CHNG 3

Cc thnh phn

Kt cu
Composite
Cc phn t Cu trc c bn
Micro Mechanics
D liu thc
nghim




Finite Element
Analysis
S t hp ca cc yu t
3.1. Gii thiu
Lp tm nhiu lp
3.1. Gii thiu

Mt s khi nim
3.1. Gii thiu
ISOTROPIC (ng hng) Cc tnh cht vt liu
nh nhau theo mi phng
ANISOTROPIC (d hng) Cc tnh cht ca vt liu
khc nhau theo cc phng khc nhau
HOMOGENEOUS (ng nht) ng nht v thnh
phn vt liu v cc tnh cht l hng s ti mi im
HETEROGENEOUS (khng ng nht) - Khng ng
nht v thnh phn vt liu hay c th nhn bit c
s tch bit ca cc thnh phn
Cc gi thit
3.1. Gii thiu
Vt th n hi l mt mi trng lin tc (vt th rn)
Quan h gia cc thnh phn bin dng vi hnh
chiu ca cc chuyn v v o hm bc nht ca
chng trn cc trc ta l tuyn tnh (bin dng
nh)
Cc quan h ng sut bin dng l tuyn tnh
Theo nh lut Hooke tng qut
Cc h s trong quan h tuyn tnh c th l hng s (vt th
ng nht) hay l cc bin, hm theo v tr (vt th khng ng
nht)
p dng l thuyt tm kinh in i vi cc vt th
n hi ng nht v khng ng nht
Cc k hiu - quy c
3.1. Gii thiu
Cc h trc
Cartesian - x, y, z
Cylindrical - r, u, z
Spherical - , u, |





Cc ng sut tc dng trn mt vung gc vi cc
phng ca trc toa
1 thnh phn vung gc = ng sut php
2 thnh phn tip tuyn = ng sut tip
Tensor ng sut
3.1. Gii thiu
(
(
(

o t t
t o t
t t o
z yz xz
yz y xy
xz xy x
(
(
(

o t t
t o t
t t o
u
u u u
u
z z rz
z r
rz r r
(
(
(

o t t
t o t
t t o
| u| |
u| u u
| u
Cartesian Cylindrical Spherical
o
o
o
t
t
t
o
o
o
t
t
t
x
y
z
yz
xz
xy

1
2
3
4
5
6
o
o
o
t
t
t
o
o
o
t
t
t
u
u
u
r
z
z
rz
r

1
2
3
4
5
6
o
o
o
t
t
t
o
o
o
t
t
t

u
|
u|
|
u

1
2
3
4
5
6
Tensor bin dng
3.1. Gii thiu
(
(
(
(
(

c
z
yz
xz
yz
y
xy
xz
xy
x
2 2
2 2
2 2
(
(
(
(
(

c


c

c
u
u
u
u
u
z
z rz
z r
rz r
r
2 2
2 2
2 2
(
(
(
(
(

c
|
u| |
u|
u
u
| u

2 2
2 2
2 2
c
c
c

c
c
c
c
c
c
x
y
z
yz
xz
xy

1
2
3
4
5
6
2
2
2
c
c
c

c
c
c
c
c
c
u
u
u
r
z
z
rz
r

1
2
3
4
5
6
2
2
2
c
c
c

c
c
c
c
c
c

u
|
u|
|
u

1
2
3
4
5
6
2
2
2
Cartesian Cylindrical Spherical
Tenxo bin dng v bin dng k thut
3.1. Gii thiu

12

c
12

c
12
t
t
Ct thun ty Trt thun ty
Bin dng trt
k thut
Tenxo bin
dng trt
3.2. Trng chuyn v
Cartesian:
Cylindrical:
Spherical
u, v, w
u
r
, u
u
, w
u

, u
u
, u
|

3.2.1. Quan h BD-CV trong h ta cc
3.2. Trng chuyn v
x
v
y
u
z
w
z
u
x
w
y
v
y
w
z
v
x
u
xy z
xz y
yz x
c
c
+
c
c
=
c
c
=
c
c
+
c
c
=
c
c
=
c
c
+
c
c
=
c
c
=
c
c
c
;
;
;
3.2.2. Quan h BD-CV trong h ta tr
3.2. Trng chuyn v
r
u
r
u u
r z
w
z
u
r
w
r
u u
r
w
r z
u
r
u
r
r z
r
rz
r
z
r
u u
u
u
u
u
u
u
c

