BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

CHUYN 1: HNG DN PHN TCH V TNH

TON H CHU LC CHO CNG TRNH DN DNG
BNG B TNG CT THP

A. PHN THN:
Chn s b kch thc cu kin:

I.

1. Chiu dy bn:
T s gia hai cnh ca bn: L2/L1 = 6.6/3.9 = 1.692 < 2 y l bn k 4
cnh. Chiu dy bn c chn theo cng thc kinh nghim nh sau:
(

Chn chiu dy bn: hb = 0.1m = 10cm.

2. Chn tit din dm ph:
(

Chn chiu cao dm ph: hdp = 0.3m

(

Chn chiu rng dm ph: bdp = 0.2m

3. Chn tit din dm chnh:
(

Chn chiu cao dm chnh: hdc = 0.5m

(

Chn chiu rng dm chnh: bdc = 0.2m

4. Chn tit din ct:
Din tch tit din ct c chn s b theo cng thc sau:
Fyc = ktN/Rb, trong :
kt l h s ph thuc vo mmen un, hm lng ct thp, mnh ca
ct. Chn kt = 1.3
NHM 8

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

N l lc nn, tnh gnng nh sau: N = msqFs, vi:

ms l s sn trn tit dinang xt(k c sn mi), ms = 4
q l ti trng tng ng tnh trn mi mt vung mt sn. Trong
gm c ti trng thng xuyn v ti trng tm thi ln bn
sn; trng lng ca dm, tng, ctem tnh ra phn bu trn
sn. Theo kinh nghim thit k thi vi nh c chiu dy sn
b(1014 cm), ct tng, kch thc ct dm b thq = 11.4T/m2
Fs l din tch mt sn truyn ti trng ln ctang xt.
Rb l cng chu nn tnh ton ca b tng. Chn b tng mc
250(B20) c Rb = 1150T/m2

Hnh 1. Mt bng tng mt cng trnh.

Ct trc A:
Fs = 3.9x0.5x2.1 = 4.095m2
N = 4(11.4)4.095 = (16.3822.932)T
Fyc = 1.3(16.38 22.932)/1150 = (0.019 0.026)m2 = (190 260)cm2
Chn kch thc tit din ct trc A nh sau: t tng 1 n tng 4
bxh = 20x30cm( F = 600cm2)
Ct trc B:
Fs = 3.9x0.5(6.6 + 2.1) = 16.965m2
N = 4(1 1.4)16.965 = (67.86 95.004)T
NHM 8

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

Fyc = 1.3(67.86 95.004)/1150 = (0.077 0.107)m2 = (770 1070)cm2

Chn kch thc tit din ct trc A nh sau: t tng 1 n tng 2bxh
= 20x50cm(F = 1000cm2), t tng 3 n tng 4 bxh = 20x40cm(F =
800cm2)
Ct trc C:
Fs = 3.9x0.5x6.6 = 12.87m2
N = 4(1 1.4)12.87 = (51.48 72.072)T
Fyc = 1.3(51.48 72.072)/1150 = (0.058 0.081)m2 = (580 810)cm2
Chn kch thc tit din ct trc C nh sau: t tng 1 n tng 2
bxh = 20x40cm(F = 800cm2), t tng 3 n tng 4 bxh = 20x30cm(F =
600cm2)
II.

La chn vt liu:
i vi b tng: chn b tng mc 250(B20) c:

Rb = 1150 T/m2, Eb = 2.7x106 T/m2

i vi ct thp:
Ct dc dng nhm CII c: Rs = Rsc = 28000 T/m2, Es = 2.1x107 T/m2
Ctai dng nhm CI c: Rs = Rsc = 22500 T/m2, Es = 2.1x107 T/m2
III.

Xc nh ti trng:

1. Tnh ti sntng2,3,4:
Cc lp cu to
Sn lt gch hoa 200x200
Va lt XM mc 50 dy
Sn BTCT
Va trt trn XM mc 75

Chiu dy(m)
0.02
0.015
0.1
0.015

(kg/m3)
1800
1600
0(my tnh)
1800

HSVT
1.1
1.2
1.1
1.2
qtt =

qtt (kg/m2)
39.6
28.8
0
32.4
100.8

Chiu dy(m)
4.2x10-4
1.8x10-3
0.1
0.015

(kg/m3)
7850
7850
0(my tnh)
1800

HSVT
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
qtt =

qtt (kg/m2)
3.627
15.543
0
32.4
51.57

2. Tnh ti sn mi:
Cc lp cu to
Mi lp tn sng vung
X g thp C
Sn BTCT
Va trt trn XM mc 75

NHM 8

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

3. Tnh ti tng:
Loi tng
Trc 1,7,8
Trc 3,5
Trc A
Trc B
Trc C
Tng thu hi
Tng thu hi
Tng cao 1.2m

Dy(m)
0.2
0.135
0.2
0.135
0.2
0.135
0.135
0.2

(kg/m3)
1800
1600
1800
1600
1800
1600
1600
1800

C.cao(m)
3.4
3.4
1
3.6
3.6
0.8
0.35
1.2

HSVT
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1

(kg/m3)
1800
1600
2200
1500

HSVT
1.1
1.2
1.1
1.1
qtt =

qtt (kg/m)
1346.4
807.84
396
855.36
1425.6
190.08
83.16
475.2

4. Bc ging:
Cc lp cu to
Gch hoa 200x200
Va XM mc 50
BT 4x6 mc 50
Ct m k

Chiu dy(m)
0.02
0.03
0.09
0.08

qtt (kg/m2)
39.6
57.6
217.8
144
459

Din tch bc ging:

