Ragas in Hindu Music

RAGAS
IN
INDIAN MUSIC
A COMPLETE
REFERENCE SOURCE FOR
Carnatic Ragas, Hindustani Ragas,
Western Scales, Kathakali Ragas, and
Tamil Panns
With
Carnatic Notation, Staff Notation, ABC Notation,
Synonyms, Raga Types, Swara Names, Varjya Swaras,
Intervals, Sruthi Bedhams and Piano Rolls.
VK KRISHNA PRASAD
CBH PUBLICATIONS
,,,
Contents

Page
Introduction
Ragas in Indian Music
I
1-700
Indexes based on different Classifications
701
72 Sampurna Melakartha Ragas
703
72 Asampurna Melakartha Ragas
704
Hexatonic Ragas
705
Pentatonic Ragas
706
Panchama Varjya Ragas
708
Bhashanga Ragas
710
Nishadantya Ragas
711
Dhaivatantya Ragas
711
Panchamantya Ragas
711
Svarantara Ragas
711
Moorchanakaraka Ragas
712
4 Yazhs (Perum Panns) of Ancient Tamil Music
716
7 Palais (Parent Scales) of Ancient Tamil Music
716
24 Thevara Panns of Ancient Tamil Music
716
Kathakali Ragas
717
Western Scales
720
10 Thaats of Hindustani Music
723
Hindustani Ragas
723
Carnatic Ragas
726
Master Index
738
9,,
Raga Format
Raga Format
No.
Details
01
02
Raga Name
Melakartha Number and Melakartha Name to which the Raga
belongs.
Additional Melakartha Numbers: If a Raga belongs to different
Melas, all the additional numbers are provided here.
Name of the Chakra the Raga belongs to.
The category and type of Raga is provided here. (Janaka, Janya,
Krama, Vakra, Upanga, Bhashanga,
Sampurna, Shadava,
Audava, Svarantara)
The Arohana and Avarohana of the Raga.
(Carnatic Letter Notation)
The Names of the Carnatic Swaras used in the Raga. If there is an
Anya Swara, the same will be highlighted.
Varjya Swaras: Names of the Swaras which are not used in the
Raga.
Piano Roll: Keyboard layout with number sequences for both
Arohana and Avarohana
Staff Notation for both Arohana and Avarohana of the Raga.
ABC Letter notation for both Ascending and Descending scale.
Semitone Intervals: The distance between adjacent notes in the
Raga. Intervals for both Ascending and Descending scale on a 12
tone scale.
Scale: The Scale type (Heptatonic, Hexatonic, Pentatonic) and
the Scale names as known in Western Music System or other
parts of the World.
Synonyms: Equivalent Raga names or Ragas which share the
same Arohana and Avarohana.
Hindustani equivalent Raga names. The Thaat to which it
belongs is also provided here.
The Names of the Hindustani Swaras used in the Raga.
Ragas derived by Sruthi Bedham.
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
XI
Ragas In Indian Music
444-This variable denotes the type of Swaras used in the Raga.

This can be either Upanga or Bhashanga.
Upanga Raga: This type of Raga uses only the Swaras which
belong to the Parent Melakartha Raga. Anya Swaras are not used.
Bhashanga Raga: This type of Raga uses one or more Anya
Swaras. Anya Swaras are the notes which do not belong to the Parent
Melakaratha Raga. Anya Swaras can be present in either Arohana or
Avarohana or both.
555-This variable describes the nature of sequence of Swaras in
Arohana, Avarohana or both. This can be either a Krama or Vakra.
Krama Ragas have a straight sequence of Swaras in both
Arohana and Avarohana.
Vakra Ragas have an irregular (zigzag) sequence of Swaras in
either Arohana or Avarohana or both.
Arohana and Avarohana

The Carnatic Notation of the Ascending and Descending Scale
of the Raga are given here.
Swara Names
Carnatic Swara names of the notes used in the Raga are
provided here.
Varjya Swaras
The names of the Notes which are not used in the Raga are
specified here.
IX
Sruthi Bedham
Ragas derived by Sruthi Bedham are listed here.
Sruthi Bedham is a method of shifting the base Shadjam of a
Raga to the next note and thus arriving at a new Raga. The technique is
also called as Graha Bedham or Swara Bedham. In Western Music
System this technique is referred as Modes of a scale.
The technique relies on the simple mathematical relationship of
notes in a scale. Let us take an example.
Let us take the scale of Dheera Shankarabharanam.

Arohana : S0 R2 G2 M1 P0 D2 N2 >S0
Avarohana : >S0 N2 D2 P0 M1 G2 R2 S0
If we make R2 as base, then resulting scale will be

This is Raga Kharahara Priya.
If we make G2 as base, the resulting scale will be

This is Raga Hanuma Thodi.
Like this we can shift Shadjam to different notes in the Raga

and see if we can arrive at new Ragas. There may be a question on how
we arrived on the above scales by shifting the Shadjam. A graphical
presentation can clear the doubt.
Let us represent the Raga Dheera Shankarabharanam on a

Keyboard. Since Avarohana of this Raga is symmetrical to Arohana, let
us just take the Arohana.
If we want to make R2 which is the second note in the Raga as

base, just make number 2 as 1, number 3 will become 2, number 4 will
become 3 and so on till the end. This will produce
This is a new scale no doubt because the Intervals are different

now. But the first key starts at a different pitch now which is different
from the position we used to start. We have to now transpose the scale
back to derive the Notation of a new scale. That is, the first key
becomes two keys in forward. To bring back we have to shift all keys
down by two keys. By doing this, we will not be changing the Raga or
Intervals. We are just bringing this to a convenient position.
15
AMRITHA LAHARI
(Mela : 46, 47)

Mela
: 46-Shadvidhamargini
Chakra
: Vasu Chakram
Raga Type : Janya-Shadava-Shadavam-Upanga-Krama
Arohana : S0 R1 G1 M2 P0 D2 >S0
Avarohana : >S0 D2 P0 M2 G1 R1 S0
[Shadjam-Suddha Rishabam-Sadharana Gandharam-Prathi Madhyamam-Panchamam
-Chathusruthi Dhaivatham] (Varjya Swara : Nishadam)