u
c
u
c

c
c
+
c
c
=
c
c
=
c
c
+
c
c
= +
c
c
=
c
c
+
c
c
=
c
c
=
1
;
;
1
1
;
ng sut trn mt ct nghing
3.3. Trng ng sut
x
y
z
x
y
z
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) z x y x x x
z x y x x x
z x y x x x
x yz xz z x
yz y xy y x
xz xy x x
, cos , cos , cos
, cos , cos , cos
, cos , cos , cos
'
'
'
+
'
+
'
=
'
+
'
+
'
=
'
+
'
+
'
=
'
'
'
o t t t
t o t t
t t o o
H phng trnh cn bng (h ta cc)
3.3. Trng ng sut
0
0
0
= +
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
= +
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
= +
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
z
z
yz
xz
y
yz y xy
x
xy xy
x
F
z y x
F
z y x
F
z y x
o
t
t
t o t
t t
o
H phng trnh cn bng (h ta tr)
3.3. Trng ng sut
0
1
0
2 1
0
1
= + +
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
= +

+
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
= +

+
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
z
rz z z rz
r z r
r
r rz r r
F
r z r r
F
r z r r
F
r z r r
t o
u
t t
t t
u
o t
o o t
u
t o
u
u
u u u u
u u
3.4.1. Ma trn cng, ma trn mm
3.4. Quan h ng sut bin dng

12
13
23
3
2
1
66 54 64 63 62 61
65 55 54 53 52 51
64 45 44 43 42 41
63 35 34 33 32 31
26 25 24 23 22 21
16 15 14 13 12 11
12
13
23
3
2
1

c
c
c
t
t
t
o
o
o
C C C C C C
C C C C C C
C C C C C C
C C C C C C
C C C C C C
C C C C C C

12
13
23
3
2
1
66 65 64 63 62 61
56 55 54 53 52 51
46 45 44 43 42 41
36 35 34 33 32 31
26 25 24 23 22 21
16 15 14 13 12 11
12
13
23
3
2
1
t
t
t
o
o
o

c
c
c
S S S S S S
S S S S S S
S S S S S S
S S S S S S
S S S S S S
S S S S S S
3.4.2. Tnh i xng ca ma trn cng
3.4. Quan h ng sut bin dng

Mt nng lng bin dng/ th nng n hi
S gia cng trn 1 n v th tch
dW=o
i
dc
i
S dng cc quan h ng sut bin dng
dW=C
ij
c
j
dc
j
Cng trn mt n v th tch
W=1/2 C
ij
c
i
c
j
dW/dc
i
=C
ij
c
j
hay dW
2
/dc
i
dc
j
=C
ij
C
ij
= C
j

12
13
23
3
2
1
66 56 46 36 26 16
65 55 45 35 25 15
64 45 44 34 24 14
63 35 34 33 23 13
26 25 24 23 22 12
16 15 14 13 12 11
12
13
23
3
2
1

c
c
c
t
t
t
o
o
o
C C C C C C
C C C C C C
C C C C C C
C C C C C C
C C C C C C
C C C C C C

12
13
23
3
2
1
66 56 46 36 26 16
56 55 45 35 25 15
46 45 44 34 24 14
36 35 34 33 23 13
26 25 24 23 22 12
16 15 14 13 12 11
12
13
23
3
2
1
t
t
t
o
o
o

c
c
c
S S S S S S
S S S S S S
S S S S S S
S S S S S S
S S S S S S
S S S S S S
3.4.2. Tnh i xng ca ma trn cng
3.4. Quan h ng sut bin dng
(Chng 6)
Cc loi vt liu
3.4. Quan h ng sut bin dng
3.4.3. Vt liu n nghing c 1 mt i xng
3.4. Quan h ng sut bin dng

12
13
23
3
2
1
66 36 26 16
55 45
45 44
63 33 23 13
26 23 22 12
16 13 12 11
12
13
23
3
2
1
0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0

c
c
c
t
t
t
o
o
o
C C C C
C C
C C
C C C C
C C C C
C C C C
Vt liu n nghing - Monoclinic
13 hng s c lp
3.4.3. Vt liu n nghing c 1 mt i xng
3.4. Quan h ng sut bin dng
3.4.4. Vt liu trc hng c 3 mt i xng
3.4. Quan h ng sut bin dng
3.4.4. Vt liu trc hng c 3 mt i xng
3.4. Quan h ng sut bin dng
3.4.4. Vt liu trc hng c 3 mt i xng
3.4. Quan h ng sut bin dng

