GKS Tinchi CH3 SDH

CHNG 3
K thut ghp knh s ng b SDH
TS.V Trng Sn
Bi ging K thut ghp knh s
Ni dung chng 3
3.1 ng lc cho s ra i ca SDH Phn cp tn hiu s SDH (cu trc khung, tc , cc thng tin mo u) Con tr trong SDH v xp xp tn hiu vo container Cc phn t mng SDH v cc gii php duy tr mng. ng b mng SDH Qun l mng SDH Tho lun
3.2
3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6

TS.V Trng Sn
3 2 2 2
2
3.6
Ni dung chng 3
3.2
3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6

TS.V Trng Sn
3 2 2 2
3
3.6
PDH v nhc im ca n
Trc SDH, cc mng truyn dn da trn PDH. Plesiochronous trong PDH c ngha l cn ng b. Vic ghp t E1 ln E4 phi thng qua 2 cp trung gian l E2 v E3. Tn ti 3 chun ghp khc nhau Cc khung c cc cu trc khc nhau Qun l hot ng v cnh bo trong PDH i hi cc thit b ring. Xen r phc tp v tn km ...
TS.V Trng Sn Bi ging K thut ghp knh s 4
u im ca SDH so vi PDH
SDH da trn nguyn l ghp knh ng b trc tip V bn cht, cc tn hiu chm hn, ring bit c th c ghp trc tip vo cc tn hiu SDH c tc cao hn m khng cn cc cp ghp trung gian. SDH linh ng hn PDH ng thi ci tin c tnh bo dng v qun l mng. C th s dng trong cc loi mng vin thng truyn thng; c th s dng mang cc lung video CATV.
TS.V Trng Sn
Ghp knh tng cp trong PDH

Trong PDH, khi ghp knh t E1 ln E4 cn c 21 b ghp knh:
16 x 2DME 4 x 3DME 1 x 4DME
Cn nhiu on cp ni gia cc DME
TS.V Trng Sn
Xen r lung E1 t lung E4

140 Mbps
34 Mbps 4 DME 8 Mbps 8 Mbps 3 DME 2 DME 2 DME 3 DME
34 Mbps 4 DME 2 Mbps
140 Mbps
TS.V Trng Sn
Xen/ r trong SDH
TS.V Trng Sn
SDH l g?
SDH l phn cp ghp lung th cp ng b. C s ca SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy):
ghp knh ng b d liu t cc lung cp thp c ghp xen byte ln cc lung cp cao hn.
TS.V Trng Sn
Nguyn l ghp xen byte

C s ca SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy)
l ghp knh ng b, d liu t cc lung cp thp c ghp xen byte to ra lung cp cao hn.
MUX
TS.V Trng Sn
10
c im ca SDH
Cc knh c ghp ti cc v tr c nh c quan h vi cc byte trong khung. Vic phn knh thc hin bng cch ly ra cc bytes cn thit t lung s. iu ny cho php cho php:
r/xen mt knh n trc tip t lung s m khng cn phn knh tng cp nh trong PDH.
TS.V Trng Sn
11
Cc tc trong SDH
SDH l mt phn cp truyn ti trn c s ghp cc lung 155.52 Mbit/s.
(STM = Synchronous Transport Module)
Mi tc l chnh xc bng bi ca tc ca lung cp thp,

v vy phn cp ny l ng b
TS.V Trng Sn
12
Cc tc trong SDH
Cc lung STM-1 STM-4 STM-16 STM-6 4 Tc d liu (Mbps) 155.52 622.08 2488.32 9953.28 Tc ti trng (Mbps) 150.336 601.344 2405.376 9621.50
TS.V Trng Sn
13
Ni dung chng 3
Bi ging K thut ghp knh s 14
3.2
3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6

3.6
TS.V Trng Sn
3 2 2 2
Phn cp trong SDH

Cc lung bc cao c to ra bng cch ghp xen bytes cc lung cp thp:
STM-4 c ghp t
4 lung STM-1
STM-16 c ghp t
16 lung STM-1 hoc 4 lung STM-4
STM-64 c ghp t
64 lung STM-1 hoc 16 lung STM-4 hoc 4 lung STM-16.
Phn cp trong SDH

