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Mc Ic
Mc lc..................................................................................................................i
Danh mc hnh v..............................................................................................iii
Danh mc bng biu..........................................................................................iv
Thut ng vit tt................................................................................................v
Li ni u...........................................................................................................
1.1.H thng thng tin di ng th h mt...............................................................10
1.2.H thng thng tin di ng th h hai.................................................................11
1.3.H thng thng tin di ng th h ba .................................................................12
1.4.Kin trc 3G UMT........................................................................................... 13
1.4.1.Kin trc 3G !"#M$ UMT %3..............................................................14
1.4.2.Kin trc 3G !"#M$ UMT %4.............................................................1&
1.4.3.Kin trc 3G !"#M$ UMT %'..............................................................1(
1.'.T)ng *+an tr+, nh-. g/i tc ca0 1H2$3......................................................14
1.'.1.Gi5i thi+..................................................................................................... 14
1.'.2.Kin trc gia0 din 6 t+,n H2$ ch0 7 8i+ ng9:i 7; d<ng ..................21
!h"#ng $$% M&t '( c)ng ngh* ch+ ,h-t t.in /0............................................11
2.1.Tr+,=n d>n tc 7 8i+ ca0 tr0ng thng tin di ng........................................22
2.1.1."?c thng 7 h@n ch i 65i tr+,=n d>n tc 7 8i+ ca0.........................22
a.Tr+,=n d>n tc 7 8i+ ca0 tr0ng ABch bCn bB gi5i h@n bDi t@. Em............23
b.Tr+,=n d>n tc 7 8i+ ca0 tr0ng c?c ABch bCn bB gi5i h@n bDi nhiF+........2'
2.1.2.Tr+,=n d>n tc ca0 65i bGng thng h@n ch 6H i=+ ch b-c ca0............2I
a.Ji=+ ch b-c ca0 At hK. 65i mL h/a AMnh ..................................................2&
b.NhOng bin )i 6= cng 7+Pt .h?t tQc th:i....................................................2(
2.1.3.Rnh h9Dng cSa mi tr9:ng tr+,=n 7/ng 8Mn tr+,=n d>n ..............................24
2.2.T-. biU+V thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n 6H H$%X......................................................24
2.2.1.ThWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n 65i i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt 6H tc 7 8i+............30
2.2.2.T-. biU+ .h< th+c AMnh 9:ng Y+ng........................................................32
2.2.3."?c 7Z [ .h?t 8@i tiMn tin...........................................................................3I
2.2.4.H$%X 65i At hK. m=m..............................................................................3&
!h"#ng $$$% T.u2 nh, gi "ng 3u(ng.......................................................45
t(c & ca+ 67D89.............................................................................................45
3.1.T)ng *+an.......................................................................................................... 41
3.1.1.Tr+,=n d>n AMnh chia 7\..............................................................................41
3.1.2.T-. biU+ .h< th+c AMnh..............................................................................42
3.1.3.Ji=+ AhiUn tc 6H i=+ ch b-c ca0.........................................................43
3.1.4.H$%X 65i At hK. m=m..............................................................................44
3.1.'.Kin trc...................................................................................................... 44
3.2.H]#"H .......................................................................................................... 4'
3.2.1.H]#"H 6H c?c AMnh b?0 hi+..................................................................4'
3.2.2.Ji=+ AhiUn tHi ng+,Mn ch0 H]#"H ........................................................'1
3.3.M$"]h7 6H Y; 8^ 85. 6-t 8^................................................................................'2
3.3.1."P+ trc M$"]h7 6H 85. 6-t 8^....................................................................'2
3.3.2.TiM+ = M$"]h7.......................................................................................... '4
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3.4.T+[ng 7 8i+...................................................................................................... ''
3.'.Ji=+ ch b-c ca0................................................................................................'I
3.'.1.Ji=+ ch b-c ca0.......................................................................................... 'I
3.'.2.Jan Y`n 6H 7a. bt 8@i chcm tWn hi+...........................................................'&
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3.I.1.T-. biU+....................................................................................................... '(
3.I.2.ThWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n..............................................................................I0
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3.&.1.T)ng *+an h0@t ng H$%X cSa H#2$ ..................................................I3
3.&.2.X+? trdnh Y; 8^ H$%X t@i 85. 6-t 8^............................................................I&
3.&.3.H0@t ng cSa gia0 thQc H$%X..................................................................I4
3.&.4."h+,Un th`0 thQ te......................................................................................&0
3.&.'.H$%X At hK. m=m ch0 H#2$]MfMg...................................................&3
3.(."Xf 6H c?c .h9Zng tin ?nh gi? chPt 89Kng Ah+ng Ah?c..................................&3
3.4."P+ trc c?c AMnh b?0 hi+ cSa H#2$ ...........................................................&I
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3.4.2.h?0 hi+ i=+ AhiUn 9:ng Y+ng i]#2"H................................................&4
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3.10.H#2$ MfMg................................................................................................ ('
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3.10.2.Ji=+ AhiUn tc ch0 H#2$]MfMg......................................................40
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3.12.#i ng 6H c?c thU 80@i Uk...............................................................................42
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6nh 5.1% !-c ,h"#ng ,h-, a t.u2 nh,......................................................51
6nh 5./% Ain t.Bc CMT7...............................................................................54
6nh 5.4% Ain t.Bc mDng ,hEn b( cFa ,h-t h:nh /088 G4........................5=
6nh 5.H% Ain t.Bc ,h-t h:nh CMT7 GH.......................................................5
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6nh /.5% !\u t.Bc thi gian mf cFa 67gD7!6 ...........................................41
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6nh /./% Ain t.Bc 67D89 ............................................................................4H
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6nh /.H% 7S ?ng c)ng 'u\t &ng vNi 67gD7!6 .........................................4
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6nh /.5@% !\u hnh gia+ thWc ;hi 67gD7!6 "Qc \n inh........................HH
6nh /.55% Lu]ng '( li*u tDi CTG9V..............................................................HI
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6nh /./5% Th)ng tin 67g7!!6 t.+ng t."ng hQ, hs t.Q M$Mr...............4
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6nh /./H% ình thi u cu(i liKn buan n m&t 3S lh 69G> ...................<1
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iUn hdnh L .h?t triUn m@nh m{ D nhi=+ *+c gia. T+, nhiMnV thB tr9:ng 6iFn thng
mD rng ch0 thP, rt nhOng h@n ch 6= d+ng 89Kng 6H bGng thng cSa c?c h thng
thng tin di ng th h hai. e ra :i cSa h thng di ng th h ba 8H mt tPt ,+V
th`0 h95ng c+ng cP. c?c dBch 6< a .h9Zng tin nhzm ?. Qng nh+ cp+ ngH, cHng
tGng 6H a d@ng cSa ng9:i 7; d<ng. X+? trdnh nghiMn cQ+ .h?t triUn tGng c9:ng 3G 8Mn
3G| 65i 6ic 9a ra cng ngh H2$ cHng trD nMn cP. thit.
J9Kc 7e h95ng d>n 6H gi. } t-n tdnh cSa thp, gi?0 T Ng+,Fn 2h@m $nh
#~ngV ccng 65i nl 8ec bCn thEnV n na, `m L h0Hn thHnh [ ?n tt nghi. cSa mdnh
65i = tHi Tr+, nh-. g/i 9:ng Y+ng tc ca0 H#2$ trdnh bH, nhOng 6Pn =
cGn bCn nhPt 6= cng ngh m5i 9Kc bat p+ 9a 6H0 ty 3G !"#M$ %' d0 3G22
ch+n h/a. M<c tiM+ [ ?n 8H nghiMn cQ+ c?c bc iUm cng ngh H#2$ nhzm mD
rng gia0 din 6 t+,n cSa h thng !"#M$V tGng c9:ng hi+ nGng 6H d+ng 89Kng
h thng nH,.
V&i ?ung ] -n ba+ g]m ba ch"#ng%
"h9Zng 1j Trdnh bH, t)ng *+an .h?t triUn h thng thng tin di ng ty th h
thQ nhPt n th h thQ ba ccng 65i .h?t triUn tGng c9:ng 3G H2$ 13G|3.
"h9Zng 2j Trdnh bH, mt 7 cng ngh ch0 .h?t triUn 3G.
"h9Zng 3j Trdnh bH, cng ngh tr+, nh-. g/i 9:ng Y+ng tc ca0 H#2$.
_ic nghiMn cQ+ cng ngh H#2$ tr0ng 3G| ui hi Ain thQc 7E+ rng 6H
p+ t9 tha ?ng 6= th:i gian. #0 / [ ?n Ahng tr?nh Ahi cun nhi=+ thi+ 7/t. %Pt
m0ng nh-n 9Kc chs bC0 cSa thp, c 6H /ng g/. ^ Ain cSa c?c b@n U [ ?n nH,
9Kc h0Hn thin hZn.
vin chEn thHnh cCm Zn
H Ni 10/2008
7inh viKn
Dng Ton Trung
n tt nghip i hc #$i n%i &u
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 <
n tt nghip i hc 'h()ng *+ T,ng -uan pht t.in /0
Chuong I: Tng quan pht trin 3G
Thng tin di ng bat p+ ty nhOng nGm 1420V Ahi c?c cZ *+an an ninh D M
bat p+ 7; d<ng in th0@i 6 t+,nV dc chs 8H D c?c cGn cQ thW nghim. "ng ngh 6H0
th:i iUm / L c/ nhOng thHnh cng nhPt Bnh trMn c?c ch+,n tH+ hHng hCiV nh9ng n/
6>n ch9a thec 7e thWch hK. ch0 thng tin trMn b. "?c thit bB cun Ah? c[ng A=nh 6H
cng ngh 6 t+,n 6>n cun gb. Ah/ AhGn tr95c nhOng t0H nhH 85n D thHnh .h.
_H0 nGm 1430 L c/ mt b95c tin Ya hZn 65i 7e .h?t triUn cSa i=+ ch iMV
9Kc 7; d<ng D chin tr9:ng tr0ng 7+t th chin thQ hai. e .h?t triUn nH, Aw0 dHi
n cC th:i bdnhV 6H c?c dBch 6< di ng bat p+ Y+Pt hin 6H0 nhOng nGm 1440 D mt
7 thHnh .h 85n. T+, 6-,V d+ng 89Kng cSa c?c h thng / rPt h@n chV 6H .hCi mPt
nhi=+ nGm thng tin di ng m5i trD thHnh mt 7Cn .hm th9Zng m@i. _5i 7e .h?t
triUn ngH, cHng m@nh m{ cSa cng ngh thng tin di ngV c/ thU m tC *+? trdnh tin
t5i 4G cSa c?c cng ngh hin c/ nh9 d95i E,j
Hnh 1.1: Qu trnh pht trin cc cng ngh thng tin di ng n 4G
1.1.H thng thng tin di ng th h mt
Th h p+ tiMn cSa thng tin di ng Cm bC0 tr+,=n d>n t9Zng te 1tWn hi+
ana80g3 dea trMn i#M 65i At ni m@ng 8ti dea trMn T#M. H thng ana80gV L tyng
9Kc triUn Ahai D hac M 9Kc bit n 65i tMn gi $M2 1$na80g M0bi8` 2h0n`
,7t`m73V h0@t ng D dCi tpn (00Mh. H thng di ng p+ tiMn D "hE+ + 9Kc
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 5@
triUn Ahai nGm 14(1 D Th<, JiUnV NaU,V Jan M@ch 6H 2hpn Tan 7; d<ng cng ngh
NMT 1N0rdic M0bi8` T`8`.h0n,3 h0@t ng D dCi tpn 4'0Mh. 2hiMn bCn 7a+ cSa
NMT h0@t ng D tpn 7 400MH 6H 9Kc bit n 65i tMn gi NMT400. Khng th+a
AwmV $nh gi5i thi+ mt cng ngh Ah?c 6H0 nGm 14('V T$" 1T0ta8 $cc`77
"0mm+nicati0n ,7t`m73. "?c h thng thng tin di ng th h mt L giCi *+,t
nhOng h@n ch p+ tiMn 6= d+ng 89KngV mbc dc chs 8H h thng t9Zng teV 7; d<ng cng
ngh ch+,Un m@ch AMnh 6H chs 9Kc thit A ch0 tr+,=n ting.
1.2.H thng thng tin di ng th h hai
Kh?c 65i th h mtV h thng thng tin di ng th h hai 12G3 9Kc thit A
U triUn Ahai *+c t. Thit A 2G nhPn m@nh hZn 8Mn tWnh t9Zng thWchV AhC nGng
ch+,Un m@ch .hQc t@. 6H 7; d<ng tr+,=n d>n ting 7 h/a trMn 6 t+,n. "ng ngh 6
t+,n 2G thng d<ng nhPt 9Kc bit n 8H GM 1G80ba8 ,7t`m7 r0r M0bi8`
"0mm+nicati0n3. "?c h thng GMV 9Kc triUn Ahai 8pn p+ tiMn 6H0 nGm 1441V hin
na, ang h0@t ng D Ah0Cng 140 n95c 6H 8Lnh th) trMn th gi5iV 65i Ah0Cng 24( tri+
ng9:i 7; d<ng. GM At hK. cC hai A th+-t T#M$ 6H i#M$. "?c h thng GM
p+ tiMn 7; d<ng .h) tpn 2'MH D dCi tpn 400MH. i#M$ 9Kc 7; d<ng U chia
bGng tpn 2'MH thHnh 124 dCi tpn 7 1mli dCi 200AH3. _5i mli tpn 7 8@i 7; d<ng
Ah+ng T#M$ 65i ( Ah` th:i gian. NgH, na, c?c h thng GM h0@t ng D bGng tpn
400MH 6H 1.(GH trMn t0Hn th gi5i 1ng0@i try M h0@t ng trMn bGng tpn 1.4GH3.
"cng 65i GMV mt cng ngh t9Zng te 9Kc gi 8H 2#" 12`r70na8 #igita8
"0mm+nicati0n73V 7; d<ng cng ngh T#M$ n)i 8Mn D Nh-t. Ty /V mt 6Hi h thng
Ah?c 7; d<ng cng ngh T#M$ L 9Kc triUn Ahai Aha. th gi5i 65i Ah0Cng (4 tri+
ng9:i 7; d<ng. Tr0ng Ahi GM 9Kc .h?t triUn D "hE+ + thd cng ngh "#M$ 9Kc
.h?t triUn m@nh D hac M. "#M$ 7; d<ng cng ngh trCi .h) 6H L 9Kc thec hin
trMn Ah0Cng 30 n95c 65i 95c tWnh Ah0Cng 44 tri+ th+M ba0.
Tr0ng Ahi GM 6H c?c h thng 7; d<ng T#M$ Ah?c trD thHnh cng ngh 6
t+,n 2G 69Kt triV cng ngh "#M$ c~ng L n)i 8Mn 65i chPt 89Kng th0@i rt hZnV Wt
nhiF+ hZnV giCm r5t c+c giV d+ng 89Kng h thng 6H tin c-, ca0 hZn. "?c m@ng di
ng 2G trMn E, chS ,+ 6>n 7; d<ng ch+,Un m@ch AMnh. "?c m@ng di ng 2G 7;
d<ng cng ngh 7 6H c/ thU c+ng cP. mt 7 dBch 6< ng0Hi th0@i nh9 raY ha, bCn tin
ngan D tc ti a 4.I Ab.7V nh9ng 6>n ch9a thU d+,t n`b 6H c?c Qng d<ng a
.h9Zng tin.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 55
T)ng *+an 6= ba cng ngh i#M$V T#M$V "#M$ 9Kc m tC nh9 hdnh d95ij
Hnh 1.2: Cc phuong php a truy nhp
1.3.H thng thng tin di ng th h ba
"ng ngh 6 t+,n 3G 8H 7e hi t< cSa nhi=+ h thng 6iFn thng 6 t+,n 2G
tr0ng mt h thng t0Hn cp+ ba0 g[m cC c?c thHnh .hpn 6 tinh 6H mbt Pt. Mt tr0ng
nhOng bc iUm *+an trng cSa 3G 8H AhC nGng thng nhPt c?c tiM+ ch+n nh9
"#M$V GMV T#M$. "/ ba .h9Zng thQc @t 9Kc At *+C nH, 8H !"#M$V
"#M$2000 6H U!"13I 1Uni6`r7a8 !ir`8`77 "0mm+nicati0n3j
"#M$2000 t9Zng thWch 65i "#M$ th h hai f]4' .hpn 85n L 9Kc
7; d<ng D M.
U!"cun 9Kc gi 8H f]13IHV L 9Kc = Y+Pt bDi Tf$ 6H thit A
th`0 ch+n $Nf]13IV mt tiM+ ch+n T#M$ hac M.
!"#M$ t9Zng thWch 65i m@ng 2G GM .h) bin D chE+ + 6H a
.hpn chE+ . !"#M$ 7; d<ng bGng tpn 'Mh 6H 10 MhV t@0 nMn mt
n=n tCng thWch hK. ch0 c?c nhi=+ Qng d<ng. N/ c/ thU bt trMn c?c m@ng
GMV T#M$ ha, f4' 7n c/. M@ng !"#M$ 7{ 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 c?c
Qng d<ng tc ca0 6H c?c h thng 2G 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 c?c c+c gi
th0@i thng th9:ng.
E, chs Ywt m@ng tr+, nh-. !"#M$ ch0 UMT. J= ?n hK. t?c th h thQ
ba 13G223 m@ng a tr+, nh-. .hEn chia th`0 mL bGng rng 1!"#M$3 p+ tiMn 9Kc
bat p+ ty nGm 2002. "h0 n c+i nGm 200' L c/ t5i 100 m@ng mD !"#M$ 6H
t)ng 7 hZn 1'0 nhH Ahai th?c c/ Gng A^ tpn 7 h0@t ng !"#M$. Hin na,V m@ng
!"#M$ triUn Ahai tr0ng h thng 6iFn thng di ng t0Hn cp+ 1UMT3 *+anh dCi tpn
7 2GH D chE+ + 6H chE+ g[m c/ Nh-t hCn 6H HHn X+c. !"#M$ D M 9Kc
triUn Ahai trMn .h) tpn cP. .h?t ('0 6H 1400 MH hin hHnh tr0ng Ahi dCi tpn 3G m5i
8H 1&00q2100 MH 9Kc Ad 6ng ?. Qng tr0ng na, mai.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 51
89Kng th+M ba0 !"#M$ t0Hn cp+ 8H 1& tri+ 6H0 c+i nGm 2004 6H hZn '0
tri+ 6H0 th?ng 3q200I. Tc .h?t triUn th+M ba0 rPt m@nh m{. "?c th+M ba0
!"#M$ hin th:i chim 2 th+M ba0 di ng t0Hn cp+. Tr0ng / !"#M$ tham gia
D TE, + 8H 'V D $nh 8H (V D 8H 14 6H D Nh-t 8H hZn 2'.
Khi 7e thEm nh-. cSa di ng !"#M$ tGng 8MnV n/ ch0 .hw. m@ng !"#M$
mang t5i 89+ 89Kng dO 8i+ 6H th0@i dcng ch+ng 85n hZn. #+ng 89Kng th0@i 9a ra rPt
ca0 d0 A th+-t i=+ AhiUn nhiF+ ba0 g[m dcng 8@i tpn 7V i=+ AhiUn nGng 89Kng nhanh
6H ch+,Un gia0 m=m. N/ c/ thU 9a ra nhi=+ hZn 7 .ht gi ch0 th+M ba0 65i chPt
89Kng tt hZn.
"ng thMm hi+ *+C trCi .h) ca0V 3G !"#M$ c+ng cP. .h?t triUn Pn t9Kng 6=
.h@m 6i hi+ *+C .hpn cQng 6H d+ng 89Kng tr@m gc. Jui hi .hpn cQng tr@m gc 65i
d+ng 89Kng th0@i t9Zng 9Zng giCm thiU+ ?ng AU 70 65i 2G. MQc tWch hK. ca0
tr0ng !"#M$ @t 9Kc 65i 7/ng mang bGng rngj Mt 7 89Kng 85n ng9:i dcng
9Kc c+ng cP. 65i mli 7/ng mang 6H Wt hZn 7 7/ng mang tpn 7 6 t+,n 1%i3 9Kc
,M+ cp+ U c+ng cP. ccng d+ng 89Kng. _5i c?c .hpn %i Wt hZn 6H Y; 8^ dCi tpn cZ 7D
nhi=+ hZnV !"#M$ c/ thU mang t5i 8Ki Wch ch0 7e .h?t triUn nhanh 6= d+ng 89Kng Y;
8^ tWn hi+ 7. MQc tWch hK. ca0 D tr@m gc ch0 .hw. YE, deng hi+ *+C 6cng d+ng
89Kng ca0 ty / tr?nh 9Kc 7e .hQc t@. cSa b At hK. tpn 7 6 t+,n cng thMm c?c
Gngt`n h0bc c?. riZ.
!"#M$ ch0 .hw. [ng th:i cC th0@i 6H dO 8i+ nh9 8H Y`m 895t h0bc g;i mai8
tr0ng 7+t th0@i hi nghB h0bc chia 7\ hdnh Cnh th:i gian thec tr0ng 7+t c+c gi hi
th0@i. "?c nhH Ahai th?c c~ng ch0 .hw. At ni 8a.t0. n fnt`rn`t 6H hK. thHnh
fntran`t 65i tc bWt cec @i 8H 3(4 Ab.7 cC ch0 9:ng 8Mn 6H 9:ng Y+ng. "?c
m@ng 6H thit bB p+ c+i ban p+ bB gi5i h@n I4]12(Ab.7 tr0ng 9:ng 8Mn tr0ng Ahi
7Cn .hm m5i nhPt c+ng cP. 3(4 Ab.7 ch0 9:ng 8Mn.
1.4.Kin trc 3G UMTS
3G UMT 9Kc YE, deng th`0 ba .h?t hHnh chWnh 9Kc gi 8H %3V %4 6H %'.
Tr0ng / m@ng 8ti %3 6H %4 ba0 g[m mi=n ch+,Un m@ch AMnh 1"3 6H mi=n ch+,Un
m@ch g/i 123. _ic At hK. nH, .hc hK. ch0 giai 0@n p+ Ahi 2 ch9a ?. Qng tt
c?c dBch 6< th:i gian thec nh9 th0@i 6H hdnh Cnh. Khi nH, Cm nhim c?c dBch 6< th0@i
8H mi=n " cun 7 8i+ 9Kc tr+,=n trMn mi=n 2. %4 .h?t triUn hZn %3 65i mi=n "
ch+,Un 7ang ch+,Un m@ch m=m d0 / t0Hn b m@ng tr+,=n tCi giOa c?c nt ch+,Un
m@ch =+ trMn f2. M@ng tr+, nh-. cSa UMT c/ thU 8H T#M$ h0bc "#M$ mH D E,
8H m@ng tr+, nh-. "#M$ ch0 UMT.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 5/
1.4.1.Kin trc 3G WCDMA UMTS R3
Hnh 1.3: Kin trc UMTS
UMT %3 hl trK cC At ni ch+,Un m@ch AMnh 8>n ch+,Un m@ch g/i 65i
3(4Mb.7 tr0ng mi=n " 6H 2Mb.7 tr0ng mi=n 2.
Mt m@ng UMT ba0 g[m ba .hpnj thit bB di ng 1Uk3V m@ng tr+, nh-. 6
t+,n mbt Pt UMT 1UT%$Nj UMT T`rr`7tria8 %adi0 N`tn0rA3V m@ng 8ti 1"N3.
Uk 8H p+ c+i m@ng UMT cSa ng9:i 7; d<ng ba0 g[m ba thit bBj
Thit bB p+ c+i 6H thit bB di ng gi ch+ng 8H c?c p+ c+i 6d m?, p+ c+i
bE, gi: Ahng chs Zn th+pn dHnh ch0 in th0@i mH cun c+ng cP. c?c dBch 6<
7 8i+ m5i. _d th p+ c+i trD thHnh t) hK. cSa m?, th0@i di ngV m0d`m 6H
m?, tWnh bHn ta,. Jp+ c+i hl trK hai gia0 dinj Gia0 din U+ Bnh ngha 8iMn
At 6 t+,n 1gia0 din !"#M$3 Cm nhim t0Hn b At ni 6-t 8^ 65i m@ng
UMT. Gia0 din thQ hai 8H gia0 din "+ giOa UMT f" card 1Uf""3 6H p+
c+i. Gia0 din nH, t+En th`0 tiM+ ch+n ch0 c?c card thng minh.
M0d+8` nh-n d@ng th+M ba0 UMT 1UfMj UMT +b7crib`r fd`ntit,
M0d+8`3 chQa c?c hHm 6H 7 8i+ cpn U nh-n d@ng 6H nh-n thec th+M ba0 tr0ng
m@ng UMT. ng d<ng UfM ch@, trMn Uf"" 1card thng minh3. Ji=+ nH,
ch0 .hw. 89+ nhi=+ Qng d<ng hZn 6H nhi=+ chO A^ 1Ah/a3 in t; hZn ccng 65i
UfM ch0 c?c m<c Wch Ah?c 1c?c mL tr+, nh-. gia0 dBch ngEn hHng an ninh3.
UT%$N 8H 8iMn At giOa ng9:i 7; d<ng 6H "N. N/ g[m c?c .hpn t; Cm bC0
c?c c+c tr+,=n thng UMT trMn 6 t+,n 6H i=+ AhiUn chng. UT%$N 9Kc Bnh
ngha giOa hai gia0 din. Gia0 din f+ giOa UT%$N 6H "N g[m hai .hpnj f+2 ch0
mi=n ch+,Un m@ch g/i 6H f+" ch0 mi=m ch+,Un m@ch AMnh. Gia0 din U+ giOa
UT%$N 6H thit bB ng9:i 7; d<ng. GiOa hai gia0 din nH, 8H hai ntV %N" 6H nt h.
UT%$N g[m c?c h thng m@ng 6 t+,n 1%Nj %adi0 N`tn0rA ,7t`m3 6H mli
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 54
%N ba0 g[m b i=+ AhiUn m@ng 6 t+,n 1%N"j %adi0 N`tn0rA "0ntr088`r3 6H c?c
hT ni 65i n/ nh9 7a+j
%N" chB+ tr?ch nhim ch0 mt ha, nhi=+ tr@m gc 6H i=+ AhiUn tHi ng+,Mn
cSa chng. JE, c~ng chWnh 8H iUm tr+, nh-. dBch 6< mH UT%$N c+ng cP. ch0
"N. N/ 9Kc ni n "N bzng hai At niV mt ch0 mi=n ch+,Un m@ch g/i 1n
G2%3 6H mt n mi=n ch+,Un m@ch AMnh 1M"3. N/ cun c/ nhim 6< *+an
trng 8H bC0 6 7e bW m-t 6H t0Hn 6n 6H nhi=+ chQc nGng 80gic tc, th+c 6H0
6ic n/ .h<c 6< nt nH0.
Nt h 1hT3 c/ nhim 6< thec hin At ni 6 t+,n 6-t 8^ giOa p+ c+i 65i
n/. N/ nh-n tWn hi+ trMn gia0 din f+b ty %N" 6H ch+,Un n/ 6H0 tWn hi+ 6
t+,n trMn gia0 din U+. N/ c~ng thec hin mt 7 tha0 t?c *+Cn 8^ tHi ng+,Mn
6 t+,n cZ 7D nh9 i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt 6ung tr0ng.
