DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT

MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT

MAIN SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION IN MALAYSIA

Industries Development Activities Motor Vehicles Power Generation

Land clearing
Open Burning and Forest Fires

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT

MALAYSIAN AMBIENT AIR QUALITY GUIDELINES

Pollutant Averaging Time 1 Hour 8 Hour 1 Hour 8 Hour 1 Hour 24 hour 1 hour 24 Hour 24 Hour 12 Month Malaysian Guidelines (Concentration) ppm 0.10 0.06 30.0 9.0 0.17 0.04 0.13 0.04 (g/m3) 200 120 35 10 320 10 350 105 150 50

Ozone
Carbon Monoxide** Nitrogen Dioxide Sulphur Dioxide Particulate Matter (PM10)

Total Suspended Particulate (TSP)

Lead

24 Hour 12 Month
3 Month
2

260 90
1.5
Note : **(mg/m3)

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT

AIR POLLUTANT INDEX (API)

Air Pollutant Index (API) is an indicator for the air quality status at any particular area It is calculated based on 5 major air pollutants which are: Sulphur Dioxide, SO2 Nitrogen Dioxide, NO2 Carbon Monoxide, CO Particulate Matter With Diameter < 10 micron, PM10 Ground Level Ozone, O3 The air pollutants concentration are measured by 52 automatic air quality stations throughout Malaysia
3

Automatic 52 automatic stations

Manual 14 manual stations Located at strategic places:

Industrial; Urban Sub-Urban; and Rural area

Continuous Air Quality Monitoring Station (CAQM)

Manual sampling (High Volume Sampler, HVS)

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
SO2 (24 hr) NO2 (1 hr) CO (8 hr) PM10 (24 hr) O3 (1 hr)

Pollutant

Idx (SO2)

Idx (NO2)

Idx (CO)

Idx (PM10)

Idx (O3)

Individual Index

Max Idx
Choose Maximum Index

API
CALCULATION OF AIR POLLUTANT INDEX (API) 7

Air Pollutant Index

Data Validation Process Flowchart

MONHTLY VALIDATION
Monthly Report To DOE
ESC Data Logger
M GS Or

Monthly Report + LOG

CA0001

Monthly Report
DOE

L ED FIX

INE

DOE

PSTN
D LIN FIXE ESC Data Logger M r GS EO

QAQC SYSTEM Program to Generate Monthly Report

D XE FI

UPLOADING SYSTEM Upload To Treated DataBase

TREATED
DATABASE
INTERNET ASMA WEB/GIS

CA0051

N LI E SM rG O

PRE VALIDATION

DAILY VALIDATION

CAL. DATA

RAW DATA

INTERFACE SYSTEM Calculate API and Upload To Raw Database

RAW
DATABASE
INTERNET Or Dial_Up

DOE

`
ESC Polling System

ASMA WEB/GIS

Alarm+LOG

1. Station Status Report 2. Uptime Report 3. Raw data Report 4. Calibration data Report
IN TE RN

DAILY API Report

ET

DOE

AIR DEPT & QAQC

Real Time Display

DAILY API Report to DOE

MAY 2006 EIT DEPT

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT

Air Pollutant Index : Health Effect

API 0 50 Status Good Health Effect Health Advice Low pollution without any No restriction for outdoor bad effect on health activities to the public. Maintain healthy lifestyle

51 100

Moderate Moderate pollution that No restriction for outdoor does not pose any bad effect activities to the public. on health Maintain healthy lifestyle Unhealthy Worsen the health condition of high risk people who is the people with heart and lung complications Limited outdoor activities for the high risk people. Public need to reduce the extreme outdoor activities

101 200

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT

Air Pollutant Index : Health Effect

API 201 300 Status Very Unhealthy Health Effect Worsen the health condition and low tolerance of physical exercises to people with heart and lung complications. Affect public health. Health Advice Old and high risk people are advised to stay indoor and reduce physical activities. People with health complications are advised to see doctor

> 300

Hazardous

Hazardous to high risk Old and high risk people are people and public health prohibited for outdoor activities. Public are advised to prevent from outdoor activities Hazardous to high risk Public are advised to follow people and public health orders from National Security Council and always follow the announcement in 10 mass media

> 500

Emergency