Ring lung STM-1 c to ra t cc lung PDH:
1 lung E4 3 lung E3 63 lung E1 84 lung T1 21 lung T2 3 lung T3
TS.V Trng Sn
16
Phn cp SDH
TS.V Trng Sn
17
Phn cp SDH (ETSI)
TS.V Trng Sn
18
Container
C : Container, l n v thng tin dng ng b ho cc lung PDH vo mi trng SDH (khung STM). n v kch thc ca Container tnh theo bytes. Thi gian ca cc loi container u bng 125s.
TS.V Trng Sn
19
Container (tt)
C cc container sau:
C4: dng ghp lung E4 (kch thc 2340 bytes). C3: dng ghp lung E3, T3 (kch thc 756 bytes). C2: dng ghp lung T2 (kch thc 106 bytes). C11: dng ghp lung T1 - 1,5Mbps (kch thc 25 bytes). C12: dng ghp lung E1 - 2 Mbps (kch thc 34 bytes). c th a cc lung PDH v cc container tng ng
cn s dng cc bit chn c nh v chn c hi (chn dng, chn m, chn khng).
TS.V Trng Sn
20
SDH v tn hiu khng ng b
Ti vng giao tip PDH/SDH

cc bit chn c s dng khi tn hiu PDH c a vo Container tng ng.
TS.V Trng Sn
21
Cc container o trong SDH

Khi mi mt C c to ra
byte t mo ng dn (POH) c gn thm vo to thnh Container o (VC) .
POH (Path Overhead) c cha cc thng tin v

hot ng, cnh bo v cc thng tin qun l khc.
TS.V Trng Sn
22

Mt ng dn (path):
i ngang qua 1 mng SDH tn ti t im tn hiu PDH c a vo C n im tn hiu PDH c khi phc li t C.
POH i cng vi C (to thnh VC) thng qua ng dn.
TS.V Trng Sn
23

C cc container o sau:
VC4: kch thc 2349 bytes. VC3: kch thc 765 bytes. VC2: kch thc 107 bytes. VC11: kch thc 26 bytes. VC12: kch thc 35 bytes.
Cc VC4, VC3 c gi l cc VC bc cao;

Cc VC11, VC12, VC2 c gi l cc VC bc thp.
Thi gian ca cc VC cng l 125s.
TS.V Trng Sn
24
n v qun l AU Nhm n v qun l - AUG

Cc VC bc cao c gn thm con tr
to thnh n v qun l tng ng.
Chc nng ca con tr l:

ghi li mi lin h v pha gia khung STM-1 vi VC bc cao c ghp vo. C th hiu y, phase l v tr bt u mt VC trong khung STM-1.
TS.V Trng Sn
25
n v qun l AU Nhm n v qun l - AUG

C 2 loi AU l:
AU3: kch thc 768 bytes AU4: kch thc 2358 bytes
AU4 tng ng vi AUG (nhm n v qun l). 3 AU-3 ghp xen byte vi nhau to thnh mt AUG. Thi gian ca cc AU v AUG cng l 125s.
TS.V Trng Sn
26
n v qun l - AU
AU4 c th truyn trc tip vo STM-1
bng cch gn thm cc t mo on truyn dn (SOH).
3 AU3 c th truyn vo STM-1

bng cch ghp xen bytes vi nhau to thnh AUG v gn thm cc t mo on truyn dn (SOH).
TS.V Trng Sn
27
n v lung s TU (Tributary Unit)

Tr VC-4, tt c cc VC cn li c th a vo mt VC ln hn trc khi chuyn vo khung STM-1. Khi cn thit phi ghi li mi lin h v phase gia VC bc thp vi VC bc cao hn. C th hiu y, phase l v tr bt u mt VC bc thp trong mt VC bc cao hn. Chc nng ny c thc hin bi con tr.
TS.V Trng Sn
28
n v lung s TU
Mt VC bc thp c gn thm con tr gi l n v lung s. C cc TU sau:
TU3: kch thc 768 bytes. TU2: kch thc 108 bytes. TU11: kch thc 27 bytes. TU12: kch thc 36 bytes.
Thi gian ca cc TU cng l 125s.
TS.V Trng Sn
29
Nhm n v lung s TUG

Trc khi a vo VC bc cao hn,
cc TU c ghp xen bytes vi nhau to thnh nhm n v lung s (TUG). Thi gian ca cc TUG l 125s.
C cc TUG sau: TUG-2 TUG-3
TS.V Trng Sn
30
Nhm n v lung s TUG

TUG-2 c to ra bng mt trong cc cch sau:
Ghp xen bytes 4 x TU-11 Ghp xen bytes 3 x TU-12 Tng ng mt TU-2
TUG-3 c to ra bng mt trong cc cch sau:

Ghp xen bytes 7 x TUG-2 Tng ng mt TU-3
TS.V Trng Sn
31
Cu trc khung STM-1
TS.V Trng Sn
32
Truyn dn cc khung STM
TS.V Trng Sn
33
Cu trc khung STM-N
TS.V Trng Sn
34
Cu trc khung STM-N
C 3 vng chnh trong khung STM-N:

SOH Con tr n v qun l (AU pointer), v TS.V Trngthng Sn tin Bi ging K thut ghp knh s Ti trng
35
Thng tin mo u
M hnh phn lp
TS.V Trng Sn
36
Thng tin mo u
M hnh phn lp
TS.V Trng Sn
37
Thng tin mo u
Mo u on (SOH) ca STM-1
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
A1 B1 D1
A1
A1
A2 E1 D2
A2
A2
J0 F1 D3
RSOH
Mo u on chuyn tip
AU-4 Pointer B2 D4 D7 D10 S1

TS.V Trng Sn
B2
B2
K1 D5 D8 D11 M1
K2 D6 D9 D12 E2
MSOH
Mo u on ghp knh
Thng tin mo u
RSOH ca STM-1
Cc bytes ng b khung, dng ch r im bt u khung STM-1 Gim st li on lp (BIP-8), dng tnh bit chn l cho ton b khung trc D vt on chuyn tip (RS), dng xc minh kt ni Byte nghip v RS, cung cp kt ni voice nghip v 64 kbit/s cho nh iu hnh mng Knh ngi dng RS, cung cp knh ngi dng 64 kbit/s cho nh iu hnh mng Knh truyn s liu RS (DCC) 192 kbit/s, Knh DCC phc v cc hot ng vn hnh, bo dng v qun l
TS.V Trng Sn
39
Thng tin mo u
MSOH ca STM-1
Gim st li on ghp knh MS (BIP-24), dng tnh bit chn l cho ton b khung trc Byte nghip v MS, cung cp kt ni voice nghip v 64 kbit/s cho ngi iu hnh mng Knh truyn s liu MS (DCC) 576 kbit/s, Knh DCC phc v cc hot ng vn hnh, bo dng v qun l Ch th li t xa MS (REI), Ch ra s lng nhm b li BIP-24 thu c ti u xa Chuyn mch bo v t ng (APS), Knh truyn thng tin cnh bo v lnh chuyn mch d phng khi h thng chnh c s c. Trng thi ng b, Cht lng ca lung STM-1 khi c s dng lm ngun nh thi v ng b. Bi ging K thut ghp knh s TS.V Trng Sn 40
Thng tin mo u
POH bc cao (ca VC3/4)
Vt ng, dng xc minh kt ni
Gim st li ng (BIP-8), tnh bit chn l cho ton b Container trc
Nhn tn hiu ng, ch ra kiu xp xp ti tin trong VCn Trng thi ng, gim st trng thi ng trn c hai hng
Knh ngi dng ng, knh ngi dng 64 kbit/s cho nh iu hnh mng
Ch th a khung TU, bt u a khung

Knh ngi dng ng, knh ngi dng 64 kbit/s cho nh iu hnh mng
Chuyn mch bo v t ng (APS), bo v ng. Byte iu hnh TS.V Trng Sn mng, moBi u kt K ni chuyn bc ging thut ghptip knh s cao.
41
Thng tin mo u
POH bc thp (ca VC2/1)
BIP-2 / ch th li khi t xa (REI) / ch th li t xa (RFI) / nhn tn hiu/ ch th s c u xa (RDI)
Vt ng, dng xc minh kt ni
Byte iu hnh mng, mo u kt ni chuyn tip bc thp
Chuyn mch bo v t ng (APS), bo v ng.

Thng tin mo u
POH bc thp (ca VC2/1)
POH bc thp bao gm 4 bytes
Mi byte l mo u cho mt khung
4 khung vi cc byte mo u
V5 J3 N2 K4 t chc thnh mt a khung.
TS.V Trng Sn
43
Ni dung chng 3
3.2
3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6

TS.V Trng Sn
3 2 2 2
44
3.7
Ghp knh STM-1

Cc lung s n b ghp knh c th c to ra t cc ng h c tc khc nhau. Chng khng nht thit ng b vi nhau hay vi ng h ghp knh SDH l mng ng b! gii quyt vn ny, b ghp knh SDH tm im bt u ca tng khung trong mi lung
TS.V Trng Sn
45
Ghp knh STM-1

Hnh nh minh ha: xe gong
Cc container c th di chuyn bn trong xe gong
TS.V Trng Sn
46
Ghp knh STM-1

SDH l mt phng php mi ghp cc tn hiu chm vo mt tn hiu nhanh hn.
C c ch ng x i vi cc lung s khng cng tc ng h.
TS.V Trng Sn
47
Ghp knh STM-1