2

3

4

1 5 6 7

6

5

4

7 3 2 1

&=R==R==S==U==V==W==Y==!
&=Y==W==V==U==S==R==R==.
Ascending : C C# D# F# G A >C
Descending: >C A G F# D# C# C
Intervals : 1 2 3 1 2 3 | 3 2 1 3 2 1
(Semitones)
Scale
: [Hexatonic] Messiaen Truncated Mode 2
Synonyms : Chandra Jyothi
Sruthi Bedham [Moorchanas] [Modes]
S :Amritha Lahari
M :Amritha Lahari
24
ARABHI
(Mela : 29)
Mela
: 29-Dheera Shankarabharanam
Chakra
: Mara Chakram
Raga Type : Janya-Audava-Sampurnam-Upanga-Krama
Arohana : S0 R2 M1 P0 D2 >S0
[Shadjam-Chathusruthi Rishabam-Anthara Gandharam-Suddha Madhyamam
-Panchamam-Chathusruthi Dhaivatham-Kakali Nishadam]

1 2 3 4 5 6

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

&=R==S==U==V==W==Y==========!
&=Y==X==W==V==U==T==S==R==.
Ascending : C D F G A >C
Descending: >C B A G F E D C
Intervals : 2 3 2 2 3 | 1 2 2 2 1 2 2
(Semitones)
Synonyms : Dheva Gandhari, Gauda Malhar

Hindustani Equivalent : Asa [Thaat : Bilawal]
[Shadj-Suddh Rishabh-Suddh Gandhar-Suddh Madhyam-Pancham-Suddh Dhaivat-Suddh Nishad]
43
BASANT [H]
(Mela : 51)
Mela
: 51-Kama Vardhani
Chakra
: Brahma Chakram
Raga Type : Janya-Shadava-Sampurnam-Upanga-Vakra
Arohana : S0 G2 M2 D1 >R1 >S0 N2 >S0
Avarohana : >S0 N2 D1 P0 M2 G2 M2 G2 R1 S0
[Shadjam-Suddha Rishabam-Anthara Gandharam-Prathi Madhyamam-Panchamam
-Suddha Dhaivatham-Kakali Nishadam]

3

4

5

1 2 7 6
8

7

9

5

3

A 6 4 2 1
8

&=R==T==U==V==Y==Y==X==Y==========!
&=Y==X==V==V==U==T==U==T==R==R==.
Ascending : C E F# G# >C# >C B >C
Descending: >C B G# G F# E F# E C# C
Intervals : 4 2 2 5 -1 -1 1
: 1 3 1 1 2 -2 2 3 1
(Semitones)
Hindustani Equivalent : Basant [Thaat : Purvi]

[Shadj-Komal Rishabh-Suddh Gandhar-Teevra Madhyam-Pancham-Komal Dhaivat-Suddh Nishad]
63
BHUPALAM
(Mela : 07, 08, 09, 43, 44 )

Mela
: 08-Hanuma Thodi
(Mela : 45
)
Chakra
: Nethra Chakram
Raga Type : Janya-Audava-Audavam-Upanga-Krama
Arohana : S0 R1 G1 P0 D1 >S0
Avarohana : >S0 D1 P0 G1 R1 S0
[Shadjam-Suddha Rishabam-Sadharana Gandharam-Panchamam
-Suddha Dhaivatham] (Varjya Swaras : Madhyamam and Nishadam)

2

3

5

1 4 6

5

4

2

6 3 1

&=R==R==S==V==V==Y==!=Y==V==V==S==R==R==.
Ascending : C C# D# G G# >C
Descending: >C G# G D# C# C
Intervals : 1 2 4 1 4 | 4 1 4 2 1
(Semitones)
Scale
: [Pentatonic] Balinese, Pelog 1, Tezeta Minor
Hindustani Equivalent : Bhupali Todi [Thaat : Bhairavi]
[Shadj-Komal Rishabh-Komal Gandhar-Pancham-Komal Dhaivat]

S :Bhupalam
R :Skanda Manorama
G :Nila
D :Gambhira Nattai
64
BHUPALAM
(Mela : 13, 14, 15, 49, 50 )

Mela
: 15-Maya Malava Goula
(Mela : 51
)
Chakra
: Agni Chakram
Arohana : S0 R1 G2 P0 D1 >S0
Avarohana : >S0 D1 P0 G2 R1 S0
[Shadjam-Suddha Rishabam-Anthara Gandharam-Panchamam-Suddha Dhaivatham]
(Varjya Swaras : Madhyamam and Nishadam)

2

5

1 3 4 6

5

2

6 4 3 1

&=R==R==T==V==V==Y==!=Y==V==V==T==R==R==.
Ascending : C C# E G G# >C
Descending: >C G# G E C# C
Intervals : 1 3 3 1 4 | 4 1 3 3 1
Scale
: [Pentatonic]
(Semitones)
Synonyms : Bhibhasu, Gaula Revagupti, Jagasu, Kalyana Kesari,

: Puranirmai [Pann], Revagupti
Hindustani Equivalent : Bibhas [Thaat : Bhairav]
[Shadj-Komal Rishabh-Suddh Gandhar-Pancham-Komal Dhaivat]

S :Bhupalam
D :Tharavam
74
CHAKRAVAKAM
(Mela : 16)
Mela
: 16-Chakravakam
Chakra
: Agni Chakram
Raga Type : Janaka-Sampurna-Sampurnam-Upanga-Krama
[Shadjam-Suddha Rishabam-Anthara Gandharam-Suddha Madhyamam-Panchamam
-Chathusruthi Dhaivatham-Kaisiki Nishadam]

2

7

1 3 4 5 6 8

7

2

8 6 5 4 3 1

&=R==R==T==U==V==W==W==Y==!=Y==W==W==V==U==T==R==R==.
Ascending : C C# E F G A A# >C
Descending: >C A# A G F E C# C
Intervals : 1 3 1 2 2 1 2 | 2 1 2 2 1 3 1
(Semitones)
Scale
: [Heptatonic] Harmonic Minor Inverse
Synonyms : Abhayam, Chakra Vaka, Kunthala, Thoya Vega Vahini
Hindustani Equivalent : Ahir Bhairav [Thaat : Bhairav]
[Shadj-Komal Rishabh-Suddh Gandhar-Suddh Madhyam-Pancham-Suddh Dhaivat-Komal Nishad]