Sbg = (0.75x3.4) + 0.5(1.35 + 0.75)0.6 + 1.35x1.7 = 5.475m2
Din tch sn phng hc:
Sph = (3.9x2 0.1675)(6.6 0.1675) = 49.096m2
Ti trng bc ging: Pbg = 459x5.475 = 2513.025kg
Ti trng ca bc ging c quy v ti trng phn b u trn sn:
qbg = 2513.052//49.096 = 51.186kg/m2
5. Hot ti sn:
Loi hot ti
Phng hc
Snh hnh lang
Mi tole

HSVT
1.2
1.2
1.3

qtc(kg/m2)
200
300
30

qtt(kg/m2)
240
360
39

6. Tnh ti cu thang:
Bn thang BTCT: 4.096x1x0.1x2500x1.1 = 1126.4kg
Bc xy gch c: (0.06 + 0.21)x0.3x0.5x1x1600x12x1.1 = 855.36kg
Mt bc lng granito: (0.17 + 0.28)x0.02x1x56x12x1.1 = 6.653kg
NHM 8

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

Thnh: 0.1x0.9x4.096x1600x1.1 = 648.806kg

Pct = 1126.4 + 855.36 + 6.653 + 648.806 = 2637.219kg
7. Hot ti cu thang:
Pct = 350x12x1x0.3x1.2 = 1512kg
8. Hot ti gi:
Cng thc tnh hot ti gi:Wtt = 3.9nW0kc, vi
3.9 l chiu cao mi tng ca cng trnh
n l h s vt ti, ly n = 1.2
W0 lp lc gi tiu chun, ph thuc vocim kh hu ca tng
vng. Gi s cng trnhc xy dng vng IIIB p lc gi tiu
chun W0 = 0.125T/m2
k l h s thay ip lc gi theo cao, c xcnh theo bng sau
z(m)
k

4.1
0.868

8
0.966

11.9
1.04

15.8
1.094

c l h s khng, ly bng 0.8 i vi giy v 0.6 i vi gi ht.

T, ta c bng tnh hot ti gi nh sau:
z(m)
4.1
8
11.9
15.8

NHM 8

Gi y(T/m)
0.406
0.452
0.487
0.414

Gi ht(T/m)
0.305
0.34
0.365
0.31

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

A. THUY T MINH T NH TO N PHN M N C3:

liu:

I.

liu v ti trng:

1.

Ti trng tnh ton

Ti trng ti u chun

N(T)

M(Tm)

Q(T)

N(T)

M(Tm)

Q(T)

64.812

9.633

3.533

54.01

8.028

2.944

liu v kch thc ct:Ct c kch thc b h = 20 40 cm

2.

3. Bng tng hp ch ti u c l ca t nn:

m

Dung
p t

T trng

trng

(g/cm3)

nhin

1.68

26.2

c ma

Wnh

Wd

32.2

22.55

c dnh

st

kt

trong

c(kg/cm2)

16.633

0.18

s t
d o cng

2.7

(h=3.7m)

t qu th nghim n n ln:

4.

H s rng ei ca cp p lc Pi (kg/cm2)
p t

P1 = 1

P2 = 2

P3 = 3

P4 = 4

eo

e1

e2

e3

e4

1.029

0.962

0.921

0.902

0.889

s td o
cng
(h=3.7m)

a chn phng n thit k mng:

II.

III.

Thit k v tnh ton mng C3:

1. Chn vt liu lm mng:
-

NHM 8

B t ng mc 250 B20 c: Rb = 11.5 MPa = 1150 T/m2

6

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

Rbt = 0.9 MPa = 90 T/m2

I d ng lm ct ai c: RSW = 175 MPa = 17500 T/m2

Ct th p CI

Ct th p CII

II d ng lm ct dc chu lc c: R S = RSC = 280 MPa =

28000 T/m2
2. Chn chiu su ch n mng:
T cc yu t sau: iu kin a cht c ng trnh v iu kin a cht thy v n;
tr s v c tnh ca ti trng tc dng; c im cu to ca c ng trnh; iu
kin v kh n ng thi c ng mng; tnh hnh v c im ca cc c ng trnh ln
cn Ta chn chiu su ch n mng hm = 1.7m
3. Xc nh s b kch thc y mng theo iu kin p lc ti u chun:
iu kin c nh: {
Xc nh p lc ti u chun ca t nn theo TCXD 45-78:
RTC =

b + Bhm +DcTC)