M@ng 8ti "N ba0 g[m mi=n ch+,Un m@ch AMnh 1"3V ch+,Un m@ch g/i 123 6H
mi tr9:ng nhH 1Hkj H0m` kn6ir0nm`nt3. "?c nt h tr0ng "N 9Kc At ni 65i nha+
bzng 9:ng tr<c cSa nhH Ahai th?cV th9:ng 7; d<ng c?c cng ngh m@ng tc ca0
nh9 $TM 6H f2.
Mi=n " Cm bC0 c?c dBch 6< in th0@i n c?c m@ng Ah?c bzng c?c At ni
T#M. M@ng 9:ng tr<c tr0ng mi=n " 7; d<ng T#M. N/ ba0 g[m .hpn t;
M"q_T% 6H GM" nh9 7a+j
M" thec hin c?c At ni " giOa p+ c+i 6H m@ng. N/ thec hin c?c chQc
nGng b?0 hi+ 6H ch+,Un m@ch ch0 c?c th+M ba0 tr0ng 6cng *+Cn 8^ cSa mdnh.
"?c At ni " 9Kc thec hin trMn gia0 din " giOa UT%$N 6H M". "?c
M" 9Kc ni n c?c m@ng ng0Hi *+a GM".
h ghi Bnh 6B t@m tr 1_T%j _i7it0r T0cati0n %`gi7t`r3 8H bCn 7a0 cSa HT%
ch0 m@ng .h<c 6< 1Nj `r6ing N`tn0rA3. #O 8i+ th+M ba0 cpn thit U c+ng
cP. c?c dBch 6< th+M ba0 9Kc c0., ty HT% 6H 89+ D E,. _T% c/ thU 89+ giO
thng tin 6= c?c dBch 6< mH th+M ba0 9Kc c+ng cP.. "C GN 6H M" =+
9Kc thec hin trMn ccng mt nt 6-t 8^ 65i _T% 6d th 9Kc gi 8H _T%qGN
6H _T%qM".
GM" c/ thU 8H mt tr0ng 7 c?c M". GM" chB+ tr?ch nhim thec hin c?c
chQc nGng Bnh t+,n n 6cng c/ M. Khi m@ng ng0Hi tdm c?ch At ni n
2TMN cSa mt nhH Ahai th?cV GM" nh-n ,M+ cp+ thit 8-. At ni 6H hi
HT% 6= M" hin th:i *+Cn 8^ M.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 5H
Mi=n 2 Cm bC0 c?c dBch 6< 7 8i+ ch0 ng9:i 7; d<ng bzng c?c At ni n
fnt`rn`t 6H c?c m@ng 7 8i+ Ah?c. M@ng 9:ng tr<c tr0ng mi=n 2 7; d<ng f2. Mi=n
2 ba0 g[m .hpn t; GN 6H GGN nh9 7a+j
Nt hl trK G2% .h<c 6< 1GNj `r6ing G2% +..0rt N0d`3 8H nt chWnh
cSa mi=n ch+,Un m@ch g/i. N/ ni n UT%$N thng *+a gia0 din f+2 6H
n GGN thng *+a gia0 din Gn. GN chB+ tr?ch nhim ch0 tPt cC At ni
2 cSa tPt cC c?c th+M ba0. N/ 89+ hai AiU+ dO 8i+ th+M ba0j thng tin Gng A^
th+M ba0 6H thng tin 6B trW th+M ba0.
Nt hl trK G2% c)ng 1GGNj G2% +..0rt N0d`3 8H mt GN At ni 65i
c?c m@ng 7 8i+ Ah?c. TPt cC c?c c+c tr+,=n thng 7 8i+ ty th+M ba0 n c?c
m@ng ng0Hi =+ *+a GGN. "~ng nh9 GNV n/ 89+ cC hai AiU+ 7 8i+j thng
tin th+M ba0 6H thng tin 6B trW.
Hk 89+ c?c h[ 7Z th+M ba0 cSa hLng Ahai th?c. N/ c~ng c+ng cP. ch0 c?c m@ng
.h<c 6< 1N3 c?c thng tin 6M th+M ba0 6H 6= c95c cpn thit U nh-n thec ng9:i 7;
d<ng 6H tWnh c95c ch0 c?c dBch 6< c+ng cP.. Hk ba0 g[m c?c cZ 7D dO 8i+j tr+ng tEm
nh-n thec 1$+"j $+th`nticati0n "`nt`r3V b ghi Bnh 6B th9:ng tr 1HT%j H0m`
T0cati0n %`gi7t`r3 6H b ghi nh-n d@ng thit bB 1kf%j k*+i.m`nt fd`ntit, %`gi7t`r3
nh9 7a+j
Tr+ng tEm nh-n thec 1$+"j $+th`nticati0n "`nt`r3 89+ giO t0Hn b 7 8i+ cpn
thit U nh-n thecV m-t mL h/a 6H bC0 6 7e t0Hn 6n thng tin ch0 ng9:i 7;
d<ng. N/ 8iMn At 65i HT% 6H 9Kc thec hin ccng 65i HT% tr0ng ccng mt nt
6-t 8^.
Thanh ghi Bnh 6B th9:ng tr 1HT%3 8H mt cZ 7D dO 8i+ c/ nhim 6< *+Cn 8^
c?c th+M ba0 di ng. Mt m@ng di ng c/ thU chQa nhi=+ HT% tc, th+c 6H0
7 89Kng th+M ba0V d+ng 89Kng cSa tyng HT% 6H t) chQc bMn tr0ng m@ng. JU
Bnh t+,n 6H tWnh c95c c?c c+c giV HT% cun 89+ giO thng tin 6= GN 6H
_T% nH0 hin ang chB+ tr?ch nhim th+M ba0.
h ghi nh-n thec thit bB 1kf%j k*+i.m`nt fd`ntit, %`gi7t`r3 chB+ tr?ch nhim
89+ c?c 7 nh-n d@ng thit bB di ng *+c t 1fMkfj fnt`rnati0na8 M0bi8`
k*+i.m`nt fd`ntit,3. JE, 8H 7 nh-n d@ng d+, nhPt ch0 thit bB p+ c+i.
_ai tru c?c nt Ah?c nha+ cSa m@ng chs 9Kc Bnh ngha thng *+a c?c gia0
din Ah?c nha+. "?c gia0 din nH, 9Kc Bnh ngha chbt ch{ U c?c nhH 7Cn Y+Pt c/ thU
At ni c?c .hpn cQng Ah?c nha+ cSa h. ha0 g[m gia0 din U+ 6H gia0 din f+j
Gia0 din U+ 8H !"#M$V gia0 din 6 t+,n 9Kc Bnh ngha ch0 UMT.
Gia0 din nH, nzm giOa nt h 6H p+ c+i.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 5I
Gia0 din f+ At ni "N 6H UT%$N. ha0 g[m ba .hpnj f+2 ch0 mi=n ch+,Un
m@ch g/iV f+" ch0 mi=n ch+,Un m@ch AMnh 6H f+h" ch0 mi=n *+Cng b?. "N
c/ thU At ni n nhi=+ UT%$N ch0 cC gia0 din f+" 6H f+2. Nh9ng mt
UT%$N chs c/ thU At ni n mt iUm tr+, nh-. "N.
"?c m@ng ng0Hi Ahng .hCi 8H b .h-n cSa h thng UMT nh9ng chng cpn
thit U Cm bC0 tr+,=n thng giOa c?c nhH Ahai th?c. "?c m@ng ng0Hi c/ thU 8H c?c
m@ng in th0@i nh9j m@ng di ng mbt Pt cng cng 12TMNj 2+b8ic Tand M0bi8`
N`tn0rA3V m@ng in th0@i ch+,Un m@ch cng cng 12TNj 2+b8ic nitch`d
T`8`.h0n` N`tn0rA3V f#N ha, c?c m@ng 7 8i+ nh9 fnt`rn`t. Mi=n 2 At ni n
c?c m@ng 7 8i+ cun mi=n " ni n c?c m@ng in th0@i.
Hnh 1.4: Kin trc mang phn b ca pht hnh 3GPP R4
Kh?c nha+ cZ bCn giOa %3 6H %4 8H D chl Ahi nH, m@ng 8ti 8H m@ng .hEn b 6H
ch+,Un m@ch m=m. Tha, ch0 6ic c/ c?c M" ch+,Un m@ch AMnh tr+,=n thng nh9 D
Ain trc tr95cV Ain trc ch+,Un m@ch .hEn b 6H ch+,Un m@ch m=m 9Kc 9a 6H0.
_= cZ bCnV M" 9Kc chia thHnh M" `r6`r 6H c)ng c?c .h9Zng tin 1MG!j
M`dia Gat`na,3. M" chQa tPt cC c?c .hpn m=m i=+ AhiUn c+c giV *+Cn 8^ di ng
c/ D mt M" tiM+ ch+n. T+, nhiMn n/ Ahng chQa ma tr-n ch+,Un m@chV ma tr-n
ch+,Un m@ch nzm tr0ng MG! 9Kc M" `r6`r i=+ AhiUn 6H c/ thU bt Ya M"
`r6`r.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 5=
h?0 hi+ i=+ AhiUn c?c c+c gi ch+,Un m@ch AMnh 9Kc thec hin giOa %N"
6H M" `r6`r. J9:ng tr+,=n ch0 c?c c+c gi ch+,Un m@ch AMnh 9Kc thec hin
giOa %N" 6H MG!. Thng th9:ng MG! nh-n c?c c+c gi ty %N" 6H Bnh t+,n
c?c c+c gi nH, n nZi nh-n trMn c?c 9:ng tr<c g/i. Tr0ng nhi=+ tr9:ng hK. 9:ng
tr<c g/i 7; d<ng gia0 thQc tr+,=n tCi th:i gian thec 1%T2j %à8 Tim` Tran7.0rt
2r0t0c083 trMn gia0 thQc fnt`rn`t 1f23. Ty hdnh 1.4 ta thP, 89+ 89Kng 7 8i+ g/i ty %N"
i *+a GN 6H ty GN n GGN trMn m@ng 9:ng tr<c f2. "C 7 8i+ 6H ting =+
c/ thU 7; d<ng tr+,=n tCi f2 bMn tr0ng m@ng 8ti. JE, 8H m@ng tr+,=n tCi h0Hn t0Hn f2.
T@i nZi mH c+c gi cpn ch+,Un n mt tr@m Ah?c nh9 2TN chng h@nV 7{ c/
mt c)ng .h9Zng tin Ah?c 1MG!3 9Kc i=+ AhiUn bDi M" `r6`r c)ng 1GM"
`r6`r3. MG! nH, 7{ ch+,Un ting th0@i 9Kc /ng g/i thHnh 2"M tiM+ ch+n U 9a
n 2TN. Nh9 6-, ch+,Un )i mL chs cpn thec hin t@i iUm nH,.
Gia0 thQc i=+ AhiUn giOa M" `r6`r h0bc GM" `r6`r 65i MG! 8H gia0
thQc fTU H.24( c/ tMn 8H i=+ AhiUn c)ng c?c .h9Zng tin 1MkG$"gj M`dia
Gat`na, "0ntr083. Gia0 thQc i=+ AhiUn c+c gi giOa M" `r6`r 6H GM" `r6`r
c/ thU 8H mt gia0 thQc i=+ AhiUn c+c gi bPt Ad.
Hnh 1.5: Kin trc pht hnh UMTS R5
Kin trc nH, 9Kc YE, deng trMn c?c cng ngh g/i 6H in th0@i f2 ch0 [ng
th:i c?c dBch 6< th:i gian thec 6H Ahng th:i gian thec. Kin trc nH, ch0 .hw. hl trK
ch+,Un m@ch t0Hn cp+ 6H t9Zng hK. 65i c?c m@ng ng0Hi nh9j m@ng thng tin di ng
th h 2 hin c/V m@ng 7 8i+ cng cng 6H m@ng _0f2 a .h9Zng tin.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 5
Tr0ng tin h0? nH,V cC ting 6H 7 8i+ 9Kc Y; 8^ nh9 nha+ trMn t0Hn b 9:ng
tr+,=n ty p+ c+i cSa ng9:i dcng n nZi nh-n c+i ccng. "/ thU c0i Ain trc nH, 8H
7e hi t< t0Hn din cSa ting 6H 7 8i+. Kin trc nH, ng0Hi hai 6cng " 6H 2 nh9
tr0ng %4 cun b) 7+ng thMm mt 6cng nOa tr0ng m@ng 8ti 8H 6cng a .h9Zng tin f2
1fM3V 6cng nH, 9Kc YE, deng trMn gia0 thQc AhDi p+ .hiMn f2 D cng ngh _0f2V
thec chPt chQc nGng i=+ AhiUn tr@ng th?i c+c gi ""i 8H mt @i din f2 1f2
2r0Y,3.
_5i m<c tiM+ mD rng gia0 din 6 t+,n cSa !"#M$V tGng c9:ng hi+ nGng
6H d+ng 89Kng 1tc 7 8i+ ca03 ch0 cC 9:ng 8Mn 6H 9:ng Y+ng. H2$ 9Kc 9a
ra nhzm m<c Wch thec hin m<c tiM+ nH,.
1..T!ng "#an tr#$ nh%& g'i tc ca( )HS*+,
1.5.1.Gii thiu
Tr+, nh-. g/i tc ca0 9:ng Y+ng 1H#2$3 9Kc 3G22 ch+n h/a tr0ng
%' 65i .hiMn bCn tiM+ ch+n p+ tiMn 6H0 nGm 2002. Tr+, nh-. g/i 9:ng 8Mn tc
ca0 HU2$ 9Kc 3G22 ch+n h/a tr0ng %I 6H0 th?ng 12 nGm 2004. "C H#2$ 6H
HU2$ 9Kc gi ch+ng 8H H2$. "?c m@ng H#2$ p+ tiMn 9Kc 9a 6H0 th9Zng
m@i nGm 200' 6H HU2$ 9Kc 9a 6H0 th9Zng m@i nGm 200& nh9 m tC d95i E,j
Hnh 1.6: Trnh t pht trin v tiu chun ha HSPA
Tc 7 8i+ snh cSa H#2$ 8c p+ 8H 1.( Mb.7 tGng n 3.I Mb.7 6H &.2
Mb.7 6H0 nGm 200I 6H 200&V ti=m nGng c/ thU @t n trMn 10 Mb.7. Tr0ng giai 0@n
p+ tc snh HU2$ 8H 1]2 Mb.7V tr0ng giai 0@n 2 tc nH, c/ thU @t n 3]4
Mb.7 1hdnh 1.&3.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 5<
Hnh 1.7: Pht trin tc s Iiu trong WCDMA v HSPA
H2$ 9Kc triUn Ahai trMn !"#M$ trMn ccng mt 7/ng mang h0bc 7; d<ng
mt 7/ng mang Ah?c U @t 9Kc d+ng 89Kng ca0 1hdnh 1.(3.
Hnh 1.8: Trin khai HSPA vi sng mang ring hoc chung sng mang vi
WCDMA
H2$ chia 7\ ch+ng h@ tpng m@ng 65i !"#M$. JU nEng cP. !"#M$ 8Mn
H2$ chs cpn b) 7+ng .hpn m=m 6H mt 6Hi .hpn cQng tr0ng h" 6H %N". Tc p+
H2$ 9Kc thit A ch0 c?c dBch 6< tc ca0 .hi th:i gian thecV t+, nhiMn %I 6H %&
cCi thin hi+ 7+Pt cSa H2$ ch0 _0f2 6H c?c Qng d<ng t9Zng te Ah?c.
Kh?c 65i !"#M$ tr0ng / tc 7 8i+ trMn c?c gia0 din nh9 nha+ 13(4
Ab.7 ch0 tc cec @i chng h@n3V tc 7 8i+ H2$ trMn c?c gia0 din Ah?c nha+
nh9 minh ha trMn hdnh 1.4. Tc snh 1&.2 Mb.7 trMn 2 m73 t@i p+ c+i chs YC, ra
tr0ng th:i iUm i=+ Ain AMnh tr+,=n tt 6d th tc tr+ng bdnh c/ thU Ahng *+? 1
Mb.7. JU Cm bC0 tr+,=n 89+ 89Kng mang tWnh c<m nH,V hT cpn c/ b m U 89+
8@i 89+ 89Kng 6H b 8-. biU+ U tr+,=n 89+ 89Kng nH, trMn h@ tpng m@ng.
Hnh 1.9: Tc s Iiu khc nhau trn cc giao din (trung hp HSDPA)
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 1@
1.5.2.Kin trc giao din v tuyn HSPA cho s Iiu ngui s dng
Hnh 1.10: Kin trc giao din v tuyn HSPA cho s Iiu ngui s dng
Hdnh 6{ ch0 thP, Ain trc gia0 din 6 t+,n H#2$ 6H HU2$ ch0 7 8i+
ng9:i 7; d<ng. Mbt .hng b?0 hi+ Ahng 9Kc thU hin trMn hdnh 1tr0ng mbt .hng
nH, b?0 hi+ 9Kc ni n %T" 7a+ / 9Kc 9a 8Mn #"H ha, H#2$ h0bc
HU2$3. 8i+ ty c?c dBch 6< Ah?c nha+ 9Kc nwn tiM+ = f2 t@i 2#"2. M$"]h7
thec hin chQc nGng 8-. biU+ nhanh dea trMn hT.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 15
n tt nghip i hc 'h()ng **+ M1t 2 c3ng ngh ch4 pht t.in
/0
Chuong II: Mt s cng ngh cho pht trin 3G
2.1.Tr#$-n d.n tc / 0i# ca( tr(ng thng tin di ng
M<c Wch chWnh cSa .h?t triUn 3G 6H tin 8Mn 4G 8H c+ng cP. c?c tc 7 8i+
ca0 hZn ch0 c?c ng9:i 7; d<ng p+ c+i 70 65i 3G hin t@i. Ji=+ nH, Ahng chs ba0
hHm AhC nGng c?c tc snh ca0 hZn mH cun Cm bC0 tc ca0 hZn nH, trMn t0Hn
b AU cC t@i biMn . a+ E, 7{ trdnh bH, ngan gn mt 7 h@n ch cZ bCn 8iMn *+an
n c?c tc 7 8i+ nH0 thec t @t 9Kc tr0ng c?c ABch bCn Ah?c nha+.
2.1.1.Cc thng s han ch i vi truyn dn tc s Iiu cao
Th`0 hann0n cng c< 8^ th+,t U Y?c Bnh tc cec @i gi 8H d+ng 89Kng
cec @i mH thng tin c/ thU 9Kc tr+,=n trMn mt AMnh thng tin ch0 tr95c. Tr0ng
tr9:ng hK. bc bit Ahi thng tin 9Kc tr+,=n trMn mt AMnh 1ha, mt 9:ng tr+,=n 6
t+,n3 chs bB Cnh h9Dng cSa t@. Em Ga+77 trang cngV d+ng 89Kng AMnh " 9Kc Y?c
Bnh bDi biU+ thQc 7a+j
3 1 1 80g .
2
N
S
BW C +
12.13
Tr0ng / h! 8H bGng thng AhC d<ng ch0 tr+,=n tinV 8H A^ hi+ ch0 cng 7+Pt
tWn hi+ th+ 6H N A^ hi+ ch0 cng 7+Pt t@. Em trang Cnh h9Dng YP+ 8Mn tWn hi+ th+.
Ty 12.13 ta thP, rzng c?c ,+ t cGn bCn h@n ch tc 7 8i+ AhC d<ng 8H cng
7+Pt th+ AhC d<ngV ha, 8H tx 7 tWn hi+ trMn t@. Em qN AhC d<ng 6H bGng thng AhC
d<ng h!. JU thP, 9Kc c?ch thQc mH c?c nhEn t trMn h@n ch tc 7 8i+ AhC
d<ngV ta giC thit rzng thng tin 7; d<ng mt tc tr+,=n tin % nH0 /. "ng 7+Pt tWn
hi+ th+ 9Kc Ahi nH, c/ thU 9Kc biU+ diFn 8Hj k
b
.%V tr0ng / k
b
8H nGng 89Kng tWn
hi+ th+ trMn bit. Ng0Hi ra cng 7+Pt t@. Em c/ thU 9Kc biU+ diFn 8H N N
0
.h!V tr0ng
/ N
0
8H m-t .h) cng 7+Pt t@. Em 0 bzng !qH.
%t rHng tc thng tin Ahng ba0 gi: 69Kt *+? d+ng 89Kng AMnh. #0 / At
hK. 65i 12.13 ta c/j
3
.
.
1 1 3 1 1 80g .
0
2
BW N
R E
BW C
N
S
BW C R
b
+ +
12.23
N+ Bnh ngha hi+ 7+Pt 7; d<ng bGng thng 1mQc 7; d<ng bGng thng3
BW Rq
ta 9Kcj
3 . 1 1 80g
0
2
N
E
b
+
12.33
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 11
/0
"/ thU 6it 8@i bPt ng thQc trMn U nh-n 9Kc biMn d95i ch0 nGng 89Kng th+
cSa mt bit thng tin 9Kc ch+n h/a th`0 m-t .h) cng 7+Pt t@. Em Ahi mQc 7;
d<ng bGng thng
ch0 tr95c nh9 7a+j
1 2
min
0 0
'
N
E
N
E
b b
12.43
Tx 7 k
b
qN
0
,M+ cp+ t@i m?, th+ 8H mt hHm .h< th+c 6H0 mQc 7; d<ng
bGng thng 1hdnh 2.13. Ji 65i mQc 7; d<ng bGng thng nh hZn 1V ngha 8H c?c tc
thng tin nh hZn nhi=+ 70 65i bGng thng 9Kc 7; d<ngV k
b
qN
0
,M+ cp+ Wt tha, )i
th`0
. Ji 65i m-t .h) cng 7+Pt t@. Em ch0 tr95cV mi 7e tGng tc thng tin
=+ t9Zng Qng 65i tGng t9Zng i cng 7+Pt th+ ,M+ cp+ k
b
q% t@i m?, th+. Mbt
Ah?cV i 65i c?c mQc 7; d<ng bGng thng 85n hZn mtV k
b
qN
0
,M+ cp+ tGng nhanh
th`0
. _d th tr0ng tr9:ng hK. c?c tc 7 8i+ c/ ccng gi? trB h0bc 85n hZn bGng
thngV mi 7e tGng tc thng tin Ahng Am th`0 tGng bGng thng AhC d<ng 7{ d>n
n tGng t9Zng i Ah? 85n cng 7+Pt tWn hi+ th+ ,M+ cp+ cec tiU+.
Hnh 2.1: Eb/N
0
yu cu ti thiu tai my thu ph thuc vo mc s dng
bng thng.
a.Truyn !n "#$ % &# 'i(u $ao "rong )*$+ b,n b* gi-i +.n b/i ".0 12
Tr0ng c?c ABch bCn nH,V tc 7 8i+ 9Kc c+ng cP. 7{ 8+n 8+n bB gi5i h@n
bDi cng 7+Pt th+ AhC d<ng ha, ts 7 tWn hi+ th+ trMn t@. Em tr0ng tr9:ng hK. t)ng
*+?t. Ng0Hi ra mi 7e tGng tc 7 8i+ AhC d<ng tr0ng mt bGng thng ch0 tr95c ui
hi Wt nhPt 8H tGng ccng mt 89Kng t9Zng i cng 7+Pt tWn hi+ th+. J[ng th:i n+ c/
thU Cm bC0 S cng 7+Pt th+ AhC d<ngV thd c/ thU Cm bC0 mi tc 7 8i+ tr0ng
mt bGng thng h@n ch AhC d<ng Wt nhPt 8H th`0 8^ th+,t.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 1/
/0
Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. mQc 7; d<ng bGng thng thP.V ngha 8H chyng nH0 tc
7 8i+ cSa 9:ng tr+,=n 6 t+,n cun thP. hZn bGng thng AhC d<ngV mi 7e tGng tc
7 8i+ ui hi tGng t9Zng i gpn nh9 ccng mt 89Kng cng 7+Pt th+. Tr9:ng hK.
nH, 9Kc gi 8H h0@t ng bB gi5i h@n bDi cng 7+Pt 1ng9Kc 65i h0@t ng bB gi5i h@n
bDi bGng thng3V 6d tr0ng tr9:ng hK. nH,V tGng bGng thng AhC d<ng Ahng Cnh h9Dng
?ng AU 8Mn 6ic cng 7+Pt th+ cpn thit i 65i mt tc 7 8i+ ch0 tr95c.
Tr?i 8@iV tr0ng tr9:ng hK. mQc 7; d<ng bGng thng ca0V ngha 8H tr0ng
tr9:ng hK. c?c tc 7 8i+ c/ ccng gi? trB ha, 85n hZn bGng thng AhC d<ngV mi 7e
tGng thMm tc 7 8i+ =+ ui hi tGng t9Zng i Ah? 85n cng 7+Pt tWn hi+ th+ try
.hi bGng thng 9Kc tGng ts 8 65i tGng tc 7 8i+. Tr9:ng hK. nH, 9Kc gi 8H h0@t
ng bB gi5i h@n bDi bGng thng 6d tr0ng tr9:ng hK. nH, mi 7e tGng bGng thng 7{
giCm cng 7+Pt tWn hi+ th+ ,M+ cp+ ch0 mt tc 7 8i+ ch0 tr95c.
_d th U 7; d<ng hi+ *+C cng 7+Pt tWn hi+ th+ ha, tr0ng tr9:ng hK. t)ng
*+?t ts 7 tWn hi+ trMn t@. Em AhC d<ngV bGng thng tr+,=n d>n Wt nhPt .hCi c/ ccng gi?
trB nh9 tc 7 8i+ cpn Cm bC0.
GiC thit rzng cng 7+Pt .h?t Ahng )iV cng 7+Pt tWn hi+ th+ c/ thU 9Kc tGng
8Mn bzng c?ch giCm Ah0Cng c?ch giOa m?, .h?t 6H m?, th+V ha, giCm 7+, ha0 tWn hi+
trMn 9:ng tr+,=n ty m?, .h?t n m?, th+. Khi nH,V tr0ng ABch bCn bB gi5i h@n bDi
cng 7+PtV Wt nhPt 6= mbt 8^ th+,t ta c/ thU tGng tc 7 8i+ AhC d<ng bzng c?ch
giCm Ah0Cng c?ch ngha 8H 6cng .hS. Tr0ng h thng thng tin di ng i=+ nH, t9Zng
Qng 65i giCm AWch th95c 6H 6d th cpn nhi=+ tr@m hZn U ba0 .hS ccng mt din tWch.
Jbc bit 6ic Cm bC0 c?c tc 7 8i+ 65i ccng gi? trB ha, 85n hZn bGng thng AhC
d<ng 1mQc 7; d<ng bGng thng ca03 7{ ui hi giCm AWch th95c rPt 85n. Mt c?ch
Ah?c 8H chs chP. nh-n tc 7 8i+ ca0 ch0 c?c p+ c+i t@i tEm chQ Ahng .hCi trMn
t0Hn b .
"?ch Ah?c U tGng t)ng cng 7+Pt tWn hi+ th+ ch0 mt cng 7+Pt .h?t ch0 tr95c
8H 7; d<ng nhi=+ ant`n t@i .hWa th+ 1.hEn t-. ant`n th+3. "/ thU 7; d<ng nhi=+ ant`n
th+ t@i tr@m gc 1ch0 9:ng 8Mn3 ha, nhi=+ ant`n th+ t@i p+ c+i di ng 1ch0 9:ng
Y+ng3. hzng c?ch At hK. c?c tWn hi+ th+ mt c?ch hK. 8^V ts 7 tWn hi+ trMn t@. Em
c/ thU 9Kc tGng ts 8 65i 7 ant`n th+ 6d th ch0 .hw. @t 9Kc c?c tc 7 8i+ ca0
hZn i 65i mt Ah0Cng c?ch .h?t th+ ch0 tr95c.