S :Chakravakam
M :Sarasangi
N :Dharmavathi
123
DHEERA SHANKARABHARANAM
(Mela : 29)
Mela
Chakra
: Mara Chakram

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

&=R==S==T==U==V==W==X==Y==!=Y==X==W==V==U==T==S==R==.
Ascending : C D E F G A B >C
Descending: >C B A G F E D C
Intervals : 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 | 1 2 2 2 1 2 2
(Semitones)
Scale
: [Heptatonic] Ghana Heptatonic, Greek Lydian,
: Hypolydian, Ionian, Major, Peruvian Major, Xin
Synonyms : Arumpalai, Paalai Yazh, Pazham Panchuram [Pann],
: Shankarabharanam
Hindustani Equivalent : Bilawal Thaat, Bilawal, Mevada, Suddha Bilawal
[Shadj-Suddh Rishabh-Suddh Gandhar-Suddh Madhyam-Pancham-Suddh Dhaivat-Suddh Nishad]

S :Dheera Shankarabharanam
R :Kharahara Priya
G :Hanuma Thodi
M :Mecha Kalyani
P :Hari Kambhoji
D :Nata Bhairavi
165
GAYAKA RANJANI
(Mela : 28, 29)

Mela
Chakra
: Mara Chakram
Arohana : S0 R2 G2 M1 P0 D2 >S0
Avarohana : >S0 D2 P0 M1 G2 R2 S0
-Panchamam-Chathusruthi Dhaivatham] (Varjya Swara : Nishadam)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

7 6 5 4 3 2 1

&=R==S==T==U==V==W==Y==!
&=Y==W==V==U==T==S==R==.
Ascending : C D E F G A >C
Descending: >C A G F E D C
Intervals : 2 2 1 2 2 3 | 3 2 2 1 2 2
(Semitones)
Scale
: [Hexatonic] Arezzo Major Diatonic Hexachord,
: Scottish Hexatonic
Synonyms : Dhaivatha Chandrika, Dhombi, Purna Kambhoji
S :Gayaka Ranjani
R :Pushpa Lathika
G :Suddha Thodi
M :Kokilam
P :Padmini
D :Gopika Vasantham
212
HINDOLA GAMINI
(Mela : 10, 22)

Mela
: 22-Kharahara Priya
Chakra
: Veda Chakram
Arohana : S0 G1 M1 D2 N1 >S0
Avarohana : >S0 N1 D2 M1 G1 S0
[Shadjam-Sadharana Gandharam-Suddha Madhyamam-Chathusruthi Dhaivatham
-Kaisiki Nishadam] (Varjya Swaras : Rishabam and Panchamam)

2

5

1 3 4 6

5

2

6 4 3 1

&=R==S==U==W==W==Y==!=Y==W==W==U==S==R==.
Ascending : C D# F A A# >C
Descending: >C A# A F D# C
Intervals : 3 2 4 1 2 | 2 1 4 2 3
Scale
: [Pentatonic]
(Semitones)
Synonyms : Chandra Kauns, Madhura Dhwani, Murthi, Sardhalangi,

: Varam
Hindustani Equivalent : Audav Bageshree, Chandra Kauns [Thaat : Kafi]
[Shadj-Komal Gandhar-Suddh Madhyam-Suddh Dhaivat-Komal Nishad]

S :Hindola Gamini
D :Parameshti
215
HINDOLAM
(Mela : 08, 20)

Mela
: 08-Hanuma Thodi
Chakra
: Nethra Chakram
Arohana : S0 G1 M1 D1 N1 >S0
Avarohana : >S0 N1 D1 M1 G1 S0
[Shadjam-Sadharana Gandharam-Suddha Madhyamam-Suddha Dhaivatham
-Kaisiki Nishadam] (Varjya Swaras : Rishabam and Panchamam)

2

4

5

1 3 6

5

3

2

6 4 1

&=R==S==U==V==W==Y==!=Y==W==V==U==S==R==.
Ascending : C D# F G# A# >C
Descending: >C A# G# F D# C
Intervals : 3 2 3 2 2 | 2 2 3 2 3
(Semitones)
Scale
: [Pentatonic] Jiao, Man Gong, Quan Ming, Yi Ze
Synonyms : Adbhodam, Ramya Mukhi
Hindustani Equivalent : Malakosh, Malkauns [Thaat : Bhairavi]
[Shadj-Komal Gandhar-Suddh Madhyam-Komal Dhaivat-Komal Nishad]

S :Hindolam
G :Suddha Saveri
M :Suddha Dhanyasi
D :Mohanam
N :Madhyamavathi
277
KANAKANGI
(Mela : 01)
Mela
: 01-Kanakangi
Chakra
: Indhu Chakram
[Shadjam-Suddha Rishabam-Suddha Gandharam-Suddha Madhyamam-Panchamam
-Suddha Dhaivatham-Suddha Nishadam]

2

6

1 3 4 5 7 8

7

3

8 6 5 4 2 1

&=R==R==S==U==V==V==W==Y==!
&=Y==W==V==V==U==S==R==R==.
Ascending : C C# D F G G# A >C
Descending: >C A G# G F D C# C
Intervals : 1 1 3 2 1 1 3 | 3 1 1 2 3 1 1
Scale
: [Heptatonic] Chromatic Dorian
(Semitones)
Synonyms : Suddha Mukari

S :Kanakangi
R :Kama Vardhani
343
LOKA PRIYA
(Mela : 13)
Mela
: 13-Gayaka Priya
Chakra
: Agni Chakram
Arohana : S0 R1 G2 M1 D1 N3 >S0
Avarohana : >S0 N3 D1 M1 G2 R1 S0
[Shadjam-Suddha Rishabam-Anthara Gandharam-Suddha Madhyamam
-Suddha Dhaivatham-Suddha Nishadam] (Varjya Swara : Panchamam)