12
13
23
3
2
1
66
55
44
33 23 13
23 22 12
13 12 11
12
13
23
3
2
1
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0

c
c
c
t
t
t
o
o
o
C
C
C
C C C
C C C
C C C
a. Ma trn cng (9 hng s c lp)
b. Quan h gia C v S
3.4.4. Vt liu trc hng
S
S S S S
C
S
C
S
S S S
C
S
S S S S
C
S
C
S
S S S
C
S
S S S S
C
S
C
S
S S S
C
11 23 13 12
23
66
66
2
12 22 11
33
22 13 23 12
13
55
55
2
13 11 33
22
33 12 23 13
12
44
44
2
23 33 22
11
;
1
;
;
1
;
;
1
;

= =

=

= =

=

= =

=
13 23 12
2
12 33
2
13 22
2
23 11 33 22 11
2 S S S S S S S S S S S S S + =
(Trang 106)
c. Tnh ma trn cng qua modul k thut
3.4.4. Vt liu trc hng

66
55
44
33 32 31
23 22 21
13 12 11
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
C
C
C
C C C
C C C
C C C
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
13 31 32 23 21 12
12 66 13 55 23 44
3 21 12
33
3 13 21 23 2 31 12 32
23
2 31 13
22
3 23 12 13 1 32 21 31
13
2 13 32 12 1 23 31 21
12
1 32 23
11
1
1
1 1
1
1
1 1
1 1
1
1
u u u u u u u
u
u u
u
u u u
u
u u u
u
u u
u
u u u
u
u u u
u
u u u
u
u u u
u
u u
+ + =
= = =

=
G C G C G C
E
C
E E
C
E
C
E E
C
E E
C
E
C
d. Tnh ma trn mm qua modul k thut
3.4.4. Vt liu trc hng

66
55
44
33 32 31
23 22 21
13 12 11
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
S
S
S
S S S
S S S
S S S
12
66
13
55
23
44
3
33
2
23
32
1
13
31
3
32
23
2
22
1
12
21
3
31
13
2
21
12
1
11
1 1 1
1
1
1
G
S
G
S
G
S
E
S
E
S
E
S
E
S
E
S
E
S
E
S
E
S
E
S
= = =
= = =
= = =
= = =
u u
u u
u u
3.4.5. Vt liu trc hng trn xoay (ng hng ngang)
3.4. Quan h ng sut bin dng
3.4.5. Vt liu trc hng trn xoay (ng hng ngang)
3.4. Quan h ng sut bin dng

12
13
23
3
2
1
66
66
23 22
22 23 13
23 22 12
12 12 11
12
13
23
3
2
1
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0
2
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0

c
c
c
t
t
t
o
o
o
C
C
C C
C C C
C C C
C C C
a. Ma trn cng (4 hng s c lp)
b. Tnh ma trn cng qua modul k thut
3.4.5. Vt liu ng hng ngang

66
66
23 22
22 23 12
23 22 12
12 12 11
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0
2
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
C
C
C C
C C C
C C C
C C C
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
13 31 32 23 21 12
12 66
3 13 21 23 2 31 12 32
23
2 31 13
22
2 13 32 12 1 23 31 21
12
1 32 23
11
1 1
1
1
1 1
1
1
u u u u u u u
u
u u u
u
u u u
u
u u
u
u u u
u
u u u
u
u u
+ + =
=

=
G C
E E
C
E
C
E E
C
E
C
Vt liu ng hng
3.4. Quan h ng sut bin dng
( )
( )
( )

12
13
23
3
2
1
12 11
12 11
12 11
11 12 12
12 11 12
12 12 11
12
13
23
3
2
1
2
0 0 0 0 0
0
2
0 0 0 0
0 0
2
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0

c
c
c
t
t
t
o
o
o
C C
C C
C C
C C C
C C C
C C C
2 hng s c lp
3.5.1. ng sut v bin dng
3.5. Bi ton CHVR BD
3.5.2. Bin dng di - phng 1
3.5. Bi ton CHVR BD
1
1
13 1 13 3
1
3
13
1
1
12 1 12 2
1
2
12
1
1
1
E
E
E
o
u c u c
c
c
u
o
u c u c
c
c
u
o
c
= =
=
= =
=
=
3.5.3. Bin dng di - phng 2
3.5. Bi ton CHVR BD
2
2
23 2 23 3
2
3
23
2
2
21 2 21 1
2
1
21
2
2
2
E
E
E
o
u c u c
c
c
u
o
u c u c
c
c
u
o
c
= =
=
= =
=
=
3.5.4. Bin dng di - phng 3
3.5. Bi ton CHVR BD
3
3
31 3 31 1
3
1
31
3
3
32 3 32 2
3
2
32
3
3
3
E
E
E
o
u c u c
c
c
u
o
u c u c
c
c
u
o
c
= =
=
= =
=
=
3.5.5. Quan h ng sut bin dng di
3.5. Bi ton CHVR BD