Hnh nh tng t trong SDH:
VC-4 tri ni trong phn ti trng ca STM-1 VC-4 c th bt u t mt v tr no trong phn ti trng ca STM-1 Con tr ch ra v tr bt u ny.
TS.V Trng Sn
48
Con tr AU-4
P
Bt u VC-4
Khung STM-1 # N
Cc bytes POH P
Khung STM-1 # N +1
TS.V Trng Sn
Bt u VC-4 tip theo

Con tr AU-4
Vng con tr
Vng ti trng
H1
H2 1*
11111111
1* H3 H3 H3
3 bytes c hi ng chnh m 3 bytes c hi ng chnh dng
1001UU11
TS.V Trng Sn
50
Con tr AU-4
H1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
H2
12 13 14 15 16
N N N N S S I D I D I D I D I D
N: bit c d liu mi (NDF) S: bit ch kch c con tr I: bit tng D: bit gim
SS=10 : cho con tr AU-4 / AU-3 / TU-3 NNNN= 0110: bnh thng NNNN= 1001: ng chnh VC khng bnh thng (d liu mi)
Con tr AU-4
H1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
H2
12 13 14 15 16
Bnh thng: 10 bit IDIDIDIDID ch v tr bt u ca VC-4 trong vng ti trng
N = (3 x P) + 1 N : Khong cch tnh t Byte H3 cui cng n Byte J1 (bytes). ( di con tr) P: gi tr ca 10 bit IDIDIDIDID.
Con tr AU-4
SOH
N N N N S S I D I D I D I D I D 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
STM-1#N VC-4 VC-4
P O SOH H
IDIDIDIDID=0000000000 P=0 N = (3 x P) + 1 = 1 Byte J1 nm cch Byte H3 cui cng 1 byte, tc l nm ngay bn phi Byte H3 cui cng. J1 nm hng? Ct ?
TS.V Trng Sn
SOH
STM-1#N+1 SOH
53
Con tr AU-4
IDIDIDIDID =0000101110 P= 86 N=(3 x P) + 1 = 259 J1 nm hng? Ct ?
STM-1#N
P
Bt u VC-4
Cc bytes POH P
STM-1#N+1
Bt u VC-4 tip theo

Con tr AU-4
SOH STM-1#N
IDIDIDIDID= 0000101111 P = 87 N = (3 x P) + 1 = 262 J1 nm hng? Ct ?
P SOH O H SOH
VC-4 VC-4
STM-1#N+1 SOH
TS.V Trng Sn
55
Con tr AU-4
SOH STM-1#N
IDIDIDIDID= 0000101111 P = 696 N = (3 x P) + 1 = 2089 J1 nm hng? Ct ? STM1#?
SOH
SOH P O H VC-4 VC-4
STM-1#N+1
SOH
TS.V Trng Sn
STM-1#N+2
56
Con tr AU-4
SOH STM-1#N
IDIDIDIDID= 1100001110 P=? N = (3 x P) + 1 = ? J1 nm hng? Ct ? STM1#? P= 0 ~ 782
SOH
SOH P O H VC-4 VC-4
STM-1#N+1
SOH
TS.V Trng Sn
STM-1#N+2
57
Ghp knh STM-1

SOH Con tr AU-4 tr v tr u tin ca VC SOH P O H VC-4 VC-4(Virtual (Virtualcontainer) container)
9
POH = Path overhead
1
TS.V Trng Sn
260 bytes
58
ng chnh con tr (dng)

Khi tc ng h VC-4 b hn tc ng h STM-1 => Gi tr con tr c tnh tin ln pha trc 3 bytes SOH Gi tr con tr c cp nht C Mi
SOH
VC-4 VC-4(Virtual (Virtualcontainer) container)
3 Bytes trng c chn y

ng chnh con tr (dng)

1 STM-1 # 1 4 (H1, H2)= 9 (0110100000000011) 1 #2 4 (H1, H2)= 9 (0110100000000011) 1 #3 4 Cc bit I b o (H1, H2)= 9 (0110101010101001) 1 #4 4 (H1, H2)= 9 (0110100000000100) H3 H3 H3 Bt u VC-4 (3 3 3) J1
H3 H3 H3
(3 3 3) J1 X ti thi im ts
H3 H3 H3 3 bytes chn
(4 4 4) J1
H3 H3 H3
(4 4 4) J1
(Gi tr con tr mi) TS.V Trng Sn Bi ging K thut ghp knh s 60
ng chnh con tr (m)

Khi tc ng h VC-4 ln hn tc ng h STM-1 => Gi tr con tr c tnh tin li pha sau 3 bytes SOH Gi tr con tr c cp nht STM-1 payload c Mi
VC-4 VC-4(Virtual (Virtualcontainer) container)
Con tr AU-4
3 Bytes VC c cha ti y
ng chnh con tr (m)

