SAP SD Questions and Answers

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Chapter 1: Introduction to SD Module

1. List the SYSTEM Modules that are Included in the Financial Application Component.
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The following SYSTEM modules are included in the financial application component:

FIFinancial Accounting COControlling ECEnterprise Controlling IMInvestment Management PSProject System

2. List the SYSTEM Modules that are Included in the Human Resource Application (Human Capital Management) Component.
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The following SYSTEM modules are included in the human resource application component:

PAPersonnel Administration PTPersonnel Time Management PYPayroll

3. List the SYSTEM Modules that are Included in the Logistic Application Component.
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The following SYSTEM modules are included in the logistic application component:

SDSales and Distribution M MMaterials Management PPProduction Planning and Control LELogistics Execution QMQuality Management CSCustomer Service

4. List the Components the SD Module Consists of.

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The SD module consists of the following components:

Basic Functions and Master Data in SD Processing (SD-BF) Pricing and Conditions (SD-BF-PR) Extra Charge (SD-BF-EC) Availability Check and Requirements in Sales and Distribution Credit and Risk Management (SD-BF-CM) Material Sorting (SD-BF-AS) Output Determination (SD-BF-OC) Sales (SD-SLS) Scheduling Agreements for Component Suppliers (SD-SLS-OA)
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Customer Service Processing (SD-SLS-OA) Foreign Trade/Customs (SD-FT) Billing (SD-BIL) Payment Card Processing (SD-BIL-IV) Sales Support: Computer-Aided Selling (CAS) Electronic Data Interchange/IDoc Interface (SD-EDI) Shipping (LE-SHP) Transportation (LE-TRA) Reports and Analyses (SD-IS-REP) Business Package for Internal Sales Representative

5. What is the Purpose of Transaction Code in SYSTEM?

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The transaction code is the short path to reach a specific screen in SYSTEM. Instead of going through the routine menu, you can enter the Transaction Code and then press "Enter," which would directly take you to the specific transaction. For example, you can access the VA22 transaction code to reach the Change Quotation screen. However, the VA01 transaction code is used to create Sales document in SYSTEM.

6. What is Meant by Match Code in SYSTEM?

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The comparison key that helps you to find the key of a specific database record, depending on the field value entered in the record, is known as match code. On the basis of the match code, the system then displays a list of records from which you can select the appropriate one.

7. Explain the Three Main Areas of Customer Master Data.

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Customer master is a part of the SD module and forms the basis for customer-related transactions. It is divided into three areas:

General DataIt is used for the maintenance of general customer details such as name, address, phone/fax nos., and so on. Sales Area DataIt is used for Sales-related data maintenance. Company Code dataIt is used for accounts-related data maintenance.

8. What is the Purpose of Implementation Guide (IMG Menu) in the SYSTEM?

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The Implementation Guide (IMG Menu) is used to collectively group the areas that must be configured and customized, and form a basic structure of an organization in the System to run.

9. How Will You Maintain a Company Code in SYSTEM?

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To maintain a company code, navigate the following menu path:

Customizing Implementation Guide (IMG Menu) > Enterprise Structure > Definition > Financial Accounting > Edit, Copy, Delete, Check Company Code.

10. What Do You Mean by Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)?

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ERP is a way to integrate processes and data of an organization into a single system to provide easy access and workflow in an organization. It refers to the way in which large organizations efficiently plan to use resources to their fullest.

11. List the Advantages of Implementing an ERP System in an Organization.

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The advantages of implementing an ERP system in an organization are as follows:

Various processes and workflow of an organization are integrated in a single system. Efficient utilization of resources in an organization. Ability to easily share organizational data across different departments. Improves efficiency and productivity levels. Lower costs. Better customer service.

12. Specify the Role of the Sales and Distribution (SD) Module in an ERP System.
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The SD module is an application module for supply-chain and operational performance management, and provides support to customers. This module is integrated with the Material Management (MM) and Production Planning (PP) functional modules. It also allows organizations to input sales price of products for customers and check for open orders.

13. Explain All Modules in the System.

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The modules in the system are as follows:

Financial Accounting (FI)Regulates books of record including general ledger, accounts payable and receivable. Controlling (CO)Deals with the cost and management accounting in an organization. Asset Management (AM)Manages and tracks the value of assets in an organization. Project Systems (PS)Manages large or small projects in an organization. Human Resources (HR)Manages data and activities of human resource or Human Capital Management in an organization. Plant Maintenance (PM)Manages and maintains plant equipment, such as machines, in an organization. Materials Management (MM)Maintains material-related data, such as material purchase and inventory. Quality Management (QM)Maintains quality systems in an organization. Production Planning (PP)Maintains comprehensive planning for production in an organization. Sales and Distribution (SD)Maintains sales- and distribution-related data in the system, such as customer master, pricing, distribution channel, product line, and various aspects of sales and distribution. Cross-Application (CA)Manages workflow, workplace, and various cross-applications in an organization.