3
2
1
3 2
23
1
13
3
32
2 1
12
3
31
2
21
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
o
o
o
u u
u u
u u
c
c
c
E E E
E E E
E E E
3.5.6. Trt mt phng 23
3.5. Bi ton CHVR BD
23 32
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
2
t t

c
o t

=
=
= =
m Equilibriu From
Strain Shear Tensor
G G
Strain Shear g Engineerin
3.5.7. Trt mt phng 13
3.5. Bi ton CHVR BD
13 13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
2
t t

c
o t

=
=
= =
m Equilibriu From
Strain Shear Tensor
G G
Strain Shear g Engineerin
3.5.8. Trt mt phng 12
3.5. Bi ton CHVR BD
21 12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
2
t t

c
o t

=
=
= =
m Equilibriu From
Strain Shear Tensor
G G
Strain Shear g Engineerin
3.5.9. Quan h bin dng - ng sut
3.5. Bi ton CHVR BD

12
13
23
3
2
1
12
13
23
3 2
23
1
13
3
23
2 1
12
3
31
2
21
1
12
13
23
3
2
1
1
0 0 0 0 0
0
1
0 0 0 0
0 0
1
0 0 0
0 0 0
1
0 0 0
1
0 0 0
1
t
t
t
o
o
o
v v
v v
v v

c
c
c
G
G
G
E E E
E E E
E E E
3.5.10. Quan h gia cc hng s vt liu
3.5. Bi ton CHVR BD
Othotropic
E E
E E
E E

=
=
=
3
32
2
23
3
31
1
13
2
21
1
12
u u
u u
u u
3.5.11. Tnh cht ca cc vt liu thnh phn
3.5. Bi ton CHVR BD

Graphite
AS4 & T300
Graphite
HMS & VS0032
Kevlar 49 E-Glass S-Glass
E
L
(GPa) 220 370 124 72.3 85.4
E
T
(GPa) 22 7.6 6.9 72.3 85.4
v
L
0.30 0.41 0.33 0.2 0.22
v
T
0.35 0.45 0.33 0.2 0.22
G
L
(GPa) 22 15.2 2.8 30.1 35.1
G
T
(GPa) 8.3 2.8 2.8 30.1 35.1
o
tu
L
(GPa) 2.8 1.2 2.8 3.4 4.5
c
tu
L
(GPa) 1.3 0.3 2.5 4.8 5.4
o
L
(10
-6
/
o
C) -1.3 -0.7 -1.8 12.0 12.0
o
T
(10
-6
/
o
C) 7.0 9.7 54 12.0 12.0
(g/cm
3
) 1.72 1.99 1.44 2.55 2.49
3.5.12. Hng s vt liu ca 1 s VLC
3.5. Bi ton CHVR BD
Graphite-Polymer Glass-Polymer Aluminum
E
1
(Gpa) 155.0 50.0 72.4
E
2
(Gpa) 12.10 15.20 72.4
E
3
(Gpa) 12.10 15.20 72.4
v
23
0.458 0.428 0.3
v
13
0.248 0.254 0.3
v
12
0.248 0.254 0.3
G
23
(Gpa) 3.20 3.28 27.8
G
13
(Gpa) 4.40 4.70 27.8
G
12
(Gpa) 4.40 4.70 27.8
o
1
(10
-6
/
o
C) -0.018 6.34 22.5
o
2
(10
-6
/
o
C) 24.3 23.3 22.5
o
3
(10
-6
/
o
C) 24.3 23.3 22.5
|
1
(10
-6
/%M) 146.0 434. 0
|
2
(10
-6
/%M) 4770 6320 0
|
3
(10
-6
/%M) 4770 6320 0
3.6.1. Gii thiu
3.6. Bi ton ng sut phng
Vt liu ct si c s dng cho cc kt cu dng
thanh, tm, v tr v mt s kt cu khc
c trng chung ca cc kt cu l kch thc hnh
hc 1 phng nh hn nhiu so vi 2 phng kia
3 trong s 6 thnh phn ng sut thng nh hn
nhiu so vi 3 thnh phn cn li
3.6.2. Cc sai s
3.6. Bi ton ng sut phng
Sai s khi phn tch ti cc im st bin
Cc ng sut o
3
, t
23
, t
13
dn n s tch lp
Cc mi lin kt c th khng c m hnh ha
Cht dnh kt hay vn tng tc xy ra c th khng c
nh gi
Mt s thnh phn ng sut c cho bng 0 m
khng tnh ton n ln ca chng.
Tnh km chnh xc t m hnh do coi c
3
= 0
3.6.3. Ma trn mm thu gn
3.6. Bi ton ng sut phng