1 STM-1 #1 4 (H1, H2)= 9 (0110100000000011) 1 #2 4 (H1, H2)= 9 (0110100000000011) 1 #3 4 Cc bit D b o (H1, H2)= 9 (0110100101010110) 1 #4 4 (H1, H2)= 9 (0110100000000010) H3 H3 H3 Bt u VC-4 (3 3 3) J1
H3 H3 H3
(3 3 3) J1 X ti thi im ts
(2 2 2) J1
H3 H3 H3
(2 2 2) J1
(Gi tr con tr mi) TS.V Trng Sn Bi ging K thut ghp knh s 62
STM-1 Pointers Locations

AU-4 pointer
A1 H1 Y Y H2 I I H3 H3 H3 VC-4
(E-4 mapping)
AU-3 pointer
A1 H1 H1 H1 H2 H2 H2 H3 H3 H3 3 VC-3s
(DS-3 mapping) TS.V Trng Sn Bi ging K thut ghp knh s 63
Con tr AU-3
Vng con tr Vng ti trng
H1 H1 H1 H2 H2 H2 H3 H3 H3
3 bytes c hi ng chnh m 3 bytes c hi ng chnh dng
Mt AUG c th 3 AU-3:
Mi AU-3 c 3 bytes con tr: H1, H2, H3 Khi ghp thnh mt AUG to thnh 9 Bytes con tr Mi b H1, H2, H3 cng mt trong 3 bytes ngay sau Byte H3 cui cng: tr v tr v ng chnh cho mt VC-3 tng ng
Con tr AU-3
H1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
H2
12 13 14 15 16
Cu trc mi cp H1, H2: nh trong con tr AU-4 C 3 cp H1, H2:
Cp th nht: tr VC-3 th nht, cc bytes: 1, 4, 7, 10 Cp th hai: tr VC-3 th hai, cc bytes: 2, 5, 8, 11 Cp th ba: tr VC-3 th ba, cc bytes: 3, 6, 9, 12
P = (3 x N) + 1 = 0 ~ Bi 782 TS.V Trng Sn ging K thut ghp knh s
65
Con tr TU-3
RSOH
J1
Ti trng VC-4: C4 hoc TUG-3

H1 H1 H1 H2 H2 H2 H3 H3 H3 J1 B3 C2 G1 F2 H4 J1 B3 J1 B3 C2 G1 F2 H4 F3 K3 N1
AU Pointer MSOH
B3 C2 G1 F2 H4 F3 K3 N1
POH b bc cao
Ti trng C-3
C2 G1 F2 H4 F3 K3 N1
Ti Trng C-3
Ti Trng C-3
Hai c ct nh nhi
5 ct
F3 K3 N1
TS.V Trng Sn
POH b bc th thp Bi ging K thut ghp knh s
66
Con tr TU-3
S dng tr v tr ca mt VC-3 trong mt VC-4. Cch tnh v hot ng: tng t con tr AU-4
TS.V Trng Sn
67
Con tr TU-3
N= (3xP) + 1 P= 0 ~ 764
TS.V Trng Sn
68
Con tr TU-12
a khung TU-12
Con tr TU-12 tr v tr ca VC-12 trong khung TU-12

V1, V2, V3: nh H1, H2, H3 V4: cha s dng
Khung TU-12
TS.V Trng Sn
69
Con tr TU-12
V1 N N N N S S I D I D I
V2 D I D I D
V3
V4
S S : TU size 0 0 TU-2 1 0 TU-12 1 1 TU-11
Hot ng con tr
Cha s dng
T chc v hot ng ca cc con tr TU12, TU11 v TU2 l ging nhau

Con tr TU-12
Gi tr con tr TU-12:
cha trong cc bytes V1 v V2 Ch ra di t byte V2 n byte u tin ca a khung VC12 (Byte V5). Khng m cc Byte V3 v V4
Gi tr con tr: 0 ~ 139

Gi tr con tr bng 0: Byte V5 nm ngay sau Byte V2. Gi tr con tr bng 35: Byte V5 nm ngay sau Byte V3. Gi tr con tr bng 139: Byte V5 nm ngay trc Byte V2 ca a khung sau.
Cc Byte c hi ng chnh:
V3: c hi ng chnh m Byte ngay sau Byte V3: c hi ng chnh dng
Ghp E4 vo STM-1
TS.V Trng Sn
72
Ghp E4 vo STM-1
140 Mbit/s -> STM-1
C4 1 1 140M Thch ng Tc 9 Xp xp
TS.V Trng Sn
VC4 1 + POH P O H Trang sau 9 B tr 1 125s 261

