America in Vietnam 1961 to 1963

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1. What was the Containment theory? 1 mark The theory that Kennedy and America should (needed to) contain the spread of communism by defeating the North Vietnamese. 2. What was the Domino Theory? 1 That once one Eastern country fell to communism, the rest would follow one by one. 3. How did the Cold War influence the conflict in Vietnam? (give 2 ways) 2 It heightened tensions over the world but it made the situation in Vietnam worse because it made the Americans in more of a rush to stop the spread of communism because of events like the bay of pigs incident. 4. Why did Kennedy become involved in Vietnam? (give 4 reasons) 4 Because Eisenhower was involved Because he shared many of Eisenhowers advisors Because he believed that communism must be stopped Because it meant that the USA could indirectly combat Russia. 5. How did Kennedy increase American involvement in Vietnam? (give 3 ways) 3 He increased millitray advisors He gave further advice to Diem He set up the Strategic Hamlets 6. What role did Robert McNamara play in Kennedys government? 1 Defense Secretary 7. What role did Dean Rusk play in Kennedys government? 1 Home Secretary 8. What happened at the Bay of Pigs? 1 The US discovered some of Russias nuclear missiles on a sight at the bay of pigs in Cuba and they had to negotiate with Russia to have them removed which brought the world to the brink of nuclear warfare. 9. What was the Strategic Hamlets program? 1 It was the Americans attempt at stopping the spread of communism in Vietman by building small townlets which supposedly had no communists in them and could therefore not receive the concept of it. 10. Why was the Strategic Hamlets program ineffective? (give 2 reasons) 2 Because ultimately you cant tell by someones appearance whether or not they are a communist. 11. What happened at Ap Bac (Jan 1963)? 1 12. Why was this significant to the American army? 1

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13. What role did Ambassador Lodge play in Vietnam? 1 He was Americas ambassador to Vietnam 14. Why was Diem assassinated in 1963? (give 3 reasons) 3 Because he was a rubbish leader Because he discriminated against the main religions in Vietnam Because hed ignored American advice and therefore alienated himself from their protection. 15. What impact did Diems assassination have on Vietnam? 1

It made it easier for the communists to break through to the South at a time of political instability. It also gave the country new hope and a better view on communists. 16. What was the situation in Vietnam at Kennedys death in Nov 1963? 1 They were on the brink of war with America and the American military was heavily involved. 17. How was religion a key issue in Vietnam? 1 Religion is an important part of any countries history and Vietnamss is ancient and is a key part to lots of peoples lives. Diem prosecuted this which obviously turned people against him. The Americans advised him against it but he ignored them anyway. 18. What role did Madame Nhu play in growing tensions? 1 She made many religionist comments against the people in Vietnam and said she would happily provide the lighter fluid for more monks to burn themselves. 19. Why were the North Vietnamese able to win support across Vietnam? (3 reasons) 3 Because the public didnt have faith in the Diem Government Because communism would make some of them richer Because the Vietnamese people misunderstood what the Americans were trying to do there. 20.How far do you think Kennedy was responsible for the growing American involvement in Vietnam? 10 marks 20. Kennedy put more military advisors in Vietnam so he was obviously unsure as to whether or not to intervene with US military forces. He also laid the plans for the later land troop involvement. Kennedy was advised by many of Eisenhowers advisors and so he had the previous views forced upon him. He basically made all the ground plans for what happened in Vietnam after his death. I dont think he was very responsible because he didnt actually make that many decisions to make their involvement grow; he was only president for 3 years so he didnt really have a chance to. The majority of the decisions were made by the following government even though Kennedy would probably have made the same decisions had he have lived.

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