, hnh vi n trm V d: to commit theft (phm ti n trm) petty theft (s n cp vt) Police are investigating the theft of computers from the companys offices. (Cnh st ang iu tra v n trm my vi tnh t cc vn phng ca cng ty .) Chng ta c thnh ng lin quan n t thief sau: (There is) honour among thieves ngha l lut x hi en (As) thick as thieves dng trong cch ni thn mt gia hai

hoc nhiu ngi, tc l rt n , rt thn nhau. V d: Mary, Tom, and Sally are as thick as thieves. (Mary, Tom, v Sally rt thn nhau.) Danh t burglar ch k trm t nhp (break into) vo nh (ta nh, vn phng) mt cch bt hp php v ly cp c. Khc vi thief hot ng vo bt c thi im no trong ngy, burglar l k trm hot ng vo ban m. Danh t ch hnh ng ca burglar l burglary: hnh ng n trm V d: Theres a rise in the number of burglaries committed in the area. (Hnh vi phm ti trm cp khu vc ny tng ln). Danh t robber l k cp. Khc vi thief nh trnh by trn, robber thng gy thng tch, e da nn nhn hoc dng nhng hnh thc bo lc khc ly . V d: a bank robber: k cp nh bng The robbers attacked him and disappeared with the expensive painting. (Bn cp tn cng anh ta v bin mt vi bc tranh t gi). Danh t Robbery ngha l v cp, hnh vi cp bc. V d: armed robbery (= using a gun, knife, etc.): v cp dng v kh (c s dng sng, dao...) There has been a spate of robberies in the area recently. (Gn y c nhiu v cp xy ra vng ny). Lin quan n robbery, trong ting Anh c thnh ng: daylight robbery = highway robbery dng trong vn phong khng trang

trng, ng phn nn gi bn qu t, trng trn (m ngi Vit Nam hay v nh n cp gia ban ngy). V d: Four thousand dollars!I won't pay it! It's highway robbery! (4 nghn la ! Ti khng tr u! Tht l trng trn.) It's daylight robbery to charge that amount of money for a hotel room! (Tht l trng trn khi i tin phng khch sn nh th.) Ngoi 3 t trn, cn c mt s t khc din t k trm, cp trong ting Anh. V d nh: shoplifter (k cp gi lm khch mua hng ca hng hay siu th), pirate (k cp bin,hi tc), pickpocket (k mc ti), bandit vgangster (trm cp theo bng nhm). T criminal l t chung nht cho tt c cc t trn. ( Cn tip)
Tr li km Trch dn

6.

29-02-2012, 09:53#6

katie
Thnh vin danh d

katie

Qu Cn Th Bi vit 971

im 7,837 Cp bc 59 Thanks 76 c cm n: 72/46 bi

17. Phn bit who v whom C hai i t quan h who v whom u dng thay th cho danh t ch ngi, vy s khc nhau gia chng l g? Ngy nay, cu trc ting Anh c n gin ha i rt nhiu nhm to s d dng hn cho ngi s dng. V ting Anh thi hin i thng c xu hng ly who thay cho whom. Tuy nhin, cc quy tc c trong ting Anh v vic s dng hai i t ny vn cn kh nghim ngt. Di y l mt s quy tc c bn: 1. Th nht: who c s dng nh mt ch ng (Subject) cn whom c s dng nh mt b ng (Object). V d: Who is at the door? (Ai ang ng ngoi ca th?) Whom did you see at the door? (Bn nhn thy ai ng ngoi ca th?) Qua hai v d trn, bn s thy ngay s khc bit gia who v whom. Cu tr li cho cu hi who th lun lun l ch ng ca cu hoc ca mnh . Trong khi cu tr li cho cu hi whom lun lun l b ng ca cu. v d th nht ch ng chnh l who (ngi ng ngoi ca), cn trong v d th hai, ch ng chnh l you (bn) v whom(ngi bn nhn thy) l b ng trc tip. Whom did you recommend for the job? (Bn gii thiu ai cho v tr ny?)

