12/16/2011

1
K THUT ANTEN V TRUYN SNG
Ta Tuyen
Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications,
VNU University of Engineering and Technology
CHNG I: CC KHI NIM C BN
Vector
H ta
Cc thnh phn vi phn v tch phn
Cc ton t tuyn tnh
Trng
Cc i lng c trng
Cc nh lut c bn ca trng in t
Dng in dch-H pt Maxwell
iu kin bin
VECTOR
A, VECTOR
Vector A

Phng (Direction)
ln (Magnitude)
V d:
Tc
Gia tc

A

12/16/2011
2
B, VECTOR C S
Vector c s o
C ln bng n v
o = {o
1
, o
2
, , o
n
]
Dng biu din 1 vector theo cc thnh phn ca n
E
x
E
x
E
x
x
y
z
0
C, NHN V HNG (DOT PRODUCT)
L 1 gi tr
S dng tm gc gia 2 vector
D, NHN C HNG (CROSS PRODUCT)
L 1 vector
Hng: vung gc vi vector A

v B
S dng tm vector n v trc giao vi 2 vector A

v B
D, NHN C HNG (CROSS PRODUCT)
M rng:
Tng qut
12/16/2011
3
E, NHN HN HP F, V D
Cho
Tnh
H TA
A, H TA KHNG GIAN
Vector n v
Quy tc bn tay phi
12/16/2011
4
B, TA VECTOR C, BIN I T VECTOR P
1
SANG P
2
D, H TA TR
Vector n v
Quy tc bn tay phi
E, H TA CU
Vector n v
Quy tc bn tay phi
12/16/2011
5
F, BIN I GIA CC H TA
H TA KHNG GIAN H TA TR
F, BIN I GIA CC H TA
H TA KHNG GIAN H TA CU
CC THNH PHN VI PHN V
TCH PHN
A, CNG THC
12/16/2011
6
B, THNH PHN VI PHN TRONG H TA
KHNG GIAN
B, THNH PHN VI PHN TRONG H TA
KHNG GIAN
B, THNH PHN VI PHN TRONG H TA
TR
B, THNH PHN VI PHN TRONG H TA
TR
12/16/2011
7
C, THNH PHN VI PHN TRONG H TA
CU
C, THNH PHN VI PHN TRONG H TA
CU
D, TCH PHN NG
Di chuyn 1 in tch t A ti B trong 1 trng in E
Tch phn ng
Tch phn ng cong knh
D, TCH PHN NG
V d:
Tm
Tr li
(0,0,0)(1,0,0)
12/16/2011
8
D, TCH PHN NG
(1,0,0) (1,2,0) (1,2,0) (1,2,3)
E, TCH PHN MT
Thng lng ca 1 vector qua 1 mt S
E, TCH PHN MT
V d
F, TCH PHN KHI
12/16/2011
9
TON T TUYN TNH
A, TON T GRADIENT
Ton t grad ca 1 trng v hng:
Chuyn 1 trng v hng thnh 1 trng vector
Hng vector biu din hng thay i nhanh nht ca
trng vi ln tng ng
A, TON T GRAD
V d:
B, TON T DIVERGENCE
Ton t div ca 1 trng v hng:
o mc pht (ra) hay thu (vo) ca trng vect ti mt
im cho trc. Mt cch chnh xc hn, div tng trng cho
mt th tch ca mt thng lng i ra khi trng vect
t mt th tch rt nh xung quanh mt im cho trc.
12/16/2011
10
B, TON T DIVERGENCE
V d
B, TON T DIVERGENCE
nh l
Tm li:
Ji: E > u: I l ngun
Ji: E > u:I l ch
Ji: E = u
C, TON T ROTATES
Ton t rot ca 1 trng vector:
L mt ton t vect m t xoy ca mt trng vect. Ti bt k
im no trn trng vect, rot c biu th bng mt vect. Cc
thuc tnh ca vect ny ( di v hng) ni ln bn cht ca
xoy ti im .
Hng ca rot l trc xoay, nh bi lut bn tay phi, v ln ca
rot l ln ca mc xoy. Nu trng vect tng trng cho
vn tc chy ca mt cht lng ang lu chuyn, th rot s l mt
xoy ca cht lng . Mt trng vect vi rot bng zero c gi
l khng xoy.
C, TON T ROTATES
V d:
12/16/2011
11
C, TON T ROTATES
nh l Stokes
Tm li:
Rot l mt ton t vect m t xoy ca mt trng vect
Hng ca rot l trc xoay, nh bi lut bn tay phi, v
ln ca rot l ln ca mc xoy.
D, TON T LAPLACE
Ton t laplace ca 1 trng v hng
Ton t Laplace ca 1 trng vector
E, MI QUAN H GIA CC TON T
TRNG
12/16/2011
12
A, TRNG B, TRNG IN T
Trng in t: 1 dng vt cht, tn ti xung quanh cc
vt mang in tch ng yn hay chuyn ng.
Trng in v trng t: 2 mt phn chia ca trng
in t
in tch:
ng yn trng in
Chuyn ng trng t
B, TRNG IN T C, TRNG IN
Mt in tch im t bn
cnh vt mang in, chu
tc ng ca 1 lc
Ta ni bn ngoi vt mang
in tn ti 1 trng in,
c trng bi:
12/16/2011
13
C, MT IN THNG D, TRNG T
in tch im nu
chuyn ng bn cnh 1
nam chm: chu tc ng
ca 1 lc
Ta ni bn ngoi nam
chm tn ti 1 trng gi
l trng t, c trng bi
D, TRNG T
CC I LNG C TRNG
12/16/2011
14
A, I LNG C TRNG CHO CHT MANG
IN (CM) B, C TRNG CHO TRNG IN T
C, C TRNG CHO TNG TC
Phn cc in trong in mi
C, C TRNG CHO TNG TC
Phn cc t trong t mi
12/16/2011
15
C, C TRNG CHO TNG TC
Tiu tn cng sut trong mi trng dn
CC NH LUT C BN CA
TRNG IN T
A, NH LUT BO TON IN TCH B, NH LUT GAUSS V IN
12/16/2011
16
C, NH LUT GAUSS V T D, NH LUT AMPRE
E, NH LUT CM NG FARADAY E, NH LUT CM NG FARADAY
12/16/2011
17
DNG IN DCH- H PT
MAXWELL
A, DNG IN DCH
A, DNG IN DCH B, H PT MAXWELL
12/16/2011
18
IU KIN BIN
A, IU KIN BIN
B, IU KIN BIN I VI THNH PHN PHP
TUYN
B, IU KIN BIN I VI THNH PHN PHP
TUYN
12/16/2011
19
B, IU KIN BIN I VI THNH PHN TIP
TUYN
B, IU KIN BIN I VI THNH PHN TIP
TUYN
TM LI