73
260 125s
Ghp E4 vo STM-1
AU-4
1 1 Con tr RSOH AU4-PTR 261 1 1
STM-1
261
ng b
+ SOH
MSOH 9 9
ng b
B tr Mt STM-1
ng ghp knh: 1X140M 1XAU-4 AUG Mt STM-1 c th mang 1 tn hiu 34Mbit/s

TS.V Trng Sn
74
Ghp E4 vo STM-1
VC-4
W=IIIIIIII X= CRRRRROO Y=RRRRRRRR Z=IIIIIISR I: bit thng tin S: bit chn c hi C: bit ch th chn R: bit chn c nh 0: bit moTS.V u Trng Sn
75
Ghp E4 vo STM-1
Theo tnh ton:
Mi hng ca C-4 c 260 byte x 8 = 2080 bit Lung E4 cung cp cho mi hng ca C-4:
139,264 Mbit/s * 125 s / 9 = 1934,222.. bit
Cn chn: 2080 - 1934,222 = 145,778 bit
Theo b tr trn:
S bit thng tin trn mi hng: 20 * 96 + 8 + 6 = 1934 Cn li 1934,222 1934 = 0,222 bit do bit S chn c hi. ng vai tr chn c nh (145 bit):
5 Byte X, v 13 byte Y: 18 * 8 = 144 bit Bit R Byte Z: 1 bit
5 bit C 5 byte X: ch th chn cho bit S (11111->chn)

Ghp E3 vo STM-1
TS.V Trng Sn
77
Ghp E3 vo STM-1
34 Mbit/s -> STM-1
C3 1 1 34M Thch ng Tc 9 Xp xp
TS.V Trng Sn
VC3 1 + POH P O H Trang sau 9 B tr 1 125s 85

78
84 125s
Ghp E3 vo STM-1
TU-3 TUG-3 VC-4 1 H1 H2 H3 ng b Ln th nht 86 1 1 1 H1 H2 H3 3 R 86 1 1 3 261
Lp y
P O H
9 ng b Nhi
9 Ghp knh Tng t vi C4
ng ghp knh: 1X34M 1XTU-3 3XTUG-3 Mt STM-1 c th mang 3 tn hiu 34Mbit/s

TS.V Trng Sn
1XAU-4--- Mt STM-1
79
Ghp E3 vo STM-1
X=rrrrrrc1c2 Y=rrrrrrrs1 Z=s2iiiiiii R=rrrrrrrr I=iiiiiiii i: bit thng tin s1, s2: bit chn c hi c1, c2: bit ch th chn r: bit chn c nh
TS.V Trng Sn Bi ging K thut ghp knh s 4(R+3I) 4(R+3I) R R 5(R+3I) 5(R+3I) R X+5(3I+R) R X+5(3I+R) 5(R+3I) 5(R+3I) R X 3xI 4(R+3I) R 5(R+3I) R X+5(3I+R) 5(R+3I) R X 3xI
VC-3
R R Y Z I
84 Ct
80
Ghp E3 vo STM-1
Theo tnh ton:
Mi 3 hng ca C-3 c 84 x 3 x 8 = 2016 bit Lung E3 cung cp cho mi 3 hng ca C-3:
34,368 Mbit/s * 125 s / 3 = 1432 bit
Cn chn: 2016 - 1432 = 584 bit
Theo b tr trn:
S bit thng tin trn mi 3 hng: (60+60+58)x8+7= 1431. Hai bit chn c hi: s1s2 (mt chn m, mt chn dng) ng vai tr chn c nh (583 bit):
Cc Byte Xv R: 24 * 3 * 8 = 576 bit Bit R Byte Y: 7 bit
5 bit c1 5 byte X: ch th chn cho bit s1 5 bit c2 5 byte X: ch th chn cho bit s2
Ghp E1 vo STM-1
TS.V Trng Sn
82
Ghp E1 vo STM-1
2 Mbit/s -> STM-1 C12 1 4 1 Thch ng tc 9 Xp xp 125s B tr POH 1 VC12 4 1 + Con tr 9 ng b 1 TU12 4 1 Trang sau 9 TU-PTR
83
2M
+ POH
TS.V Trng Sn
Ghp E1 vo STM-1
TUG-2 1 12 1 3 9 7 R R 1 TUG-3 86 1
9 Tng t nh vi C3 3XTUG-3 1XSTM-1
Ghp knh
Ghp knh
ng ghp knh: 1X2M 3XTU12 7XTUG-2 Mt STM-1 c th mang 3X7X3 = 63 lung 2M Cu trc ghp knh: 3-7-3
TS.V Trng Sn Bi ging K thut ghp knh s
84
Ghp E1 vo STM-1
Mt C-12:
C 34 byte Mang 32 byte E1 2 byte chn c nh
V5 R 32xI R J2 c1c2oooorr 32xI R N2 c1c2oooorr 32xI R K4 c1c2rrrrrs1 s2iiiiiii 31xI R
125s
Mt a khung:
S dng hai bit chn c hi:
S1: chn m (ch th: c1c1c1) S2: chn dng (ch th: c2c2c2)
a khung VC-12, 140 bytes
250s
375s
TS.V Trng Sn
500s 85
Ni dung chng 3
3.2
3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6