2

5

1 3 4 6 7

6

3

7 5 4 2 1

&=R==R==T==U==V==W==Y==!
&=Y==W==V==U==T==R==R==.
Ascending : C C# E F G# A >C
Descending: >C A G# F E C# C
Intervals : 1 3 1 3 1 3 | 3 1 3 1 3 1
(Semitones)
Scale
: [Hexatonic] Half-Augmented, Messiaen Truncated Mode 3
S :Loka Priya
R :Dhevamani
G :Loka Priya
M :Dhevamani
D :Loka Priya
N :Dhevamani
352
MADHYAMAVATHI
(Mela : 20, 22, 26, 28)

Mela
Chakra
: Veda Chakram
Arohana : S0 R2 M1 P0 N1 >S0
Avarohana : >S0 N1 P0 M1 R2 S0
[Shadjam-Chathusruthi Rishabam-Suddha Madhyamam-Panchamam
-Kaisiki Nishadam] (Varjya Swaras : Gandharam and Dhaivatham)

5

1 2 3 4 6

2

6 5 4 3 1

&=R==S==U==V==W==Y==!=Y==W==V==U==S==R==.
Ascending : C D F G A# >C
Descending: >C A# G F D C
Intervals : 2 3 2 3 2 | 2 3 2 3 2
(Semitones)
Scale
: [Pentatonic] Egyptian, Jin Yu, Qing Yu, Rui Bin,
: Shang, Suspended Pentatonic, Yo
Synonyms : Chenthurutti [Pann], Nirmalangi
Hindustani Equivalent : Madhumad Sarang, Megh [Thaat : Kafi]
[Shadj-Suddh Rishabh-Suddh Madhyam-Pancham-Komal Nishad]

S :Madhyamavathi
R :Hindolam
M :Suddha Saveri
P :Suddha Dhanyasi
N :Mohanam
366
MANDHARI
(Mela : 51, 53, 54)

Mela
: 51-Kama Vardhani
Chakra
: Brahma Chakram
Arohana : S0 R1 G2 M2 P0 N2 >S0
Avarohana : >S0 N2 P0 M2 G2 R1 S0
[Shadjam-Suddha Rishabam-Anthara Gandharam-Prathi Madhyamam-Panchamam
-Kakali Nishadam] (Varjya Swara : Dhaivatham)

2

4

1 3 5 6 7

6

4

7 5 3 2 1

&=R==R==T==U==V==X==Y==!
&=Y==X==V==U==T==R==R==.
Ascending : C C# E F# G B >C
Descending: >C B G F# E C# C
Intervals : 1 3 2 1 4 1 | 1 4 1 2 3 1
Scale
: [Hexatonic] Theoretical
(Semitones)
Synonyms : Gamaka Kriya, Omkara Ghoshini

Hindustani Equivalent : Koumari [Thaat : Purvi]
[Shadj-Komal Rishabh-Suddh Gandhar-Teevra Madhyam-Pancham-Suddh Nishad]
438
NATA BHAIRAVI
(Mela : 20)
Mela
: 20-Nata Bhairavi
Chakra
: Veda Chakram
[Shadjam-Chathusruthi Rishabam-Sadharana Gandharam-Suddha Madhyamam
-Panchamam-Suddha Dhaivatham-Kaisiki Nishadam]

3

6

7

1 2 4 5 8

6

3

2

8 7 5 4 1

&=R==S==S==U==V==V==W==Y==!=Y==W==V==V==U==S==S==R==.
Ascending : C D D# F G G# A# >C
Descending: >C A# G# G F D# D C
Intervals : 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 | 2 2 1 2 2 1 2
(Semitones)
Scale
: [Heptatonic] Aeolian, Chiao, Ezel, Greek Hyperphrygian,
: Gregorian nr.2, Hypodorian, Natural Minor, Peruvian Minor
Synonyms : Chevazhi Yazh, Kamala Tarangini, Manji, Padumalaipalai,
: Suddha Desi
Hindustani Equivalent : Asavari Thaat
[Shadj-Suddh Rishabh-Komal Gandhar-Suddh Madhyam-Pancham-Komal Dhaivat-Komal Nishad]

S :Nata Bhairavi
G :Dheera Shankarabharanam
M :Kharahara Priya
P :Hanuma Thodi
D :Mecha Kalyani
N :Hari Kambhoji
456
NILAMBARI [H]
(Mela : 22)
Mela
Chakra
: Veda Chakram
Raga Type : Janya-Audava-Sampurnam-Bhashanga-Vakra
Arohana : S0 R2 M1 P0 D2 >S0
Avarohana : >R2 N1 D2 P0 M1 G2 G1 R2 <N2 S0 <D2 <N1 G1 R2
[Shadjam-Chathusruthi Rishabam-Sadharana Gandharam-Anthara Gandharam
-Suddha Madhyamam-Panchamam-Chathusruthi Dhaivatham-Kaisiki Nishadam
-Kakali Nishadam]

1 2 3 4 5 6

D

C

7

2

B 9 A 8 6 5 4 3 1
E

&=R==S==U==V==W==Y==================================!
&=Z==W==W==V==U==T==S==S==Q==R==P==P==S==S==.
Ascending : C D F G A >C
Descending: >D A# A G F E D# D <B C <A <A# D# D
Intervals : 2 3 2 2 3
: 4 1 2 2 1 1 1 3 -1 3 -1 -5 1
(Semitones)
Hindustani Equivalent : Nilambari [Thaat : Kafi]
[Shadj-Suddh Rishabh-Komal Gandhar-Suddh Gandhar-Suddh Madhyam-PanchamSuddh Dhaivat-Komal Nishad-Suddh Nishad]
498
PUSHPA LATHIKA
(Mela : 20, 22)

Mela
Chakra
: Veda Chakram
Arohana : S0 R2 G1 M1 P0 N1 >S0
Avarohana : >S0 N1 P0 M1 G1 R2 S0
[Shadjam-Chathusruthi Rishabam-Sadharana Gandharam-Suddha Madhyamam
-Panchamam-Kaisiki Nishadam] (Varjya Swara : Dhaivatham)

3

6

1 2 4 5 7

5

2

7 6 4 3 1

&=R==S==S==U==V==W==Y==!=Y==W==V==U==S==S==R==.
Ascending : C D D# F G A# >C
Descending: >C A# G F D# D C
Intervals : 2 1 2 2 3 2 | 2 3 2 2 1 2
(Semitones)
Scale
: [Hexatonic] Eskimo Hexatonic 1, Minor Hexatonic,
: Yo
Synonyms : Purna Shadjam, Pushpa Latha
Hindustani Equivalent : Palasi [Thaat : Kafi]
[Shadj-Suddh Rishabh-Komal Gandhar-Suddh Madhyam-Pancham-Komal Nishad]