Ja ant`n c~ng c/ thU 9Kc ?. d<ng t@i p+ .h?tV th9:ng t@i tr@m gcV 6H 9Kc
7; d<ng U t-. tr+ng t0Hn b cng 7+Pt .h?t 6= .hWa ant`n th+ 1n p+ c+i di ng
Wch3. GiCi .h?. nH, c~ng tGng cng 7+Pt tWn hi+ th+ 6H ch0 .hw. @t 9Kc c?c tc
7 8i+ ca0 i 65i mt Ah0Cng c?ch th+ .h?t ch0 tr95c.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 14
/0
T+, nhiMn 6ic c+ng cP. c?c tc 7 8i+ ca0 bzng c?ch 7; d<ng nhi=+ ant`n
.h?t 6H ant`n th+ chs hi+ *+C n mt mQc nhPt BnhV ngha 8H chyng nH0 c?c tc
7 8i+ nH, cun bB gi5i h@n bDi cng 7+Pt chQ Ahng .hCi bGng thng. hMn ng0Hi
iUm nH,V c?c tc 7 8i+ bat p+ bB bL0 hua 6H mi 7e tGng ti. 7 89Kng ant`n .h?t
ha, ant`n th+ mbc dc c/ cCi thin ts 7 tWn hi+ trMn t@. Em nh9ng 7{ Ahng Cm bC0
tc 7 8i+. T+, nhiMn tdnh tr@ng bL0 hua tc 7 8i+ nH, c/ thU tr?nh 9Kc bzng
c?ch 7; d<ng [ng th:i nhi=+ ant`n t@i .hWa .h?t 6H .hWa th+ bzng 7Z [ ghw. AMnh
Ahng gian ha, cun 9Kc gi 8H MfMg.
Mt giCi .h?. Ah?c U tGng ts 7 tWn hi+ trMn t@. Em 8H giCm cng 7+Pt t@. Em
ha, giCm m-t .h) cng 7+Pt t@. Em t@i m?, th+. 2h9Zng .h?. nH, c/ thU @t 9Kc
bzng c?ch thit A m?, th+ tiMn tin U giCm h 7 t@. Em.
b.Truyn !n "#$ % &# 'i(u $ao "rong $3$ )*$+ b,n b* gi-i +.n b/i n+i4u
Tr0ng c?c ABch bCn thng tin di ng thec tV nhiF+ ty c?c 8En c-n 1nhiF+ giOa
c?c 3 th9:ng gE, ra giCm cP. 9:ng tr+,=n 6 t+,n 85n hZn t@. EmV nhPt 8H tr0ng
tr9:ng hK. nh 6H tCi 89+ 89Kng ca0. Ng0Hi nhiF+ giOa c?c V cun YC, ra nhiF+ ty c?c
tr+,=n d>n Ah?c tr0ng 9Kc Ywt 9Kc gi 8H nhiF+ ni .
vwt 6= nhi=+ mbtV Cnh h9Dng nhiF+ 8Mn 9:ng tr+,=n 6 t+,n c~ng t9Zng te
nh9 Cnh h9Dng cSa t@. Em. "?c ng+,Mn tac 9Kc Ywt tr0ng c?c .hpn trMn c~ng ?. d<ng
9Kc ch0 ABch bCn tr0ng / nhiF+ 8H ng+[n gE, 7+, giCm 9:ng tr+,=n 6 t+,n chWnhj
Khi ch0 tr95c bGng thngV tc 7 8i+ cec @i c/ thU @t 9Kc bB gi5i h@n bDi
ts 7 tWn hi+ trMn nhiF+.
_ic c+ng cP. c?c tc 7 8i+ 85n hZn bGng thng AhC d<ng 1mQc 7; d<ng
bGng thng ca03 7{ tn Awm ty *+an iUm cpn Cm bC0 ts 7 tWn hi+ trMn nhiF+
ca0 mt c?ch Ahng t9Zng YQng.
T9Zng te nh9 c?c ABch bCn i 65i t@. EmV giCm AWch th95c c~ng nh9 c?c A
th+-t a ant`n 8H c?c bin .h?. th`n cht U tGng c?c tc 7 8i+ tr0ng ABch bCn bB
gi5i h@n bDi nhiF+j
GiCm AWch th95c 7{ giCm 7 ng+:i 7; d<ng 6H 6d th 7{ giCm 89+ 89Kng trMn
mt . Nh: 6-, giCm mQc nhiF+ t9Zng i 6d th ch0 .hw. @t 9Kc c?c tc
7 8i+ ca0 hZn.
Kt hK. hK. 8^ c?c tWn hi+ th+ t@i nhi=+ ant`n 7{ tGng ts 7 tWn hi+ trMn nhiF+
7a+ At hK. ant`n.
; d<ng t@0 b. bzng nhi=+ ant`n .h?t 7{ t-. tr+ng cng 7+Pt .h?t 6= .hWa m?,
th+ Wch 6H d>n n giCm nhiF+ 8Mn c?c 9:ng tr+,=n 6 t+,n Ah?c 6H 6d th
cCi thin ts 7 tWn hi+ trMn nhiF+ tr0ng h thng.
/0
Kh?c 65i t@. EmV nhiF+ th9:ng c/ cP+ trc nhPt Bnh 6d th D mt mQc nhPt
Bnh c/ thU de b?0 9Kc nhiF+ 6H c/ thU 80@i b mt .hpn ha, h0Hn t0Hn n/. Ng0Hi ra
c~ng c/ thU 7; d<ng c?c Ah?c bit 6= .h) giOa tWn hi+ Wch 6H tWn hi+ nhiF+ U 80@i
nhiF+ 6H giCm t)ng nhiF+.
2.1.2.Truyn dn tc cao vi bng thng han ch v iu ch bc cao
"+ng cP. c?c tc 7 8i+ ca0 hZn bGng thng AhC d<ng 8H Ahng Ainh t d0
n/ ui hi ts 7 tWn hi+ trMn t@. Em 6H ts 7 tWn hi+ trMn nhiF+ ca0 mt c?ch Ahng
t9Zng YQng t@i m?, th+. T+, 6-, bGng thng th9:ng 8H mt tHi ng+,Mn Ahan him 6H
at ti=n 6H tr0ng mt 7 tr9:ng hK. c/ thU Cm bC0 ts 7 tWn hi+ trMn t@. Em ha, tWn
hi+ trMn nhiF+ ca0V chng h@n tr0ng c?c mi tr9:ng nh 65i 89+ 89Kng thP.. "?c h
thng thng tin di ng t9Zng 8ai 1.h?t triUn cSa 3G 6H hZn nOa3 .hCi 9Kc thit A U
t-n d<ng 9Kc c?c ABch bCn nH,V ngha 8H .hCi c/ AhC nGng c+ng cP. 7 8i+ ca0 tr0ng
mt bGng thng c/ h@n Ahi c?c i=+ Ain 6 t+,n ch0 .hw..
GiCi .h?. Zn giCn nhPt U c+ng cP. c?c tc 7 8i+ ca0 tr0ng bGng thng
tr+,=n d>n ch0 tr95c 8H 7; d<ng i=+ ch b-c ca0V ngha 8H mD rng bCng chO c?i i=+
ch U ba0 g[m nhi=+ c?ch tr+,=n tWn hi+ hZn nhzm ch0 .hw. tr+,=n nhi=+ bB thng
tin hZn trMn mt A^ hi+ i=+ ch.
Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. i=+ ch X2K 17Z [ i=+ ch nH, 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 9:ng
Y+ng cSa !"#M$3V bCng chO c?i i=+ ch ba0 g[m bn c?ch tr+,=n tWn hi+ Ah?c
nha+ trMn mt mbt .hng hai chi=+ 1hdnh 2.2a3. hzng bn c?ch tr+,=n tWn hi+ Ah?c
nha+V X2K ch0 .hw. tr+,=n hai bit thng tin trMn mt A^ hi+ i=+ ch. N+ mD rng
n i=+ ch 1IX$MV I bit thng tin c/ thU 9Kc tr+,=n trMn mt A^ hi+ i=+ ch
1hdnh 2.2b3. MD rng ti. n I4X$MV I bit thng tin c/ thU 9Kc tr+,=n trMn mt A^
hi+ i=+ ch 1hdnh 2.2c3. J[ng th:i bGng thng cSa tWn hi+ 9Kc .h?t Ahng .h<
th+c 6H0 AWch th95c cSa bCng chO c?i i=+ ch mH chs .h< th+c 6H0 tc i=+ ch
ngha 8H 6H0 7 A^ hi+ i=+ ch 9Kc tr+,=n tr0ng mt giE,. Nh9 6-, mQc 7; d<ng
bGng thng cec @i 10 bzng bitq7qH3 cSa 1IX$M 6H I4X$M gP. hai 6H ba 8pn mQc
7; d<ng bGng thng cSa X2K.
"/ rPt nhi=+ 7Z [ i=+ ch c/ thU 7; d<ng 9Kc Ah?c 70 65i c?c 7Z [ trMn hdnh
2.2. _W d< nh9 7Z [ (2K ba0 g[m ( c?ch tr+,=n tin 6H ch0 .hw. 3 bit thng tin
tr+,=n [ng th:i trMn mt AW hi+ i=+ ch.
/0
Hnh 2.2: Cc chm tn hiu i vi: (a) QPSK, (b) 16QAM, (c) 64QAM
_ic 7; d<ng 7Z [ i=+ ch b-c ca0 c+ng cP. AhC nGng @t 9Kc mQc 7;
d<ng bGng thng ca0 hZnV ngha 8H c+ng cP. c?c tc 7 8i+ ca0 hZn tr0ng mt bGng
thng ch0 tr95c. T+, nhiMn mQc 7; d<ng bGng thng ca0 hZn .hCi trC gi? bzng AhC
nGng chB+ t@. Em 6H nhiF+ Awm hZn. N/i mt c?ch Ah?cV c?c 7Z [ i=+ ch 1IX$M
6H I4X$M ui hi k
b
qN
0
t@i m?, th+ ca0 hZn 70 65i X2K i 65i Y?c 7+Pt 8li bit ch0
tr95c. Ji=+ nH, h0Hn t0Hn hK. 8^ bDi mQc 7; d<ng bGng thng ca0 hZn ui hi
k
b
qN
0
th+ ca0 hZn.
a.5iu $+6 b7$ $ao )6" +80 9-i 2: +;a )<n+
"?c 7Z [ i=+ ch b-c ca0 nh9 1IX$M 6H I4X$M ui hi ts 8 k
b
qN
0
ca0 hZn
70 65i X2K i 65i mt ts 7 8li ch0 tr95c. T+, nhiMn Ahi At hK. 65i mL h/a AMnhV
6ic 7; d<ng 7Z [ i=+ ch b-c ca0 7{ trD nMn hi+ *+C hZn tr0ng mt 7 tr9:ng hK.V
ngha 8H n/ ui hi k
b
qN
0
th+ thP. hZn 70 65i 7Z [ i=+ ch b-c thP. X2K i 65i
mt ts 7 8li ch0 tr95c. "hng h@n i=+ nH, c/ thU YC, ra Ahi mQc 7; d<ng bGng
thng ,M+ cp+ c/ thU @t 9Kc bzng i=+ ch b-c thP. 65i Ahng 7; d<ng h0bc 7; d<ng
mL h/a AMnh rPt Wt. Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. nH, mL h/a AMnh b) 7+ng c/ thU ?. d<ng bzng
c?ch 7; d<ng 7Z [ i=+ ch b-c ca0 nh9 1IX$M c/ thU ch0 .hw. @t 9Kc t)ng 8Ki
hi+ 7+Pt 7; d<ng cng 7+Pt 70 65i 7; d<ng X2K.
_W d< nh9 n+ ,M+ cp+ mQc 7; d<ng bGng thng gpn bzng hai bit thng tin
trMn mt A^ hi+V thd 7Z [ X2K chs ch0 .hw. mL h/a AMnh rPt h@n ch 1ts 8 mL gpn
bzng 13. Mbt Ah?c 7; d<ng i=+ ch 1IX$M ch0 .hw. 7; d<ng tx 8 mL 6H0 Ah0Cng
1q2. T9Zng te n+ ui hi mQc 7; d<ng bGng tpn bzng 4 bit thng tin trMn mt A^
hi+V thd 6ic 7; d<ng I4X$M c/ thU hi+ *+C hZn 1IX$M 6d n/ ch0 .hw. 7; d<ng ts
8 mL h/a AMnh thP. hZn 6H 6d th nh-n 9Kc 8Ki mL h/a b) 7+ng.
Nh9 6-, i 65i mt ts 7 tWn hi+ trMn t@. EmqnhiF+ ch0 tr95cV t[n t@i mt 7e
At hK. ti 9+ giOa 7Z [ i=+ ch 6H ts 8 mL h/a AMnh th`0 / thng tin 9Kc tr+,=n
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 1=
/0
65i mQc 7; d<ng bGng thng ca0 nhPt 1tc 7 8i+ ca0 nhPt i 65i bGng thng
ch0 tr95c3.
b.N+=ng bi6n %>i 9 $?ng &u@" 0+3" "A$ "+Bi
Nh9Kc iUm ch+ng cSa c?c 7Z [ i=+ ch b-c ca0 nh9 1IX$M 6H I4X$M 8H
thng tin Ahng chs 9Kc mang bDi .ha mH cun cC bDi biMn cSa 7/ng mang d>n n
tWn hi+ 7a+ i=+ ch c/ c?c tha, )i rPt 85n 6H c?c gi? trB snh 85n tr0ng cng 7+Pt tQc
th:i. Hdnh 2.3 m tC 7e .hEn .h?t cng 7+Pt tQc th:i ch0 c?c tr@ng th?i i=+ ch Ah?c
nha+ 1c/ ccng cng 7+Pt tr+ng bdnh3.
Hnh 2.3: Phn pht cng sut tc thi cho cc so iu ch khc nhau
"?c gi? trB snh 85n tr0ng cng 7+Pt tWn hi+ tQc th:i ui hi .hCi tGng Ah0Cng
8ci tr0ng b Ah+,ch @i cng 7+Pt U dBch ch+,Un iUm cng t?c 6H0 6cng t+,n tWnh
d>n n hi+ 7+Pt ng+[n cSa b Ah+,ch @i cng 7+Pt thP. 6H 8Hm tGng cng tiM+ th<
cng 7+Pt. Ng0Hi ra d0 .hCi 7; d<ng b Ah+,ch @i cng 7+Pt m@nh hZn nMn gi? thHnh
b Ah+,ch @i cng 7+Pt c~ng ca0 hZn. Mt giCi .h?. Ahac .h<c ,+ iUm nH, 8H
giCm cng 7+Pt .h?t tr+ng bdnh ngha 8H giCm dCi ng i 65i mt tc 7 8i+ ch0
tr95c. Hi+ 7+Pt cSa b Ah+,ch @i cng 7+Pt bc bit *+an trng i 65i p+ c+i di
ng 19:ng 8Mn3 d0 p+ c+i di ng .hCi tiM+ th< cng 7+Pt thP. 6H c/ gi? r\. Ji 65i
m?, .h?t tr@m gc 19:ng Y+ng3 i=+ nH, Wt *+an trng hZn 6d th i=+ ch b-c ca0
thWch hK. hZn i 65i 9:ng Y+ng 70 65i 9:ng 8Mn.
Nh9 6-, tr+,=n d>n i 65i mQc 7; d<ng bGng tpn ca0 8H Ahng hi+ *+C 6=
mbt cng 7+Pt 6d n/ ui hi .hCi tGng mt c?ch Ahng t9Zng YQng tx 7 tWn hi+ trMn
t@. Em 6H ts 7 tWn hi+ trMn nhiF+ i 65i mt tc 7 8i+ ch0 tr95c. "hs c/ thU 7;
d<ng c?c 7Z [ i=+ ch b-c ca0 U c+ng cP. c?c tc 7 8i+ ca0 tr0ng mt bGng
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 1
/0
thng h@n ch Ahi c?c mi tr9:ng nh 65i tCi 89+ 89Kng thP. ha, i 65i c?c p+
c+i gpn tr@m gc.
Ng0Hi ra U c+ng cP. c?c tc 7 8i+ ca0 mt c?ch hi+ *+C nhPt Ywt ty *+an
iUm tx 7 tWn hi+ trMn t@. Em 6H tx 7 tWn hi+ trMn nhiF+ 1ha, 6cng .hS tt nhPt3V ta
cpn Cm bC0 bGng thng ti thiU+ .hCi bzng tc 7 8i+.
2.1.3.nh hung ca mi trung truyn sng In truyn dn
Mt 6Pn = *+an trng Cnh h9Dng 8Mn tr+,=n d>n Ahng dE, bGng rng 8H mi
tr9:ng tr+,=n 7/ng ha, AMnh 6 t+,n. 2ha inh a 9:ng trMn AMnh 6 t+,n d>n n
t?n th:i 6H chn 8c tpn 7 8Hm hng tWn hi+ th+. T?n th:i 6H chn 8c tpn 7 YC, ra
Ahi tWn hi+ .h?t tr+,=n n m?, th+ *+a nhi=+ 9:ng tr+,=n 65i trF Ah?c nha+. Nh9
minh ha d95i E,j
Hnh 2.4: Truyn sng a ung gy ra tn thi v chn Ic tn s
#ea trMn *+an h giOa c?c thng 7 tWn hi+ 6H c?c thng 7 AMnh c/ thU .hEn
80@i .ha inh .h@m 6B h. dea trMn hai bc tWnhj trCi trF a 9:ng 6H .ha inh chn 8c
tpn 7 9Kc .hEn 80@i nh9 7a+j
!# 'o ,hEn l+Di L+Di ,ha inh ìû ;i*n
TrCi trF a 9:ng 2ha inh .hng hh
"
V
10 T
2ha inh chn 8c tpn 7 h h
"
V
10 < T
TrCi #0..8`r 2ha inh nhanh TT
"
V hr
#
2ha inh ch-m T T
"
V hr
#
kng 1.5% !-c l+Di ,ha inh ,hDm vi hu,
Tr0ng / h 8H rng bGng tpn tWn hi+V h
"
8H bGng thng nhPt *+?nV r
#
8H trCi
#0..8`rV T 8H ch+ Ad A^ hi+ 6H
8H trCi trF tr+ng bdnh *+En .h9Zng.

2.2.1%& bi2#3 th4ch 5ng 67ng tr#$-n 89 H+:;
"/ nhi=+ tha, )i nhanh 6H ng>+ nhiMn tr0ng chPt 89Kng cSa tyng 9:ng tr+,=n
6 t+,n tr0ng mt 6H c?c tha, )i nH, cpn 9Kc Y`m Ywt c~ng nh9 Ahai th?c mt
c?ch c/ 8Ki. a+ E, 7{ Y`m Ywt mt 7 A th+-t Y; 8^ c?c tha, )i chPt 89Kng 9:ng
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 1<
/0
tr+,=n 6 t+,n tQc th:i. T-. biU+ .h< th+c AMnh tr0ng c?c h thng thng tin di ng
giCi *+,t 6Pn = 6= c?ch thQc chia 7\ c?c tHi ng+,Mn 6 t+,n giOa c?c ng9:i 7; d<ng
1c?c p+ c+i di ng3 Ah?c nha+ tr0ng h thng U @t 9Kc hi+ 7+Pt 7; d<ng tHi
ng+,Mn tt nhPt. Ngha 8H giCm thiU+ 89Kng tHi ng+,Mn cpn thit ch0 mt ng9:i 7; d<ng
6d th ch0 .hw. nhi=+ ng9:i dcng hZn tr0ng h thng tr0ng Ahi 6>n ?. Qng 9Kc c?c
,M+ cp+ chPt 89Kng dBch 6<. TiMn *+an m-t thit 65i 8-. biU+ 8H thWch Qng 9:ng
tr+,=n. ThWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n giCi *+,t 6Pn = 8iMn *+an n c?ch thit 8-. c?c
thng 7 tr+,=n d>n cSa 9:ng tr+,=n 6 t+,n U Y; 8^ c?c tha, )i chPt 89Kng 9:ng
tr+,=n 6 t+,n.
"C 8-. biU+ .h< th+c AMnh 6H thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n =+ nhzm Ahai th?c tt
nhPt c?c tha, )i AMnh thng *+a c?c *+? trdnh Y; 8^ thWch hK. tr95c Ahi tr+,=n d>n 7
8i+. T+, nhiMn d0 tWnh chPt ng>+ nhiMn cSa c?c tha, )i chPt 89Kng 9:ng tr+,=n 6
t+,nV Ahng ba0 gi: c/ thU @t 9Kc thWch Qng chPt 89Kng AMnh 6 t+,n tQc th:i mt
c?ch h0Hn hC0. H$%X 1H,brid $%Xj $%X 8ai ghw.3 6d th rPt hO+ Wch. H$%X ui hi
.h?t 8@i c?c g/i th+ bB 8li. "/ thU c0i E, nh9 8H mt cZ ch Y; 8^ chPt 89Kng AMnh 6
t+,n tQc th:i 7a+ tr+,=n d>n 6H b) 7+ng rPt tt ch0 8-. biU+ .h< th+c chPt 89Kng
AMnh 6H thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n. H$%X c~ng .h<c 6< ch0 6ic Y; 8^ c?c 8li ng>+
nhiMn d0 t@. Em tr0ng m?, th+.
2.2.1.Thch ng ung truyn vi iu khin cng sut v tc s Iiu
Ji=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt ng thec hin i=+ chsnh cng 7+Pt .h?t cSa 9:ng
tr+,=n 6 t+,n U bc try c?c tha, )i 6H c?c 7e Ah?c nha+ cSa c?c i=+ Ain AMnh tQc
th:i. M<c Wch cSa i=+ chsnh nH, 8H U d+, trd k
b
qN
0
Ahng )i t@i m?, th+ U tr+,=n
thHnh cng 7 8i+ mH Ahng bB Y?c 7+Pt 8li *+? ca0. _= ng+,Mn 8^V i=+ AhiUn cng
7+Pt .h?t tGng cng 7+Pt t@i m?, .h?t Ahi c?c i=+ Ain AMnh 6 t+,n t[i 6H ng9Kc 8@i.
Nh9 6-, 6= bCn chPt cng 7+Pt .h?t ts 8 nghBch 65i chPt 89Kng AMnh 1hdnh 2.'a3. Kt
*+C i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt ch0 .hw. Cm bC0 tc 7 8i+ Ahng )i Ahng .h< th+c
6H0 c?c tha, )i AMnh. Ji 65i c?c dBch 6< nh9 th0@i ch+,Un m@ch AMnh i=+ nH, rPt
cpn thit. "/ thU c0i i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt 8H mt 80@i thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n tr0ng /
i=+ AhiUn c?c thng 7 tr+,=n d>n 9Kc thec hin U thWch Qng 65i c?c i=+ Ain AMnh
tQc th:i Ah?c nha+ nhzm d+, trd mQc k
b
qN
0
,M+ cp+.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 /@
/0
Hnh 2.5: (a) iu khin cng sut, (b) iu khin tc
Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. 89+ 89Kng g/iV Ahng nhPt thit .hCi Cm bC0 tc 7 8i+
Ahng )i trMn AMnh 6 t+,n. Tr0ng c?c tr9:ng hK. nH, i=+ *+an trng i 65i
ng9:i 7; d<ng 8H Cm bC0 tc 7 8i+ ca0 t5i mQc c/ thU. Khi / mt giCi .h?. tha,
th ch0 i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt 8H thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n bzng c?ch i=+ AhiUn tc
ng. Ji=+ AhiUn tc ng Ahng h95ng n d+, trd tc 7 8i+ tQc th:i cSa
9:ng tr+,=n 6 t+,n Ahng )i tr0ng mi i=+ Ain AMnh tQc th:i. _5i i=+ AhiUn
tc V tc 7 8i+ 9Kc i=+ chsnh U bc try 7e tha, )i i=+ Ain AMnh tQc th:i.
Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. c?c i=+ Ain AMnh th+-n 8KiV tc 7 8i+ 9Kc tGng 6H ng9Kc 8@i.
Nh9 6-, i=+ AhiUn tc d+, trd k
b
qN
0
2q1%.N
0
3 t@i mQc ,M+ cp+ Ahng .hCi bzng
c?ch tha, )i cng 7+Pt 2 mH bzng c?ch tha, )i tc 7 8i+ % 1hdnh 2.'b3.
_= ng+,Mn 8^V i=+ AhiUn tc 6>n ch0 .hw. b Ah+,ch @i .h?t t0Hn b
cng 7+Pt 6H 6d th 9Kc 7; d<ng hi+ 7+Pt hZn. Mbt Ah?c i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt d>n
n tr0ng nhi=+ tr9:ng hK. b Ah+,ch @i cng 7+Pt Ahng 9Kc 7; d<ng hi+ *+C 6d
cng 7+Pt tr+,=n d>n thP. hZn cng 7+Pt cec @i.
Tr0ng thec t tc 7 8i+ cSa 9:ng tr+,=n 6 t+,n 9Kc i=+ chsnh bzng
c?ch i=+ chsnh 7Z [ i=+ ch 6H ts 8 mL h/a AMnh. Tr0ng c?c i=+ Ain 9:ng tr+,=n
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 /5
/0
6 t+,n th+-n 8KiV k
b
qN
0
t@i m?, th+ ca0 6H h@n ch tc 7 8i+ chS ,+ 8H bGng
thng. _d th tr0ng c?c i=+ Ain nh9 6-,V 7Z [ i=+ ch b-c ca0 11IX$M h0bc
I4X$M3 ccng 65i ts 8 mL ca0 9Kc 7; d<ng. Tr?i 8@i tr0ng c?c i=+ Ain 9:ng
tr+,=n 6 t+,n YP+V 7Z [ i=+ ch b-c thP. 1X2K chng h@n3 ccng 65i ts 8 mL thP.
9Kc 7; d<ng. _d thV thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n bzng i=+ AhiUn tc cun 9Kc gi 8H
i=+ ch 6H mL h/a thWch Qng 1$M"j $da.ti6` M0d+8ati0n and "0ding3.
2.2.2.Lp biu ph thuc knh ung xung
T-. biU+ i=+ AhiUn 6ic Pn Bnh c?c tHi ng+,Mn chia 7\ giOa c?c ng9:i 7; d<ng
t@i tyng th:i iUm. N/ 8iMn *+an m-t thit 65i thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n 6H 9Kc c0i nh9
mt chQc nGng 8iMn At. Ng+,Mn 8^ 8-. biU+ c~ng nh9 6ic chia 7\ c?c tHi ng+,Mn giOa
c?c ng9:i 7; d<ng .h< th+c 6H0 c?c bc tWnh cSa gia0 din 6 t+,nV 6H0 6ic 9:ng
tr+,=n 8H 9:ng 8Mn ha, 9:ng Y+ng 6H 6H0 6ic tr+,=n d>n cSa c?c ng9:i 7; d<ng
Ah?c nha+ c/ trec gia0 ha, Ahng.