(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(

12
2
1
66
55
44
33 32 31
23 22 21
13 12 11
12
13
23
3
2
1
0
0
0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
t
o
o

c
c
c
S
S
S
S S S
S S S
S S S

(
(
(

12
2
1
66
22 21
12 11
12
2
1
0 0
0
0
t
o
o

c
c
S
S S
S S
12
66
2
22
2
21
1
12
12
1
11
1
1
1
G
S
E
S
E E
S
E
S
=
=
= =
=
u u
3.6.4. Ma trn cng thu gn
3.6. Bi ton ng sut phng

12
13
23
3
2
1
66
55
44
33 32 31
23 22 21
13 12 11
12
2
1
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0
0
0

c
c
c
t
o
o
C
C
C
C C C
C C C
C C C
2
33
23
1
33
13
3 3 33 2 23 1 13
0 c c c c c c
C
C
C
C
C C C = + + =
2
33
2
23
22 1
33
23 13
12 2
2
33
23 13
12 1
33
2
13
11 1
c c o
c c o
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
C
C
C
C
C C
C
C
C C
C
C
C
C
3.6.4. Ma trn cng thu gn
3.6. Bi ton ng sut phng

(
(
(

12
2
1
66
22 21
12 11
12
2
1
0 0
0
0

c
c
t
o
o
Q
Q Q
Q Q
12
66
66 66
21 12
2
2
12 22 11
11
33
2
23
22 22
21 12
1 21
21 12
2 12
2
12 22 11
12
33
23 13
12 12
21 12
1
2
12 22 11
22
33
2
13
11 11
1
1
1 1
1
G
S
C Q
E
S S S
S
C
C
C Q
E E
S S S
S
C
C C
C Q
E
S S S
S
C
C
C Q
= = =

=

= =

=

= =

=

= =
u u
u u
u
u u
u
u u
3.7.1. Gii thiu
3.7. Composite lch trc
Chng 10
a. Ma trn chuyn i h c s ng sut
3.7. Composite lch trc

(
(
(

xy
y
x
t
o
o
u u u u u u
u u u u
u u u u
t
o
o
2 2
2 2
2 2
12
2
1
sin cos cos sin cos sin
cos sin 2 cos sin
cos sin 2 sin cos
| |
(
(
(

=
2 2
2 2
2 2
2
2
n m mn mn
mn m n
mn n m
T
o
b. Ma trn nghch o
3.7. Composite lch trc

(
(
(

12
2
1
2 2
2 2
2 2
sin cos cos sin cos sin
cos sin 2 cos sin
cos sin 2 sin cos
t
o
o
u u u u u u
u u u u
u u u u
t
o
o
xy
y
x
| |
(
(
(

2 2
2 2
2 2
1
2
2
n m mn mn
mn m n
mn n m
T
o
c. Ma trn chuyn i h c s bin dng
3.7. Composite lch trc

(
(
(

xy
y
x

c
c
u u u u u u
u u u u
u u u u

c
c
2
1
sin cos cos sin cos sin
cos sin 2 cos sin
cos sin 2 sin cos
2
1
2 2
2 2
2 2
12
2
1
| |
(
(
(

=
2 2
2 2
2 2
2
2
n m mn mn
mn m n
mn n m
T
c
3. 7.1. Biu thc chuyn i h c s
3.7. Composite lch trc
| | | |
1
66
22 12
12 11
66
22 12
12 11
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
0

(
(
(

=
(
(
(

o c
T
S
S S
S S
T
S
S S
S S
| | | |
1
66
22 12
12 11
66
22 12
12 11
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
0

(
(
(

=
(
(
(

c o
T
C
C C
C C
T
C
C C
C C
a. Ma trn mm
3. 7.1. Biu thc chuyn i h c s

(
(
(

xy
y
x
xy
y
x
S S S
S S S
S S S
t
o
o

c
c
66 26 12
26 22 12
16 12 11
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
4 4
66
2 2
66 12 22 11 66
3
66 12 22
3
66 12 11 26
4
22
2 2
66 12
4
11 22
3
66 12 22
3
66 12 11 16
4 4
12
2 2
66 12 11 12
4
22
2 2
66 12
4
11 11
4 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2
2 2 2 2
2
m n S m n S S S S S
m n S S S m n S S S S
m S m n S S n S S
m n S S S m n S S S S
m n S m n S S S S
n S m n S S m S S
+ + + =
=
+ + + =
+ =
+ + + =
+ + + =
b. Ma trn cng
3. 7.1. Biu thc chuyn i h c s

