S GIO DC V O TO

HI DNG
CHNH THC

K THI CHN HC SINH

GII TNH
Lp 12 THPT nm hc 2012
2013
Mn thi : Ha hc
Thi gian lm bi: 180 pht
( thi gm 02 trang)
Cu I (2 im)
1. Nu hin tng v vit phng trnh phn ng trong cc th nghim sau:
a. Sc kh H2S vo dung dch CuCl2.
b. Cho dung dch Na2CO3 vo dung dch AlCl3.
c. Cho Fe3O4 vo dung dch HI, sau cho vo dung dch sau phn ng mt t h tinh bt.
d. Cho t t dung dch NH3 n d vo dung dch CuSO4.
2. Xc nh cng thc cc cht v vit phng trnh phn ng biu din theo s bin
ho sau:
+ H2 ,
+ H2SO4 +
+A
Y
Z
X
0
t
Q 0
t
+A
+ Fe,
K
M +B
Fe +
N
L
X
0
Y
t
+ D,
+A
+ H2 O
X
Y
Z +P+
0
t
H2O
Cu II (2 im)
1. Cho hn hp X gm Glyxin v Alanin tham gia phn ng iu kin thch hp thu
c cc sn phm ipeptit. Vit phng trnh phn ng v gi tn sn phm to thnh.
2. Cho dy bin ho sau:
Al4C3

polivinylanc
ol

Cao su
Buna
Xc nh cc cht A, B, C, D, E, F, G v vit cc phng trnh phn ng (ghi r
iu kin nu c).
Cu III (2 im)
1. Cho hn hp X gm FeCO3, FeS2 tc dng va vi dung dch HNO 3 c, nng thu
c dung dch Y (cha Fe(NO3)3; H2SO4) v 22,4 lt hn hp kh Z gm hai kh (ktc).
Pha long dung dch Y bng nc ct thu c 2 lt dung dch c pH = 1.
a. Vit phng trnh phn ng v tnh khi lng hn hp X.
1
G

b. Dung dch Y ho tan ti a m gam Fe, tnh m.

(Bit sn phm kh ca N+5 l NO2)
2. iu ch 2,8 tn nha PE (poliletilen) cn dng m tn g (cha 50% xenluloz v
khi lng). Bit hiu sut c qu trnh iu ch bng 80%. Vit cc phng trnh phn
ng iu ch v tnh m.
Cu IV (2 im)
Chia 16,68 gam hn hp X gm Fe v kim loi R (ho tr khng i) thnh ba phn bng nhau.
Phn 1 cho vo dung dch HCl d, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton ch thu
c dung dch v 3,136 lt H2.
Phn 2 cho vo dung dch HNO 3 long, d sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu
c 2,688 lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht). Cc th tch kh o ktc.
1. Xc nh kim loi R v tnh thnh phn phn trm khi lng mi kim loi trong hn
hp ban u.
2. Cho phn 3 vo V lt dung dch CuSO4 1M, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu
c 8,64 gam cht rn. Tnh V.
Cu V (2 im)
Cho 44,8 gam cht hu c A (cha C, H, O v A tc dng c vi Na) tc dng va
vi dung dch NaOH, dung dch thu c ch cha hai cht hu c B, D. C cn
dung dch thu c 39,2 gam cht B v 26 gam cht D.
- t chy 39,2 gam B thu c 13,44 lt CO2; 10,8 gam H2O v 21,2 gam Na2CO3.
- t chy 26 gam D thu c 29,12 lt CO2; 12,6 gam H2O v 10,6 gam Na2CO3.
Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, cc kh o ktc.
1. Xc nh cng thc phn t, cng thc cu to B, D. Bit cng thc phn t A, B, D
u trng cng thc n gin nht.
2. Xc nh cng thc cu to A.
Cho nguyn t khi cc nguyn t: H = 1; C = 12; O = 16; S = 32;
Na = 23; Al = 27; Fe = 56; Cu = 64.
------- Ht --------