TS.V Trng Sn
3 2 2 2
86
3.6
Cc phn t mng trong SDH

B ni cho (Digital Cross-Connect - DCS / DXC) B xen / r (Add/Drop Multiplexer - ADM) B ghp knh (Terminal Multiplexer TMX / PTE) Ngoi ra:
B chuyn tip (Regenerator) B chuyn i bc sng (Transponder)
TS.V Trng Sn
87

B ni cho (DCS/DXC):
S dng trong cc mng dng li Cc giao tip STM-N l ch yu Ma trn chuyn mch ln (1024 STM-N)
TS.V Trng Sn
88

B xen / r (ADM)
S dng trong cc mng ring C 2 giao tip STM-N (phi/tri) Mt s lng ln giao tip cc lung s: STM-1, E4, E3, E1.
TS.V Trng Sn
89
B xen / r STM-4
S khi
TS.V Trng Sn
90

B ghp knh (TMX / PTE)
S dng nh b tp trung (Hub) Giao tip ng STM-1/4 Cc giao tip lung s E1 l ch yu
TS.V Trng Sn
91

B chuyn tip:
u vo: tn hiu STM-N u vo: tn hiu STM-N Khi ph tn hiu truyn dn gim trt v tn sc
TS.V Trng Sn
92

B chuyn i bc sng:
u vo: tn hiu STM-N ti bc sng 1 u vo: tn hiu STM-N ti bc sng 2 Thay i bc sng ca tn hiu truyn dn
TS.V Trng Sn
93
Cu hnh mng SDH
TS.V Trng Sn
94
Cu hnh mng SDH

Cc mng truyn thng s dng cc cu hnh im im, li v hub. Mng SDH s dng cc cu hnh m rng hn.
TS.V Trng Sn
95
Cu hnh mng SDH

Mng SDH cho php cc cu hnh trc y c th t hp vi cc cu hnh vng (Ring) hoc chui (chain) ca cc ADM.
TS.V Trng Sn
96
Cu hnh mng SDH

im im
Dung lng ln (vi DWDM) t tuyn V d: cc tuyn cp bin kt ni gia cc chu lc.
TS.V Trng Sn
97
Cu hnh mng SDH

Ring, Bus, Tree v Star
Dung lng khc nhau Nhiu tuyn V d: cc mng truy nhp.
TS.V Trng Sn
98
Cu hnh mng SDH

Li
Dung lng ln Nhiu tuyn V d: mng truyn ti.
TS.V Trng Sn
99
Cc gii php duy tr mng

Trong thi gian mt chuyn mch bo v t ng (APS):
Mng b mt lu lng Dn n nh khai thc mt tin V vy, kim tra hot ng chnh xc ca APS l rt quan trng i vi nh khai thc Tham s chnh l thi gian chuyn mch. Khuyn ngh: ti a l 50ms khi phc mt tn hiu ng.
TS.V Trng Sn
100

Bo v 1+1
Mi knh SDH hai hng (2 si quang) s dng mt knh d phng ring (2 si quang).
D tha nht t nht
TS.V Trng Sn
101

Bo v 1:N
Mi knh SDH hai hng (2 si quang) chia s chung mt knh d phng (2 si quang).
D tha t nht Hiu qu nht
TS.V Trng Sn
102

Bo v 1+1 v 1:N
TS.V Trng Sn
103

Bo v Vng
TS.V Trng Sn
104
Vng bo v chia s MS hai hng

Trng thi bnh thng
TS.V Trng Sn
105
Vng bo v chia s MS hai hng

Trng thi li (Failed)
TS.V Trng Sn
106
Vng bo v ring MS mt hng

Trng thi bnh thng
TS.V Trng Sn
107
Vng bo v ring MS mt hng

Trng thi li (Failed)
TS.V Trng Sn
108
Bo v ng
TS.V Trng Sn
109
Ni dung chng 3
3.2
3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6

TS.V Trng Sn
3 2 2 2
110
3.6
Trin khai SDH hin ti

ng h mng (Stratum 1)
BITS
0.000001 ppm
CB
STM-1
STM-1
STM-1
STM-1
CB
DS0 Switch
E1 STM-16 E1 STM-4 E1
Tt c cc giao tim STM-N u tham kho ti PRS (Ngun tham kho s cp) Phn phi nh thi ti CB v chuyn mch DS0 trc tip thng qua cc ng STM-N
Cc m hnh ng b cho cc phn t mng