S :Pushpa Lathika
R :Suddha Thodi
G :Kokilam
M :Padmini
P :Gopika Vasantham
N :Gayaka Ranjani
656
VAGADEESWARI
(Mela : 34)
Mela
: 34-Vagadeeswari
Chakra
: Ruthu Chakram
[Shadjam-Shatshruthi Rishabam-Anthara Gandharam-Suddha Madhyamam
-Panchamam-Chathusruthi Dhaivatham-Kaisiki Nishadam]

2

7

1 3 4 5 6 8

7

2

8 6 5 4 3 1

&=R==S==T==U==V==W==W==Y==!
&=Y==W==W==V==U==T==S==R==.
Ascending : C D# E F G A A# >C
Descending: >C A# A G F E D# C
Intervals : 3 1 1 2 2 1 2 | 2 1 2 2 1 1 3
Scale
: [Heptatonic] Rock 'n Roll
(Semitones)

S :Vagadeeswari
M :Naga Nandhini
D :Bhava Priya
657
VAKULA BHARANAM
(Mela : 14)
Mela
: 14-Vakula Bharanam
Chakra
: Agni Chakram
[Shadjam-Suddha Rishabam-Anthara Gandharam-Suddha Madhyamam-Panchamam
-Suddha Dhaivatham-Kaisiki Nishadam]

2

6

7

1 3 4 5 8

7

3

2

8 6 5 4 1

&=R==R==T==U==V==V==W==Y==!=Y==W==V==V==U==T==R==R==.
Ascending : C C# E F G G# A# >C
Descending: >C A# G# G F E C# C
Intervals : 1 3 1 2 1 2 2 | 2 2 1 2 1 3 1
(Semitones)
Scale
: [Heptatonic] Dorico Flamenco, Harmonic Major Inverse,
: Hitzaz, Jewish Major, Phrygian Dominant, Spanish Folk
Hindustani Equivalent : Basant Mukhari
[Shadj-Komal Rishabh-Suddh Gandhar-Suddh Madhyam-Pancham-Komal Dhaivat-Komal Nishad]

S :Vakula Bharanam
R :Kosalam
M :Keeravani
N :Hemavathi
699
YAMAN [H]
(Mela : 65)
Mela
: 65-Mecha Kalyani
Chakra
: Rudra Chakram
Raga Type : Janya-Shadava-Sampurnam-Upanga-Krama
Arohana : <N2 R2 G2 M2 D2 N2 >S0
[Shadjam-Chathusruthi Rishabam-Anthara Gandharam-Prathi Madhyamam

4

1 2 3 5 6 7

5

8 7 6 4 3 2 1

&=Q==S==T==U==W==X==Y======!
&=Y==X==W==V==U==T==S==R==.
Ascending : <B D E F# A B >C
Descending: >C B A G F# E D C
Intervals : 3 2 2 3 2 1 | 1 2 2 1 2 2 2
(Semitones)
Hindustani Equivalent : Yaman [Thaat : Kalyan]

[Shadj-Suddh Rishabh-Suddh Gandhar-Teevra Madhyam-Pancham-Suddh Dhaivat-Suddh Nishad]
706
Hexatonic Ragas
Raga
Page
Raga
Page
Nepala Gaula [Lalitha]

Niranjani [Kokilam]
Omkara Ghoshini [Mandhari]
Padmavali
Padmini
Palasi [H]
Parameshti [Guru Priya]
Pavini [Sindhu Ramakriya]
Prabhavati [H]
Praharana Kalitha [Kokilam]
Purna Kambhoji [Gayaka Ranjani]
Purna Panchamam
Purna Shadjam [Pushpa Lathika]
Pushpa Latha [Pushpa Lathika]
Pushpa Lathika
Ratna Kanthi
Ravi Chandrika
Sampradhaya Thodi [Suddha Thodi]
Sandharsini [Hamsa Vinodhini]
Shekara Chandrika [Nama Prabha]
Shiva Priya [Bhavani]
Shubhali [Nama Prabha]
337
320
366
465
466
498
184
592
465
320
165
491
498
498
498
521
523
619
199
429
57
429
Sindhu Ramakriya
Sri Ranjani
Suddha Bageshri [H]
Suddha Gamaka Kriya
[Kamalaptha Priya]
Suddha Kalyani [Kokilam]
Suddha Kriya [Purna Panchamam]
Suddha Lalitha [Lalitha]
Suddha Seemanthini
Suddha Thodi
Sura Nandhini [Kokilam]
Swarnambari [Lalitha]
Tharalam
Thodi [Suddha Thodi]
Urmika
Varavarnani [Ravi Chandrika]
Vasantha Bhairavi
Vasantha Manohari [Ghantana]
Vasantha Sri
Vijaya Nagari
Vijaya Sri
Vinoddhini [Lalitha]
592
597
597
268
320
491
338
617
619
320
338
644
619
652
523
671
171
675
689
692
337
Pentatonic Ragas
Raga
Page
Raga
Page
Abhogi
Abhogi [H]
Abhogi Kanada [H]
Adbhodam [Hindolam]
Amritha Varshini
Amritha Varshini [H]
Ananda Valli
Aruna Chandrika [Gambhira Nattai]
Audav Bageshree [H]
Bairagi Bhairav [H]
Bhaskaran [Rukmangi]
Bhibhasu [Bhupalam]
Bhinna Shadja [H]
4
4
4
215
17
17
21
142
212
528
536
64
300
Bhup [H]
Bhupalam
Bhupalam
Bhupali [H]
Bhupali Todi [H]
Bibhas [H]
Chandra
Chandra Kauns [H]
Chandra Kauns [H]
Chandra Kauns [Hindola Gamini]
Chandra Prabha [H]
Chandrika [Chandra]
Chandrika Thodi
400
63
64
400
63
64
77
77
212
212
485
77
82
711
Nishadantya Ragas
Raga
Page
Raga
Page
Chenchurutti
Chenchurutti
Chikamaram [Pann] [Nadanama Kriya]
Chitta Ranjini
Chitta Ranjini
Chitta Ranjini
Dheva Kriya
Janjhuti
Mahuri
Nadanama Kriya
93
94
413
99
100
101
129
231
353
413
Naga Gandhari
Naga Varali
Punnaga Thodi
Punnaga Varali
Saindhavi
Saindhavi
Sruthi Ranjani
Vasantha Varali
Vasantha Varali
Vasantha Varali
419
424
486
487
543
545
601
677
678
679
Dhaivatantya Ragas
Raga
Page
Raga
Page
Karnataka Dhevagandhari
Kuranji
Kuranji
Naga Varali
289
331
332
425
Purna Panchamam
Suddha Samantham
Suddha Samantham
490
613
614
Panchamantya Ragas
Raga
Page
Raga
Page
Kantharam [Pann] [Navaroj]