H v tn th sinh:S bo danh:.......
Ch k gim th s 1:.............Ch k gim th s 2:

S Gio dc v o to
Hi Dng
=========

P N
K THI CHN HC SINH GII TNH HI DNG

Lp 12 THPT nm hc 2012 2013

==================
Mn thi : Ha hc

CHNH THC

Cu
1

1
(1
)

2
(1
)

P N

a. Hin tng: c kt ta en
CuCl2 + H2S CuS + 2HCl
b. Hin tng: c kt ta keo trng v kh thot ra
2AlCl3 + 3H2O + 3Na2CO3 2Al(OH)3 + 3CO2 + 6NaCl
c. Hin tng: Cht rn tan, dung dch c mu xanh khi cho h tinh
bt vo
Fe3O4 +8HI 3FeI2 + I2 + 4H2O
I2 + h tinh bt mu xanh
d. Hin tng: ban u c kt ta xanh, sau kt ta tan to dung
dch xanh lam
CuSO4 + 2NH3 +2H2O Cu(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4
Cu(OH)2 + 4NH3 [Cu(NH3)4](OH)2
Xc nh ng cc cht trong phng trnh c 0,25 im, nu cc
cht trong phng trnh sai tr 0,125im
Y: Cl2 +H2
2HCl
X
(X)
(Y)
Z: HCl + KOH
KCl + H2O
Y
(Y)
(A)
(Z)
X:
Z
5Cl2 +6K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 8H2O
10KCl + 2KMnO4 + 8H2SO4
(Z)
(Q)
(X)
t
X
K: 3Cl2 + 2Fe
2FeCl3
0

im
0,25
0,25
0,25

0,25

0
,25
0,25

0,25

(X)
(K)
L: FeCl3 + 3KOH
Fe(OH)3 + 3KCl
K
(K)
(A)
(L)
t
L
M: 2Fe(OH)3
Fe2O3 +3H2O
(L)
(M)
0

t
M
Fe: Fe2O3 + 3COd
2Fe + 3CO2
0

(M)
(B)
N: Fe + 2HCl
FeCl2 + H2
Fe
3

(Y)
(N)

Y: Cl2 + H2O HCl + HClO

X

0,25

(X)
(Y)
t
Y
X: 4HClc + MnO2
MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O
(Y)
(D)
(X)
X
Z + P + H2O:
Cl2 + 2KOH
KCl + KClO + H2O
(X)
(A)
(Z)
(P)
1
2
2CH
-COOH
2

CH2-CO-NH-CH2NH
COOH
2

(1

NH2 )

0,25

+ H2 O

(Gly-Gly)

2CH3-CH-COOH
NH2

CH3-CH-CO-NH-CHNH2
COOH
CH

(Ala-Ala)

CH3-CH-COOH

0,25

CH2-COOH CH3-CH-COOH
+H2
N
NH2
CH2-COOH
+H2
N

0,25

+ H2O

CH3-CH-CO-NH-CH2NH2
COOH

(Ala-Gly)

+
H2O

CH2-CO-NH-CH-COOH +
H2O
NH2
CH

NH2

0,25

(Gly-Ala)
2 Al4C3A: Al4C3 + 12H2O 4Al(OH)3 + 3CH4
(1
(A)
)

AB:

1500 C
CH CH + 3H2
2CH4
LLN
0

(A)
BC:

(B)

xt
CH CH + CH3COOH
CH3COOCH=CH2

(B)

CD:

0,25

(C)

0,25

t ,p

nCH3COOCH=CH(CH
2
-xt

(C)

CH)nOOC-CH

(D)

Dpolivinylancol:

(CH2CH)nOOC-CH

t
+ nNaOH

(CH -
0

(D)

+ nCH3COONa

CH)n OH

polivinylancol
4

2+

H , Hg
CH3CHO
CH CH + H2O
80 C

BE:

(B)
EF:

0,25

(E)
0

Ni ,t
CH3CHO + H2
C2H5OH

(E)

(F)