(
(
(

xy
y
x
xy
y
x
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
Q Q Q

c
c
t
o
o
66 26 12
26 22 12
16 12 11
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
4 4
66
2 2
66 12 22 11 66
3
66 22 12
3
66 12 11 26
4
22
2 2
66 12
4
11 22
3
66 22 12
3
66 12 11 16
4 4
12
2 2
66 22 11 12
4
22
2 2
66 12
4
11 11
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
4
2 2
m n Q m n Q Q Q Q Q
m n Q Q Q m n Q Q Q Q
m Q m n Q Q n Q Q
m n Q Q Q m n Q Q Q Q
m n Q m n Q Q Q Q
n Q m n Q Q m Q Q
+ + + =
+ + =
+ + + =
+ =
+ + + =
+ + + =
c. S bin thin ca cc thnh phn theo u
3. 7.1. Biu thc chuyn i h c s
Graphite-Epoxy
d. p ng ca vt liu vi o
x
v t
xy

e. p ng ca vt liu vi c
x
v
x

f. Chuyn i cc hng s k thut
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2
12
12
1
12
4 4
12
2
1
2
2 2
21
12
2
4
2 2
12
2
1
2
4 4
21
4
1
2
2 2
12
12
2
4
2
2
2
1
2 2
12
12
1
4
2 2
12
1
2
1
4 4
12
4
2
1
2 2
12
12
1
4
1
1 2 2 1 2 2
2
1
2
2
1
2
m n
E
G
E
G
m n
G
G
n
E
E
m n
G
E
m
m n
G
E
E
E
m n
n
E
E
m n
G
E
m
E
E
n
E
E
m n
G
E
m
m n
G
E
E
E
m n
n
E
E
m n
G
E
m
E
E
xy
yx
y
xy
x
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ + + +
=
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
+

|
|
.
|

\
|
+ +
=
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
=
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
+

|
|
.
|

\
|
+ +
=
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
=
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
g. Php chuyn i cc h s o v |
( )
3
2 2
2 1
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
1
sin cos 2
cos sin
sin cos
o o
u u o o o
u o u o o
u o u o o
=
=
+ =
+ =
z
xy
y
x
( )
3
2 2
2 1
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
1
sin cos 2
cos sin
sin cos
| |
u u | | |
u | u | |
u | u | |
=
=
+ =
+ =
z
xy
y
x
3.7.2. Quan h ng sut bin dng

(
(
(

A A
A A
A A
xy
y
x
xy xy xy
y y y
x x x
S S S
S S S
S S S
M T
M T
M T
t
o
o
| o
| o c
| o c
66 26 12
26 22 12
16 12 11
3.8. L thuyt tm kinh in
nh hng ca phng si, trt t xp lp, c tnh vt
liu v nhng yu t khc n ng x c hc ca kt cu
3.8.1. S tm nhiu lp
3.8. L thuyt tm kinh in
Chiu dy tm H
Chiu dy lp h
Cc lp ko cng dy
Lp th k h
k

x-y l mt trung bnh
Trc z vung gc mt
phng tm, hng
xung di
Cc gc phng si
c xc nh theo trc
x
3.8.2. Quy c t tn lp
3.8. L thuyt tm kinh in
Lp 1 c ta -z
max
Lp N c ta +z
max
phn loi 1 tm
da vo tnh i xng
qua mt phng trung
bnh
Tnh cht vt liu
Phng si
dy ca lp
| |
| |
T
s
45 / 45 / 0 / 0 / 45 / 45
0 / 45
+ +

3.8.3. Cc gii thuyt ca Kirchhoff
3.8. L thuyt tm kinh in
Dm, tm, v
Kim loi, g, btng v cc loi vt liu khc
3.8.3. Cc gii thuyt ca Kirchhoff
3.8. L thuyt tm kinh in
Ti trng
Mmen tp trung, M
Lc phn b, q
Lc trong mt phng, N
Lc tp trung, P
Vi bi ton tm nhiu lp:
Vt liu nhiu lp ct si
Si song song vi mt phng
tm
Gn kt gia cc lp c coi
l hon ho
3.8.3. Cc gii thuyt ca Kirchhoff
3.8. L thuyt tm kinh in
Trc bin dng php
tuyn AA ca mt trung
bnh l ng thng
Di tc dng ca ti
trng gy un, AA vn
duy tr l ng thng v
vung gc vi mt
phng trung bnh sau
bin dng v khng thay
i v kch thc di
3.8.3. H qu gi thuyt Kichhoff trong mt phng X-Z
Khng c bin dng theo
phng z
Bin dng l nh
Hai chuyn v di
u
o
theo phng x
w
o
theo phng z
Mt chuyn v gc quanh
trc y