Trong :
-

m1 l h s iu kin lm vic ca t nn ph thuc vo st B, tra bng

ta c m1 = 1.2

m2 l h s iu kin lm vic ca c ng trnh, tra bng ta c m2 = 1.1

ktc l h s tin cy , ly bng 1

T gc ni ma st = 16.633 , tra bng ta c:

A = 0.382

B = 2.522

D = 5.098

, l dung trng ca t ngay ti y mng v dung trng trung bnh ca

t t y mng tr l n: = = 1.68 g/cm3 = 1.68 T/m3

cTC l lc dnh kt n v ca t ngay ti y mng c TC = 0.18 kg/cm2 = 1.8

T/m2

hm l chiu su ch n mng: chn hm = 1.7 m

b l b rng y mng: chn b = 2m

RTC =

NHM 8

( 0.382x2x1.68 + 2.522x1.7x1.68 + 5.098x1.8 ) = 23.315 T/m2

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

Din tch y mng y u cu:

= axb =

yc

, vi tb = 2.2 l dung trng trung bnh ca vt liu lm mng v t

tr n mng.
a=

yc/b

= 2.759/2 = 1.38 m, chn a = 2.2 m

= 2.2 2 = 4.4 m2> 2.736 m2 = Fyc

= 2.2/2 = 1.1
im tra iu kin p lc ti u chun ca t nn:

4.

iu kin kim tra: {

ex l lch tm ca mng theo phng

phng cnh di

ey l lch tm ca mng theo phng y phng cnh di , ey = 0

ex =

0.241 m
= 16.015( 1 + (6x0.241)/2.2 + 0 ) = 26.541 T/m2

Vy: {
ch thc y mng chn th a m n iu kin p lc ti u chun. Ta chn
kch thc y mng

= a b = 2.2 2 m2 v chiu su ch n mng 1.7 m l hp

l .
im tra ln ca mng theo TT H II:

5.

iu kin kim tra

Vi

[Sgh] = 8 cm

l ln ca t nn di tc dng ca ti trng c ng trnh. ln

c c nh theo phng php cng ln tng lp :

-

ng sut do trng lng bn thn ca t nn gy ra:

Ti y mng = 0: z=0 = 1.68x1.7 = 2.856 T/m2 = 0.286 kg/cm2

NHM 8

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

su = 2.5 m:z=2.5 = 2.856 + 1.68x2.5 = 7.056 T/m2 = 0.706 kg/cm2

ng sut gy ln: gl = 16.015 1.68x1.7 = 13.159 T/m2= 1.316 kg/cm2

Chiu dy lp phn t hi = 0.2 0.4 b = 40 80 cm, chn hi = 50 cm

ng sut do ti trng ngoi gy ra: zi = koixgl, koi l h s ph thuc vo t

s 2 i/b v = a/b = 1.1

Xc nh chiu su v ng chu n n: ti im s 8 thuc lp t th 3, ta thy

iu kin sau th a m n: z = 0.155 kg/cm2< 0.2bt = 0.192 kg/cm2 Chiu

su v ng chu n n Ha = 4m

ct

su
zi
(cm)

2zi/b

s t
d o
cng

im

p t

Bng tng hp kt qu tnh ln:

0.0

1.1

50

0.5

1.1

100

1.0

1.1

150

1.5

1.1

200

2.0

1.1

250

2.5

1.1

300

3.0

1.1

350

3.5

1.1

400

4.0

1.1

k0i

1.00
0
0.93
3
0.72
1
0.51
0
0.35
8
0.25
9
0.19
3
0.14
9
0.11
8

zi
kg/cm2

bt
kg/cm2

P1i
kg/cm2

P2i
kg/cm2

e1i

e2i

1.316

0.286

0.328

1.600

1.00
5

1.228

0.37

0.412

1.500

0.949

0.454

0.496

1.306

0.671

0.538

0.58

1.151

0.471

0.622

0.664

1.070

0.93
4
0.93
8
0.94
6
0.95
4
0.95
8

0.341

0.706

0.748

1.045

0.254

0.79

0.832

1.057

0.196

0.874

0.916

1.092

0.155

0.958

0.99
4
0.98
8
0.98
2
0.97
7
0.97
2
0.96
7

0.96
0.95
9
0.95
7

Si
cm

1.771
1.550
1.204
0.855
0.605
0.430
0.330
0.254

S = 6.999

Trong :
P1i = 0.5(

P2i = 0.5(zi-1 + zi) + P1i

P1i, P2i c tra tr n biu ng cong n n ln e-p

Si =

NHM 8

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

Hnh Biu ng cong n n ln e-p

Hnh Biu ng sut ln di y mng

6. Tnh ton chiu cao ca mng:
D ng ti trng tnh ton.
Xc nh chiu cao ca mng theo iu kin chng chc thng tr n mt ph ng
nghing 45 so vi phng th ng ng i t m p ct.
NHM 8