TrMn 9:ng Y+ngV thng th9:ng tr+,=n d>n n c?c p+ c+i di ng Ah?c
nha+ trec gia0 65i nha+V ngha 8H 6= 8^ th+,tV Ahng YC, ra nhiF+ giOa c?c tr+,=n d>n
1Ahng c/ nhiF+ ni 3. Trec gia0 ni 9:ng Y+ng c/ thU @t 9Kc tr0ng mi=n th:i
gian bzng T#M 1ghw. AMnh .hEn chia th`0 th:i gian3V tr0ng mi=n tpn 7 bzng i#M
1ghw. AMnh .hEn chia th`0 tpn 73 6H tr0ng mi=n mL bzng "#M 1ghw. AMnh .hEn chia
th`0 mL3. Ng0Hi ra mi=n Ahng gian c~ng c/ thU 9Kc 7; d<ng U .hEn t?ch c?c ng9:i
7; d<ng bzng c?ch 7a. Y. c?c ant`n. "?ch nH, th9:ng 9Kc gi 8H ghw. AMnh Ahng
gian 1#Mj .atia8 #i6i7i0n M+8ti.8`Ying3 c/ thU 9Kc 7; d<ng At hK. 65i c?c
.h9Zng .h?. ghw. AMnh n/i trMn.
Ji 65i 7 8i+ g/iV tr0ng / 89+ 89Kng th9:ng mang tWnh c<mV thd 6= 8^ th+,t
T#M 8H thWch hK. hZn cC nMn thng th9:ng E, 8H .hpn t; chWnh trMn 9:ng Y+ng.
T+, nhiMn T#M th9:ng 9Kc At hK. 65i 6ic chia 7\ tHi ng+,Mn 6 t+,n tr0ng mi=n
tpn 7 1i#M3 h0bc tr0ng mi=n mL 1"#M3. Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. H#2$V ghw. AMnh
9:ng Y+ng 8H At hK. T#M 6H "#M.
Khi tr+,=n d>n n c?c ng9:i 7; d<ng Ah?c nha+ YC, ra [ng th:i h0bc bzng
i#M h0bc bzng "#MV c~ng YC, ra 6ic chia 7\ t0Hn b cng 7+Pt .h?t cSa . N/i mt
c?ch Ah?cV Ahng chs c/ c?c tHi ng+,Mn th:i gianqtpn 7qmL 9Kc chia 7\ mH cun cC tHi
ng+,Mn cng 7+Pt tr0ng tr@m gc. Tr?i 8@i tr0ng tr9:ng hK. chs chia 7\ tHi ng+,Mn th:i
gianV 7{ chs c/ mt tr+,=n d>n t@i mt th:i iUm 6H 6d th 7{ Ahng YC, ra chia 7\ tQc
th:i t)ng cng 7+Pt .h?t AhC d<ng cSa .
GiC thit rzng 8c p+ 9:ng Y+ng 7; d<ng T#M 65i 8-. biU+ ch0 mt ng9:i
7; d<ng t@i mt th:i iUm. Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. nH,V mQc 7; d<ng AMnh 6 t+,n 7{
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 /1
/0
cec @i n+ t@i mt th:i iUmV t0Hn b tHi ng+,Mn 7{ 9Kc Pn Bnh ch0 ng9:i 7; d<ng
nH, 65i i=+ Ain AMnh tQc th:i tt nhPtj
Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n dea trMn i=+ AhiUn cng 7+PtV i=+ nH,
c/ ngha 8H i 65i tc 7 8i+ ch0 tr95c cng 7+Pt .h?t c/ thU thP. nhPt 6H 6d th giCm
thiU+ nhiF+ tr+,=n d>n n c?c Ah?c Ahi mQc 7; d<ng 9:ng tr+,=n ch0 tr95c.
Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n dea trMn i=+ AhiUn tc V i=+ nH,
c/ ngha 8H i 65i cng 7+Pt .h?t ch0 tr95cV ha, n/i mt c?ch Ah?c i 65i nhiF+ n
c?c Ah?c ch0 tr95cV mQc 7; d<ng 9:ng tr+,=n @t 9Kc ca0 nhPt.
T+, nhiMn n+ ?. d<ng ch0 9:ng Y+ngV i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt .h?t At hK. 65i
8-. biU+ T#M c/ ngha 8H t0Hn b cng 7+Pt .h?t AhC d<ng tr0ng hp+ ht c?c tr9:ng hK.
7{ Ahng 9Kc 7; d<ng ht. "hWnh 6d 8^ d0 nH, i=+ AhiUn tc 9Kc 9a dcng hZn.
"hin 89Kc trMn 8H mt 6W d< 6= 8-. biU+ .h< th+c AMnh tr0ng / b 8-. biU+ Ywt
c?c i=+ Ain 9:ng tr+,=n 6 t+,n tQc th:i. T-. biU+ ng9:i 7; d<ng th`0 c?c i=+ Ain
9:ng tr+,=n 6 t+,n tQc th:i tt nhPt th9:ng 9Kc gi 8H 8-. biU+ tx 7 tWn hi+ trMn
nhiF+ cec @i 1maY]"qf3 ha, tc cec @i. _d tr0ng mt V c?c i=+ Ain cSa c?c 9:ng
tr+,=n 6 t+,n Ah?c nha+ th9:ng tha, )i c 8-.V t@i mli th:i iUm hp+ nh9 8+n c/
mt 9:ng tr+,=n 6 t+,n 65i chPt 89Kng gpn nh9 cec @i 1hdnh 2.I3. _d th AMnh 9Kc
7; d<ng ch0 tr+,=n d>n 7{ c/ chPt 89Kng ca0 nhPt 6H 65i i=+ AhiUn tc V tc 7 8i+
ca0 nhPt c/ thU 9Kc 7; d<ng. Ji=+ nH, d>n n d+ng 89Kng h thng ca0. 2h9Zng .h?.
U nh-n 9Kc 8Ki tr0ng / tr+,=n d>n 9Kc thec hin i 65i c?c ng9:i 7; d<ng c/
i=+ Ain 9:ng tr+,=n 6 t+,n th+-n 8Ki th9:ng 9Kc gi 8H .hEn t-. ng9:i 7; d<ng.
Tr0ng / tha, )i AMnh cHng 85n 6H 7 ng9:i 7; d<ng cHng 85n thd 8Ki cHng 85n. _d
th tr?i ng9Kc 65i *+an iUm tr+,=n thng rzng .ha inh nhanh 1ngha 8H tha, )i chPt
89Kng AMnh 6 t+,n nhanh3 gE, Cnh h9Dng tiM+ cec 6H cpn .hCi chng tr0ng thec t 65i
8-. biU+ .h< th+c AMnh thd .ha inh 8@i c/ 8Ki 6H cpn Ahai th?c.
Hnh 2.6: Lp biu ph thuc knh
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 //
/0
_= mbt t0?n hcV b 8-. biU+ maY]"qf 1tc cec @i3 c/ thU 9Kc biU+ diFn
nh9 *+? trdnh 8-. biU+ ng9:i 7; d<ng A nh9 7a+j
i
i
R ) maY arg
12.'3
Tr0ng / %
i
8H tc 7 8i+ tQc th:i cec @i i 65i ng9:i 7; d<ng i. Mbc dc ty
*+an iUm d+ng 89Kng h thngV 8-. biU+ maY]"qf 8H c/ 8Ki. T+, nhiMn ng+,Mn 8^ 8-.
biU+ nH, Ahng cng bzng tr0ng tPt cC c?c i=+ Ain 6H c?c tha, )i 85n tr0ng c?c i=+
Ain AMnh tQc th:i chs YC, ra d0 .ha inh nhanh. "hs Ahi / c?c ng9:i 7; d<ng m5i
nh-n 9Kc tc 7 8i+ tr+ng bdnh nh9 nha+. Thng th9:ng ng9:i 7; d<ng Ahng thU
nh-n bit 9Kc c?c tha, )i tc tQc th:i 6H nhanh. T+, nhiMn tr0ng thec t c?c p+
c+i di ng 7{ trCi nghim cC c?c Ah?c bit tr0ng c?c i=+ Ain AMnh tr+ng bdnh 1ngan
h@n3 chng h@n d0 Ah0Cng c?ch Ah?c nha+ 6H d0 .ha inh ch` ti giOa tr@m gc 6H p+
c+i di ng. Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. nH, c?c i=+ Ain AMnh mH mt p+ c+i di ng .hCi
trCi nghim 1tr0ng mt th:i gian dHi3 c/ thU t[i hZn c?c i=+ Ain AMnh mH c?c p+ c+i
di ng Ah?c .hCi trCi nghim. _d th chin 89Kc maY]"qf th+pn t, c/ thU 8Hm cht
/i p+ c+i di ng c/ c?c i=+ Ain AMnh t[iV 6H p+ c+i c/ c?c i=+ Ain AMnh t[i
nH, 7{ Ahng ba0 gi: 9Kc 8-. biU+. Ji=+ nH, 9Kc minh ha trMn hdnh 2.&aV tr0ng /
b 8-. biU+ maY]"qf 9Kc 7; d<ng U 8-. biU+ giOa hai ng9:i 7; d<ng Ah?c nha+ c/
chPt 89Kng AMnh tr+ng bdnh Ah?c nha+. Hp+ nh9 t0Hn b th:i gian chs c/ mt ng9:i 7;
d<ng 9Kc 8-. biU+. Mbc dc ch0 .hw. nh-n 9Kc d+ng 89Kng h thng ca0 nh9ng tdnh
tr@ng nH, Ahng thU chP. nh-n 9Kc ty *+an iUm chPt 89Kng dBch 6<.
Mt giCi .h?. Ah?c ch0 chin 89Kc 8-. biU+ maY]"qf 9Kc gi 8H 8-. biU+ *+a,
6ung 9Kc m tC trMn hdnh 2.&b. "hin 89Kc 8-. biU+ nH, ch0 .hw. c?c ng9:i 7; d<ng
chia 7\ tHi ng+,Mn mL Ahng Ywt n c?c i=+ Ain AMnh tQc th:i. T-. biU+ *+a, 6ung
c/ thU 9Kc c0i 8H 8-. biU+ cng bzng tr0ng / Ahi 89Kng tHi ng+,Mn nh9 nha+
1Ah0Cng th:i gian nh9 nha+3 9Kc .hEn ch0 mi 9:ng tr+,=n thng tin. T+, nhiMn 8-.
biU+ *+a, 6ung Ahng cng bzng 6= mbt Cm bC0 chPt 89Kng AMnh ging nha+ ch0 tPt
cC c?c 9:ng tr+,=n tin. Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. nH, cpn dHnh nhi=+ tHi ng+,Mn 6 t+,n
1th:i gian3 hZn ch0 c?c 9:ng tr+,=n tin c/ i=+ Ain AMnh tQc th:i tr0ng *+? trdnh 8-.
biU+ 6H i=+ nH, d>n n t)ng hi+ nGng h thng thP. hZn nh9ng chPt 89Kng dBch 6<
giOa c?c 9:ng tr+,=n tin Ah?c nha+ cEn bzng hZn 70 65i 8-. biU+ maY]"qf.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 /4
/0
Hnh 2.7: V d v ba hnh vi Ip biu khc nhau: (a) max C/I, (b) quay vng,
(c) cng bng ti I
"hin 89Kc 8-. biU+ .hCi c/ AhC nGng t-n d<ng 9Kc c?c tha, )i nhanh cSa
AMnh U cCi thin thng 89Kng tr0ng Ahi 6>n Cm bC0 thng 89Kng tr+ng bdnh cSa
tyng ng9:i 7; d<ng nh9 nha+ ch0 tPt cC c?c ng9:i 7; d<ng ha, Wt nhPt 8H Cm bC0
9Kc thng 89Kng ng9:i 7; d<ng ti thiU+ ch0 tPt cC c?c ng9:i 7; d<ng. Khi .hEn tWch
6H 70 7?nh c?c giCi th+-t 8-. biU+ Ah?c nha+V i=+ *+an trng 8H .hCi .hEn bit c?c AiU+
tha, )i chPt 89Kng dBch 6< Ah?c nha+j
Tha, )i nhanh chPt 89Kng dBch 6< t9Zng QngV chng h@nV .ha inh a 9:ng
nhanh ha, tha, )i nhanh mQc nhiF+. Ji 65i nhi=+ Qng d<ng 7 8i+ g/iV c?c
tha, )i ngan h@n Ah? 85n cSa chPt 89Kng dBch 6< th9:ng c/ thU chP. nh-n h0bc
th-m chW Ahng .h?t hin 9Kc i 65i ng9:i 7; d<ng.
"?c Ah?c bit dHi h@n tr0ng chPt 89Kng dBch 6< giOa c?c 9:ng tr+,=n tin Ah?c
nha+ t9Zng Qng 65iV chng h@nV c?c Ah?c nha+ 6= Ah0Cng c?ch n tr@m gc 6H
.ha inh ch` ti. Tr0ng nhi=+ tr9:ng hK. cpn h@n ch c?c Ah?c bit nH, tr0ng
chPt 89Kng dBch 6<.
_d th mt b 8-. biU+ thec t .hCi 8Hm 6ic t@i mt 6B trW nH0 / giOa b 8-.
biU+ maY]"qf 6H b 8-. biU+ *+a, 6ung U t-n d<ng nhi=+ nhPt c?c tha, )i nha+ tr0ng
c?c i=+ Ain AMnh mH 6>n tha mLn D mt mQc nH0 / 7e cng bzng giOa c?c
ng9:i 7; d<ng.
Mt 6W d< 6= b 8-. biU+ AiU+ nH, 8H b 8-. biU+ cng bzng ts 8 9Kc minh h0@
trMn hdnh 2.&c. Tr0ng chin 89Kc nH,V c?c tHi ng+,Mn chia 7\ 9Kc Pn Bnh ch0 ng9:i 7;
d<ng c/ i=+ Ain AMnh 6 t+,n tt nhPt mt c?ch t9Zng iV ngha 8H t@i mli th:i
iUmV ng9:i 7; d<ng A 9Kc chn ch0 tr+,=n d>n th`0 i=+ Ain 7a+j
i
i
i
R
R
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12.I3
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 /H
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Tr0ng / %
i
8H tc 7 8i+ tQc th:i ng9:i 7; d<ng i 6H i
R
8H tc 7 8i+
tr+ng bdnh i 65i ng9:i 7; d<ng i. Tc tr+ng bdnh 9Kc tWnh trMn mt ch+ Ad 8P,
tr+ng bdnh ch0 tr95c T
2i
. JU Cm bC0 6ic 7; d<ng hi+ *+C c?c tha, )i AMnh ngan
h@n 6H [ng th:i gi5i h@n c?c Ah?c bit dHi h@n n mt mQc chP. nh-nV hzng 7 th:i
gian T
2i
.hCi 9Kc bt 85n hZn hzng 7 th:i gian i 65i c?c tha, )i ngan h@n. J[ng
th:i T
2i
.hCi S ngan U c?c tha, )i chPt 89Kng dBch 6< tr0ng Ah0Cng T
2i
Ahng bB
ng9:i 7; d<ng nh-n *+? rt. Thng th9:ng T
2i
c/ thU 9Kc bt 6Hi giE,.
trMn giC thit rzng c?c tHi ng+,Mn 6 t+,n trMn 9:ng Y+ng 9Kc Pn Bnh
ch0 mt ng9:i 7; d<ng t@i mt th:i iUmV ngha 8H *+? trdnh 8-. biU+ chs 9Kc thec
hin th+pn t, tr0ng mi=n th:i gian bzng c?ch 7; d<ng T#M. T+, nhiMn tr0ng mt 7
tr9:ng hK.V T#M 9Kc At hK. 65i "#M 6H i#M. _= ng+,Mn tacV c/ hai 8^ d0 U
Ahng chs 7; d<ng mt mdnh T#M ch0 9:ng Y+ng nh9 7a+j
Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. Ahng S tCiV ngha 8H Ahi 89Kng 7 8i+ cpn tr+,=n n mt
ng9:i 7; d<ng Ahng S 85n U t-n d<ng t0Hn b d+ng 89Kng AMnh 6H mt .hpn
tHi ng+,Mn c/ thU Pn Bnh ch0 ng9:i 7; d<ng Ah?c h0bc bzng "#M h0bc bzng
i#M.
Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. c?c tha, )i AMnh tr0ng mi=n tpn 7 9Kc Ahai th?c bzng c?ch
7; d<ng i#M d95i E,.
"?c chin 89Kc 8-. biU+ tr0ng c?c tr9:ng hK. nH, c/ thU 9Kc c0i 8H t)ng *+?t
h/a cSa c?c 7Z [ L Ywt ch0 c?c tr9:ng hK. chs 7; d<ng T#M. "hng h@nV U Y; 8^
c?c tCi tin nhV c/ thU 7; d<ng .h9Zng .h?. 8Hm n0 7e thm GnV tr0ng / ng9:i 7;
d<ng 9Kc 8-. biU+ 9Kc chn th`0 maY]"qf 1ha, mt 7Z [ 8-. biU+ Ah?c bPt Ad3. a+
Ahi ng9:i 7; d<ng nH, L 9Kc Pn Bnh tHi ng+,Mn .hc hK. 65i Ahi 89Kng 7 8i+
ang Ki tr+,=n d>nV ng9:i 7; d<ng tt nhPt thQ hai 9Kc chn 1th`0 chin 89Kc 8-.
biU+ nH,3 6H 9Kc Pn Bnh 1mt .hpn3 tHi ng+,Mn d9 6H cQ ti. t<c nh9 6-,.
"pn 89+ ^ rzng giCi th+-t 8-. biU+ 8H 6Pn = cSa 6ic thec hin tr@m gc chQ
Ahng .hCi 8H 6Pn = 9Kc bc tC tr0ng mi tiM+ ch+n. Ji=+ cpn 9Kc bc tC tr0ng tiM+
ch+n U hl trK 8-. biU+ .h< th+c AMnh 8H 0 @cqb?0 c?0 chPt 89Kng AMnh 6H b?0 hi+
cpn thit ch0 6ic cP. .h?t tHi ng+,Mn ng.
2.2.3.Cc so pht Iai tin tin
#0 7e tha, )i chPt 89Kng tWn hi+ th+V tr+,=n d>n trMn c?c AMnh Ahng dE, bB
mac 8li. mQc nhPt Bnh c/ thU chng 8@i Cnh h9Dng cSa c?c tha, )i nH, bzng
c?ch 7; d<ng thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n. T+, nhiMn Ahng thU 80@i b 9Kc c?c tha, )i
Ahng thU de b?0 9Kc nhiF+ cSa t@. Em. _d th hp+ ht c?c h thng thng tin Ahng
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 /I
/0
dE, =+ 7; d<ng mL h/a 7;a 8li tr95c 1ik"3. Ng+,Mn 8^ cZ 7D cSa mL 7;a 8li tr95c 8H
9a c?c bit d9 6H0 tWn hi+ cpn .h?t. Ji=+ nH, @t 9Kc bzng c?ch cng c?c bit chn 8\
6H0 c?c bit thng tin tr95c Ahi tr+,=n d>n. "?c bit chn 8\ 9Kc tWnh t0?n ty c?c bit
thng tin tc, th`0 cP+ trc mL h/a 9Kc 7; d<ng. _d th 7 bit 9Kc .h?t trMn AMnh 85n
hZn 7 bit thng tin gc 6H mt 89Kng d9 L 9Kc 9a 6H0 tWn hi+ .h?t.
Mt c?ch Ah?c U Y; 8^ c?c 8li tr+,=n d>n 8H 7; d<ng ,M+ cp+ .h?t 8@i te ng
1$%Xj $+t0matic %`.àt %`*+`7t3. Tr0ng 7Z [ $%XV m?, th+ 7; d<ng mL .h?t hin
8liV th9:ng 8H mL 6ung d9 "%" 1",c8ic %`d+ndanc, "h`cA3 U .h?t hin 8li tr0ng g/i
7 8i+ th+V 7 8i+ th+ 9Kc thng b?0 8H Ahng mac 8li 6H m?, th+ thng b?0 i=+ nH,
ch0 m?, .h?t bzng c?ch .h?t i cng nh-n 1$"K3. Tr?i 8@i n+ 8li bB .h?t hin m?,
th+ 7{ 80@i b 7 8i+ th+ 6a thng b?0 ch0 m?, bzng c?ch g;i i .hS nh-n 1N$K3.
J?. 8@i N$KV m?, .h?t 8@i thng tin ging nh9 L g;i.
Hp+ ht c?c h thng thng tin hin @i AU cC !"#M$ 6H cdma2000 =+ 7;
d<ng At hK. mL h/a 7;a 8li tr95c 6H $%XV At hK. nH, 9Kc gi 8H $%X 8ai ghw.
1H$%X3. H$%X 7; d<ng c?c mL 7;a 8li tr95c U hi+ chsnh mt t-. c0n cSa tPt cC c?c
8li 6H dea trMn .h?t hin 8li U .h?t hin c?c 8li Ahng thU 7;a. "?c g/i 7 8i+ th+ 8li
bB 80@i b 6H m?, th+ ,M+ cp+ .h?t 8@i c?c g/i hng. Hp+ ht c?c 7Z [ H$%X 7; d<ng
mL "%" U .h?t hin 8li 6H c?c mL t+rb0 6H mL Y0an U 7;a 8liV nh9ng 6= ng+,Mn tac
c/ thU 7; d<ng mL 7;a 8li 6H hi+ chsnh 8li bPt Ad.
2.2.4.HARQ vi kt hp mm
H0@t ng H$%X m tC D trMn thec hin Y/a c?c g/i bB 8li 6H ,M+ cp+ .h?t 8@i
chng. T+, nhiMn mbc dc Ahng thU giCi mL c?c g/i nH,V tWn hi+ th+ 9Kc nH, 6>n
chQa thng tin 6H thng tin nH, 7{ mPt n+ Y/a c?c g/i th+ mac 8li. Nh9Kc iUm nH,
9Kc Ahac .h<c bzng c?ch 7; d<ng H$%X 65i At hK. m=m. Tr0ng 7Z [ H$%X 65i
At hK. m=mV g/i mac 8li 9Kc 89+ 8@i tr0ng b nh5 m 6H 7a+ / 9Kc At hK. 65i
g/i 9Kc .h?t 8@i U nh-n 9Kc mt g/i d+, nhPt tin c-, hZn c?c g/i thHnh .hpn. GiCi
mL 7;a 8li 9Kc thec hin trMn tWn hi+ At hK.. N+ giCi mL thPt b@i 1"%" 9Kc 7;
d<ng U .h?t hin i=+ nH,3V .h?t 8@i 9Kc ,M+ cp+.
Th`0 *+i BnhV .h?t 8@i tr0ng mi 7Z [ H$%X .hCi thU hin ccng t-. bit thng
tin nh9 tr+,=n d>n gc. T+, nhiMn t-. bit 9Kc mL h/a 6H 9Kc .h?t tr0ng mli 8pn .h?t
8@i c/ thU 9Kc 8ea chn th`0 c?ch Ah?c nha+ chyng nH0 chng 6>n cun thU hin ccng
t-. bit thng tin. _d th H$%X 65i At hK. m=m 9Kc chia thHnh 80@i 7Gn bat 6H d9
tGng .h< th+c 6H0 6ic c/ ui hi .h?t 8@i t9Zng te nh9 8pn .h?t ban p+ ha, Ahng
1ha, chs .h?t .hpn d9 tGng3.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 /=
/0
Hnh 2.8: V d kt hp sn bt
Hnh 2.9: V d v kt hp du tng
Kt hK. 7Gn bat 9Kc thec hin 65i 6ic .h?t 8@i ccng t-. c?c bit 9Kc mL h/a
ging nh9 8pn tr+,=n p+ tiMn. a+ mli 8pn .h?t 8@iV m?, th+ 7; d<ng At hK. ts 8 cec
@i U At hK. tyng bit th+ 9Kc 65i c?c bit cSa c?c 8pn tr+,=n d>n tr95c 6H tWn hi+
7a+ At hK. 9Kc 9a n b giCi mL. _d .h?t 8@i 8H bCn 7a0 cSa 8pn .h?t p+ tiMn nMn
c/ thU c0i .h?t 8@i 65i At hK. 7Gn bat 8H mt d@ng mL h/a 8b.. _d th Ahng c/ d9
m5i 9Kc .h?t. Kt hK. 7Gn bat Ahng ch0 thMm 8Ki mL h/a mH chs tGng ts 7 k
b
qN
0
tWch 8~, ch0 mli 8pn .h?t 8@i 1hdnh 2.(3.
_5i At hK. d9 tGng 1f%j fncr`m`nta8 %`d+ndanc,3V mli 8pn .h?t 8@i Ahng
ging nh9 8pn .h?t p+ tiMn. Tha, 6H0 /V nhi=+ t-. c?c bit 9Kc mL h/a 9Kc thHnh
8-. tr0ng / mli t-. thU hin ccng mt t-. c?c bit thng tin. Mli Ahi cpn .h?t 8@iV .h?t
8@i 7{ 7; d<ng mt t-. c?c bit 9Kc mL h/a Ah?c 65i 8pn .h?t tr95c /. M?, th+ At
hK. .h?t 8@i nH, 65i c?c 8pn .h?t tr95c cSa ccng mt g/i. _d .h?t 8@i nH, c/ thU chQa
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 /
/0
c?c bit chn 8\ b) 7+ng Ahng c/ tr0ng c?c 8pn .h?t 8@i tr95c nMn ts 8 mL t)ng hK. 7{
9Kc giCm 7a+ mli 8pn .h?t 8@i. Ng0Hi ra mli .h?t 8@i Ahng nhPt thit .hCi chQa ccng
7 bit 9Kc mL h/a nh9 .h?t gc 6H t)ng *+?t 7Z [ i=+ ch c/ thU Ah?c nha+ ch0 c?c
8pn .h?t 8@i Ah?c nha+. _d th c/ thU c0i At hK. d9 tGng nh9 8H t)ng *+?t h/a cSa
At hK. 7Gn bat ha, ng9Kc 8@i At hK. 7Gn bat nh9 8H tr9:ng hK. bc bit cSa At hK.
d9 tGng.
Thng th9:ng At hK. d9 tGng 9Kc YE, deng trMn mt ts 8 thP. 6H c?c
.hiMn bCn d9 Ah?c nha+ 9Kc t@0 ra bzng c?ch chWch b mt 7 bit p+ ra cSa b mL
h/a. Tr0ng 8pn .h?t p+V chs mt 7 c/ h@n c?c bit 9Kc mL h/a 8H 9Kc .h?t 6d th ts 8
mL ca0. Tr0ng 8pn .h?t 8@iV c?c bit 9Kc mL h/a b) 7+ng 9Kc .h?t. "hng h@n giC
thit rzng mL c/ t+rb0 ts 8 cZ 7D 1q4 1cQ mt bit thng tin thd c/ ba bit 9Kc mL h/a3.
Tr0ng 8pn .h?t p+ tr0ng 7 ba bit 9Kc mL h/a thd mt bit 9Kc .h?t 6d th ts 8 mL 8H
3q4 1hdnh 2.43. Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. giCi mL bB 8li 6H c/ ,M+ cp+ .h?t 8@i ti. th`0V bit
9Kc mL h/a b) 7+ng 9Kc .h?t d>n n ts 8 mL t)ng hK. 3q(. a+ 8pn .h?t 8@i thQ hai
ts 8 mL t)ng hK. 7{ 8H 1q4. Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. .h?t 8@i nhi=+ hZn hai 8pn c?c bit mL h/a
L .h?t 7{ 8b. 8@i 6d th ts 8 mL 6>n 8H 1q4.