Kolli [Pann] [Navaroj]
Kolli Kauvanam [Pann] [Navaroj]
Navaroj
450
450
450
450
Piyanthai Kantharam [Pann] [Navaroj] 4 5 0

Saindhavi
544
Veda Ghosha Priya
681
Svarantara Ragas
Raga
Page
Raga
Kantharam [Pann] [Navaroj]

Kolli [Pann] [Navaroj]
Kolli Kauvanam [Pann] [Navaroj]
Navaroj
450
450
450
450
Piyanthai Kantharam [Pann] [Navaroj] 4 5 0

Saindhavi
544
Veda Ghosha Priya
681
Page
714
Moorchanakaraka Ragas
Raga
Page
Raga
Mathanga Gamini [Manohari]

Maya Malava Goula
Mecha Kalyani
Merchempalai [Mecha Kalyani]
Mohana [Mohanam]
Mohanam
Murthi [Hindola Gamini]
Nadanama Kriya [Maya Malava Goula]
Naga Chandrika
Naga Choodamani [Naga Chandrika]
Naga Nandhini
Naga Svaravali
Naga Valli [Guha Manohari]
Nasamani [Nasika Bhushani]
Nasika Bhushani
Nata Bhairavi
Nataka Priya
Natika [Guha Manohari]
Natta Padai [Pann] [Gambhira Nattai]
Natta Ragam [Pann] [Kama Vardhani]
Natta Ragam [Subha Panthuvarali]
Nayaki [Kharahara Priya]
Neeli
Neethimathi
Nepala Gaula [Lalitha]
Nila
Niranjani [Kokilam]
Nirmalangi [Madhyamavathi]
Paalai Yazh
[Dheera Shankarabharanam]
Padmini
Padumalaipalai [Nata Bhairavi]
Panthuvarali [Kama Vardhani]
Paraju [Maya Malava Goula]
Parameshti
Parithi [Revathi]
Pavini [Sindhu Ramakriya]
Pazham Panchuram [Pann]
[Dheera Shankarabharanam]
376
390
393
393
400
400
212
390
416
416
422
423
179
436
436
438
445
179
142
265
603
310
453
454
337
455
320
352
Pazhan Thakka Ragam [Pann]

[Suddha Saveri]
Prabhu Priya [Chandrika Thodi]
Praharana Kalitha [Kokilam]
Priya Dharshini
Pulindika [Guha Manohari]
Puranirmai [Pann] [Bhupalam]
Purna Kambhoji [Gayaka Ranjani]
Purna Panchamam
Purna Shadjam [Pushpa Lathika]
Pushpa Latha [Pushpa Lathika]
Pushpa Lathika
Pushpa Vasantham [Rathnangi]
Raga Vardhani
Rama Kriya [Raga Vardhani]
Ramya Mukhi [Hindolam]
Rasamanjari [Rasika Priya]
Rasika Priya
Rathi Priya [Rishaba Priya]
Rathnangi
Ratipati Priya
Ratna Kanthi
Ravi Chandrika
Revagupti [Bhupalam]
Revathi
Rishaba Priya
Rukmangi
Sadari [Pann] [Kama Vardhani]
Saindhavi [Kharahara Priya]
Samanta [Naga Nandhini]
Sampradhaya Thodi [Suddha Thodi]
Samudra Priya
Sandharsini [Hamsa Vinodhini]
Sarasangi
Sardhalangi [Hindola Gamini]
Saurashtram [Maya Malava Goula]
Seemantini [Simhendra Madhyamam]
Senavathi
Sesha Nadham
[Simhendra Madhyamam]
123
466
438
265
390
470
528
592
123
Page
616
82
320
485
179
64
165
491
498
498
498
518
503
503
215
516
516
530
518
519
521
523
64
528
530
536
265
310
422
619
550
199
557
212
390
588
570
588
717
Kathakali Ragas
Kathakali Raga
Carnatic Raga
Page
Ahiri
Ahiri
Ahiri
Ahiri
Ananda Bhairavi
Ananda Bhairavi
Arabhi
Asaveri
Asaveri
Asaveri
Atana
Atana
Atana
Atana
Atana
Bhairavi
Bhupalam
Bhupalam
Chenchurutti
Chenchurutti
Desakshi
Desakshi
Dheva Gandhari
Dheva Gandhari
Dheva Gandhari
Dvijavanti
Dvijavanti
Yadhukula Kambhoji
Gauli Panthu
Gauli Panthu
Gopika Vasantham
Gopika Vasantham
Gopika Vasantham
Gopika Vasantham
Hindolam
Hindolam
Kambhoji
Nata Kurinji
Hindustani Kapi
Hindustani Kapi
Kedara Gaula
9
10
11
19
20
24
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
50
63
64
93
94
109
110
125
126
127
139
140
697
158
159
174
175
176
177
215
216
269
442
217
218
302
Ananda Bhairavi
Arabhi
Asaveri
Atana
Bhairavi
Bhupalam
Chenchurutti
Desakshi
Dheva Gandhari
Dvijavanti
Erikkila Kamodari
Gauli Panthu
Gopika Vasantham
Indalam
KalyaniKamodari
Kanakkurinji
Kapi
Kedaragauda
720
Western Scales
Raga
Page
Raga
Page
Aeolian
Akebono I
Akebono II
Ambassel
Anhemitonic Hexatonic
Arezzo Major Diatonic Hexachord
Augmented
Balinese
Bartok
Blues Pentatonic Minor
Byzantine
Chiao
Chinese
Ching
Chromatic Dorian
Chromatic Dorian Inverse
Chromatic Hypolydian
Chromatic Lydian Inverse
Damian Emmanuel
Dorian
Dorian bII
Dorian Pentatonic
Dorian Sharp 4
Dorico Flamenco
Double Harmonic Major
Double Harmonic Minor
Egyptian
Eskimo Heptatonic
Eskimo Hexatonic 1
Ethiopian
Ezel
Genus Secundum
Genus Tertium
Ghana Heptatonic
Gnossiennes
Gong
Greek Dorian
Greek Hyperphrygian
Greek Hypolydian
Greek Hypophrygian
438
631
294
294
178
165
132
63
654
609
390
438
17
201
277
75
265
603
576
310
445
631
209
657
390
588
352
310
498
557
438
416
132
123
209
400
200
438
393
201
Greek Ionian
Greek Lydian
Greek Phrygian
Gregorian nr.2
Gregorian nr.3
Gregorian nr.7
Gu
Gu Xian
Gypsy Hexatonic
Half-Augmented
Han-Iwato
Han-Iwato
Hard Japan Descending
Harmonic Major 1
Harmonic Major Inverse
Harmonic Minor
Harmonic Minor Inverse
Hawaiian
Hindolita
Hitzaz
Hitzazkiar
Hon-kumoi-joshi
Houzam
Hungarian Folk
Hungarian Gypsy
Hungarian Major
Hungarian Minor
Hyojo
Hypoaeolian
Hypodorian
Hypoionian
Hypolydian
Hypomixolydian
Ionian
Ionian Pentatonic
Japanese
Javanese
Jazz Minor
Jazz Minor Inverse
Jewish Major
201
123
310
438
200
201
393
609
164
343
528
688
609
557
657
304
74
161
300
657
390
294
624
390
576
436
588
310
200
438
201
123
310
123
142
294
445
161
445
657
723
10 Thaats of Hindustani Music