10

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

iu ki n kim tra: Pcth< 0.75xRkxUtbxh0 (*), trong :

Pcth l lc chc thng tnh ton, Pcth = N0 - rxFcth

+ Fcth l din tch y thp chc thng

Fcth = acthxbcth = (ac+2h0tg)(bc+2h0tg) = (ac+2h0)(bc+2h0), tg45 = 1
+ r l phn lc ca t nn ti y:
Xc nh lch tm ca ti trng:
ex = (9.633 + 3.533x1.7)/64.812 = 0.241 m

; ey = 0

Xc nh ng sut tnh ton ti y mng:

max,min = (64.812/(2.2x2))(1
r1 =

6x0.241/2.2) = {

+ ((a 0.25(a ac))(

/a) = ((2.2 0.25(2.2

0.4))(24.412 5.048)/2.2) + 5.048 = 20.451 T/m2

r2 =

0.5 = (24.412 + 5.048)0.5 = 14.73 T/m2

thi n v an ton ta d ng phn lc nh hn tnh r = r2

-

Rk l cng chu k o tnh ton ca b t ng: Rk = 90 T/m2

Utb l chu vi trung bnh ca y thp chc thng: Utb = 0.5(Ut + Ud)
Ut = 2(ac + bc); Ud = 2(acth + bcth) = 2(ac + bc + 4h0)
Utb = 2(ac + bc + 2h0)

Thay tt c cc gia tr tr n vo

ta c bt phng trnh sau:

328.92(h0)2 + 98.676h0 63.634

ii bt phng trnh tr n ta c nghim h0:{

t hp vi y u cu cu to, ta chn h0 = 0.55 m, thay h0 vo iu kin bn ta
c: 64.812 14.73(0.4 + 2x0.55)(0.2 + 2x0.55) 0.75x90x2(0.4 + 0.2 +
2x0.55)0.55
Ta c: 36. 089 T < 126.225 T, th a iu kin bn.
Vy chiu cao ca mng: hm = h0 + 0.05 = 0.55 + 0.05 = 0.6 m
7. Tnh ton v b tr ct th p cho mng:
Vic tnh ton ct th p cho mng phi da vo 2 gi thuyt c bn sau:
-

NHM 8

Ton b ng sut k o l do ct th p chu.

11

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

Cnh tay n ca ni ng u lc ly bng 0.9h0, h0 l chiu cao lm vic ca

mng h0 = 0.55 m
Din tch tit din ct th p ti mt tit din no c c nh nh sau:
Fa = Mtd/0.9h0xmaxRa, vi:
ma l h s iu kin lm vic ca ct th p, ma = 0.85 0.95 , chn ma =

0.9
Ra l cng chu k o tnh ton ca ct th p, Ra = 28000 T/m2

Xc nh m men ti cc tit din tnh ton:

MI-I = 0.125r1b(a-ac)2 = 0.125x20.451x2(2.2 0.4)2 = 16.565 Tm
MII-II = 0.125r2a(b-bc)2 = 0.125x14.73x2.2(2 0.2)2 = 13.124 Tm
Tnh ton hm lng ct th p cn thit:
Tnh cho mt c t I-I:
Fa = 16.565/(0.9x0.55x0.9x28000) = 1.328x10-3 m2 = 13.28 cm2
Chn th p 12( F12 = 1.131 cm2 thanh th p n = 13.28/1.131 = 11.74
thanh, chn n = 12 thanh 12
Bc ct th p a = 200 2 5 /11 = 17.273 cm Chn a = 17 cm = 170 mm
Tnh cho mt c t II-II:
Fa = 13.124/(0.9x0.55x0.9x28000) = 1.052x10-3 m2 = 10.521 cm2
Chn th p 12( F12 = 1.131 cm2 thanh th p n = 10.521/1.131 = 9.302
thanh, chn n = 10 thanh 12
Bc ct th p a = 220 2 5 /9 = 23.333 cm Chn a = 23 cm = 230 mm
B. Mng 3, B3:
I.
1.

liu:
liu v kch thc ct:
ch thc tit din ct 3 l: 20 30 cm
ch thc tit din ct B3 l: 20 50 cm

2.

liu v ti trng:

NHM 8

12

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

N(T)

M(Tm)

Q(T)

12.904

3.532

1.199

10.753

2.943

0.999

73.974

14.309

4.488

61.645

11.924

3.74

Chn chiu su ch n mng 1.7 m, ta c s tnh ton ti trng ngay ti y

mng nh sau:

Xc nh trng tm y mng:
M/0 = 0 5.57 + 21.939 12.904a + 73.974b = 0
t hp vi iu kin a + b = 2.1, ta c nghim a = 2.1 m, b = 0
c ny s tnh ca mng nh sau:

II.