_5i d9 tGngV mL 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 8pn .h?t p+ .hCi Cm bC0 hi+ nGng
tt Ahng chs Ahi 7; d<ng c 8-. mH cC Ahi 9Kc 7; d<ng At hK. 65i mL 9Kc
.h?t 8pn hai. T9Zng te nh9 6-, i 65i c?c 8pn .h?t 7a+. _d th c?c .hiMn bCn d9
th9:ng 9Kc t@0 ra bzng c?ch chWch b mt 7 bit cSa mt mL ts 8 thP.V c?c m>+
chWch b .hCi 9Kc *+i Bnh 7a0 ch0 mt mL ts 8 ca0 .hCi 8H mt b .h-n cSa c?c
mL ts 8 thP.. N/i mt c?ch Ah?c ts 8 mL t)ng hK. %
i
7a+ 8pn .h?t thQ i ba0 g[m c?c
bit 9Kc mL h/a cSa cPc .hiMn bCn d9 %_
A
tr0ng / A1V...ViV .hCi c/ hi+ nGng nh9
mt mL tt 9Kc thit A trec ti. i 65i ts 8 %
i
. "?c 80@i mL Y0an nH, 9Kc gi 8H
c?c mL Y0an t9Zng thWch ts 8.
E, giC thit 8H m?, th+ th+ 9Kc tPt cC c?c .hiMn bCn d9 tr95c. N+ tPt cC c?c
.hiMn bCn d9 =+ c+ng cP. ccng mt 89Kng tin 6= g/i 7 8i+V thd thQ te c?c .hiMn bCn
d9 Ahng *+an trng. T+, nhiMn i 65i c?c mL t+rb0V tr0ng / c?c bit h thng c/ tpm
*+an trng hZn c?c bit chn 8\V 6d th 8pn .h?t p+ tiMn .hCi Wt nhPt 8H chQa c?c bit h
thng Ahng .hCi c?c bit 9Kc .h?t 8pn p+. T+, nhiMn n+ 8pn .h?t p+ 9Kc th+ 65i
chPt 89Kng Awm h0bc h0Hn t0Hn Ahng th+ 9KcV thd 6ic chs .h?t 8@i c?c bit chn 8\ 8H
Ahng thWch hK. 6d c?c bit h thng c+ng cP. chPt 89Kng tt hZn. _d th tGng d9 7;
d<ng c?c mL t+rb0 c/ 8Ki Ahi 7; d<ng nhi=+ mQc .hCn h[iV chng h@n 7; d<ng hai .hS
nh-n Ah?c nha+j N$K U ,M+ cp+ c?c bit chn 8\ b) 7+ng 6H TgT U ,M+ cp+ .h?t 8@i
c?c bit h thng. T)ng *+?tV 6ic Y?c Bnh 7 89Kng c?c bit h thng 6H c?c bit chn 8\
Ahi .h?t 8@i dea trMn chPt 89Kng tWn hi+ cSa c?c 8pn .h?t tr95c Ahng .hCi Zn giCn.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 /<
/0
H$%X 65i At hK. m=mV bPt AU 7Z [ At hK. 7Gn bat ha, d9 tGngV d>n n
giCm tc 7 8i+ d0 c?c 8pn .h?t 8@iV c/ thU c0i 8H thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n ngpm. T+,
nhiMn Ah?c 65i thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n dea trMn c?c 95c tWnh i=+ Ain AMnh tQc th:i
t9:ng minhV H$%X 65i At hK. m=m i=+ chsnh ngpm tc 7 8i+ dea trMn At *+C
giCi mL. vwt 6= t)ng thng 89KngV AiU+ thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n ngpm nH, c/ 9+ iUm
hZn thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n t9:ng minh 6d d9 b) 7+ng chs cpn thit Ahi c?c 8pn
tr+,=n d>n tr95c Ahng ch0 .hw. giCi mL ng. Ng0Hi ra n/ Ahng .hCi de b?0 c?c
tha, )i cSa AMnh nMn n/ c/ thU h0@t ng tt Ahng .h< th+c 6H0 tc ch+,Un
ng cSa p+ c+i. _d thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n ngpm c/ thU c+ng cP. 8Ki thng
89Kng h thng 70ng thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n t9:ng minh 6>n cpn thit. T^ d0 chWnh
cSa 6ic 7; d<ng thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n t9:ng minh 8H giCm trF. Mbc dc Ywt ty *+an
iUm thng 89Kng h thng chs cpn 7; d<ng thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n ngpm 8H SV nh9ng
chPt 89Kng dBch 6< cSa ng9:i 7; d<ng p+ c+i c/ thU Ahng Cm bC0 Ywt 6= *+an
iUm trF.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 4@
n tt nghip i hc 'h()ng ***+ T.u5 nhp g%i ($ng 6ung tc 1 ca4
78D9:
Chuong III: Truy nhp gi ung xung
tc cao HSDPA
M<c tiM+ cSa H#2$ 8H mD rng gia0 din 6 t+,n cSa !"#M$V tGng c9:ng
hi+ nGng 6H d+ng 89Kng 1tc 7 8i+ snh ca03 cSa !"#M$. H#2$ dea trMn mt
AMnh tr+,=n tCi m5iV AMnh chia 7\ 9:ng Y+ng tc ca0 H]#"H 1High].``d
#0nn8inA har`d "hann`83V tr0ng / mt 7 89Kng 85n tHi ng+,Mn mL 6H cng 7+Pt
9Kc g?n ch0 mt ng9:i 7; d<ng t@i mt TTf nH0 / th`0 .h9Zng thQc ghw. th`0 mL
h0bc th:i gian. _5i AMnh tr+,=n tCi m5i nH,V hai tWnh nGng *+an trng nhPt cSa
!"#M$ nh9 i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt 6ung AWn 6H h 7 trCi .h) bin thiMn Ahng cun
9Kc 7; d<ng. Ng0Hi ra H#2$ 7; d<ng mt 7 A th+-t nh9 i=+ ch b-c ca0V 8-.
biU+ .h< th+c AMnh 6H H$%X At hK. m=m nhzm @t 9Kc m<c tiM+ AU trMn.
3.1.T!ng "#an
3.1.1.Truyn dn knh chia s
Jbc iUm chS ,+ cSa H#2$ 8H tr+,=n d>n AMnh chia 7\. Tr0ng tr+,=n d>n
AMnh chia 7\V mt b .h-n cSa t)ng tHi ng+,Mn 6 t+,n 9:ng Y+ng AhC d<ng tr0ng
1cng 7+Pt .h?t 6H mL Bnh AMnh tr0ng !"#M$3 9Kc c0i 8H tHi ng+,Mn ch+ng 9Kc
chia 7\ ng th`0 th:i gian giOa c?c ng9:i 7; d<ng. Tr+,=n d>n AMnh chia 7\ 9Kc
thec hin thng *+a AMnh chia 7\ 9:ng Y+ng tc ca0 H]#"H. H]#"H ch0
.hw. cP. .h?t nhanh mt b .h-n tHi ng+,Mn 9:ng Y+ng U tr+,=n 7 8i+ ch0 mt
ng9:i 7; d<ng bc thc. 2h9Zng .h?. nH, .hc hK. ch0 c?c Qng d<ng 7 8i+ g/i tr9:ng
9Kc tr+,=n th`0 d@ng c<m 6H 6d th c/ c?c ,M+ cp+ 6= tHi ng+,Mn tha, )i nhanh.
"P+ trc cZ 7D th:i gian 6H mL cSa H]#"H 9Kc ch0 trMn hdnh 3.1. THi
ng+,Mn mL ch0 H]#"H ba0 g[m t-. mL Bnh AMnh c/ h 7 trCi .h) 1IV tr0ng / 7
mL 9Kc 7; d<ng U 8-. cP+ hdnh ch0 H]#"H nzm tr0ng Ah0Cng ty 1 n 1'. "?c
mL Ahng dHnh ch0 H]#"H 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 m<c Wch Ah?cV chng h@n ch0 b?0
hi+ i=+ AhiUnV c?c dBch 6< MhM ha, c?c dBch 6< ch+,Un m@ch AMnh.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 45
78D9:
Hnh 3.1: Cu trc thi gian m ca HS-DSCH
2hpn d95i cSa hdnh 3.1 m tC Pn Bnh tHi ng+,Mn mL H]#"H ch0 tyng ng9:i
7; d<ng trMn cZ 7D Ah0Cng th:i gian tr+,=n d>n TTf 2m7. H#2$ 7; d<ng TTf ngan
U giCm trF 6H cCi thin *+? trdnh b?m th`0 c?c tha, )i cSa AMnh ch0 m<c Wch i=+
AhiUn tc 6H 8-. biU+ .h< th+c AMnh.
Ng0Hi 6ic 9Kc Pn Bnh mt b .h-n cSa t)ng tHi ng+,Mn mL AhC d<ngV mt
.hpn t)ng cng 7+Pt AhC d<ng cSa .hCi 9Kc Pn Bnh ch0 tr+,=n d>n H]#"H. _5i
89+ ^ rzng H]#"H Ahng 9Kc i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt mH 9Kc i=+ AhiUn tc .
a+ Ahi .h<c 6< c?c AMnh Ah?cV .hpn cng 7+Pt cun 8@i c/ thU 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 H]
#"HV i=+ nH, ch0 .hw. Ahai th?c hi+ *+C t)ng tHi ng+,Mn cng 7+Pt AhC d<ng.
3.1.2.Lp biu ph thuc knh
T-. biU+ i=+ AhiUn 6ic dHnh AMnh chia 7\ ch0 ng9:i 7; d<ng nH0 t@i mt th:i
iUm ch0 tr95c. h 8-. biU+ nH, 8H mt .hpn t; th`n cht 6H *+,t Bnh rPt 85n n
t)ng hi+ nGng cSa h thngV bc bit Ahi nH0 m@ng c/ tCi ca0. Tr0ng mli TTfV b 8-.
biU+ *+,t Bnh H]#"H 7{ 9Kc .h?t n ng9:i 7; d<ng nH0 At hK. chbt ch{ 65i
cZ ch i=+ AhiUn tc 1tQc 8H t@i tc 7 8i+ nH03.
#+ng 89Kng h thng c/ thU 9Kc tGng ?ng AU Ahi c/ Ywt n c?c i=+ Ain
AMnh tr0ng *+,t Bnh 8-. biU+ 6H gi 8H 8-. biU+ .h< th+c AMnh. _d tr0ng mt V i=+
Ain cSa c?c 9:ng tr+,=n 6 t+,n i 65i c?c Uk Ah?c nha+ tha, )i c 8-.V nMn t@i
tyng th:i iUm 8+n 8+n t[n t@i mt 9:ng tr+,=n 6 t+,n c/ chPt 89Kng AMnh gpn
65i snh cSa n/ 1hdnh 3.23. _d th c/ thU tr+,=n tc 7 8i+ ca0 i 65i 9:ng tr+,=n
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 41
78D9:
6 t+,n nH,. GiCi .h?. nH, ch0 .hw. h thng @t 9Kc d+ng 89Kng ca0. J 8Ki nh-n
9Kc Ahi tr+,=n d>n dHnh ch0 c?c ng9:i 7; d<ng c/ c?c i=+ Ain 9:ng tr+,=n 6
t+,n th+-n 8Ki th9:ng 9Kc gi 8H .hEn t-. a ng9:i 7; d<ng 6H 8Ki nH, cHng 85n
Ahi tha, )i AMnh cHng 85n 6H 7 ng9:i 7; d<ng tr0ng mt cHng 85n. _d thV tr?i 65i
*+an iUm tr+,=n thng rzng .ha inh nhanh 8H hi+ Qng Ahng m0ng m+n 6H rzng
cpn chng 8@i n/V bzng c?ch 8-. biU+ .h< th+c AMnh thd .ha inh c/ 8Ki 6H cpn Ahai
th?c n/.
Mt 7 chin 89Kc 8-. biU+ Ah?c nha+ L 9Kc trdnh bH, tr0ng ch9Zng 2. "hin
89Kc cSa b 8-. biU+ thec t 8H Ahai th?c c?c tha, )i ngan h@n 1d0 .ha inh a 9:ng3
6H tha, )i nhiF+ nhanh nh9ng 6>n d+, trd 9Kc tWnh cng bzng dHi h@n giOa c?c ng9:i
7; d<ng. _= ng+,Mn tacV 7e mPt cng bzng dHi h@n cHng 85n thd d+ng 89Kng cHng ca0.
_d th cpn cEn i giOa tWnh cng bzng 6H d+ng 89Kng.
Hnh 3.2: Lp biu ph thuc knh cho HSDPA
Ng0Hi c?c i=+ Ain AMnhV b 8-. biU+ c~ng cpn Ywt n c?c i=+ Ain 89+ 89Kng.
{ 6 ngha n+ 8-. biU+ ch0 mt ng9:i 7; d<ng Ahng c/ 7 8i+ Ki tr+,=n d>n ch0
dc i=+ AMnh cSa ng9:i 7; d<ng nH, tt. Ng0Hi ra mt 7 dBch 6< cpn 9Kc ch0 mQc 9+
tiMn ca0 hZn. "hng h@n c?c dBch 6< 8+[ng ui hi 9Kc Cm bC0 tc 7 8i+ t9Zng
i Ahng )i dHi h@nV tr0ng Ahi c?c dBch 6< n=n nh9 tCi Y+ng Ahng c/ ,M+ cp+ gat
ga0 6= tc 7 8i+ Ahng )i dHi h@n.
3.1.3.iu khin tc v iu ch bc cao
Tr0ng ch9Zng 2V i=+ AhiUn tc L 9Kc c0i 8H .h9Zng tin thWch Qng 9:ng
tr+,=n ch0 c?c dBch 6< tr+,=n 7 8i+ hi+ *+C hZn 70 65i i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt th9:ng
9Kc 7; d<ng tr0ng "#M$V bc bit 8H Ahi n/ 9Kc 7; d<ng ccng 65i 8-. biU+ .h<
th+c AMnh.
Ji 65i H#2$V i=+ AhiUn tc 9Kc thec hin bzng c?ch i=+ chsnh ng
tx 8 mL h/a AMnh 6H chn 8ea ng giOa i=+ ch X2K 6H 1IX$M. Ji=+ ch b-c ca0
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 4/
78D9:
nh9 1IX$M ch0 .hw. @t 9Kc mQc 7; d<ng bGng thng ca0 hZn X2K nh9ng ui
hi k
b
qN
0
ca0 hZn. _d th 1IX$M chS ,+ chs hO+ Wch tr0ng c?c i=+ Ain AMnh th+-n
8Ki. Nt h 8ea chn tc 7 8i+ c 8-. ch0 tyng TTf 2m7 6H cZ ch i=+ AhiUn tc
c/ thU b?m c?c tha, )i AMnh nhanh.
3.1.4.HARQ vi kt hp mm
H$%X 65i At hK. m=m ch0 .hw. p+ c+i ,M+ cp+ .h?t 8@i c?c Ahi th+ mac
8li [ng th:i i=+ chsnh mBn tx 8 mL hi+ d<ng 6H bc try c?c 8li gE, ra d0 cZ ch
thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n. Jp+ c+i giCi mL tyng Ahi tr+,=n tCi mL n/ nh-n 9Kc r[i
b?0 c?0 6= nt h 6= 6ic giCi mL thHnh cng ha, thPt b@i cQ 'm7 mt 8pn 7a+ Ahi th+
9Kc Ahi nH,. "?ch 8Hm nH, ch0 .hw. .h?t 8@i nhanh ch/ng c?c Ahi 7 8i+ th+
Ahng thHnh cng 6H giCm ?ng AU trF 8iMn *+an U .h?t 8@i 70 65i .h?t hHnh %3.
Khng nh9 H$%X tr+,=n thngV tr0ng At hK. m=mV p+ c+i Ahng 80@i b
thng tin m=m tr0ng tr9:ng hK. n/ Ahng thU giCi mL 9Kc Ahi tr+,=n tCi mH At hK.
thng tin m=m ty c?c 8pn .h?t tr95c / 65i .h?t 8@i hin th:i U tGng Y?c 7+Pt giCi mL
thHnh cng. TGng d9 1f%3 9Kc 7; d<ng 8Hm cZ 7D ch0 At hK. m=m tr0ng H#2$V
ngha 8H c?c 8pn .h?t 8@i c/ thU chQa c?c bWt chn 8\ Ahng c/ tr0ng c?c 8pn .h?t tr95c.
Ty ch9Zng 2 ch0 thP, rzng f% c/ thU c+ng cP. 8Ki ?ng AU Ahi tx 8 mL i 65i 8pn
.h?t p+ ca0 6d c?c bit chn 8\ b) 7+ng 8Hm giCm t)ng tx 8 mL. _d th f% chS ,+ hO+
Wch tr0ng tdnh tr@ng gi5i h@n bGng thng Ahi p+ c+i D gpn tr@m gc 6H 7 89Kng c?c
mL Bnh AMnh chQ Ahng .hCi cng 7+Pt h@n ch tc 7 8i+ AhC d<ng. Nt h i=+
AhiUn t-. c?c bit 9Kc mL h/a 7{ 7; d<ng U .h?t 8@i c/ Ywt n d+ng 89Kng nh5 AhC
d<ng cSa Uk.
3.1.5.Kin trc
Ty c?c .hpn trMn ch0 thP, c?c A th+-t H#2$ dea trMn thWch Qng nhanh i
65i c?c tha, )i nhanh tr0ng c?c i=+ Ain AMnh. _d th c?c A th+-t nH, .hCi 9Kc bt
gpn 65i gia0 din 6 t+,n t@i .hWa m@ngV ngha 8H t@i nt h. Ng0Hi ra mt m<c tiM+
*+an trng cSa H#2$ 8H @t 9Kc 7e .hEn t?ch giOa c?c 85. chQc nGng cSa %3 cHng
Ya cHng tt. "pn giCm thiU+ 7e tha, )i Ain trcV 6d i=+ nH, 7{ Zn giCn h/a 6ic 9a
H#2$ 6H0 c?c m@ng L triUn Ahai c~ng nh9 Cm bC0 h0@t ng tr0ng c?c mi tr9:ng
mH D / Ahng .hCi tPt cC c?c =+ 9Kc nEng cP. bzng chQc nGng H#2$. _d th
H#2$ 9a 6H0 nt h mt 85. c0n M$" m5iV M$"]h7V chB+ tr?ch nhim ch0 8-.
biU+V i=+ AhiUn tc 6H Ahai th?c gia0 thQc H$%X. #0 6-, ng0@i try c?c tGng
c9:ng ch0 %N" nh9 i=+ AhiUn ch0 .hw. H#2$ i 65i c?c ng9:i 7; d<ngV H#2$
chS ,+ t?c ng 8Mn nt h 1hdnh 3.33.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 44
78D9:
Hnh 3.3: Kin trc HSDPA
Mli Uk 7; d<ng H#2$ 7{ th+ tr+,=n d>n H]#"H ty mt .h<c 6<.
.h<c 6< chB+ tr?ch nhim 8-. biU+V i=+ AhiUn tc V H$%X 6H c?c chQc nGng M$"]
h7 Ah?c ch0 H#2$. "h+,Un gia0 m=m 9:ng 8Mn 9Kc hl trKV tr0ng / tr+,=n d>n 7
8i+ 9:ng 8Mn 7{ th+ 9Kc ty nhi=+ 6H Uk 7{ nh-n 9Kc c?c 8nh i=+ AhiUn cng
7+Pt ty nhi=+ .
#i ng ty mt hl trK H#2$ n mt Ahng hl trK H#2$ 9Kc Y; 8^ dF
dHng. "/ thU Cm bC0 dBch 6< Ahng bB gi?n 0@n ch0 ng9:i 7; d<ng 1mbc dc t@i tc
7 8i+ thP. hZn3 bzng ch+,Un m@ch AMnh tr0ng %N" tr0ng / ng9:i 7; d<ng 9Kc
ch+,Un m@ch n AMnh dHnh riMng 1#"H3 tr0ng Ahng c/ H#2$. T9Zng teV mt
ng9:i 7; d<ng 9Kc trang bB p+ c+i c/ H#2$ c/ thU ch+,Un m@ch ty AMnh riMng
7ang H#2$ Ahi ng9:i nH, ch+,Un 6H0 c/ hl trK H#2$.
3.2.HS<=S>H
3.2.1.HS-DSCH v cc knh bo hiu
KMnh chia 7\ 9:ng Y+ng tc ca0 H]#"H 8H AMnh tr+,=n tCi 9Kc 7;
d<ng U hl trK tr+,=n d>n AMnh chia 7\ 6H c?c cng ngh Ah?c tr0ng H#2$ nh9 8-.
biU+ .h< th+c AMnhV i=+ AhiUn tc 1g[m cC i=+ ch tc ca03 6H H$%X 65i At
hK. m=m. Nh9 L Ywt tr0ng .hpn t)ng *+an D hdnh 3.1V H]#"H t9Zng Qng 65i mt
t-. mL Bnh AMnh c/ h 7 trCi .h) 1I. Mli mL Bnh AMnh nH, cun 9Kc gi 8H AMnh
78D9:
chia 7\ 6-t 8^ 9:ng Y+ng tc ca0 H]2#"H 1High].``d 2h,7ica8 #0nn8inA
har`d "hann`83.
0 7?nh tWnh nGng AMnh #"H 6H H]#"H. Tr95c ht cpn 89+ ^ mt 7 iUm
Ah?c nha+ giOa !"#M$ 6H H#2$. !"#M$ 7; d<ng c?c AMnh i$"HV #"H 6H
#"H U tr+,=n 7 8i+ g/i. Tr0ng / i$"H U tr+,=n c?c g/i nhV #"H 8H AMnh
chWnh cun #"H U tr+,=n c?c g/i c/ tc ca0 hZn. H#2$ thec chPt tha, th AMnh
!"#M$ #"H bzng AMnh H#2$ #"H 1tr0ng %' 6>n cun 7; d<ng !"#M$
#"H nh9ng tr0ng %I AMnh nH, Ahng cun 9Kc 7; d<ng nOa3. Tr0ng %'V AMnh #"H
8+n i ccng 65i AMnh H#2$ #"H 1hdnh 3.43. N+ 7 8i+ Ahng 9Kc tr+,=n thd
#"H 8H AMnh mang 6 t+,n b?0 hi+ %h 1igna88ing %adi0 hàr`r3. Tr0ng tr9:ng
hK. dBch 6< ch+,Un m@ch AMnh " 1$M% h0bc 6id`03 9Kc tr+,=n 70ng 70ng 65i 7
8i+ g/i 2 thd c?c dBch 6< " 9Kc mang trMn AMnh nH,. Tr0ng %IV b?0 hi+ c/ thU
9Kc tr+,=n trMn AMnh i]#"H 1#"H mt .hpn3. Tr0ng %'V 7 8i+ ng9:i 7; d<ng
9:ng 8Mn 8+n 9Kc tr+,=n trMn #"H 1Ahi H#2$ tWch cec3 tr0ng Ahi / %I 7; d<ng
k]#"H 1#"H tGng c9:ng3 ch0 HU2$. hCng 3.1 70 7?nh c?c tWnh nGng AMnh #"H 6H
H]#"H.
Hnh 3.4: Cc knh cn cho hoat ng HSDPA trong R5
TZnh nXng D!6 67gD7!6
H 7 trCi .h) AhC bin "/ Khng
Ji=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt nhanh "/ Khng
Ji=+ ch 6H mL h/a thWch Qng Khng "/
Khai th?c nhi=+ mL "/ "/V 9Kc mD rng
2h?t 8@i 85. 6-t 8^ Khng "/
ThWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n 6H 8-. biU+ th`0
hT
Khng "/
kng /.5% 7+ '-nh tZnh nXng ;Knh D!6 v: 67gD7!6
Ng0Hi H]#"H cun cpn c/ c?c AMnh Ah?c nh9 c?c AMnh ch0 c?c dBch 6<
ch+,Un m@ch AMnh 6H ch0 b?0 hi+ i=+ AhiUn. JU c/ thU cEn i giOa Ahi 89Kng tHi
ng+,Mn mL dHnh ch0 H]#"H 6H ch0 c?c m<c Wch Ah?cV c/ thU 8-. cP+ hdnh ch0 7
mL Bnh AMnh AhC d<ng ch0 H]#"H tr0ng dCi ty 1 n 1'. "?c mL Ahng dHnh ch0
78D9:
H]#"H 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 c?c m<c Wch Ah?c nh9 ch0 b?0 hi+ i=+ AhiUn 6H c?c
dBch 6< ch+,Un m@ch AMnh. Nt mL p+ tiMn tr0ng cE, mL Ahng ba0 gi: 9Kc 7; d<ng
ch0 tr+,=n d>n H]#"H bDi 6d nt nH, chQa c?c AMnh 6-t 8^ bat b+c nh9 AMnh h0a
tiM+ chng h@n.
"?c Ah?c bit *+an trng giOa Ahai th?c 7 8i+ g/i dea trMn H#2$ 70 65i trMn
%3 #"H 9Kc t)ng At nh9 7a+j
Khng c/ i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt nhanhV tha, 6H0 / 8H thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n
bzng c?ch chn t) hK. c?c mL Bnh AMnhV tx 8 mL h/a AMnh 6H i=+ ch thWch
hK..
Hl trK i=+ ch b-c ca0 hZn #"H. _5i 7; d<ng i=+ ch biMn 1IX$M 7 bit
mang trMn mt A^ hi+ tGng gP. i 70 65i i=+ ch X2K cSa %3.
Nt h 8-. biU+ ch0 ng9:i 7; d<ng 1Pn Bnh tHi ng+,Mn 6 t+,n3 tr0ng tyng TTf
2m7 6H thng b?0 At *+C 8-. biU+ bzng b?0 hi+ nhanh 85. 6-t 8^. _5i #"H
b?0 hi+ 85. ca0 hZn ty %N" Pn Bnh mL b?n c Bnh 1i t9Zng Qng3. TTf cSa
#"H c~ng 8E+ hZn 110V 20V 40 h0bc (0 m73.
; d<ng .h?t 8@i 85. 6-t 8^ 6H At hK. m=m .h?t 8@iV tr0ng Ahi 65i #"H n+ c/
7; d<ng .h?t 8@i thd 7; d<ng .h?t 8@i mQc %T".
Khng c/ ch+,Un gia0 m=m. 8i+ chs 9Kc .h?t ty .h<c 6<.
H0@t ng a mL 65i mt i c Bnh. "hs i 1I 8H 9Kc 7; d<ngV tr0ng Ahi
65i #"HV h 7 trCi .h) c/ thU 8H ty 4 n '12. _5i H#2$ chs c/ mL t+rb0
9Kc 7; d<ng tr0ng Ahi 65i #"H cC mL Y0an c~ng c/ thU 9Kc 7; d<ng.
Khng c/ .h?t Ahng 8iMn t<c 1#Tv3 t@i mQc Ah`. H]2#"H h0bc 9Kc .h?t
t0Hn b h0bc h0Hn t0Hn Ahng 9Kc .h?t tr0ng 2m7 TTf.
"hia 7\ tHi ng+,Mn mL H]#"H tr95c ht cpn thec hin tr0ng mi=n th:i gian.