Mi mt phn t mng phi c cu hnh ng b thi gian Phn phi tn hiu tham kho nh thi nn tr nh nht Cc cu hnh tn hiu nh thi khc nhau:
nh thi t ngun ngoi nh thi ng dy nh thi vng nh thi truyn thng
TS.V Trng Sn
112
nh thi t ngun ngoi

Tt c cc tn hiu c pht i t mt nt c ng b t mt ngun bn ngoi, thu c ti nt , tc l ngun nh thi BITS
BITS= Building Integrated Timing Signal (Ngun cp tn hiu nh thi tch hp)
BITS Phn t mng
W E S T
E A S T
113
nh thi ng dy
Tt c cc tn hiu c pht i t mt nt c ng b vi mt tn hiu thu c c s dng khi SDH NE c cu hnh lm b ADM
Phn t mng
W E S T
E A S T
TS.V Trng Sn
114
nh thi vng
Tn hiu nh thi c ly t tn hiu quang vo, sau c s dng lm ng h cho cc ng quang ra. p dng cho mt SDH NE (phn t mng SDH) lm vic ch kt cui.
Phn t mng
W E S T
E A S T
115
nh thi truyn thng

Tn hiu truyn theo mt hng quanh vng c ng b ha vi tn hiu thu c trn cng hng .
Phn t mng
W E S T
E A S T
TS.V Trng Sn
116
Phn cp phn phi nh thi
TS.V Trng Sn
117
Ni dung chng 3
3.2
3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6

TS.V Trng Sn
3 2 2 2
118
3.6
Cc bt thng, khim khuyt, li v cnh bo (I)

Cc bt thng (Anomalies):
Cc li BIP B1 / B2 / B 3 Ch th li khi t xa (REI)
Cc khim khuyt (Defects):

Cc bt thng lin tc vt qu mt gii hn thi gian cc i Mt tn hiu (LOS) Mt ng b khung (LOF) Mt con tr (LOP) Tn hiu ch th cnh bo (AIS), ch th khim khuyt t xa (RDI)
TS.V Trng Sn
119
Cc bt thng, khim khuyt, li v cnh bo (II)

Cc li (Failures):
Cc khim khuyt lin tc vt qu mt gii hn thi gian cc i
Cc cnh bo (Alarms):
Cc tn hiu bo dng cnh bo cc thit b pha cui ng truyn l mt li thit b hoc khim khuyt c pht hin
Gim st hot ng v cnh bo

Cc bt thng, khim khuyt v li c bo co cho OAM chc nng
TS.V Trng Sn
120
Cc khim khuyt:
Bo hiu cc hng i v v
TS.V Trng Sn
121
Ni dung chng 3
3.2
3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6

TS.V Trng Sn
3 2 2 2
122
3.7

GKS Tinchi CH3 SDH

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GKS Tinchi CH3 SDH

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CHNG 3

K thut ghp knh s ng b SDH

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6

3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Ghp knh tng cp trong PDH

Cn nhiu on cp ni gia cc DME

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Xen r lung E1 t lung E4

34 Mbps 4 DME 8 Mbps 8 Mbps 3 DME 2 DME 2 DME 3 DME

34 Mbps 4 DME 2 Mbps

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Xen/ r trong SDH

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Nguyn l ghp xen byte

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Mi tc l chnh xc bng bi ca tc ca lung cp thp,

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6

Phn cp trong SDH

Phn cp trong SDH

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Phn cp SDH (ETSI)

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

SDH v tn hiu khng ng b

Ti vng giao tip PDH/SDH

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Cc container o trong SDH

POH (Path Overhead) c cha cc thng tin v

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Cc container o trong SDH

POH i cng vi C (to thnh VC) thng qua ng dn.

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Cc container o trong SDH

Cc VC4, VC3 c gi l cc VC bc cao;

Thi gian ca cc VC cng l 125s.

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

n v qun l AU Nhm n v qun l - AUG

Chc nng ca con tr l:

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

n v qun l AU Nhm n v qun l - AUG

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

3 AU3 c th truyn vo STM-1

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

n v lung s TU (Tributary Unit)

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Thi gian ca cc TU cng l 125s.

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Nhm n v lung s TUG

C cc TUG sau: TUG-2 TUG-3

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Nhm n v lung s TUG

TUG-3 c to ra bng mt trong cc cch sau:

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s

Cu trc khung STM-1

Bi ging K thut ghp knh s