Thit k v tnh ton:

1. Chn vt liu lm mng:

-

B t ng mc 250 B20 c: Rb = 11.5 MPa = 1150 T/m2

Rbt = 0.9 MPa = 90 T/m2

Ct th p CI

Ct th p CII

I d ng lm ct ai c: RSW = 175 MPa = 17500 T/m2

II d ng lm ct dc chu lc c: R S = RSC = 280 MPa =

28000 T/m2
2. Chn chiu su ch n mng:
T cc yu t sau: iu kin a cht c ng trnh v iu kin a cht thy v n;
tr s v c tnh ca ti trng tc dng; c im cu to ca c ng trnh; iu

NHM 8

13

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

kin v kh n ng thi c ng mng; tnh hnh v c im ca cc c ng trnh ln

cn Ta chn chiu su ch n mng hm = 1.7m
3. Xc nh s b kch thc y mng theo iu kin p lc ti u chun:
iu kin c nh: {
Xc nh p lc ti u chun ca t nn theo TCXD 45-78:
RTC =

b + Bhm +DcTC)

Trong :
m1 l h s iu kin lm vic ca t nn ph thuc vo st B, tra bng

ta c m1 = 1.2
-

m2 l h s iu kin lm vic ca c ng trnh, tra bng ta c m2 = 1.1

ktc l h s tin cy , ly bng 1

T gc ni ma st = 16.633 , tra bng ta c:

A = 0.382

B = 2.522

D = 5.098

, l dung trng ca t ngay ti y mng v dung trng trung bnh ca

t t y mng tr l n: = = 1.68 g/cm3 = 1.68 T/m3

cTC l lc dnh kt n v ca t ngay ti y mng c TC = 0.18 kg/cm2 = 1.8

T/m2
-

hm l chiu su ch n mng: chn hm = 1.7 m

b l b rng y mng: chn b = 2.2 m

RTC=

( 0.382x2.2x1.68 + 2.522x1.7x1.68 + 5.098x1.8 ) = 23.484 T/m2

Din tch y mng y u cu:

yc

= axb =

, vi tb = 2.2 l dung trng trung bnh ca vt liu lm mng v t

tr n mng.
a=

yc/b

= 3.667/2.2 = 1.667 m, chn a = 3 m

= 2.2 3 = 6.6 m2>3.667 m2 = Fyc

= 3/2.2 = 1.369
4.

im tra iu kin p lc ti u chun ca t nn:

NHM 8

14

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

iu kin kim tra: {

(
ex l lch tm ca mng theo phng

phng cnh di , ex = 0

ey l lch tm ca mng theo phng y phng cnh di , ey = 0

= 14.706( 1 + 0 + 0 ) = 14.706T/m2
Vy: {
ch thc y mng chn th a m n iu kin p lc ti u chun. Ta chn
kch thc y mng

= a b = 3x2.2 m2 v chiu su ch n mng 1.7 m l hp

l .
im tra ln theo TT H II:

5.

iu kin kim tra

Vi

[Sgh] = 8 cm

l ln ca t nn di tc dng ca ti trng c ng trnh. ln

c c nh theo phng php cng ln tng lp :

-

ng sut do trng lng bn thn ca t nn gy ra:

Ti y mng = 0: z=0 = 1.68x1.7 = 2.856 T/m2 = 0.286 kg/cm2
su = 2.5 m: z=2.5 = 2.856 + 1.68x2.5 = 7.056 T/m2 = 0.706 kg/cm2

ng sut gy ln: gl = 14.706 1.68x1.7 = 11.85 T/m2 = 1.185 kg/cm2

Chiu dy lp phn t hi = (0.2 0.4)b = (44 88 cm, chn hi = 50 cm

ng sut do ti trng ngoi gy ra: zi = koixgl, koi l h s ph thuc vo t

s 2 i/b v = a/b = 1.369

Xc nh chiu su v ng chu n n: ti im s 9thuc lp t th 3, ta thy

iu kin sau th a m n: z = 0.162 kg/cm2< 0.2bt = 0.208 kg/cm2 Chiu
su v ng chu n n Ha = 4.5 m
Bng tng hp kt qu tnh ln:

NHM 8

15

2zi/b

zi(kg/cm2)

bt(kg/cm2)

P1i(kg/cm2)

P2i(kg/cm2)

ct

su i cm

s t
d o
cng

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

im

p t

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

0.000

1.364

1.000

1.185

0.286

0.328

1.487

50

0.455

1.364

0.956

1.133

0.370

0.412

1.452

100

0.909

1.364

0.799

0.947

0.454

0.496

1.331

150

1.364

1.364

0.611

0.724

0.538

0.58

1.213

200

1.818

1.364

0.457

0.542

0.622

0.664

1.139

250

2.273

1.364

0.345

0.409

0.706

0.748

1.110

300

2.727

1.364

0.266

0.315

0.790

0.832

1.113

350

3.182

1.364

0.208

0.246

0.874

0.916

1.138

400

3.636

1.364

0.167

0.198

0.958

1.180

450

4.091

1.364

0.137

0.162

1.042

k0i

e1i

1.00
5
1
0.99
4
0.98
8
0.98
2
0.97
7
0.97
2
0.96
7
0.96
2

e2i

0.93
8
0.94
0.94
5
0.95
1
0.95
5
0.95
6
0.95
6
0.95
5
0.95
3
S =

Si(cm
)

1.671
1.500
1.229
0.931
0.681
0.531
0.406
0.305
0.229
7.482

Trong :
P1i = 0.5(

P2i = 0.5(zi-1 + zi) + P1i

P1i, P2i c tra tr n biu ng cong n n ln e-p

Si =

NHM 8

16

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

Hnh Biu ng sut ln di y mng.