Are there any people whom you would recommend? (C ai m bn c th gii thiu khng?) Trong c hai cu trn th you l ch ng cn whom ch l b ng ca ng t recommend m thi. 2. Th hai: whom c s dng nh b ng ca mt vi gii t nh: to, for, about, under, over, after, v before. Hy xem nhng v d di y: The last piece of pie should go to whomever you see first. (Ming bnh cui cng dnh cho bt k ai m bn nhn thy u tin). I'll begin my letter with the phrase: To Whom It May Concern. (Ti thng bt u l th ca mnh vi cm t: Gi nhng ngi lin quan). I don't know from whom the love letter came. (Ti khng bit bc th tnh ny do ai gi ti). After whom do I enter the stage? (Ti s bc ln sn khu sau ngi no?) Tuy nhin, ngy nay n gin ho trong cch s dng ting Anh, ngi ta c xu hng dng who thay th chowhom. Gi s bn ni: Whom were you talking to? (Bn ni chuyn vi ai ?). Xt v mt ng php, cu ny hon ton ng nhng mi ngi t khi s dng cch ni ny m dng who thay vo . C mt mo nh nhng rt hu ch m bn c th p dng phn bit khi no nn s dng who v khi no s dng whom trong cu hi. l bn hy ngh thm trong u phng n tr li cho cu hi s dng hai

t he v him. He th tng ng vi who (ch ng) cn him th tng ng vi whom (b ng). Sau , da vo phng n tr li s dng he hay him m bn c th bit c cu hi nn dng who hay whom cho chnh xc. V d sau s lm bn hiu r hn v mo nh ny: Who / Whom should I consider as a college recommendation? (Ti ang cn nhc xem nn gii thiu ai?) Bn hy sp xp li cu tr li cho cu hi trn trong u xem cu c th s dng he hay him. V bn s c hai trng hp: I should consider him.... I should consider he.... Trong trng hp ny him r rng l ph hp hn. V vy, whom s l p n chnh xc cho cu hi ca bn ------------------------------------------18. Phn bit whether v if C hai t whether v if u c s dng gii thiu cu hi yes/no question trong cu gin tip. V d: * He asked me whether I felt well. (Anh y hi ti rng liu ti c cm thy khe khng?) * Were not sure if they have decided. (Chng ti khng chc liu h quyt nh cha?) Tuy nhin, bn cn phn bit cch s dng hai t if v whether trong nhng trng hp sau y: 1. Sau ng t discuss th thng ngi ta hay dng whether hn l if: V d: * We discussed whether he should be hired. (Chng ti tho lun xem liu c nn thu anh y hay khng?) * They discussed whether to invest in the new idea. (H tho lun xem liu c nn u t cho tng mi hay khng?)

2. Sau gii t th chng ta ch dng whether: V d: * We talked about whether we should go or not. (B m ang bn xem chng ta c nn chuyn i hay khng?) * I looked into whether he should stay. (Ti ang xem xt liu anh ta c nn li khng?) 3. Vi ng t nguyn th (To Infinitive) th chng ta ch dng whether m khng dng if: V d: * She cant decide whether to buy the house or wait. (C y khng th quyt nh c nn mua ngi nh hay tip tc ch thm na). * He considered whether to give up the position or quit next year. (Anh y ang cn nhc xem nn t b v tr ny hay l b vic vo nm ti). 4. S khc nhau cui cng l whether c dng mang tnh nghi thc x giao hn, cn if c dng vi trong tnh hung sung s, thn mt: V d: * Let me know whether you will be able to attend the conference. (Hy cho ti bit nu bn c th tham d bui hi tho). * The CEO will decide whether this is a risk worth taking. (Ban gim c ang cn nhc xem liu iu c ng mo him hay khng?) * He asked if she had seen that film. (Anh y hi xem liu c y xem b phim cha?) * She wondered if Tom would be there the day after. (C y ang bn khon liu Tom c y ngy mai khng?)