14. What are the Application Areas of the R/3 System?

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Application areas of the R/3 system are also called functional areas or functional modules. The following are the application areas:

Sales and Distribution Human Resource Management Production Planning Fixed Assets Management Material Management

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Production Planning Financial Management Industry Solution Workflow Plant Maintenance Quality Management Controlling Project System

15. What are the Advantages of the R/3 System?

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The following are the advantages of the R/3 system:

FunctionalityProvides software solutions that cover all the commercial process and transactions used in an organization. User-friendlinessProvides a uniform graphical user interface for all application areas for all users. Flexible structureProvides flexible systems structure, as flexibility is an important aspect in every department. Real-time integrationProvides all the information on the basis of real-time scenarios. Enterprise-wide integrationProvides integration among all the modules in a system. Three-tiered architectureProvides enterprise-wide and three-tiered architecture that includes presentation, application, and database application. This architecture provides flexibility and the ability to make changes according to the organizational needs. Concurrent engineeringHelps in building the real-time workflow application links that are essential and required. Desktop integrationProvides the export utility to export the data to the desktop of a computer. Individual solutionsProvides system-controlled customizing procedures to build solutions and to fulfill the individual requirements.

16. How Does the R/3 System Integrate All the Application Modules?
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Integration of all application modules has been done by the R/3 basis system. This system helps in the integration of various modules in the following manner:

Guarantees the optimal integration by providing runtime environment. Provides administration tools for the entire system. Provides equilibrium architectural framework for enhancing the system. Provides portability of the complete system.

17. What are the Functions of the R/3 System?

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The R/3 system provides the following functions:

IntegrationProvides a complete integration of the various data transfers, which, in turn, is helpful in making good quality reports. Saving time with integrationHelps reduce the time needed to close the books of accounts. Automation of consolidation procedureSaves time and cost as there is no need to enter all the documents
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manually.

Customizing the software according to the needsProvides the facility of creating new programs whenever the requirement arises. Cost-effective auditsProvides the facility to the auditor for performing interactive analysis of special information. Easy to learn and useProvides context-sensitive functions and extensive online documentation that is easy to understand and learn. Information SystemIncludes functions for creating reports. It provides information through exceptional and interactive reporting. International accountingAllows parallel-valuation approaches at all levels for external and internal accounting purposes by using different currencies.

18. What is R/3 System Landscape?

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Landscape is an architecture of servers. The following are three different landscapes for SYSTEM:

DevelopmentIn a development server, a technical/function person creates the programs or configures the system as per the company's requirement and sends it to the quality server. QualityIn this server, team members test the development/configuration with various parameters. Then the final configuration is transported from development server to production server. ProductionThrough this server, the software is finally handed over to the client for users.

19. What are the Databases Supported by the SYSTEM R/3 System?
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The SYSTEM R/3 system provides support for the following databases:

ADABAS D DB2/400 DB2/Common Server DB2/MVS Microsoft SQL Server Oracle Oracle Parallel Server

20. What is the Role of an ABAPer in the SD Module?

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The ABAPer uses the data transfer tools, such as BDC/LSMW, to upload huge data, such as customer master data. ABAPer writes the Z-Development and programs as specified by the functional consultant as per the business requirements.

21. Who Can be the Business Partner in SYSTEM?

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A business partner in the system can be:

Customer Vendor Contact person Employee recognized as sales personnel Customized as per the specific requirement of business
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22. Explain BADIs and its Relevance.

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In the R/3 system, system provides an enhancement technique called business add-ins (BADIs). BADIs are business transaction events helpful to bundle program, menu, and screen enhancements into a single business add-in.

23. How Do You Define BADIs?

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The following menu path can be navigated to define BADIs:

SYSTEM Menu > Tools > ABAP Workbench > Utilities > Business Add-Ins > [SE18]Definition.

24. What is the Quick Viewer?

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The Quick Viewer is a very useful tool to create reports in system. It helps create reports without actually doing any programming. It is similar to an ABAP Query; however, it does not have all the capabilities that the ABAP query procedure has.

25. What are System Query and InfoSets? How Can You Create InfoSets?
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The System Query is a tool used to create reports with little coding. It provides more flexibility than the quick viewer, as with the modification of code a wider functionality can be achieved. To create a query we need to create InfoSets to hold actual data. The following menu path can be navigated to create InfoSets:

SYSTEM Menu > Tools > ABAP Workbench > Utilities > SYSTEM Query > [SQ02] InfoSets.

26. Which Kinds of Servers are Used to Define the Functioning of a System?
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There are three servers in the SYSTEM application modules:

Development server Quality server Production server

27. What is the Role of ERP in a Business Environment?

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Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is a software package that is designed for the integrated management of the various business processes, such as inquiry, order placement, invoicing, and billing. It initially was designed for manufacturing industries to manage the core business areas, such as production and finance. With the popularity of the ERP package, its functionalities also extended to cover the complete business management.

28. Define IDES.

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IDES stands for International Demonstration and Education System, and is an application used to quickly learn and implement ERP.

29. What is R/3?

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R/3 means the three-tiered architecture used by the system. The three tiers are as follows:

Database Server Application Server Presentation Server

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