6. Tnh ton chiu cao ca mng:
D ng ti trng tnh ton.
Xc nh chiu cao ca mng theo iu kin chng chc thng tr n mt ph ng
nghi ng 45 so vi phng th ng ng i t m p ct.
iu ki n kim tra: Pcth< 0.75xRkxUtbxh0
-

, trong :

Pcth l lc chc thng tnh ton, Pcth = N0 - rxFcth

+ Fcth l din tch y thp chc thng
Fcth = acthxbcth = (ac+2h0tg)(bc+2h0tg) = (ac+2h0)(bc+2h0), tg45 = 1
+ r l phn lc ca t nn ti y:
Xc nh lch tm ca ti trng: ex = 0; ey = 0
Xc nh ng sut tnh ton ti y mng:
max,min = (86.878/(2.2x3))(1

NHM 8

0) = {

17

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

max,min = r = 13.163 T/m2

-

Rk l cng chu k o tnh ton ca b t ng: Rk = 90 T/m2

Utb l chu vi trung bnh ca y thp chc thng: Utb = 0.5(Ut + Ud)
Ut = 2(ac + bc);

Ud = 2(acth + bcth) = 2(ac + bc + 4h0)

Utb = 2(ac + bc + 2h0)

Thay tt c cc gia tr tr n vo

ta c bt phng trnh sau:

322.652(h0)2 + 112.928h0 85.562 0

ii bt phng trnh tr n ta c nghim h0:{
t hp vi y u cu cu to, ta chn h0 = 0.55 m, thay h0 vo iu kin bn ta
c: 86.878 13.163(0.5 + 2x0.55)(0.2 + 2x0.55) 0.75x90x2(0.5 + 0.2 +
2x0.55)0.55
Ta c: 59.499 T < 133.65T, th a iu kin bn.
Vy chiu cao ca mng: hm = h0 + 0.05 = 0.55 + 0.05 = 0.6 m
7. Tnh ton chiu sao v b tr ct th p cho mng:
Tnh theo phng I-I:
MI-I = 13.163x2.2x0.952x0.5 = 13.068 Tm
FI-I = 13.068/(0.9x0.55x0.9x28000) = 1.05x10-3 m2 = 10.5 cm2
Chn th p 12 c

12

= 1.131 cm2

thanh th p n = 10.5/1.131 = 9.28 thanh Chn n = 10 thanh

Bc ct th p a = 220-10 /9 = 23.333 cm Chn a = 20 cm = 200 mm
Tnh theo phng II-II:
MII-II = 0.125x13.163x3(2.2-0.2)2 = 19.745 Tm
FII-II= 19.745/(0.9x0.55x0.9x28000) = 1.583x10-3 m2 = 15.83 cm2
Chn th p 12 c

12

= 1.131 cm2

thanh th p n = 15.83/1.131 = 13.9 thanh Chn n = 14 thanh

Bc ct th p a = 300-10)/13 = 22.307 cm Chn a = 20 cm = 200 mm
Tnh ton ai mng:
tnh ca ai mng l dm n gin chu ti phn b u l phn lc ca
t nn q = b tb = 2.2 13.163 = 28.959 T/m, gi l hai ct. Xem s tnh
v biu m men ca dm hnh di y:
NHM 8

18

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

Xc nh phn lc ti , B:
M/B = 0 RA = 33.096 T
M/A = 0 RB = 53.381 T
Xc nh m men gi , B:
MA = 28.959*0.22*0,5 = 0.579 Tm
MB = 28.959*0.72*0,5 = 7.095 Tm
Tnh m men nhp:
Mnhp = 28.959*1.252*0.5 33.0968*1.05 = -12.127 Tm
Tnh ct th p cho nhp:
Fnhp = 12.127/(0.9*0.55*0.9*28000) = 9.722x10-4 m2 = 9.722 cm2
Chn th p cho nhp l 3 22 c

= 11.4 cm2

Tnh hm lng ct th p: = 11.4*10-4x100%/(0,55*0.2) = 1.036 %

Fmax = R.RB.b.h0 = 0.623*11.5*200*550/280 = 2814.625 mm2 = 28.146 cm2
max = 28,146*10-4x100%/(0,55*0.2) = 2.559 %
Ta thy min = 0.05 % < = 1.036 % < max = 2.559 %, th a iu kin m bo
hm lng ct th p
Tnh th p cho gi:
Fgi = 7.095/(0.9*0.55*0.9*28000) = 5.688x10-4 m2 = 5.688 cm2
Chn 3 18 c

NHM 8

= 7.64 cm2

19

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

Tnh hm lng ct th p: = 7.64*10-4x100%/(0,55*0.2) = 0.7 %

Ta thy: min = 0.05 % < = 0.7 % < max = 2.559 %, th a iu kin m bo
hm lng ct th p trong b t ng.
C. Tnh mng C1:
liu thit k:

I.

liu v ti trng:

1.