x
w
o
c
c

3.8. L thuyt tm kinh in

3.8.4. Trng chuyn v trong cc mt phng XZ v YZ
3.8. L thuyt tm kinh in
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( ) y x w z y x w
x
y x w
z y x u z y x u
o
o
o
, , ,
,
, , ,
=
c
c
=
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( ) y x w z y x w
y
y x w
z y x v z y x v
o
o
o
, , ,
,
, , ,
=
c
c
=
Quan h gia bin dng chuyn v trong
l thuyt n hi
z
u
x
w
z
w
y
w
z
v
y
v
y
u
x
v
x
u
zx z
yz y
xy x
c
c
+
c
c
=
c
c
=
c
c
+
c
c
=
c
c
=
c
c
+
c
c
=
c
c
=
c
c
c
3.8.5. Trng bin dng
3.8. L thuyt tm kinh in
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
y x
y x w
z
y
y x u
x
y x v
y
z y x u
x
z y x v
z y x
x
y x w
x
y x w
z
z y x u
x
z y x w
z y x
y
y x w
y
y x w
z
z y x v
y
z y x w
z y x
z
y x w
z
z y x w
z y x
y
y x w
z
y
y x v
y
z y x v
z y x
x
y x w
z
x
y x u
x
z y x u
z y x
o o o
xy
o o
xz
o o
yz
o
z
o o
y
o o
x
c c
c

c
c
+
c
c
=
c
c
+
c
c

=
c
c

c
c
=
c
c
+
c
c

=
c
c

c
c
=
c
c
+
c
c

=
c
c
=
c
c

c
c

c
c
=
c
c

c
c

c
c
=
c
c

) , (
2
, , , , , ,
, ,
0
, , , , , ,
, ,
0
, , , , , ,
, ,
0
, , ,
, ,
) , ( , , ,
, ,
) , ( , , ,
, ,
2
2
2
2
2

c
c
c
3.8.5. Trng bin dng
3.8. L thuyt tm kinh in
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
y x
y x w
y x
y
y x u
x
y x v
y x
y
y x w
y x
y
y x v
y x
x
y x w
y x
x
y x u
y x
o
o
xy
o o
o
xy
o
o
y
o
o
y
o
o
x
o
o
x
c c
c
=
c
c
+
c
c
=
c
c
=
c
c
=
c
c
=
c
c
=
,
2 ,
, ,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
2
2
2
2
2
k
k c
k c
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) 0 , , ; 0 , , ; 0 , ,
, , , ,
, , , ,
, , , ,
= = =
+ =
+ =
+ =
z y x z y x z y x
y x z y x z y x
y x z y x z y x
y x z y x z y x
xz yz z
o
xy
o
xy xy
o
y
o
y y
o
x
o
x x
c
k
k c c
k c c
3.8.6. Trng ng sut
3.8. L thuyt tm kinh in

+
+
+
(
(
(

o
xy
o
xy
o
y
o
y
o
x
o
x
xy
y
x
z
z
z
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
k
k c
k c
t
o
o
66 26 12
26 22 12
16 12 11
V d 1
ng sut, bin dng cc lp ca tm [0/90]
s
(c
x
=1000)
V d 1
ng sut, bin dng cc lp ca tm [0/90]
s
(c
x
=1000)
V d 1
ng sut, bin dng cc lp ca tm nhm (c
x
=1000)
V d 2
ng sut, bin dng cc lp ca tm [0/90]
s
(k
x
o
=3.33 m
-1
)
V d 2
ng sut, bin dng cc lp ca tm [0/90]
s
(k
x
o
=3.33 m
-1
)
V d 2
ng sut, bin dng cc lp ca tm nhm (k
x
o
=3.33 m
-1
)
Nhn xt

ng sut trong mi lp bin thin dc theo chiu dy
ca lp
It is convenient to define stresses in terms of
equivalent forces acting at the middle surface
Stresses at the edge can be broken into increments
and summed
The resulting integral is defined as the stress resultant,
N
i
[force per length]