T^ d0 8H U Ahai th?c ti a c?c 9+ iUm cSa 8-. biU+ .h< th+c AMnh 6H i=+ AhiUn tc
V 6d chPt 89Kng t@i p+ c+i tha, )i tr0ng mi=n th:i gian nh9ng hp+ nh9 c 8-. 65i
t-. mL 1c?c AMnh 6-t 8^3 9Kc 7; d<ng U tr+,=n d>n. T+, nhiMn chia 7\ tHi ng+,Mn mL
H]#"H tr0ng mi=n mL c~ng 9Kc hl trK nh9 trMn hdnh 3.1. _5i chia 7\ mL]th:i
gianV hai ha, nhi=+ Uk c/ thU 9Kc 8-. biU+ [ng th:i bzng c?ch 7; d<ng c?c .hpn
Ah?c nha+ cSa tHi ng+,Mn mL ch+ng 1c?c t-. Ah?c nha+ cSa c?c AMnh 6-t 8^3. "/ hai 8^
d0 ch0 chia 7\ tr0ng mi=n mL. Mt 8H d0 hl trK c?c p+ c+i Ahng thU giCi trCi .h) t-.
mL p, S 6d .hQc t@.. Hai 8H d0 hl trK c?c tCi nh Ahi 7 8i+ 9Kc .h?t Ahng ,M+
cp+ t-. p, S c?c mL H]#"H 9Kc cP. .h?t. Tr0ng cC hai tr9:ng hK. trMnV 7{ 8Lng
.hW tHi ng+,Mn Ahi Pn Bnh t0Hn b tHi ng+,Mn mL ch0 mt p+ c+i.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 4=
78D9:
Ng0Hi 6ic 9Kc cP. .h?t mt .hpn tr0ng 7 t)ng tHi ng+,Mn mLV mt .hpn
tr0ng 7 t)ng cng 7+Pt AhC d<ng c~ng 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 tr+,=n d>n H]#"H.
JU @t 9Kc mQc 7; d<ng tHi ng+,Mn cng 7+Pt cec @i tr0ng tr@m gcV .hpn
cng 7+Pt cun 8@i 7a+ Ahi L .h<c 6< c?c AMnh Ah?c 1c?c AMnh 9Kc i=+ AhiUn cng
7+Pt3 .hCi 9Kc 9+ tiMn dHnh ch0 H]#"H nh9 m tC trMn hdnh 3.'. _= ng+,Mn tacV
i=+ nH, d>n n cng 7+Pt .h?t Ahng )i 1ha, D mQc nhPt Bnh Ahng )i3 tr0ng
mt . _d H]#"H 9Kc i=+ AhiUn tc nMn tc 7 8i+ cSa H]#"H c/ thU
9Kc 8ea chn U .hc hK. 65i c?c i=+ Ain AMnh 6 t+,n 6H 89Kng cng 7+Pt tQc th:i
AhC d<ng ch0 tr+,=n d>n H]#"H.
Hnh 3.5: S dng cng sut ng vi HS-DSCH
JU @t 9Kc Pn Bnh c?c tHi ng+,Mn chia 7\ nhanh 6H @t 9Kc trF ng9:i 7; d<ng
p+ c+i thP.V TTf .hCi 9Kc 8ea chn nh nhPt. T+, nhiMn n+ TTf *+? nh 7{ d>n
n chi .hW b) 7+ng ch0 b?0 hi+ i 65i tyng c+c tr+,=n d>n *+? 85n. JU cEn i
giOa hai tiM+ chW i 8-. nha+ n/i trMnV TTf 9Kc chn bzng 2m7 ch0 H#2$.
"pn .hCi c/ b?0 hi+ i=+ AhiUn 9:ng Y+ng ch0 h0@t ng cSa H]#"H
tr0ng tyng TTf. nh-n d@ng cSa Uk 1h0bc c?c Uk3 hin th:i ang 9Kc 8-. biU+ .hCi
9Kc thng b?0 ccng 65i tHi ng+,Mn 6-t 8^ 1c?c mL Bnh AMnh3 9Kc 7; d<ng U .h?t
n Uk nH,. Uk c~ng cpn 9Kc thng b?0 6= Ah+n d@ng tr+,=n tCi 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0
tr+,=n d>n ccng 65i thng tin 8iMn *+an n H$%X. THi ng+,Mn 6H thng tin 6= Ah+n
d@ng tr+,=n tCi ba0 g[m b .h-n cE, mL 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 tr+,=n d>nV 7Z [ i=+ ch
9Kc 7; d<ng 6H AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi. h?0 hi+ i=+ AhiUn 9:ng Y+ng 9Kc
mang trMn AMnh AMnh i=+ AhiUn chia 7\ tc ca0 H]""H 1High].``d har`d
"0ntr08 "hann`83. KMnh nH, 9Kc .h?t [ng th:i 65i H]#"H bzng c?ch 7; d<ng
mt mL Bnh AMnh riMng. H]""H 8H AMnh chia 7\ U thng b?0 6= 6ic H]#"H
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 4
78D9:
9Kc 8-. cP+ hdnh ch0 Uk nH0. TPt cC c?c Uk =+ th+ AMnh nH, U tdm Y`m n/ c/ 9Kc
8-. biU+ ha, Ahng.
Tr0ng mt c/ thU nhi=+ AMnh H]""H 9Kc 8-. cP+ hdnh nh9ng 6d H]
#"H chS ,+ 9Kc chia 7\ th`0 th:i gian 6H chs c/ p+ c+i hin ang 9Kc 8-. biU+
8H cpn th+ AMnh H]""HV 6d th thng th9:ng chs c/ mt ha, n+ chia 7\ tr0ng mi=n
mL 9Kc hl trK tr0ng V thd c/ thU c/ mt 7 H]""H 8H 9Kc 8-. cP+ hdnh tr0ng .
T+, nhiMn mli p+ c+i c/ AhC nGng H]#"H .hCi c/ thU gi?m 7?t t5i bn H]
""H. hn H]""H 9Kc chn =+ c/ thU Cm bC0 S tWnh 8inh h0@t tr0ng *+? trdnh
8-. biU+ ch0 nhi=+ Uk. N+ c0n 7 nH, nh hZn thd b 8-. biU+ 7{ chs h@n ch n c?c
Uk cpn 8-. biU+ [ng th:i tr0ng tr9:ng hK. chia 7\ mi=n mL.
Tr+,=n d>n H#2$ c~ng ui hi b?0 hi+ i=+ AhiUn 9:ng 8Mn ch0 H$%X U
thng b?0 ch0 nt h 6= 6ic th+ tr+,=n d>n 9:ng Y+ng c/ thHnh cng ha, Ahng.
Tr0ng mli TTf mH Uk 9Kc 8-. biU+V c?c b?0 hi+ $"K 6H N$K 9Kc g;i trMn 9:ng
8Mn U thng b?0 At *+C cSa giCi mL H]#"H. Thng tin nH, 9Kc mang trMn AMnh
H]#2""H 1AMnh i=+ AhiUn 6-t 8^ riMng tc ca03. Mli Uk 9Kc thit 8-. mt
AMnh H]#2""H ccng 65i cP+ hdnh H]#"H. Ng0Hi ra nt h c~ng cpn bit thng
tin 6= c?c i=+ Ain AMnh 9:ng 8Mn tQc th:i t@i Uk U thec hin 8-. biU+ .h< th+c
AMnh 6H i=+ AhiUn tc . _d th mli Uk .hCi 0 c?c i=+ Ain tQc th:i 9:ng Y+ng
6H .h?t chs thB chPt 89Kng AMnh 1"Xf3 trMn AMnh H]#2""H.
Ng0Hi c?c AMnh H]#"H 6H H]""HV p+ c+i H#2$ cpn nh-n 9Kc c?c
8nh i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt U hl trK i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt 6ung AWn 9:ng 8Mn ging
nh9 i 65i p+ c+i !"#M$. Ji=+ nH, @t 9Kc thng *+a AMnh 6-t 8^ riMng 9:ng
Y+ng #2"H 1#0nn8inA #`dicat`d 2h,7ica8 "hann`83 i 65i tyng Uk. Ng0Hi 8nh
i=+ AhiUn cng 7+PtV AMnh nH, cun 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 7 8i+ cSa ng9:i 7; d<ng Ahng
9Kc tr+,=n trMn AMnh H]#"HV chng h@n ch0 c?c dBch 6< ch+,Un m@ch AMnh.
2h?t hHnh %I hl trK AMnh #2"H .hEn 0@n 1i]#2"H3 U giCm 6ic 7; d<ng
c?c mL Bnh AMnh 9:ng Y+ng. _= ng+,Mn 8^V AMnh dHnh riMng 9:ng Y+ng chs
9Kc 7; d<ng U mang c?c 8nh i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt ch0 Uk U i=+ AhiUn cng
7+Pt 9:ng 8Mn. N+ tPt cC c?c c+c tr+,=n d>n 7 8i+ ba0 g[m cC c?c AMnh mang
6 t+,n b?0 hi+ 85. ca0 =+ 9Kc 7a. Y. 8Mn H]#"HV thd 7{ 8Lng .hW c?c tHi
ng+,Mn mL *+^ him n+ 7; d<ng mt AMnh riMng 65i h 7 trCi .h) 2'I ch0 mt
Uk U chs i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt. i]#"H giCi *+,t i=+ nH, bzng c?ch ch0 .hw.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 4<
78D9:
nhi=+ Uk chia 7\ mt mL Bnh AMnh 9:ng Y+ng d+, nhPt. "P+ trc AMnh t)ng thU
c/ H#2$ nh9 hdnh d95i E,.
Hnh 3.6: Cu trc knh c HSDPA
"?c AMnh cpn thit ch0 h0@t ng H#2$ 9Kc m tC ba0 g[mj
_5i %'j
H]#"H 1KMnh chia 7\ 9:ng Y+ng tc ca03j Mang 7 8i+ g/i tc
ca0.
H]""H 1KMnh i=+ AhiUn chia 7\ 9:ng Y+ng tc ca03j Mang thng tin
6= 7 mL trCi .h) 6H .h9Zng .h?. i=+ ch 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 p+ c+i U p+
c+i c/ thU giCi trCi .h) 6H giCi i=+ ch ng.
H]#2""H 1KMnh i=+ AhiUn 6-t 8^ dHnh riMng 9:ng 8Mn tc ca03j Mang
thng tin h[i ti. U hT c/ thU thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n 6H .h?t 8@i.
KMnh #"H 1#2#"Hq#2""H3 9:ng 8Mnj Ging nh9 !"#M$.
"un 65i %Ij
h) 7+ng thMm AMnh 9:ng 8Mn i]#"H 1KMnh #"H mt 0@n3j "hs mang thng
tin 6= i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt ch0 9:ng 8Mn ch0 tr9:ng hK. chs tr+,=n 7 8i+ g/i.
"C AMnh H]#"H 6H H]""H =+ Ahng c/ .hEn t-. 6 m 9:ng Y+ng
ha, ch+,Un m@ch m=m. #0 6ic bt 8-. biU+ H]#"H tr0ng nt h. _d th Ahng thU
[ng th:i .h?t H]#"H n mt Uk ty nhi=+ nt h 6H i=+ nH, d>n n Ahng thU
7; d<ng ch+,Un gia0 m=m giOa c?c nt h. Ng0Hi ra c~ng cpn 89+ ^ rzng tr0ng mli V
.hEn t-. a ng9:i 7; d<ng 9Kc thec hin bDi b 8-. biU+ .h< th+c AMnh. h 8-. biU+
chs ch0 .hw. .h?t n mt ng9:i 7; d<ng Ahi ng9:i nH, c/ c?c i=+ Ain AMnh 6
t+,n tQc th:i th+-n 8Ki 6H 6d th 8Ki nh-n 9Kc ty .hEn t-. 6 m 7{ giCm.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 H@
78D9:
3.2.2.iu khin ti nguyn cho HS-DSCH
Khi 9a 6H0 H#2$V mt 7 .hpn *+Cn 8^ tHi ng+,Mn 6 t+,n 9Kc Y; 8^ t@i
nt h tha, 6d t@i %N". T^ d0 6d ?. d<ng 8-. biU+ .h< th+c AMnh 6H i=+ AhiUn tc
9Kc bt tr0ng nt h U Ahai th?c c?c tha, )i nhanh cSa AMnh. T+, nhiMn %N" 6>n
chB+ tr?ch nhim t)ng thU ch0 *+Cn 8^ tHi ng+,Mn ba0 g[m cC i=+ AhiUn ch0 .hw. 6H
Y; 8^ nhiF+ giOa c?c . _d th c?c b?0 c?0 6= At *+C 0 89:ng m5i ty nt h n %N"
9Kc 9a 6H0 h thng ccng 65i c?c cZ ch ch0 %N" U thit 8-. c?c gi5i h@n mH nt
h 9Kc .hw. Y; 8^ tHi ng+,Mn H#2$ tr0ng .
JU gi5i h@n cng 7+Pt 7; d<ng ch0 H#2$V %N" c/ thU thit 8-. @i 89Kng
cng 7+Pt cec @i mH nt h 9Kc .hw. 7; d<ng U .h?t 9:ng Y+ng ch0 H#2$.
Ji=+ nH, ch0 .hw. %N" i=+ AhiUn @i 89Kng nhiF+ cec @i mH mt c/ thU gE, ra
i 65i c?c 8En c-n. Tr0ng gi5i h@n mH %N" thit 8-.V nt h c/ thU te d0 *+Cn 8^
cng 7+Pt chi .hW ch0 H#2$ trMn 9:ng Y+ng. N+ @i 89Kng nH, Ahng c/ 1ha, 85n
hZn t)ng cng 7+Pt cSa nt h3V nt h c/ thU 7; d<ng t0Hn b cng 7+Pt AhC d<ng ch0
tr+,=n d>n 9:ng Y+ng trMn H]#"H 6H H]""H.
Ji=+ AhiUn ch0 .hw. tr0ng %N" cpn Ywt n @i 89Kng cng 7+Pt AhC d<ng
tr0ng nt h. "hs Ahi c/ S Ahi 89Kng cng 7+Pt AhC d<ng tr0ng nt hV mt ng9:i 7;
d<ng m5i m5i 9Kc .hw. 6H0 . _d th cpn 0 cng 7+Pt 7/ng mang ang .h?t. T+,
nhiMnV ccng 65i 6ic 9a 6H0 H#2$V nt h c/ thU .h?t t0Hn b cng 7+Pt th-m chW
Ahi chs c/ mt ng9:i tr0ng U @t 9Kc tc 7 8i+ cec @i. Ji 65i i=+ AhiUn ch0
.hw. tr0ng %N"V i=+ nH, thU hin nh9 8H p, tCi 6H Ahng thU ch0 .hw. thMm ng9:i
7; d<ng nOa. _d th cpn 9a 6H0 6ic b?0 c?0 At *+C 0 m5i 6= cng 7+Pt 7/ng mang
ang .h?t cSa tPt cC c?c mL Ahng 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 H]2#"H ha, H]""H. Ji=+
AhiUn ch0 .hw. 7{ 7; d<ng thng tin nH, U *+,t Bnh c/ ch0 .hw. c?c ng9:i 7; d<ng
m5i 6H0 ha, Ahng 1hdnh 3.&3.
Hnh 3.7: o ac v gii han ti nguyn i vi HSDPA
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 H5
78D9:
Ng0Hi b?0 hi+ 8iMn *+an n cng 7+Pt nh9 L Ywt D trMnV c~ng cpn c/ b?0 hi+
ch0 c?c dBch 6< 8+[ng. JU hl trK hi+ *+C dBch 6< 8+[ngV cpn Cm bC0 mt tc
tr+ng bdnh ti thiU+. Nh: 6-, %N" c/ thU thng b?0 tc bit cpn Cm bC0. h 8-.
biU+ c/ thU 7; d<ng thng tin nH, U Cm bC0 c+ng cP. tc 7 8i+ S ca0 tr+ng
bdnh tr0ng th:i gian dHi hZn ch0 mt hHng Ki 9+ tiMn nH0 / cSa M$"]d. JU gi?m 7?t
7e thec hin nH, 6H U c/ thU *+an trac tCi tr0ng d0 c?c *+, Bnh nH,V nt h c/ thU
b?0 c?0 cng 7+Pt cpn thit ch0 tyng 80@i 9+ tiMn d0 %N" 8-. cP+ hdnh U nh-n d@ng
c?c Uk ui hi chi .hW ca0 1ui hi nhi=+ cng 7+Pt3. Nt h c~ng c/ thU b?0 c?0 tc
7 8i+ 8P, tr+ng bdnh trMn 100m7 mH thec t n/ c+ng cP. ch0 tyng 80@i 9+ tiMn.
3.3.M+><h/ 89 ?@ 0A 0B& 8%t 0A
3.3.1.Cu trc MAC-hs v Ip vt I
Nh9 L YwtV M$"]h7 8H mt 85. c0n m5i 9Kc bt tr0ng nt h chB+ tr?ch nhim
U 8-. biU+ H]#"HV i=+ AhiUn tc 6H h0@t ng cSa gia0 thQc H$%X. JU hl trK
c?c tWnh nGng nH,V 85. 6-t 8^ c~ng L 9Kc tGng c9:ng bzng c?c tWnh nGng t9Zng Qng
chng h@n hl trK At hK. m=m tr0ng H$%X. Hdnh 3.( m tC M$"]h7 6H *+? trdnh Y;
8^ 85. 6-t 8^.
M$"]h7 ba0 g[m 8-. biU+V Y; 8^ 9+ tiMnV chn Ah+n d@ng tr+,=n tCi 1i=+
AhiUn tc 3 6H c?c b .h-n cSa H$%X. 8i+ c/ d@ng mt Ahi tr+,=n tCi 65i AWch
th95c ng 9Kc 9a ty M$"]h7 thng *+a AMnh tr+,=n tCi H]#"H n Y; 8^ 85.
6-t 8^ H]#"H.
78D9:
Hnh 3.8: MAC-hs v qu trnh x I Ip vt I
X+? trdnh Y; 8^ 85. 6-t 8^ H]#"H nh9 7a+j 24 bit "%" 9Kc gan 6H0 tyng
Ahi tr+,=n tCi. "%" 9Kc Uk 7; d<ng U .h?t hin 8li tr0ng Ahi tr+,=n tCi th+. JU
giCi i=+ ch 1IX$M 1mt AiU+ i=+ ch 9Kc hl trK bDi H]#"H3V m?, th+ cpn bit
9Kc biMn U t@0 ra gi? trB m=m chWnh Y?c tr95c Ahi giCi mL t+rb0. Ji=+ nH, Ah?c
65i X2KV tr0ng / Ahng cpn bit biMn 6d tPt cC thng tin 9Kc chQa tr0ng .ha cSa
tWn hi+ th+. JU dF dHng ?nh gi? tham ch+n biMn V 7a+ Ahi gan "%" c?c bit 9Kc
ng>+ nhiMn h/a. Kt *+C 8H ch+li ra cSa b mL h/a t+rb0 9Kc ng>+ nhiMn tr95c Ahi
9a 8Mn i=+ ch 1IX$M 6H i=+ ch nH, hl trK ch0 Uk U 95c tWnh ch+n biMn .
T9+ ^ rzng ng>+ nhiMn h/a 9Kc thec hin ch0 tPt cC c?c 7Z [ i=+ ch mbc dc n/ chs
cpn thit ch0 1IX$M.
Z [ mL h/a cGn bCn tr0ng H#2$ 8H mL h/a t+rb0 tx 8 1q3. JU @t 9Kc
tx 8 mL h/a d0 *+? trdnh i=+ AhiUn tc 8ea chnV <c 8l 6H 8b. 9Kc 7; d<ng U
.hi hK. 7 bit 9Kc mL h/a 65i 7 bit AhC d<ng cSa AMnh 6-t 8^. "Z ch .hi hK.
tc c~ng 8H mt b .h-n cSa H$%X 85. 6-t 8^ 6H n/ 9Kc 7; d<ng U t@0 ra c?c
.hiMn bCn d9 Ah?c nh+a ch0 7Z [ d9 tGng. Ji=+ nH, 9Kc thec hin thng *+a c?c
m>+ <c 8l 1chWch b3 Ah?c nha+. "?c bit Ah?c nha+ 9Kc <c 8l ch0 8pn .h?t p+
6H c?c 8pn .h?t 8@i.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 H/
78D9:
2hEn 0@n AMnh 6-t 8^ thec hin .hEn b c?c bit n c?c mL Bnh AMnh Ah?c
nha+ 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 tr+,=n d>nV 7a+ / 8H an Y`n.
a. Y. chcm tWn hi+ chs 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 1IX$M. N+ At hK. 7Gn bat
9Kc 7; d<ng ccng 65i 1IX$MV thd c/ thU tGng 9Kc hi+ nGng n chcm tWn hi+
tha, )i giOa c?c 8pn .h?t 8@i.
3.3.2.Tiu MAC-hs
JU hl trK 6ic 7a. bt 8@i thQ te 6H .hEn chia c?c M$"]d 2#U tr0ng Uk nh9 L
trdnh bH, D trMnV cpn c/ b?0 hi+ thng tin cpn thit ch0 Uk. _d thng tin nH, chs cpn
thit 7a+ Ahi L giCi mL thHnh cng mt Ahi tr+,=n tCiV nMn c/ thU 7; d<ng b?0 hi+
tr0ng bGng D d@ng tiM+ = M$"]h7.
TiM+ = M$" chQaj
Nh-n d@ng hHng Ki 7a. bt 8@i thQ te.
trdnh te .h?t 1TN3
89Kng 6H AWch th95c M$"]d 2#U
"P+ trc tiM+ = M$"]h7 9Kc ch0 trMn hdnh 3.4. ": .hiMn bCn 1_i3 bzng 0
6H 9Kc de trO ch0 c?c mD rng t9Zng 8ai cSa tiM+ = M$"]h7. Nh-n d@ng hHng Ki
1X+`+` f#3 3 bit nh-n d@ng hHng Ki 7a. bt 8@i thQ te cpn 9Kc 7; d<ng tr0ng m?,
th+. TPt cC c?c M$"]d 2#U tr0ng mt M$"]h7 2#U trec th+c ccng mt hHng Ki
7a. bt 8@i thQ te. Tr9:ng TN I bit nh-n d@ng 7 trdnh te .h?t cSa Ahi 7 8i+
M$"]h7. TN 8H 7 d+, nhPt tr0ng mt b m 7a. Y. 8@i nh9ng Ahng d+, nhPt
giOa c?c b m 7a. Y. 8@i Ah?c nha+. "cng 65i X+`+` f#V TN Cm bC0 hl trK
ch+,Un th`0 thQ te.
Hnh 3.9: Cu trc tiu MAC-hs
TCi tin M$"]h7 ba0 g[m mt ha, nhi=+ M$"]d 2#U. f# 3 bit nh-n d@ng chs
7 AWch th95c c+ng cP. AWch th95c M$"]d 2#U 6H tr9:ng N & bit Y?c Bnh 7 89Kng
M$"]d 2#U. ": i 9Kc 7; d<ng U chs thB At thc tiM+ = M$"]h7. T-. f#V N 6H i
78D9:
9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 tyng t-. c?c M$"]2#U 8i=n A= 6H nhi=+ AWch th95c Ah?c nha+ cSa
M$"]d 2#U 9Kc hl trK bzng c?ch t@0 ra c?c nh/m M$"]2#U c/ AWch th95c ging
nha+. TPt cC c?c M$"]d 2#U cSa mt Ahi 7 8i+ .hCi 9Kc bt th`0 thQ te 8iMn t<c
6d ?nh 7 7 trdnh te 9Kc thec hin th`0 tyng Ahi. _d th n+ ch+li c?c M$"]d
2#U 65i AWch th95c 9Kc Y?c Bnh bDi f#1V f#2V f#1 9Kc .h?tV thd ba nh/m .hCi
9Kc t@0 ra mbc dc chs c/ hai AWch th95c M$"]d 2#U. "+i ccngV M$"]h7 2#U
9Kc m thMm 1n+ cpn3 7a0 ch0 AWch th95c cSa M$"]h7 2#U bzng mt AWch th95c
Ahi .hc hK.. T9+ ^ rzng tr0ng hp+ ht c?c tr9:ng hK.V chs c/ mt AWch th95c M$"]d
2#UV 6d th chs c/ mt t-. f#V N 6H i.
3.4.1#Cng / 0i#
"P+ hdnh gia0 din 6 t+,n trMn hdnh 3.10 8H thW d< m tC 8+[ng 7 8i+ cSa
ng9:i 7; d<ng *+a c?c 85. Ah?c nha+. Tr0ng thW d< nH, giC thit Uk 7; d<ng dBch 6<
dea trMn f2 tr0ng / 7 8i+ cSa ng9:i 7; d<ng 9Kc 7a. Y. 8Mn AMnh H]#"H.
JU tr+,=n b?0 hi+ tr0ng m@ng 6 t+,nV mt 7 AMnh mang 6 t+,n 9Kc 8-.
cP+ hdnh tr0ng mbt .hng i=+ AhiUn. Tr0ng %'V Ahng thU 7a. Y. c?c AMnh mang b?0
hi+ 6 t+,n 8Mn H]#"H 6d th .hCi 7; d<ng c?c AMnh tr+,=n tCi riMngV nh9ng
tr0ng %I h@n ch nH, 9Kc 80@i b U H#2$ c/ thU h0@t ng h0Hn t0Hn Ahng cpn
c?c AMnh tr+,=n tCi dHnh riMng trMn 9:ng Y+ng.
Hnh 3.10: Cu hnh giao thc khi HS-DSCH uc n [nh
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 HH
78D9:
Hdnh 3.11 m tC 8+[ng 7 8i+ t@i c?c iUm tham AhC0 9Kc ch0 trMn hdnh 3.10
1c?c 7 bMn .hCi hdnh 3.10 t9Zng Qng 65i c?c 7 bMn .hCi hdnh 3.113. Tr0ng thW d< nH,
giC 7; dBch 6< f2 9Kc c+ng cP. ch0 Uk. 2#"2 9Kc thec hin 1tc, chn3 nwn tiM+ =
f2. Jp+ ra cSa 2#"2 9Kc 9a n thec thU gia0 thQc %T". a+ Ahi thec hin m/c ni
1n+ c/3V c?c %T" #U 9Kc .hEn 0@n 6H0 c?c Ahi nh hZn th9:ng 8H 40 b,t`. Mt
%T"]2#U g[m mt 0@n 7 8i+ 6H tiM+ = %T". N+ ghw. AMnh 80gic 9Kc thec hin
tr0ng M$"]dV thd mt tiM+ = 4 bit 9Kc b) 7+ng U t@0 nMn mt M$"]d 2#U. Tr0ng
M$"]h7V mt 7 M$"]d 2#U 1c?c 2#U nH, c/ thU c/ AWch th95c tha, )i3 9Kc 8a.
r?. 8@i 6H mt tiM+ = M$"]h7 9Kc gan thMm U t@0 thHnh mt Ahi tr+,=n tCiV 7a+ /
Ahi nH, 9Kc mL h/a 6H 9Kc 85. 6-t 8^ .h?t i.
Hnh 3.11: Lung s Iiu tai UTRAN
3..Di-# ch b%c ca(
3.5.1.iu ch bc cao
_ic 9a ra MfMg ch0 .hw. tGng ?ng AU tc 7 8i+ snh. e tGng nH, @t
9Kc nh: Ahai th?c c?c i=+ Ain tr+,=n 7/ng tr0ng AMnh 6 t+,n thng *+a tr+,=n
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 HI
78D9:
d>n nhi=+ 8+[ng. T+, nhiMnV tr0ng mt 7 tdnh tr@ngV Uk c/ thU nh-n 9Kc tx 7 tWn
hi+ trMn nhiF+ ca0 nh9ng Ahng hl trK tr+,=n d>n nhi=+ 8+[ngV chng h@n tr0ng
tr9:ng hK. tr+,=n 7/ng trec Y@. Ji=+ ch b-c ca0 7{ hO+ d<ng tr0ng c?c tr9:ng hK.
nH,. Ji=+ ch b-c ca0 c~ng 7{ hO+ Wch 6d n/ Cm bC0 tc 7 8i+ ca0 Ahi Uk ha, nt
h Ahng 9Kc tr@ng bB nhi=+ ant`n. _d th %& tGng b-c i=+ ch n I4X$M trMn
9:ng Y+ng 6H 1IX$M trMn 9:ng 8Mn. "?c tc snh Ahi 7; d<ng i=+ ch b-c ca0
9Kc ch0 tr0ng bCng 3.2.