Thaat Name
Melakartha Raga
Page
01-Kalyan Thaat
02-Bilawal Thaat
03-Khamaj Thaat
04-Bhairav Thaat
05-Purvi Thaat
06-Marwa Thaat
07-Kafi Thaat
08-Asavari Thaat
09-Bhairavi Thaat
10-Todi Thaat
65-Mecha Kalyani
29-Dheera Shankarabharanam
28-Hari Kambhoji
15-Maya Malava Goula
51-Kama Vardhani
53-Gamanasrama
22-Kharahara Priya
20-Nata Bhairavi
08-Hanuma Thodi
45-Subha Panthuvarali
393
123
201
390
265
141
310
438
200
603
Hindustani Ragas
Raga
Page
Raga
Page
Abheri
Abhogi
Abhogi Kanada
Adana
Adi Bhairavi
Ahir Bhairav
Ahir Bhairav
Ahiri
Amba Manohari
Amritha Varshini
Anand Bhairav
Anand Leela
Asa
Asavari
Audav Bageshree
Bageshri
Bairagi Bhairav
Basant
Basant Mukhari
Bhairav
Bhairavi
Bhavani
Bhimpalasi
Bhimpalasi
1
4
4
5
6
8
74
445
675
17
18
134
24
403
212
597
528
43
657
390
200
55
290
473
Bhinna Shadja
Bhup
Bhup Kalyan
Bhupali
Bhupali Todi
Bibhas
Bihag
Bilawal
Chandra Kauns
Chandra Kauns
Chandra Prabha
Chandrakant
Charukesi
Chaya Nat
Chaya Todi
Chitta Mohini
Darbari Kanada
Deepak
Desh
Desh Gaud
Dhana Shri
Dhanya Dhaivat
Durga
Durga
300
400
399
400
63
64
69
123
77
212
485
694
83
88
470
595
104
108
111
112
473
665
455
616
727
Carnatic Ragas
Raga
Page
Raga
Page
Bilahari
Bindu Malini
Brindavana Saranga
Brindavana Saranga
Chakra Vaka [Chakravakam]
Chakravakam
Chalanatta [Nattai]
Chalanattai
Chamaram
Chamaram [Shanmukha Priya]
Chandra
Chandra Chuda [Naga Chandrika]
Chandra Hasitha [Ravi Chandrika]
Chandra Jyothi
Chandra Jyothi [Amritha Lahari]
Chandra Kantham [Mecha Kalyani]
Chandra Kauns [Hindola Gamini]
Chandra Rekha
Chandra Rekha
Chandra Rekha [Hemavathi]
Chandrika
Chandrika [Chandra]
Chandrika Thodi
Charukesi
Chathurangini
Chathurangini
Chaya Gaula
Chaya Gaula
Chaya Nata
Chaya Tarangini
Chayavathi
Chenchu Khamboji
Chenchurutti
Chenchurutti
Cheta Gauri [Sindhu Ramakriya]
Chinthamani
Chinthamani
Chinthamani
Chitrambari
Chitta Ranjini
70
71
72
73
74
74
446
75
76
576
77
416
523
78
15
393
212
79
80
209
81
77
82
83
84
85
86
87
89
90
91
92
93
94
592
95
96
97
98
99
Chitta Ranjini
Chitta Ranjini
Chitta Sena [Siddha Sena]
Chudamani [Raga Chudamani]
Dakka [Takka]
Dakka [Takka]
Darbar
Darbar
Darbar [Kharahara Priya]
Darbari Kanada
Daureyani
Dautha Panchamam
Dautha Panchamam
Desakshi
Desakshi
Desakshi [Bilahari]
Desh
Deshi Simharavam [Hemavathi]
Desi [Suddha Desi]
Desya Gaula
Desya Kamas [Jujahuli]
Desya Kapi [Hindustani Kapi]
Desya Thodi
Dhaivatha Chandrika [Gayaka Ranjani]
Dhali Varali [Varali]
Dhana Kriyadhathu [Nilaveni]
Dhana Shri
Dhana Shri [Dhanyasi]
Dhani [Suddha Dhanyasi]
Dhanyasi
Dhanyasi [Suddha Dhanyasi]
Dharmavathi
Dhathu Vardhani
Dhavalambari
Dhavalangam [Dhavalangi]
Dhavalangi
Dhaya Ranjini
Dhayavathi
Dheepakam
Dheera Shankarabharanam
100
101
585
500
637
639
102
103
310
104
105
106
107
109
110
70
111
209
608
112
247
218
113
165
661
460
114
115
609
115
609
116
117
118
119
119
120
121
122
123
748
Master Index
Raga
Page
Raga
Page
Mixolydian Hexatonic [W]