Al O / ZnO
CH2=CH-CH=CH2 + H2 + 2H2O
2C2H5OH
450

FG:

2 3

(F)
G Cao su Buna:

0,25

(G)

t ,p
(CH
-CH=CH

nCH2=CH-CH=CH
2
2 xt
CH2)n
(G)
Cao su Buna
0

Ch : Hc sinh c th c cch lm khc nhau, nu ng vn cho

im ti a. Nu hc sinh khng xc nh cc cht th tr na s
im ca phn .
3

(1
)

0,25

a (0,5)
FeCO3 + 4HNO3
Fe(NO3)3 + CO2 + NO2 + 2H2O (1)
0,125

0,125

0,125 0,125

FeS2 + 18HNO3
Fe(NO3)3 + 2H2SO4 + 15NO2 + 7H2O (2)
0,05
0,05
0,1
0,75
V pH = 1=> [H+] = 0,1=> nH = 0, 2mol nH SO = 0,1mol
+

0,25

Theo (2) c: nNO = 0, 75mol nFeS = 0, 05mol

2

Gi nFeCO = x = nCO = nNO => nZ = 2 x + 0, 75 = 1 x = 0,125mol

3

2 ( 2)

=> m = mFeCO + mFeS = 116 0,125 + 120 0, 05 = 20,5 gam

b (0,5)
Dung dch Y gm: Fe(NO3)3: 0,175 mol ; H2SO4: 0,1 mol
hay dung dch Y c cha: Fe3+ : 0,175 mol; NO3-: 0,525mol; H+ :0,2 mol.
Y ho tan ti a m gam Fe khi dung dch thu c mui Fe2+, xy ra cc
phn ng sau:
3

0,25

Fe + 4H+ + 2 NO3
Fe2+ + 2NO2 + 2H2O
0,05 0,2 0,1
Fe + 2Fe3+
3Fe2+

0,25

0,0875 0,175 mol

(1

nFe = 0,1375 mol => mFe = 7,7 gam

(C6H10O5)n + nH2O nC6H12O6

(1)

men
2C2H5OH + 2CO2
C6H12O6
30 C

(2)

0,25

0,25

H SO
CH2=CH2 + H2O (3)
C2H5OH
170 C
2

(-CH2-CH2-)n
CH2=CH2
xt
Ta c: (C6H10O5)n 2nC2H4
56n (g)
162n (g)
m = 8,1 (tn)

2,8 (tn)
p ,t

(4)
0,25

Do hiu sut phn ng t 80% => khi lng Xenluloz = 8,1.

Trong g cha 50% xenluloz => Khi lng g = 8,1.
4

1
(1
)

100
80

100 100
.
= 20,25 tn
80 50

Mi phn c khi lng 5,56 gam; gi trong mi phn c cha x mol

Fe v y mol kim loi R
Phn 1:
Fe + 2HCl
FeCl2 + H2
(1)
x (mol)

x
RCln +
R + nHCl

n
H2
2

n
.y
2

nH 2 = 0,14 (mol) => x +

nNO = 0,12 (mol) => x +

n
. y = 0,14 (I)
2
0,25

(3)
(4)

n
.y
3
n
.y = 0,12 (II)
3

Gii h phng trnh (I), (II) ta c: x = 0,08 (mol); y =

0,12
n

Theo khi lng hn hp ban u ta c: 56.x + MR.y = 5,56

MR = 9.n; n l ho tr

2
(1

0,25

(2)

Phn 2:
Fe + 4HNO3
Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O
x

x
3R + 4nHNO3
3R(NO3)n + nNO +2nH2O

0,25

n = 1 => MR = 9
n = 2 => MR = 18
n = 3 => MR = 27 => Kim loi R l Al; n = 3
=> x = 0,08 (mol); y = 0,04 (mol)
=> %mFe = 80,67% ; %mAl = 19,33%
Phn 3:
Sau phn ng khi lng cht rn tng = 8,64 5,56 = 3,08 gam

