2010/2009 :  

..2 : ,

1/1
3....&'.2

 

!#$

0,

./$

:11,2
:!  4< 1< n1 = 0,01 mol , t = 0 34  #  7,
AB4 7< . CH 3CO2 C 2 H 5 =$>? $ 1< n2 = 0,20 mol , ( Na + + HO )
( Na + ) = 5. 10 3 Sm 2 mol 1 : FG VT != D:4, .!E
. ( HO ) = 20. 10 3 Sm 2 mol 1 (CH 3COO ) = 4,1. 10 3 Sm 2 mol 1
. CH 3CO2 C 2 H 5 + HO CH 3 CO2 + C 2 H 5 OH : =$G< ! D?4 D $
: $ IJ$ K! D:4 1<7 L' .!E <?! M G'
t (s )
G (ms )

0
46,2

30
18,6

60
12,4

90
12,3

120
11,5

150
10,8

180
10,7

210
10,7

L Na + V .$' : k G = k : DQ K! R$Q2 .!E <?! #' T

.!?, G2  DW2 1Q D $  2
. x max ,M  4, D $, Z A .D $! ? B . -1
.1<7 <[ .!E\ <?! M$2 , -2
-3
.^$,M < .1,$ FG< L' G0 .!E! J?! , 1  -1-3
.1,$ FG< G0 L' G (t ) 4$_ W !?, 1  -2-3
.^$,M < .1,$ FG< L' G f .!E! J^?! , 1  -3-3
xt = n1 *

G (t ) G0
1'
G f G0

-4-3

. G (t ) L' D $! ,B4   1  -4

-5
.D $ a: 1<  -1-5
.D $ a: 1<  x ,M < -2-5
.D $ a: 1<  G ,M RZ -3-5
:21,2
:QQ, d,
-I
1
. v = 8 m.s  ' f = 100 Hz e2 7^' .2< DZ f d< $2
.^$,M RZ A d, f -1
-2
(4 : T ) . 2T ,_ W d,^ GF/2 $ , <  -1-2
. t = 2T 34!  A! $ ' D4 DQi Dj< -2-2
-3
. ( x S = 0) S [, Z [< x A = 16 cm ^: A F/ Z M -1-3
. ( x S = 0) S [, Z [< x B = 40 cm ^: B F/ Z M -2-3

. B A 1$F/ Z M -3-3
:2: d, -II
 d,! B A 1!/$< k ' 1< Q$ T =d B$ R$ 7B
 n2 K! 14< K! D:4 [0, o  1!/$, Q < .2:
.1 DQ p0 , F

-1
.0G$<  f 2:  d, D -1-1
&'d D! .  $2  2:  d,! 1Q, D -2-1
.'B$!  ,G$, 2:  d, 2 RZ -2
K! 14< K! D:4 A/$, o K! A ' B D/$, 4 -3
.1!/$, 1' d = 0,425 cm , ' <V F  oG2
. d, f L' d 1  -1-3
. RZ -2-3
.  ^2:  d,   RZ -4
:Js d, -III
K! 4 DQi K! D:4 a =0  n  !Z J0 <7Z G
. 2d  7, G/ G 7< .n 1 D ,' G2 ii
. 7  D d < 'B$ 2 . -1
. ?> $G . D d L' 1  -2
. a 1' M_G . -3
. a D d L' G2 I$$ -4

'dV

:11,2

. x max = 0,01 mol HO  4, D $, + /$ d -1

. ( HO ) f (CH 3COO ) \ M$2 HO , V -2
-3

. G0 = 46,2 mS G0 = k { ( HO ) + ( Na + )}

n1
VT
x
G (t ) = G0 + k (CH 3 COO ) ( HO ) t
VT
n
. G f = 10,7 mS G f = k (CH 3 COO ) + ( Na + ) 1
VT
G (t ) G0
. xt =
* n1 1'
G f G0

-1-3

-2-3

-3-3

. v(t ) =

-4-3

n1
dG (t )
-4
VT (G f G0 ) dt

-5
.aG$ -1-5
x max
= 5. 10 3 mol
2

-2-5

x(t1 / 2 ) + G0 = 28,45 mS

-3-5

. x(t1 / 2 ) =
. G (t1 / 2 ) =

G f G0
n1

:21,2
:QQ, d,
-I
. T _ W d,^ GF/2 $ ,  d, f -1
=

v
= 0,08 m = 8 cm
f

-2
. d = 2 -1-2
.Dj,$ -2-2
-3
x A x S = 2 : V F  n2 K! 4$2 S A -1-3
x B x S = 5 : V F  n2 K! 4$2 S B -2-3

x B x A = 3 : V F  n2 K! 4$2 B A -3-3

:2: d,

-II
-1

.f -1-1
.QQ< d< ^V .L -2-1
. f = 40000 Hz T = 25. 10 6 s -2
-3
.d =

2
. = 2d = 0,85 cm

-1-3
-2-3

. v = f = 340 m.s 1 -4
:Js d, -III
.$ -1
. =
. =

d
-2
D

-3

. =

Q ,Z .

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