Ti trng tnh ton

N(T)

M(Tm)

Q(T)

N(T)

M(Tm)

Q(T)

46.148

10.15

3.655

38.457

8.458

3.046

liu v kch thc ct: Ct c c kch thc 20 40 cm

2.
II.

Ti trng ti u chun

Thit k v tnh ton mng C1:

1. Chn vt liu lm mng:

-

B t ng mc 250 B20 c: Rb = 11.5 MPa = 1150 T/m2

Rbt = 0.9 MPa = 90 T/m2

Ct th p CI

Ct th p CII

I d ng lm ct ai c: RSW = 175 MPa = 17500 T/m2

II d ng lm ct dc chu lc c: R S = RSC = 280 MPa =

28000 T/m2
2. Chn chiu su ch n mng:
T cc yu t sau: iu kin a cht c ng trnh v iu kin a cht thy v n;
tr s v c tnh ca ti trng tc dng; c im cu to ca c ng trnh; iu
kin v kh n ng thi c ng mng; tnh hnh v c im ca cc c ng trnh ln
cn Ta chn chiu su ch n mng hm = 1.7m
3. Xc nh kch thc y mng theo iu kin p lc ti u chun:
iu kin c nh: {
Xc nh p lc ti u chun ca t nn theo TCXD 45-78:
RTC =

b + Bhm +DcTC)

Trong :
NHM 8

20

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

m1 l h s iu kin lm vic ca t nn ph thuc vo st B, tra bng

ta c m1 = 1.2
-

m2 l h s iu kin lm vic ca c ng trnh, tra bng ta c m2 = 1.1

ktc l h s tin cy , ly bng 1

T gc ni ma st = 16.633 , tra bng ta c:

A = 0.382

B = 2.522

D = 5.098

, l dung trng ca t ngay ti y mng v dung trng trung bnh ca

t t y mng tr l n: = = 1.68 g/cm3 = 1.68 T/m3

cTC l lc dnh kt n v ca t ngay ti y mng cTC = 0.18 kg/cm2 = 1.8

T/m2
-

hm l chiu su ch n mng: chn hm = 1.7 m

b l b rng y mng: chn b = 1.8 m

RTC=

( 0.382x1.8x1.68 + 2.522x1.7x1.68 + 5.098x1.8 ) = 23.145 T/m2

Din tch y mng y u cu:

yc

= axb =

, vi tb = 2.2 l dung trng trung bnh ca vt liu lm mng v t

tr n mng.
a=

yc/b

= 1.982/1.8 = 1.101 m, chn a = 2.5 m

= 2.5x1.8 = 4.5 m2>1.982 m2 = Fyc

= 2.5/1.8 = 1.389
4.

im tra p lc ti u chun ca t nn:

iu kin kim tra: {

(
ex l lch tm ca mng theo phng

phng cnh di

ey l lch tm ca mng theo phng y phng cnh di , ey = 0

NHM 8

21

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

ex =

0.355 m
= 12.286( 1 + (6x0.355)/2.5 + 0 ) = 22.754T/m2

Vy: {
ch thc y mng chn th a m n iu kin p lc ti u chun. Ta chn
kch thc y mng

= a b = 2.5x1.8 m2 v chiu su ch n mng 1.7 m l

hp l .
im tra ln ca mng theo TT H II:

5.

iu kin kim tra

Vi

[Sgh] = 8 cm

l ln ca t nn di tc dng ca ti trng c ng trnh. ln

c c nh theo phng php cng ln tng lp :

ng sut do trng lng bn thn ca t nn gy ra:

Ti y mng = 0: z=0 = 1.68x1.7 = 2.856 T/m2 = 0.286 kg/cm2

su = 2.5 m: z=2.5 = 2.856 + 1.68x2.5 = 7.056 T/m2 = 0.706 kg/cm2
-

ng sut gy ln: gl = 12.286 1.68x1.7 = 9.43 T/m2 = 0.943 kg/cm2

Chiu dy lp phn t hi = (0.2 0.4)b = (36 72 cm, chn hi = 50 cm

ng sut do ti trng ngoi gy ra: zi = koixgl, koi l h s ph thuc vo t

s 2 i/b v = a/b = 1.389

Xc nh chiu su v ng chu n n: ti im s 7 thuc lp t th 3, ta thy

iu kin sau th a m n: z = 0.142 kg/cm2< 0.2bt = 0.175 kg/cm2 Chiu

su v ng chu n n Ha = 3.5 m

0.000

50

0.556

NHM 8

1.38
9
1.38
9

1.000

0.943

0.286

0.931

0.878

0.370

0.412

P2i(kg/cm2)