0,25

0,25

0,25

- Khi Al phn ng ht, khi lng cht rn tng = 64.0,06 27.0,04 =

2,76 gam < 3,08 gam => Al phn ng ht
- Khi Fe phn ng ht, khi lng cht rn tng = 2,76 + 0,08(64-56)
= 3,4 gam > 3,08 gam => Fe phn ng cha ht.
Vy Al phn ng ht, Fe phn ng mt phn, gi s mol Fe phn ng
l z (mol).
Al2(SO4)3 + 3Cu
2Al + 3CuSO4
(5)
0,04 0,06

0,06(mol)
Fe + CuSO4
FeSO4 + Cu
(6)
z
z (mol) z
=> 2,76 + (64-56).z = 3,08 => z = 0,04 (mol)
=> nCuSO phn ng = 0,06 + 0,04 = 0,1 (mol) => V = 0,1lt = 100 ml
Tm B:

0,25

0,25

0,25

1
(1
)

nCO2 =

0,25

13, 44
10,8
21, 2
= 0, 6mol ; nH 2O =
= 0, 6mol; nNa2CO3 =
= 0, 2mol
22, 4
18
106

=>
nC = 0, 6 + 0, 2 = 0,8mol
nH = 2 0, 6 = 1, 2mol
nNa = 2 0, 2 = 0, 4mol
nO =

39, 2 12 0,8 1, 2 1 0, 4 23
= 1, 2mol
16

t cng thc B l: CxHyOzNat x:y:z:t = 0,8:1,2:1,2:0,4 = 2:3:3:1

V CTPT trng CTGN CTPT B l: C2H3O3Na
CTCT B l: HOCH2COONa
Tm D:
nCO2 =

0,25

0,25

29,12
12, 6
10, 6
= 1,3mol ; nH 2O =
= 0, 7mol ; nNa2CO3 =
= 0,1mol =>
22, 4
18
106
nC = 1,3 + 0,1 = 1, 4mol
nH = 2 0, 7 = 1, 4mol

=>

nNa = 2 0,1 = 0, 2mol

nO =

2
(1

26 12 1, 4 1, 4 1 23 0, 2
= 0, 2mol
16

t cng thc D : CxHyOzNat x:y:z:t= 1,4:1,4:0,2:0,2= 7:7:1:1

V CTPT trng CTGN CTPT D l: C7H7ONa
C 3 CTCT D: CH3-C6H4-ONa (0-; m-; p-)

0,25

Tm A:
B(C, H, O, Na) + D(C, H, O, Na) + H2O (*)
Ta c: A + NaOH

0,25

Theo bo ton nguyn t Na ta c:

=> nNaOH = 2nNa CO = 2(0, 2 + 0,1) = 0, 6mol
Theo bo ton khi lng ta c:
2

0,25

mH 2O (*) = 44,8 + 40 0, 6 39, 2 26 = 3, 6 gam

nH( A ) = nH ( B ) + nH( D ) + nH ( H O ) nH ( NaOH ) = 1, 2 + 1, 4 +
2

3, 6
2 0, 6 1 = 2, 4mol
18

nC( A ) = nC( B ) + nC( D ) = 0,8 + 1, 4 = 2, 2mol

nO( A ) =

44,8 12 2, 2 2, 4 1
= 1, 0mol
16

t cng thc A: CaHbOc=>a:b:c = 2,2 : 2,4 : 1 = 11 : 12 : 5

V CTPT trng CTGN => CTPT A: C11H12O5.
Bin lun CTCT A:
nA = 0,2 mol; nB = 0,4 mol; nD = 0,2 mol
=> nA : nNaOH : nB : nD : nnc(*) = 1: 3 : 2 : 1: 1
=> A l este ca phenol cha: 2HOCH2COO- + 1CH3-C6H4COO(tho 5 nt O)
=> C 3 CTCT A: HO-CH2-COOCH2- COO - C6H4-CH3 (0-; m-; p-)
Ch : Hc sinh c th lm theo cch khc, nu ng, c lp lun
cht ch vn cho im ti a.

0,25
0,25