Hl trK I4X$M trMn 9:ng Y+ng 6H 1IX$M trMn 9:ng 8Mn c~ng dea trMn
ccng mt ng+,Mn 8^ nh9 L bc tC tr0ng %I. T+, nhiMn U thec hin c?c ,M+ cp+ .hpn
6 t+,n cSa m?, .h?tV cpn bt mt Ah0Cng 8ci 85n hZn t@i b Ah+,ch @i cng 7+Pt
ch0 c?c 7Z [ i=+ ch nH,.
Tc 7 8i+ snh 9:ng Y+ng 1Mb.73 Tc 7 8i+ snh 9:ng 8Mn 1Mb.73
1IX$M I4X$M I4X$M 6H
MfMg
h2KqX2K 1IX$M
14 21 42 '.& 11
kng /.1% T(c & '( li*u enh t.Kn "ng lKn v: "ng 3u(ng ;hi 'S ?ng '# ]
iû ch bc ca+.
3.5.2.an xen v sp t Iai chm tn hiu
Ji 65i 1IX$MV hai tr0ng 7 bn bit 9Kc mang bDi A^ hi+ i=+ ch 7{ tin c-,
hZn t@i m?, th+ d0 7e Ah?c nha+ cSa c?c bit 8En c-n gpn nhPt tr0ng chcm tWn hi+.
Ji=+ nH, Ah?c 65i i=+ ch X2KV tr0ng / cC hai bit =+ c/ tin c-, nh9 nha+.
Ng0Hi ra i 65i c?c mL t+rb0V c?c bit h thng c/ tpm *+an trng ca0 hZn tr0ng *+?
trdnh giCi mL 70 65i c?c bit chn 8\. _d th cpn 7a. Y. cHng nhi=+ cHng tt c?c bit h
thng 6H0 c?c 6B trW bit tin c-, hZn tr0ng mt A^ hi+ 1IX$M. Z [ cSa b an Y`n
9Kc ch0 trMn hdnh 3.12 9Kc ti. nh-n ch0 H]#"H U i=+ AhiUn *+? trdnh 7a. Y.
c?c bit h thng 6H c?c bit chn 8\ 8Mn c?c A^ hi+ i=+ ch 1IX$M.
Ji 65i X2K chs b an Y`n trMn tr0ng hdnh 3.12 8H 9Kc 7; d<ngV tr0ng Ahi
/ i 65i 1IX$M hai b an Y`n ging nha+ 9Kc 7; d<ng [ng th:i. Tr95c ht c?c
bit h thng 9Kc 9a 6H0 b an Y`n trMnV cun c?c bit chn 8\ 9Kc 9a 6H0 b an
Y`n d95i. "hcm tWn hi+ 1IX$M 9Kc *+i Bnh 7a0 ch0 p+ ra cSa b an Y`n trMn
9Kc 7a. Y. 8Mn c?c 6B trW bit tin c-, cun p+ ra cSa b an Y`n d95i 9Kc 7a. Y. 6H0
c?c 6B trW Wt tin c-, hZn.
N+ 1IX$M 9Kc 7; d<ng At hK. 65i H$%X 7; d<ng At hK. 7Gn batV 6ic 7a.
Y. 8@i c?c AW hi+ 1IX$M giOa c?c 8pn .h?t Ah?c nha+ 7{ c/ 8Ki 6= mbt hi+ nGng 6d
n/ 8Hm tr+ng bdnh h/a Cnh h9Dng tin c-, cSa c?c bit. T+, nhiMn cpn 89+ ^ rzng
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 H=
78D9:
8Ki nH, chs c/ 9Kc i 65i .h?t 8@i chQ Ahng i 65i .h?t 8pn p+. Ng0Hi ra 8Ki
nh-n 9Kc ty 7a. Y. 8@i chcm tWn hi+ Ahng ?ng AU Ahi 7; d<ng H$%X d9 tGng.
_d th 7a. Y. 8@i chs ?. d<ng chS ,+ ch0 At hK. 7Gn bat.
a. Y. 8@i chcm tWn hi+ 9Kc thec hin bzng c?ch h0?n 6B bit tr0ng Ahi chn
bit 6H 9Kc i=+ AhiUn bDi mt thng 7 7a. Y. bn bit thng *+a i=+ AhiUn hai tha0
t?c c 8-.. Tr95c htV p+ ra cSa hai b an Y`n c/ thU 9Kc tra0 )i. ThQ haiV p+ ra
cSa b an Y`n d95i 1ha, b an Y`n trMn n+ tra0 )i 9Kc 7; d<ng3 c/ thU 9Kc C0.
Kt *+C h thng chn ra 9Kc mt tr0ng 7 bn chcm tWn hi+ Ah?c nha+ ch0
1IX$M.
Hnh 3.12: an xen knh cho HS-DSCH
3.E.1%& bi2# 89 th4ch 5ng 67ng tr#$-n
3.6.1.Lp biu
Mt tr0ng 7 c?c ng+,Mn 8^ cZ 7D cSa H#2$ 8H 8-. biU+ .h< th+c AMnh. h
8-. biU+ tr0ng M$"]h7 i=+ AhiUn 6ic 7{ 7; d<ng .hpn mL chia 7\ nH0 6H tHi ng+,Mn
cng 7+Pt nH0 ch0 ng9:i 7; d<ng nH0 tr0ng mt TTf ch0 tr95c. JE, 8H .hpn t; *+an
trng 6H c~ng 8H mt .hpn t; *+,t Bnh D mt mQc rPt 85n t)ng hi+ nGng cSa h
thng H#2$V bc bit 8H tr0ng mt m@ng c/ tCi 85n. Khi tCi thP.V chs c/ mt h0bc
mt Wt ng9:i 7; d<ng 9Kc 8-. biU+ 6H 7e Ah?c bit giOa c?c chin 89Kc 8-. biU+ Ah?c
nha+ 8H Ahng rt rHng.
Ng+,Mn 8^ 8-. biU+ 9Kc m tC trMn hdnh 3.13. Nt h ?nh gi? chPt 89Kng AMnh
cSa tyng m?, di ng H#2$ dea trMn h[i ti. 85. 6-t 8^ nh-n 9Kc ty 9:ng 8Mn.
a+ / 8-. biU+ 6H thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n 9Kc thec hin nhanh tc, th+c 6H0 giCi
th+-t 8-. biU+ 6H 7Z [ 9+ tiMn ng9:i 7; d<ng.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 H
78D9:
Hnh 3.13: Nguyn I Ip biu ca nt B HSDPA
Mbc dc 3G22 Ahng bc tC 6ic thec hin b 8-. biU+ nh9ng m<c Wch t)ng thU
cSa hp+ ht c?c b 8-. biU+ 8H 8Ki d<ng c?c tha, )i AMnh giOa c?c ng9:i 7; d<ng 6H
8-. biU+ tr+,=n d>n 9+ tiMn ch0 ng9:i 7; d<ng c/ c?c i=+ Ain AMnh tt nhPt. T[n t@i
mt 7 chin 89Kc 8-. biU+ nh9ng U 8-. biU+ h0@t ng hi+ *+C thd ,M+ cp+ ti thiU+j
Thng tin 6= c?c i=+ Ain AMnh tQc th:i t@i Uk.
Thng tin 6= tr@ng th?i b m 6H mQc 9+ tiMn cSa c?c 8+[ng 7 8i+
Thng tin 6= tr@ng th?i tQc th:i cSa AMnh t@i Uk th9:ng nh-n 9Kc thng *+a '
bit chs thB chPt 89Kng AMnh 1"Xf3 mH tyng Uk Bnh Ad .hCn h[i 8@i ch0 nt h. Uk tWnh
t0?n "Xf dea trMn tx 7 tWn hi+ trMn t@. Em cSa h0a tiM+ ch+ng th+ 9Kc. Tha, 6d biU+
diFn "Xf D d@ng chPt 89Kng tWn hi+ th+V "Xf 9Kc biU+ diFn D d@ng AWch th95c Ahi
tr+,=n tCi nMn dcng c/ Ywt n hi+ nGng th+. "?ch biU+ diFn nH, t9Zng 9Zng 65i tc
7 8i+ tQc th:i mH mt p+ c+i c/ thU hl trK chQ Ahng chs mt mdnh chPt 89Kng
AMnh. _d th mt p+ c+i 9Kc trang bB m?, th+ tiMn tin hZn c/ thU th+ 7 8i+ t@i tc
ca0 hZn t@i ccng mt chPt 89Kng AMnh 7{ b?0 c?0 "Xf 85n hZn 70 65i mt p+ c+i
c/ m?, th+ Awm tiMn tin hZn mbc dc chPt 89Kng AMnh t9Zng 9Zng.
Ng0Hi chPt 89Kng AMnh tQc th:iV b 8-. biU+ c~ng cpn .hCi Y`m Ywt tr@ng th?i b
m 6H mQc 9+ tiMn. %t rHng 8H Ahng thU 8-. biU+ ch0 Uk Ahng c/ 7 8i+ Ki .h?t.
"~ng cpn 89+ ^ rzng c/ c?c 80@i 7 8i+ cpn 9Kc .h?t tr0ng mt th:i h@n trF ch0 .hw.
Ahng .h< th+c 6H0 i=+ Ain AMnh. "hng h@n b?0 hi+ %%" 8iMn *+an n ch+,Un
U hl trK di ng 6H 7 8i+ nH, cpn 9Kc ch+,Un n Uk nhanh nhPt. Mt thW d< Ah?c
1mbc dc Ahng *+an trng 6= th:i gian nh9 b?0 hi+ %%"3 8H c?c dBch 6< 8+[ng ui
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 H<
78D9:
hi tc 7 8i+ tr+ng bdnh Ahng )i. "?c dBch 6< nH, c/ gi5i h@n trMn 6= trF ch0
.hw. cSa mt g/i. JU hl trK Y; 8^ 9+ tiMn tr0ng *+,t Bnh 8-. biU+V mt t-. hHng Ki
9+ tiMn 9Kc Bnh ngha U c/ thU chn 7 8i+ 6H0 th`0 mQc 9+ tiMn nh9 m tC trMn
hdnh 3.14.
Hnh 3.14: X I uu tin trong b Ip biu
h 8-. biU+ chn 7 8i+ ty c?c hHng Ki 9+ tiMn ch0 tr+,=n d>n dea trMn c?c
i=+ Ain AMnhV mQc 9+ tiMn cSa hHng Ki 6H c?c thng tin 8iMn *+an Ah?c. JU hl trK
hi+ *+C c?c Qng d<ng 8+[ng ui hi tc tr+ng bdnh ti thiU+V %N" c/ thU Cm
bC0 tc 7 8i+ nH, bzng c?ch c+ng cP. thng tin 6= tc tr+ng bdnh nH, ch0 b
8-. biU+ tr0ng nt h. h 8-. biU+ c/ thU Ywt n *+, Bnh nH, tr0ng *+? trdnh 8-. biU+.
3.6.2.Thch ng ung truyn
H]#"H 7; d<ng thWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n th`0 2m7. Ng0Hi *+,t inh 8-.
biU+V M$"]h7 tr0ng nt h c~ng *+,t Bnh t) hK. mL h/a 6H i=+ ch 7{ 7; d<ng th`0
tyng 2m7. ThWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n dea trMn "Xf cSa 85. 6-t 8^ 9Kc .h?t i ty p+
c+i. ThWch Qng 9:ng tr+,=n 8H mt hHm cSa tx 7 tWn hi+ trMn nhiF+ 1f%3 nh9 minh
ha trMn hdnh 3.1'.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 I@
78D9:
Ji=+ AhiUn tc 8H *+? trdnh i=+ chsnh tc U thWch Qng 65i c?c i=+ Ain
6 t+,n tQc th:i. Tc 7 8i+ 9Kc i=+ chsnh bzng c?ch tha, )i 7Z [ i=+ ch 6H
tx 8 mL. Ji 65i tyng TTfV cZ ch i=+ chsnh tc tr0ng b 8-. biU+ 7{ chn ch0 mt
h0bc nhi=+ ng9:i 7; d<ng mt h0bc nhi=+ Ah+n d@ng tr+,=n tCi 6H c?c tHi ng+,Mn mL
Bnh AMnh U 7; d<ng. Kh+n d@ng tr+,=n tCi ba0 g[m 7Z [ i=+ ch 1X2K ha,
1IX$M3 6H AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi.
Hnh 3.15: Thch ng ung truyn
Tx 8 mL c+i ccng 7a+ mL h/a t+rb0 6H .hi hK. tc 9Kc Y?c Bnh bDi 7Z
[ i=+ chV AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi 6H t-. mL Bnh AMnh 9Kc Pn Bnh ch0 ng9:i 7;
d<ng tr0ng TTf ch0 tr95c. c?c bit 9Kc mL h/a 7a+ .hi hK. tc 9Kc Y?c Bnh
bDi 7Z [ i=+ ch 6H 7 mL Bnh AMnhV cun c?c bit thng tin tr95c mL h/a 9Kc Y?c
Bnh bDi AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi. _d th bzng c?ch i=+ chsnh mt 7 ha, tPt cC c?c
thng 7 n/i trMnV tx 8 mL t)ng c/ thU 9Kc i=+ chsnh.
M$"]h7 thec hin i=+ AhiUn tc bzng c?ch thit 8-. Ah+n d@ng tr+,=n tCi
c 8-. ch0 tyng TTf 2m7 cSa H]#"H. _d th cC 7Z [ i=+ ch 6H tx 8 mL tQc th:i
=+ c/ thU 9Kc i=+ chsnh U nh-n 9Kc tc 7 8i+ thWch hK. 65i c?c i=+ Ain 6
t+,n hin th:i. TTf 2m7 Ah? ngan 6d th Cm bC0 i=+ AhiUn tc b?m 9Kc 7e tha,
)i nhanh chPt 89Kng AMnh tQc th:i.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 I5
78D9:
KWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi c/ thU nh-n mt tr0ng 7 2'4 gi? trB. "?c gi? trB nH,
9Kc 89+ tr0ng nt h 6H Uk. _d th Ahng cpn 8-. cP+ hdnh AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi
Ahi thit 8-. AMnh h0bc Ahi ch+,Un .h<c 6< 6H 6d th giCm b5t Ahi 89Kng b?0 hi+
b) 7+ng 8iMn *+an n di ng. Mli t) hK. mL Bnh AMnh cSa H]#"H 6H 7Z [ i=+
ch Bnh ngha mt t-. c0n chQa I3 tr0ng 7 2'4 AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi 6H I bit
thng tin AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi cSa H]#"H chs thB mt tr0ng 7 I3 AWch
th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi c/ thU c/ i 65i t-. c0n nH,. "?c AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi
tr0ng dCi 13&]2&4'2 bit c/ thU 9Kc thng b?0 ccng 65i c?c tx 8 mL h/a AMnh tr0ng
dCi ty 1q3 n 1.
Ji 65i .h?t 8@iV tx 8 mL tQc th:i c/ thU 85n hZn 1. Ji=+ nH, YC, ra 6d Ahng
thU tha, )i AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi giOa 8pn .h?t p+ 6H 8pn .h?t 8@i. _d th tha, 6d
thng b?0 AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi ch0 8pn .h?t 8@iV c/ thU 7; d<ng mt gi? trB dHnh
tr95c U chs thB rzng H]#"H Ahng c+ng cP. thng tin 6= AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi
6H cpn 7; d<ng gi? trB ty 8pn .h?t p+. "?ch 8Hm nH, tGng thMm tWnh 8inh h0@t ch0 8-.
biU+V chng h@n Ahi chs cpn .h?t mt 89Kng nh c?c bit chn 8\ tr0ng tr9:ng hK. b?0
c?0 "Xf chs thB rzng Uk hp+ nh9 c/ thU giCi mL thng tin gc.
"?ch p+ tiMn U thWch Qng 7e tha, )i nhanh tr0ng chPt 89Kng AMnh tQc th:i 8H
i=+ AhiUn tc 6d ch+n H]#"H Ahng bc tC i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt nhanh. Ji=+
nH, Ahng c/ ngha 8H cng 7+Pt tr+,=n d>n H]#"H Ahng thU tha, )i d0 c?c 8^ d0
Ah?cV chng h@n d0 7e tha, )i cng 7+Pt cpn thit ch0 c?c AMnh 9:ng Y+ng. Hdnh
3.' L m tC thW d< 6= mt 7Z [ Pn Bnh ng cng 7+Pt H]#"H tr0ng / H]
#"H 7; d<ng t0Hn b cng 7+Pt cun 8@i 7a+ Ahi cng 7+Pt ch0 c?c AMnh Ah?c nha+ L
9Kc Pn Bnh. TPt nhiMn c~ng cpn Ywt n t)ng nhiF+ tr0ng *+? trdnh Pn Bnh Ahi
89Kng cng 7+Pt ch0 H]#"H. "hQc nGng i=+ AhiUn tHi ng+,Mn cng 7+Pt tr0ng
%N" chB+ tr?ch nhim ch0 cng 6ic nH,. N/ thit 8-. gi5i h@n trMn cSa cng 7+Pt mH
nt h 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 c?c H]#"H 6H tPt cC H]""H. "hyng nH0 nt h cun nzm
tr0ng gi5i h@n nH,V Pn Bnh cng 7+Pt 9Kc thec hin bDi nt h. Nt h 7; d<ng c?c At
*+C 0 89:ng U b?0 c?0 7e 7; d<ng cng 7+Pt hin th:i ch0 %N". Thng tin 6= chPt
89Kng cng 7+Pt 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 c?c AMnh Ahng .hCi H#2$ 9Kc chQc nGng i=+
AhiUn ch0 .hw. tr0ng %N" 7; d<ng. Khng c/ thng tin nH,V %N" Ahng thU *+,t
Bnh c/ cun tHi ng+,Mn ch0 c?c ng9:i 7; d<ng Ahng c/ H#2$ ang tdm c?ch 6H0
ha, Ahng.
Kh?c 65i X2KV giCi i=+ ch 1IX$M ui hi ch+n biMn t@i Uk. "?ch @t
9Kc i=+ nH, .h< th+c 6H0 thec hin c< thU. Mt c?ch 8Hm 8H 7; d<ng 95c tWnh
AMnh ty h0a tiM+ ch+ng 6H tWnh tx 7 giOa c?c cng 7+Pt th+ cSa H]#"H 6H h0a
tiM+ 8P, tr+ng bdnh tr0ng Ah0Cng th:i gian 2m7. Khi nH, 95c tWnh biMn tQc th:i cpn
78D9:
thit ch0 giCi i=+ ch 1IX$M c/ thU nh-n 9Kc ty h0a tiM+ ch+ng 6H Ah0Cng dBch
9Kc 95c tWnh. JE, 8H 8^ d0 cpn 7; d<ng ng>+ nhiMn h/a bit tr95c Ahi mL h/a t+rb0.
_5i ng>+ nhiMn h/aV cC c?c iUm tWn hi+ tr0ng 6H ng0Hi cSa chcm tWn hi+ 1IX$M
=+ 7{ 9Kc 7; d<ng 65i Y?c 7+Pt ca0 6H c/ thU thec hin 95c tWnh cng 7+Pt H]
#"H th+ chWnh Y?c.
TiM+ chW 7; d<ng U i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt 1*+? trdnh 8ea chn Ah+n d@ng tr+,=n
tCi tr0ng M$"]h73 .h< th+c 6H0 thec hin c< thU 6H Ahng 9Kc Bnh ngha tr0ng tiM+
ch+n. _= ng+,Mn 8^V m<c tiM+ cSa i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt 8H U chn ra mt Ah+n d@ng
tr+,=n tCi U c/ thU .h?t mt Ahi tr+,=n tCi 85n nhPt mH 6>n Cm bC0 Y?c 7+Pt 8li hK.
8^ tr0ng c?c i=+ Ain AMnh tQc th:i ch0 tr95c. T+, nhiMnV chn Ahi tr+,=n tCi 85n hZn
Ahi 89Kng 7 8i+ cpn tr+,=n tr0ng mt TTf ch0 tr95c 8H 6 Wch ch0 dc i=+ Ain AMnh
ch0 .hw.. _d th 6ic chn Ah+n d@ng tr+,=n tCi Ahng chs .h< th+c 6H0 i=+ Ain
AMnh tQc th:i mH cun cC 6H0 tdnh tr@ng 89+ 89Kng tQc th:i cSa ng+[n .h?t.
_d i=+ AhiUn tc th9:ng .h< th+c 6H0 c?c i=+ Ain AMnh tQc th:iV nMn n/
dea trMn c?c ?nh gi? chPt 89Kng AMnh tQc th:i t@i Uk 6H b 8-. biU+. Thng tin 6=
AMnh th9:ng nh-n 9Kc ty "Xf mbc dc c?c @i 89Kng Ah?c c~ng cpn thit.
3.F.H+:; 8Bi Gt hH& m-m
3.7.1.Tng quan hoat ng HARQ ca HSDPA
"hQc nGng H$%X 9Kc bt cC tr0ng M$"]h7 6H 85. 6-t 8^. _d M$"]h7 9Kc
bt tr0ng nt hV nMn c?c Ahi tr+,=n tCi bB mac 8li c/ thU 9Kc .h?t 8@i nhanh. "?c
.h?t 8@i H$%X 6d th Wt trF hZn 70 65i c?c .h?t 8@i dea trMn %T". "/ hai 8^ d0 ch0
Ah?c bit nH,j
Khng cpn b?0 hi+ giOa nt h 6H %N" ch0 .h?t 8@i H$%X. _d th tr?nh 9Kc
c?c trF f+bqf+r ch0 c?c 8pn .h?t 8@i. v; 8^ .h?t 8@i tr0ng nt h c~ng c/ 8Ki ty
*+an iUm d+ng 89Kng f+bqf+rj c?c .h?t 8@i H$%X Ahng tiM+ .hW d+ng 89Kng
tr+,=n tCi m@ng.
Gia0 thQc %T" th9:ng 9Kc 8-. cP+ hdnh dea trMn c?c b?0 c?0 tr@ng th?i Ahng
th9:ng Y+,Mn 6= c?c Ahi 7 8i+ bB 8li 1mt 8pn trMn 6Hi TTf3 U giCm tCi b?0
hi+V tr0ng Ahi / gia0 thQc H$%X cSa H#2$ ch0 .hw. b?0 c?0 tr@ng th?i
nH, th9:ng Y+,Mn 1mt 8pn trMn mt TTf3 6d th giCm thiU+ th:i gian *+a, 6ung.
Tr0ng H#2$V H$%X 8Hm 6ic th`0 tyng Ahi tr+,=n tCi ha, th`0 tyng TTfV
ngha 8H mli Ahi H]#"H "%" chs thB 8liV .h?t 8@i [ng th:i thU hin thng tin 8H
Ahi tr+,=n tCi gc 9Kc ,M+ cp+. _d chs c/ mt Ahi tr+,=n tCi trMn mt TTfV nMn ni
d+ng cSa t0Hn b TTf 7{ 9Kc .h?t 8@i Ahi YC, ra 8li. Ji=+ nH, ch0 .hw. giCm Ahi
89Kng b?0 hi+ 9:ng 8Mn 6d chs cpn mt bit $"KqN$K trMn mt TTf 8H S. Ng0Hi ra
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 I/
78D9:
c?c nghiMn cQ+ tr0ng th:i gian thit A ch0 thP, rzng Wch 8Ki cSa 6ic .h?t nhi=+ Ahi
tr+,=n tCi trMn mt TTf 65i AhC nGng .h?t 8@i riMng r{ 8H rPt nh. Ng+[n 8li tr+,=n d>n
chS ,+ 8H c?c tha, )i nhiF+ t ngt tr0ng AMnh 6H c?c 8li tr0ng h0@t ng thWch Qng
AMnh. _d TTf nganV nMn AMnh Wt mang tWnh thng AM tr0ng Ahi .h?t Ahi tr+,=n tCi 6H
tr0ng hp+ ht c?c tr9:ng hK. c?c 8li 9Kc .hEn b =+ tr0ng th:i gian TTf. Ji=+ nH,
h@n ch 8Ki Wch @t 9Kc cSa c?c .h?t 8@i t?ch bit.
Ng+,Mn 8^ ch+ng cSa H$%X tr0ng H#2$ 9Kc minh ha trMn hdnh 3.1I.
Tr95c ht g/i cpn .h?t 9Kc n@. 6H0 b m cSa nt h. Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. giCi mL .hWa
th+ thPt b@iV nt thec hin .h?t 8@i mH Ahng cpn %N" tham gia. M?, di ng thec
hin At hK. c?c .h?t 8@i. 2h?t th`0 %N" chs thec hin Ahi YC, ra 7e c h0@t ng 85.
6-t 8^ 18li b?0 hi+ chng h@n3. 2h?t 8@i th`0 %N" 7; d<ng ch b?0 nh-n %T"V .h?t
8@i %N" Ahng th9:ng Y+,Mn YC, ra.
Hnh 3.16: Nguyn I tng qut HARQ tai nt B
TGng .hpn d9 8H 7Z [ cZ 7D ch0 At hK. m=mV tr0ng / c?c 8pn .h?t 8@i chQa
c?c t-. bit 9Kc mL h/a Ah?c 65i 8pn .h?t p+. "?c .hiMn bCn d9 Ah?c nha+V ha, c?c
t-. bit 9Kc mL h/a Ah?c nha+V 9Kc t@0 ra nh9 mt b .h-n cSa cZ ch thWch Qng
tc . h thWch Qng tc 7; d<ng <c 8l 1ha, 8b.3 U thWch Qng 7 bit 9Kc mL h/a
65i 7 bit AMnh 6-t 8^ AhC d<ng. "?c m>+ <c 8l Ah?c nha+ ch0 .hw. nh-n 9Kc c?c
t-. bit 9Kc mL h/a Ah?c nha+ ha, c?c .hiMn bCn d9 Ah?c nha+. Hdnh 3.1& m tC
i=+ nH,. Kt hK. 7Gn bat 8H tr9:ng hK. bc bit cSa At hK. d9 tGng. Nt h *+,t
78D9:
Bnh 7; d<ng d9 tGng ha, At hK. 7Gn bat bzng c?ch chn m>+ <c 8l t9Zng Qng
ch0 .h?t 8@i.
Hnh 3.17: Tao ra cc phin bn du
Uk nh-n 9Kc c?c bit 9Kc mL h/a 6H tdm c?ch giCi mL chng. Tr0ng tr9:ng
hK. giCi mL thPt b@iV c?c b m cSa Uk nh-n c?c bit m=m 6H ,M+ cp+ .h?t 8@i bzng
c?ch g;i N$K. a+ Ahi YC, ra .h?t 8@iV Uk At hK. c?c bit m=m 9Kc nh5 m 65i c?c
bit m=m th+ 9Kc ty .h?t 8@i 6H tdm c?ch giCi mL t) hK. nH,.