2zi/b

P1i(kg/cm2)

su i cm

k0i

bt(kg/cm2)

im

s t
d o
cn

zi(kg/cm2)

p t

Bng tng hp kt qu tnh ln:

e1i

e2i

Si(cm
)

0.328

1.238

1.00
5

0.95

1.372

1.189

0.95
2

1.200
22

BI TP LN CHUYN 1
g

ct

100

1.111

150

1.667

200

2.222

250

2.778

300

3.333

350

3.889

1.38
9
1.38
9
1.38
9
1.38
9
1.38
9
1.38
9

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

0.717

0.676

0.454

0.496

1.074

0.509

0.480

0.538

0.58

0.989

0.359

0.339

0.622

0.664

0.956

0.261

0.246

0.706

0.748

0.963

0.196

0.185

0.790

0.832

0.996

0.151

0.142

0.874

0.99
4
0.98
8
0.98
2
0.97
7
0.97
2

0.95
6
0.96
3
0.96
5
0.96
4
0.96
3

0.953
0.629
0.429
0.329
0.228

S = 5.139

Trong :
P1i = 0.5(

P2i = 0.5(zi-1 + zi) + P1i

P1i, P2i c tra tr n biu ng cong n n ln e-p

Si =

Hnh Biu ng sut ln di y mng.

6. Tnh ton chiu cao ca mng:
lch tm: ex = (10.15 + 3.655*1.7)/46.148 = 0.355 m;

ey = 0

Xc nh ng sut tnh ton ti y mng:

NHM 8

23

BI TP LN CHUYN 1
max,min = (46.148/(2.5x1.8))(1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

6x0.355/2.5) = {
/a) + min

r1 = ((a 0.25(a ac))(

= ((2.2 0.25(2.5 0.4))(18.992 1.518)/2.5) + 1.518 = 15.322 T/m2

0.5 = (18.992 + 1.518)0.5 = 10.255 T/m2

r2 =

thi n v an ton ta d ng phn lc nh hn tnh r = r2

-

Rk l cng chu k o tnh ton ca b t ng: Rk = 90 T/m2

Utb l chu vi trung bnh ca y thp chc thng: Utb = 0.5(Ut + Ud)
Ut = 2(ac + bc);

Ud = 2(acth + bcth) = 2(ac + bc + 4h0)

Utb = 2(ac + bc + 2h0)

Chn h0 = 0.55 m, ta i kim tra iu kin chng chc thng
Pcth = 46.148 10.255(0.4 +2*0.55)(0.2 + 2*0.55) = 34.611 T
0.75RkUtbh0= 0.75*90*[2(0.4 + 0.2) + 3*0.55]0.55 = 105.806 T
Ta thy: Pcth = 34.611 T< 0.75RkUtbh0 = 105.806 T, n n chiu cao h0 =
0.55m chn ban u th a m n iu kin chng chc thng.
Chn chiu dy lp b t ng bo v 5 cm, chiu cao ca mng l:
Hm = 0.55 + 0.05 = 0.6 m
7. Tnh ton ct th p cho mng:
Vic tnh ton ct th p cho mng phi da vo 2 gi thuyt c bn sau:
-

Ton b ng sut k o l do ct th p chu.

Cnh tay n ca ni ng u lc ly bng 0.9h0, h0 l chiu cao lm vic ca

mng h0 = 0.55 m
Din tch tit din ct th p ti mt tit din no c c nh nh sau:
Fa = Mtd/0.9h0xmaxRa, vi:

ma l h s iu kin lm vic ca ct th p, ma = 0.85 0.95 , chn ma =

0.9

Ra l cng chu k o tnh ton ca ct th p, Ra = 28000 T/m2

Xc nh m men ti cc tit din tnh ton:

MI-I = 0.125r1b(a-ac)2 = 0.125x15.322x1.8(2.5 0.4)2 = 15.203 Tm
NHM 8

24

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

MII-II = 0.5r2a(b-bc)2 = 0.5x10.255 x2.5(1.8 0.2)2 = 32.816 Tm

Tnh ton hm lng ct th p cn thit:
Tnh cho mt c t I-I:
Fa = 15.203/(0.9x0.55x0.9x28000) = 1.219x10-3 m2 = 12.19 cm2
Chn th p 12( F12 = 1.131 cm2 thanh th p n = 12.19/1.131 = 10.778
thanh, chn n = 11 thanh 12
Bc ct th p a = 180 2x5)/10 = 17 cm = 170 mm
Tnh cho mt c t II-II:
Fa = 32.816/(0.9x0.55x0.9x28000) = 2.631x10-3 m2 = 26.31 cm2
Chn th p 12( F12 = 1.131 cm2 thanh th p n = 26.31/1.131 = 23.26
thanh, chn n = 24 thanh 12
Bc ct th p a = 250 2x5)/23 = 10.434 cm Chn a = 10 cm = 100 mm

NHM 8

25

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

NHM 8

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

26

BI TP LN CHUYN 1

NHM 8

GVHD: Th.S PHM VN TRC

27