Anatomy of the Urinary System

Kidneys (urine formation)

Lower Urinary Tract Ureters (2) Bladder (1) Urethra (1) (urine collection, storage, excretion)

Cortex Medulla

Cortex Glomeruli
Medulla Renal tubules (with calyces forming the medulary pyramids)

Renal hilum Renal artery

Ureter Takes urine to bladder

Blood carried to the kidney by the renal artery and taken away by the renal vein.

Renal vein Renal pelvis

Ureter

Each KIDNEY consists of 1 million NEPHRONS

Each nephron consists of a: GLOMERULUS (found in cortex) forms a protein-free filtrate from blood TUBULE (found in medulla) processes the filtrate to form urine Each TUBULE consists of several segments: Proximal tubule Loop of Henle Distal Tubule Collecting Ducts.

Functional Unit of the Kidney is the NEPHRON Glomerulus Proximal Tubule Loop of Henle Distal Tubule Collecting Duct

Kidney Functions
1. Regulation of water, electrolyte balance, pH 2. Removal of waste from blood and excretion of urine. 3. Secretion of hormones Erythropoietin Renin