Miyakobushi [W]
Miyakobushi [W]
Miyan Ki Todi [H]
Miyan Malhar [H]
Mohana [Mohanam]
Mohana Kalyani
Mohana Varithi [Padmavali]
Mohanam
Mukhari
Mukhari
Mukhari
Mukhari
Multani [H]
Murthi [Hindola Gamini]
Nabhomani
Nabhomani
Nada Brahmam
Nada Chinthamani
Nada Chinthamani
Nada Chinthamani [Rithi Gaula]
Nada Tarangini
Nada Tarangini
Nadanama Kriya
Nadanama Kriya [Maya Malava Goula]
Nadhanali [Gandharavam]
Naga Bharanam
Naga Bhushani
Naga Chandrika
Naga Choodamani [Naga Chandrika]
Naga Dhwani
Naga Dhwani
Naga Gandhari
Naga Gandhari
Naga Gandhari
Naga Nandhini
Naga Svaravali
Naga Valli [Guha Manohari]
Naga Varali
Naga Varali
466
528
688
105
398
400
399
465
400
401
402
403
404
405
212
406
407
408
409
410
532
411
412
413
390
150
414
415
416
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
179
424
425
Naga Varali
Nalina Kanthi
Nama Deshi [Nama Narayani]
Nama Narayani
Nama Prabha
Nama Varali [Ganasama Varali]
Naradha Mukhari [Kaumari]
Narayana Desakshi
Narayana Desakshi
Narayana Desakshi [Suddha Desi]
Narayana Gaula
Narayani
Narayani
Nari Rithi Gaula [Rithi Gaula]
Narthaki [Jana Sammodhini]
Nasamani
Nasamani [Nasika Bhushani]
Nasika Bhushani
Nat [H]
Nat Bhairav [H]
Nata [H]
Nata Bhairavi
Nata Bharanam
Nata Bharanam
Nata Bharanam [Niranjini]
Nata Kuranji [H]
Nata Kuranjika [H]
Nata Kurinji
Nata Narayani
Nata Narayani [H]
Nata Narayani [Shyama]
Nataka Priya
Natika [Guha Manohari]
Natta [Nattai]
Natta Padai [Pann] [Gambhira Nattai]
Natta Ragam [Pann] [Kama Vardhani]
Natta Ragam [Subha Panthuvarali]
Nattai
Natural Minor [W]
Navaneetham
426
427
428
428
429
148
299
430
431
608
432
433
434
531
229
435
436
436
437
557
437
438
439
440
461
441
441
442
444
443
581
445
179
446
142
265
603
446
438
447
Publishers 2008
Ragas in Indian Music
V.K.Krishna Prasad
ISBN 81 85 381 97 6
Published by
CBH Publications
51/4, Sriganesh. North Amman Coil Street,
Opp: Kamarajar Nagar, Vetturnimadom P.O.,
Nagercoil, 629003. S.India
Tel: 91-4652-222813
Email: cbhpub@vsnl.com
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Ragas in Hindu Music

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Ragas in Hindu Music

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RAGAS

Indexes based on different Classifications

72 Sampurna Melakartha Ragas

72 Asampurna Melakartha Ragas

Panchama Varjya Ragas

4 Yazhs (Perum Panns) of Ancient Tamil Music

7 Palais (Parent Scales) of Ancient Tamil Music

24 Thevara Panns of Ancient Tamil Music

10 Thaats of Hindustani Music

Ragas In Indian Music

444-This variable denotes the type of Swaras used in the Raga.

Arohana and Avarohana

Ragas In Indian Music

Let us take the scale of Dheera Shankarabharanam.

If we make R2 as base, then resulting scale will be

This is Raga Kharahara Priya.

If we make G2 as base, the resulting scale will be

This is Raga Hanuma Thodi.

Like this we can shift Shadjam to different notes in the Raga

Ragas In Indian Music

Let us represent the Raga Dheera Shankarabharanam on a

If we want to make R2 which is the second note in the Raga as

This is a new scale no doubt because the Intervals are different

Ragas In Indian Music

(Mela : 46, 47)

Ragas In Indian Music

Synonyms : Dheva Gandhari, Gauda Malhar

Ragas In Indian Music

Hindustani Equivalent : Basant [Thaat : Purvi]

Ragas In Indian Music

(Mela : 07, 08, 09, 43, 44 )

Sruthi Bedham [Moorchanas] [Modes]

Ragas In Indian Music

(Mela : 13, 14, 15, 49, 50 )

Synonyms : Bhibhasu, Gaula Revagupti, Jagasu, Kalyana Kesari,

Sruthi Bedham [Moorchanas] [Modes]

Ragas In Indian Music

Sruthi Bedham [Moorchanas] [Modes]

Ragas In Indian Music

Sruthi Bedham [Moorchanas] [Modes]

Ragas In Indian Music

(Mela : 28, 29)

Ragas In Indian Music

(Mela : 10, 22)

Synonyms : Chandra Kauns, Madhura Dhwani, Murthi, Sardhalangi,

Sruthi Bedham [Moorchanas] [Modes]

Ragas In Indian Music

(Mela : 08, 20)

Sruthi Bedham [Moorchanas] [Modes]

Ragas In Indian Music

Synonyms : Suddha Mukari

Ragas In Indian Music

Ragas In Indian Music

(Mela : 20, 22, 26, 28)

Sruthi Bedham [Moorchanas] [Modes]

Ragas In Indian Music

(Mela : 51, 53, 54)

Synonyms : Gamaka Kriya, Omkara Ghoshini

Ragas In Indian Music

Sruthi Bedham [Moorchanas] [Modes]

Ragas In Indian Music

Ragas In Indian Music

(Mela : 20, 22)

Sruthi Bedham [Moorchanas] [Modes]