3.8.7. Biu thc xc nh lc v m men
3.8. L thuyt tm kinh in
}
}
}
}
}
}

=
=
=
=
=
=
2 /
2 /
2 /
2 /
2 /
2 /
2 /
2 /
2 /
2 /
2 /
2 /
h
h
xy xy
h
h
y y
h
h
x x
h
h
xy xy
h
h
y y
h
h
x x
zdz M
zdz M
zdz M
dz N
dz N
dz N
t
o
o
t
o
o
bend
bend
twist
3.8.7. Biu thc xc nh lc v m men
3.8. L thuyt tm kinh in
zdz
M
M
M
dz
N
N
N
k
n
k
h
h
xy
y
x
xy
y
x
k
n
k
h
h
xy
y
x
xy
y
x
k
k
k
k

}
=
=

(
(
(

=
(
(
(

(
(
(

=
(
(
(

0
0
1
1
t
o
o
t
o
o
3.8.7. Biu thc xc nh lc v m men
3.8. L thuyt tm kinh in

} }

} }
=
=

(
(
(

(
(
(

+
(
(
(

(
(
(

=
(
(
(

(
(
(

(
(
(

+
(
(
(

(
(
(

=
(
(
(

n
k
h
h
h
h
o
xy
o
y
o
x
k
o
xy
o
y
o
x
k
xy
y
x
n
k
h
h
h
h
o
xy
o
y
o
x
k
o
xy
o
y
o
x
k
xy
y
x
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
k
dz z
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
zdz
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
M
M
M
zdz
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
dz
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
N
N
N
0
2
66 26 16
26 22 12
16 12 11
66 26 16
26 22 12
16 12 11
0
66 26 16
26 22 12
16 12 11
66 26 16
26 22 12
16 12 11
1 1
1 1
k
k
k

c
c
k
k
k

c
c
a vo quan h ng sut bin dng
3.8.7. Biu thc xc nh lc v m men
3.8. L thuyt tm kinh in
( ) ( )
( ) ( )

=

=

(
(
(

(
(
(

+
(
(
(

(
(
(

=
(
(
(

(
(
(

(
(
(

+
(
(
(

(
(
(

=
(
(
(

n
k
k k
o
xy
o
y
o
x
k
k k
o
xy
o
y
o
x
k
xy
y
x
n
k
k k
o
xy
o
y
o
x
k
k k
o
xy
o
y
o
x
k
xy
y
x
h h
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
h h
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
M
M
M
h h
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
h h
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
Q Q Q
N
N
N
0
3
1
3
66 26 16
26 22 12
16 12 11
2
1
2
66 26 16
26 22 12
16 12 11
0
2
1
2
66 26 16
26 22 12
16 12 11
1
66 26 16
26 22 12
16 12 11
3
1
2
1
2
1
k
k
k

c
c
k
k
k

c
c
Ly tch phn theo chiu dy lp
3.8.7. Biu thc xc nh lc v m men
3.8. L thuyt tm kinh in
nh ngha cc i lng cng lp
| | ( )
| | ( )
| | ( )
3
1
3
0
2
1
2
0
1
0
3
1
2
1

=
=
=
=

k k
k
n
k
ij ij
k k
k
n
k
ij ij
k k
k
n
k
ij ij
h h Q D
h h Q B
h h Q A
3.8.8. Phng trnh ng x c hc ca tm nhiu lp
3.8. L thuyt tm kinh in

(
(
(
(
(
(
(

xy
y
x
o
xy
o
y
o
x
xy
y
x
xy
y
x
D D D B B B
D D D B B B
D D D B B B
B B B A A A
B B B A A A
B B B A A A
M
M
M
N
N
N
k
k
k

c
c
66 26 16 66 26 16
26 22 12 26 22 12
16 12 11 16 12 11
66 26 16 66 26 16
26 22 12 26 22 12
16 12 11 16 12 11
Symmetric Laminates
For every layer to one side of the laminate reference
surface with a specific thickness, material
properties, and fiber orientation, there is another
layer an identical distance on the opposite side
All components of [B] are zero
6x6 set of equations decouples into two 3x3 sets of
equations
Balanced Laminates
For every layer with a specified thickness,
material properties, and fiber orientation, there is
another layer with the identical thickness,
material properties, but opposite fiber orientation
somewhere in the laminate
If a laminate is balanced, A
16
and A
26
are always
zero
Q
16
& Q
26
from opposite orientation have opposite
signs
Effective Engineering Properties of a
Laminate
11
12
yx
22
12
xy
66
x
11
2
12 22 11
y
22
2
12 22 11
x
A
A
A
A
h
A
G
h A
A A A
E
h A
A A A
E
u
u