JU thec hin At hK. m=m ngV Uk cpn bit rzng .h?t 8pn nH, 8H .h?t 8@i cSa
7 8i+ 9Kc .h?t tr95c / ha, 8H .h?t 7 8i+ m5i. JU 6-,V b?0 hi+ i=+ AhiUn 9:ng
Y+ng chQa chs thB 7 8i+ m5i 6H Uk 7{ 7; d<ng n/ U *+,t Bnh Y/a m m=m
1tr+,=n d>n hin th:i 8H ch0 7 8i+ m5i3 ha, cpn thec hin At hK. b m m=m 6H
c?c bit m=m th+ 9Kc 1.h?t 8@i3.
JU giCm thiU+ trF 8iMn *+an n .h?t 8@iV At *+C giCi mL .hCi 9Kc b?0 c?0 75m
nhPt ch0 nt h. J[ng th:i cpn giCm thiU+ thng tin ch0 b?0 hi+ .hCn h[i nH,. JU 6-,
cpn chn cP+ trc dyng 6H Ki ch0 H#2$V tr0ng / mt bit 9Kc .h?t ty Uk n
H#2$ tr0ng mt Ah0Cng th:i gian *+, Bnh tr95c 1Ah0Cng 'm73 7a+ Ahi nh-n 9Kc
Ahi tr+,=n tCi. JU Cm bC0 tr+,=n d>n 8iMn t<c n UkV cpn thec hin nhi=+ cP+ trc
dyng 6H Ki 1ha, c?c *+? trdnh Y; 8^ H$%X3 70ng 70ng nh9 m tC trMn hdnh 3.1(. Nh9
6-, mli ng9:i 7; d<ng 7{ c/ mt thec thU H$%X 6H mli thec thU g[m nhi=+ *+? trdnh
Y; 8^ H$%X.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 IH
78D9:
Hnh 3.18: Nhiu x I HARQ
8pn Y; 8^ H$%X .hCi .hc hK. 65i th:i gian *+a, 6ung giOa Uk 6H nt h
ba0 g[m cC th:i gian Y; 8^ t9Zng Qng U Cm bC0 tr+,=n d>n 8iMn t<c n Uk. ; d<ng
7 8pn Y; 8^ nhi=+ hZn 70 65i tWnh t0?n ty th:i gian *+a, 6ung 7{ Ahng @t 9Kc bPt
AU 8Ki Wch gd tr?i 8@i gE, thMm trF .h?t 8@i.
_d th:i gian Y; 8^ cSa nt h c/ thU Ah?c nha+ giOa c?c thec hin Ah?c nha+V nMn
7 8pn Y; 8^ H$%X c/ thU Ah?c nha+ tc, th+c 6H0 6ic 8-. cP+ hdnh. "/ thU 8-. cP+
hdnh 8Mn n ( 8pn Y; 8^ ch0 mt ng9:i 7; d<ngV t+, nhiMn thng th9:ng 7 8pn 9Kc
7; d<ng 8H 7?+. Ji=+ nH, Cm bC0 Ah0Cng 2.( m7 Y; 8^ tr0ng nt h ty Ahi th+
$"KqN$K ch0 n Ahi nt h c/ thU 8-. biU+ .h?t 1h0bc .h?t 8@i3 ch0 Uk tr0ng ccng
mt Y; 8^ H$%X.
h?0 hi+ i=+ AhiUn 9:ng Y+ng 9Kc 7; d<ng U thng b?0 ch0 Uk 6= 6ic
Y; 8^ H$%X nH0 7{ 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 TTf hin th:i. JE, 8H thng tin *+an trng i
65i Uk 6d n/ cpn thit U thec hin At hK. m=m 65i b m m=m 6H mli Y; 8^
H$%X c/ b m m=m riMng cSa mdnh.
H-+ *+C cSa 6ic thec hin nhi=+ Y; 8^ H$%X c 8-. 70ng 70ng 8H c?c Ahi
tr+,=n tCi 7a+ giCi mL c/ thU Ahng ng thQ te. "hng h@n c/ thU .hCi .h?t 8@i tr0ng
Y; 8^ H$%X 7 mtV tr0ng Ahi / Y; 8^ 7 hai 8@i thHnh cng nga, 7a+ 8pn .h?t p+. _d
th Ahi tr+,=n tCi 9Kc .h?t tr0ng Y; 8^ 7 hai 7{ 9Kc ch+,Un n c?c 85. ca0 h@n t@i
p+ th+ tr95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi tr0ng Y; 8^ 7 mt d>n n Ahi tr+,=n tCi hai c/ thU n
tr95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi mt 1hdnh 3.1(3. _d th cpn .hCi thec hin 7a. Y. 8@i thQ te c?c
Ahi tr+,=n tCi nh-n 9Kc ty c?c Y; 8^ H$%X tr95c Ahi 9a chng 8Mn 85. %T" ca0
hZn. H0@t ng 7a. Y. 8@i 7{ 9Kc Ywt 7a+.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 II
78D9:
3.7.2.Qu trnh x I HARQ tai Ip vt I
Tr0ng c?c trdnh bH, tr95c 6= H$%X 65i At hK. m=mV b *+a mt 7 chi tit 6=
h0@t ng cSa 85. 6-t 8^ 6H gia0 thQc nhzm Zn giCn h/a. Tr0ng .hpn nH, 7{ Ywt chi
tit hZn 6= *+? trdnh Y; 8^ H$%X.
H$%X t?c ng 8Mn tyng Ahi tr+,=n tCi Zn 8\V 6d th mli Ahi H]#"H
"%" chs thB 8liV .h?t 8@i 7{ thU hin thng tin nh9 8H ,M+ cp+ Ahi tr+,=n tCi gc. _d
chs c/ mt Ahi tr+,=n tCi trMn mt TTfV nMn Ahng thU trn .h?t 6H .h?t 8@i tr0ng
ccng mt TTf.
_d 7Z [ .hpn d9 tGng 8H 7Z [ At hK. m=m H$%X cZ 7DV nMn t)ng *+?t
.h?t 8@i 7{ g[m mt t-. Ah?c cSa c?c bit 9Kc mL h/a. Ng0Hi 7Z [ i=+ chV t-. mL
Bnh AMnh 6H cng 7+Pt tr+,=n d>n c/ thU Ah?c 70 65i 8pn .h?t gc. N/i ch+ng 7Z [
.hpn d9 tGng ch0 hi+ nGng tt hZnV bc bit 8H i 65i c?c tx 8 mL ban p+ ca0
nh9ng ui hi c?c ,M+ cp+ ca0 hZn i 65i m m=m tr0ng Uk 6d c?c bit m=m ty tPt
cC c?c 8pn .h?t .hCi 9Kc nh5 m tr95c Ahi giCi mL. _d th nt h cpn bit 9Kc
AWch th95c b nh5 m m=m tr0ng Uk 1ch0 tyng Y; 8^ H$%X tWch cec3. "?c bit
9Kc mL h/a Ahng 6ya 65i b nh5 m 7{ Ahng 9Kc .h?t. Ji 65i H#2$V 6Pn
= nH, 9Kc giCi *+,t bzng c?ch 7; d<ng *+? trdnh .hi hK. tc thQ hai t@0 ra
c?c .hiMn bCn d9 Ah?c nha+.
Mli tpng .hi hK. tc 7; d<ng mt 7 Ahi .hi hK. tc Ah?c nha+
9Kc A^ hi+ 8H %M 1hdnh 3.143. Mt %M c/ thU 9Kc 8-. cP+ hdnh U <c 8l h0bc
8b. bit thQ n.
Hnh 3.19: Nguyn I phi hp tc hai tng
Tpng p+ 9Kc 7; d<ng U gi5i h@n c?c bit 9Kc mL h/a ch0 .hc hK. 65i AhC
nGng b nh5 m nh5 cSa Uk i 65i Y; 8^ H$%X hin th:i. Mt 7 bit mL h/a bB <c
8l 1chWch b3 U Cm bC0 rzng tPt cC c?c bit 9Kc mL h/a t@i p+ ra cSa tpng .hi hK.
tc p+ 7{ bt 6ya 6H0 b m m=m 19Kc gi 8H b m f% C0 t@i .hWa .h?t3. _d th
tc, th+c 6H0 AWch th95c b m m=m tr0ng UkV tx 8 mL thP. nhPt c/ thU ca0 hZn tx
8 mL m 1q3 tr0ng b mL h/a t+rb0. T9+ ^ rzng n+ 7 bit nh-n 9Kc ty mL h/a AMnh
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 I=
78D9:
Ahng 69Kt *+? AhC nGng nh5 m cSa UkV thd tpng .hi hK. tc p+ 7{ tr0ng 7+t
6H Ahng YC, ra <c 8l.
Tpng thQ hai thec hin hai m<c Wchj
2hi hK. 7 bit tr0ng b nh5 C0 65i 7 bit AMnh AhC d<ng. bit AMnh AhC
d<ng 9Kc Y?c Bnh bDi AWch th95c cSa t-. mL Bnh AMnh 6H 7Z [ i=+
ch 9Kc chn ch0 TTf hin Ywt.
T@0 ra c?c t-. bit 9Kc mL h/a Ah?c nha+ d95i 7e i=+ AhiUn cSa hai
thng 7 .hiMn bCn d9 r 6H 7 7{ Ywt d95i E,.
Tb. =+ ch0 tPt cC ba 8+[ng 9Kc ?. d<ng n+ 7 bit AhC d<ng 85n hZn 7 bit
tr0ng b nh5 C0 f%V tr?i 8@i thd <c 8l 7{ 9Kc ?. d<ng.
JU hl trK tGng .hpn d9 p, SV ngha 8H U c/ AhC nGng chs .h?t h0bc .h?t chS
,+ c?c bit chn 8\ tr0ng 8pn .h?t 8@iV c/ thU 7; d<ng thng 7 7 U i=+ AhiUn *+? trdnh
<c 8l c?c bit h thng. N+ bt 71V thd c?c bit h thng 9Kc 9+ tiMn 6H <c 8l tr95c
ht i 65i hai 8+[ng bit chn 8\ 65i 7 89Kng bzng nha+. Tr?i 8@iV n+ bt 70 thd c?c
bit chn 8\ 9Kc 9+ tiMn 6H ?. d<ng <c 8l tr95c ht i 65i c?c bit h thng. N+
tr0ng tr9:ng hK. 9+ tiMn c?c bit h thng mH 7 c?c bit 7a+ mL h/a 85n hZn 7 c?c bit
cSa AMnh 6-t 8^V mbc dc tPt cC c?c bit chn 8\ L bB <c 8lV <c 8l 7{ thec hin thMm i
65i c?c bit h thng. T9Zng te tr0ng tr9:ng hK. .h?t 9+ tiMn ch0 c?c bit chn 8\V mH
<c 8l c?c bit h thng ch9a S thd <c 8l 9Kc ?. d<ng thMm ch0 c?c bit chn 8\.
JU @t 9Kc hi+ nGng ttV c?c bit h thng .hCi 9Kc .h?t tr0ng 8pn .h?t p+V
ngha 8H 71 6H tx 8 mL .hCi 9Kc bt thP. hZn 1. Ji 65i 8pn .h?t 8@i 1giC thit rzng
tr+,=n d>n 8pn p+ Ahng thHnh cng3V c/ thU ?. d<ng c?c chin 89Kc Ah?c nha+. N+
nt Ahng nh-n 9Kc cC $"K 8>n N$K U trC 8:i ch0 8pn .h?t p+V Uk c/ thU U mPt
.h?t 8pn p+. _d th bt 71 c~ng thWch hK. ch0 8pn .h?t 8@i nH,. JE, c~ng 8H tr9:ng
hK. tr0ng / th+ 9Kc N$K 6H At hK. 7Gn bat 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 c?c 8pn .h?t 8@i. T+,
nhiMn n+ th+ 9Kc N$K 6H tGng .hpn d9 9Kc 7; d<ngV ngha 8H cpn 9+ tiMn c?c bit
chn 8\V thd 70 8H thWch hK..
Thng 7 r i=+ AhiUn m>+ <c 8l tr0ng tyng Ahi .hi hK. tc 6H *+,t
Bnh bit b?0 bB <c 8l. Thng th9:ng r0 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 .h?t 8pn p+. Ji 65i c?c
8pn .h?t 8@i rV th9:ng 9Kc tGng U 9Kc mt m>+ Ah?c. _d th bzng c?ch tha, )i rV c/
thU t@0 ra nhi=+ t-. c?c bit 9Kc mL h/a thU hin ccng mt t-. bit thng tin 1c?c t-.
nH, c/ thU ch[ng 8Pn mt .hpn 8Mn nha+3. T9+ ^ rzng 6ic tha, )i 7 bit AMnh bzng
c?ch tha, )i 7Z [ i=+ ch ha, 7 mL Bnh AMnh c~ng Cnh h9Dng 8Mn 6ic c?c bit
9Kc mL h/a nH0 7{ 9Kc .h?t th-m chW Ahi c?c thng 7 r 6H 7 Ahng tha, )i giOa
c?c 8pn .h?t.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 I
78D9:
_ic 7; d<ng 7Z [ .hi hK. tc hai tpng c/ thU dF dHng hl trK At hK. .hpn
d9 tGng 6H 7Gn bat. hzng c?ch bt 71 6H r0 ch0 tPt cC c?c 8pn .h?tV t-. bit 9Kc 7;
d<ng ch0 c?c 8pn .h?t 8@i 7{ ging nh9 t-. bit cSa 8pn .h?t p+V / 8H At hK. 7Gn bat.
N+ bt 71 6H r0 ch0 8pn .h?t p+ 6H bt 70 6H r0 ch0 c?c 8pn .h?t 8@i 7{ 9Kc 7Z
[ At hK. .hpn d9 tGng. N+ bt 71 ch0 tPt cC c?c 8pn .h?t 8@i 6H cC 8pn .h?t p+ thd
7{ 9Kc 7Z [ f% mt .hpnV tr0ng / .hpn d9 tGng ccng 65i c?c bit h thng 9Kc .h?t
tr0ng tPt cC c?c 8pn .h?t.
3.7.3.Hoat ng ca giao thc HARQ
Mli thec thU H$%X c/ thU hl trK nhi=+ 1n (3 Y; 8^ H$%X AiU+ dyng 6H Ki.
T^ d0 7; d<ng cZ ch nH, 8H U Cm bC0 tr+,=n d>n 8iMn t<c n mt Uk. 8pn Y; 8^
H$%X c/ thU 9Kc 8-. cP+ hdnh bDi b?0 hi+ 85. ca0 hZn. 8pn H$%X cpn 9Kc
chn ch0 .hc hK. 65i th:i gian *+a, 6ung ba0 g[m TTfV trF gia0 din 6 t+,n 9:ng
Y+ng 6H 9:ng 8MnV th:i gian Y; 8^ tr0ng Uk 6H th:i gian Y; 8^ tr0ng nt h.
Thit A gia0 thQc giC thit 8H th:i gian giOa At thc Ahi tr+,=n tCi th+ 9Kc 6H
.h?t $"KqN$K 9Kc Bnh ngha rt rHng. Thec chPt E, chWnh 8H th:i gian mH Uk c/
thU giCi mL 7 8i+ th+. Ty *+an iUm trFV th:i gian nH, cHng nh cHng ttV nh9ng *+?
nh 7{ Ahng ?. Qng 9Kc tc Y; 8^ cSa Uk. Mbc dc 6= mbt ng+,Mn tacV th:i gian
nH, .h< th+c 6H0 AhC nGng Y; 8^ cSa UkV nh9ng gi? trB 'm7 ch0 th:i gian nH, L
9Kc tha th+-n dea trMn cEn i giOa hi+ nGng 6H mQc .hQc t@.. gi? trB nH, Cnh
h9Dng 8Mn 7 Y; 8^ H$%X cpn thit. Thng th9:ng t)ng 7 Y; 8^ 9Kc bt cP+ hdnh
bzng I d>n n 2.(m7 ch0 Y; 8^ c?c .h?t 8@i tr0ng nt h.
h 8-. biU+ i=+ hHnh 6ic Y; 8^ H$%X nH0 7{ 7; d<ng ch0 8pn .h?t hin th:i
n 6H thng b?0 i=+ nH, ch0 Uk. T9+ ^ rzng c?c Y; 8^ H$%X c/ thU 9Kc thec hin
th`0 thQ te bPt Ad. Khi 89Kng nh5 m m=m AhC d<ng tr0ng Uk 9Kc .hEn chia b?n
c Bnh ch0 c?c Y; 8^ Ah?c nha+. _d th 7 Y; 8^ H$%X cHng 85n thd Ahi 89Kng nh5
AhC d<ng ch0 mt Y; 8^ H$%X i 65i .hpn d9 tGng cHng nh. _ic .hEn chia t)ng
d+ng 89Kng nh5 m m=m giOa c?c Y; 8^ H$%X 9Kc i=+ hHnh bDi %N" 6H Ahng
nhPt thit .hCi Cm bC0 d+ng 89Kng nh5 ch0 tyng Y; 8^ H$%X .hCi bzng nha+. Mt 7
Y; 8^ H$%X c/ thU 9Kc 8-. cP+ hdnh 65i d+ng 89Kng nh5 m m=m 85n hZn 70 65i
c?c Y; 8^ Ah?cV mbc dc thng th9:ng t)ng d+ng 89Kng nh5 m m=m 9Kc chia =+
ch0 c?c Y; 8^.
N+ .h?t hin th:i Ahng .hCi 8H .h?t 8@iV thd M$"]h7 cSa nt h 7{ tGng chs thB
7 8i+ m5i bzng mt bit Zn. _d th i 65i mli Ahi tr+,=n tCi m5i bit nH, 9Kc cht
chbt. "hs thB nH, 9Kc 7; d<ng U Uk bit rzng nh5 m m=m dHnh ch0 .h?t 8pn p+V
6d th`0 *+i Bnh At hK. m=m Ahng 9Kc thec hin ch0 .h?t 8pn p+. "hs thB nH, c~ng
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 I<
78D9:
9Kc 7; d<ng U .h?t hin c?c tr9:ng hK. 8li tr0ng b?0 hi+ tr@ng th?iV chng h@nV n+
chs thB 7 8i+ m5i Ahng bB cht chbt ch0 dc 7 8i+ 8pn .h?t tr95c i 65i Y; 8^
H$%X ang Ywt L 9Kc giCi mL thHnh cng 6H 9Kc cng nh-nV thd chac chan L YC,
ra mt 8li tr0ng b?0 hi+ 9:ng 8Mn. T9Zng te n+ chs thB 9Kc cht chbt nh9ng 7 8i+
8pn .h?t tr95c i 65i Y; 8^ H$%X ang Ywt 9Kc giCi mL 7aiV thd Uk 7{ tha, th 7
8i+ tr95c / tr0ng b nh5 m m=m bzng 7 8i+ th+ 9Kc m5i.
"?c 7ai 8li tr0ng b?0 hi+ tr@ng th?i 1$"KqN$K3 7{ Cnh h9Dng 8Mn t)ng hi+
nGng. N+ $"K bB hiU+ nhpm 8H N$KV thd 7{ YC, ra mt .h?t 8@i H$%X Ahng cpn
thit d>n n giCm 1mt 89Kng nh3 thng 89Kng. Mbt Ah?cV hiU+ 8pm N$K 8H $"K 7{
d>n n mPt 7 8i+ 6d nt h 7{ Ahng .h?t 8@i H$%X ch0 dc Uk giCi mL thPt b@i 7
8i+ nH,. Ng0Hi ra 7 8i+ bB mPt 8@i .hCi 9Kc gia0 thQc %T" .h?t 8@i 6H E, 8H mt
thS t<c tiM+ tn nhi=+ th:i gian hZn .h?t 8@i H$%X. _d th c?c ,M+ cp+ 6= 7ai 8li
$"KqN$K th9:ng Ahng i YQng 65i Y?c 7+Pt 8li thng th9:ng 8Hj
2
r
1N$Kq$"K310
]2
6H 2
r
1$"KqN$K310
]3
. _5i c?c Y?c 7+Pt 8li nH,V Cnh h9Dng cSa
7ai 8li b?0 hi+ H$%X 8Mn hi+ nGng T"2 cSa ng9:i 7; d<ng p+ c+i 8H nh.
3.7.4.Chuyn theo th t
hCn thEn c?c Y; 8^ H$%X Ahng thU Cm bC0 ch+,Un th`0 thQ te 6d Ahng c/
7e t9Zng t?c giOa c?c Y; 8^. _d thV cpn thec hin ch+,Un th`0 thQ te ch0 c?c Y; 8^
H$%X 6H cpn thec hin mt hHng 7a. Y. 7a. bt 8@i thQ te 8@i tr0ng Uk M$"]h7 ch0
m<c Wch nH,. "?c hHng Ki 9+ tiMn tr0ng nt h 7; d<ng U Y; 8^ 9+ tiMn tr0ng *+?
trdnh 8-. biU+ 6H t9Zng Qng 65i chng 8H c?c hHng Ki 7a. Y. 8@i Uk.
M$"]h7 t@i nt h nh-n c?c M$"]d 2#U ty mt ha, nhi=+ 8+[ng M$"]d. Mli
M$"]d 2#U 9Kc Pn Bnh mt mQc 9+ tiMn 6H c?c M$"]d 2#U 65i c?c mQc 9+
tiMn Ah?c nha+ c/ thU 9Kc trn 6H0 ccng mt 8+[ng M$"]d. "?c 8+[ng M$"]d 9Kc
.hEn 80@i 6H0 c?c hHng Ki 9+ tiMn nh9 trMn hdnh 3.20. Mli hHng Ki 9+ tiMn t9Zng Qng
65i mt 8+[ng M$"]d c/ mt mQc 9+ tiMn M$"]d nhPt BnhV tr0ng / b?0 hi+ %%"
9Kc 7; d<ng U thit 8-. ch+,Un )i giOa c?c hHng Ki 9+ tiMn 6H c?c 8+[ng M$"]d.
_d th b 8-. biU+ tr0ng M$"]h7 c/ thU Ywt c?c mQc 9+ tiMn Ahi 9a ra *+,t Bnh.
Mt ha, mt 7 M$"]2#U ty c?c hHng Ki 9+ tiMn 7{ 9Kc 8a. r?. 6H0 mt
Ahi 7 8i+V tr0ng / b 8-. biU+ 7{ i=+ AhiUn 7 89Kng c?c M$" 2#U 6H chn 8ea
hHng Ki 9+ tiMn. TiM+ = M$"]h7 ch9a nh-n d@ng hHng KiV 7 trdnh te .h?t 6H mt 7
thng tin Ah?c. TiM+ = nH, 9Kc gan 6H0 Ahi tr+,=n tCi. Khi tr+,=n tCi 9Kc ch+,Un
n 85. 6-t 8^ U ti. t<c Y; 8^. _d chs c/ mt nh-n d@ng hHng Ki 6H 7 trdnh te .h?t
tr0ng Ahi tr+,=n tCiV nMn tPt cC c?c M$"]d 2#U tr0ng ccng mt Ahi tr+,=n tCi =+
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 =@
78D9:
n ty ccng mt hHng Ki 9+ tiMn. _d th tr0ng ccng mt TTf Ahng thU trn c?c
M$"]2#U ty c?c hHng Ki Ah?c nha+.
Tr0ng UkV nh-n d@ng hHng Ki 7a. bt 8@i thQ te 9Kc 7; d<ng U bt Ahi th+
chQa c?c M$"]d 2#U 6H0 ng hHng Ki 7a. bt 8@i 1hdnh 3.203. Mli hHng Ki 7a. bt
8@i thQ te t9Zng Qng 65i mt hHng Ki 9+ tiMn tr0ng nt hV mbc dc c?c hHng Ki 9+ tiMn
nh5 m M$"]d 2#U tr0ng Ahi c?c hHng Ki 7a. bt 8@i thQ te nh5 m c?c Ahi 7
8i+. hMn tr0ng mli hHng Ki 7a. bt 8@iV 7 trdnh te .h?t 19Kc .h?t tr0ng tiM+ =
M$"]h73 9Kc 7; d<ng U Cm bC0 ch+,Un c?c M$"]d 2#U th`0 trdnh te. trdnh te
.h?t 8H d+, nhPt tr0ng hHng Ki 7a. bt 8@i nh9ng Ahng d+, nhPt giOa c?c hHng Ki
7a. bt 8@i.
Hnh 3.20: Cc hng i uu tin trong MAC-hs ca nt B v cc hng i sp
xp Iai
t9Dng cZ bCn ch0 7a. bt 8@i thQ te 19Kc minh ha trMn hdnh 3.1(3 8H 89+ giO
Ahi 7 8i+ tr0ng hHng Ki 7a. bt 8@i thQ te ch0 n Ahi tPt cC c?c Ahi 7 8i+ c/ 7
trdnh te thP. hZn L 9Kc ch+,Un ht. T@i th:i iUm t
0
trMn hdnh 3.21V nt h L tr+,=n
70ng c?c Ahi 7 8i+ 65i c?c 7 trdnh te ty 0 n 3. T+, nhiMn Ahi 7 8i+ 65i 7 trdnh
te 1 6>n ch9a n 9Kc hHng Ki 7a. bt 8@i cSa M$"]h7 tr0ng UkV c/ thU 8H d0 c?c
.h?t 8@i H$%X ha, c?c 7ai 8li cSa b?0 hi+ 9:ng 8Mn H$%X. Khi 7 8i+ 0 9Kc
th?0 g} thHnh c?c M$"]d 2#U 6H 9Kc tr+,=n 8Mn c?c 85. trMn bDi Uk M$"]h7V tr0ng
Ahi / c?c Ahi 2 6H 3 9Kc nh5 m tr0ng hHng Ki 7a. bt 8@i thQ te 6d Ahi 7 8i+ 1
bB mPt.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 =5
78D9:
Hnh 3.21: Minh ha nguyn tc ca cc hng i sp t Iai th t
%t rHng rzng c/ thU YC, ra 7e ngGn cCn hHng Ki 7a. bt 8@i n+ c?c Ahi 7 8i+
thi+ 1Ahi 7 8i+ 1 tr0ng tr9:ng hK. nH,3 Ahng th+ 9Kc thHnh cng tr0ng mt th:i
gian nhPt Bnh. _d th mt cZ ch tr?nh 7e ngGn cCn dea trMn b Bnh th:i 9Kc Bnh
ngha ch0 M$"]h7. Mli Ahi mt Ahi 7 8i+ 9Kc th+ thHnh cng nh9ng Ahng thU
ch+,Un 8Mn 85. trMnV b Bnh th:i 9Kc AhDi ng. TrMn hdnh 3.21 i=+ nH, YC, ra Ahi
Ahi 7 8i+ 2 9Kc th+ thHnh cngV nh9ng thi+ Ahi 7 8i+ 1 tr0ng hHng Ki 7a. bt
8@i thQ te. T9+ ^ rzng cec @i chs c/ mt [ng h[ tr?nh ngGn chbn 9Kc tWch cec. _d
th Ahng b Bnh th:i nH0 9Kc AhDi ng Ahi th+ 9Kc Ahi 7 8i+ 3V 6d L c/ mt
b Bnh th:i tWch cec 9Kc AhDi ng ch0 Ahi 7 8i+ 2. Khi [ng h[ nH, L ch@, ht
1th:i iUm t
1
trMn hdnh3V Ahi 7 8i+ 1 9Kc c0i 8H bB mPt. TPt cC c?c Ahi 7 8i+ ch0
n Ahi 7 8i+ thi+ p+ tiMn 7{ 9Kc th?0 g} thHnh c?c M$"]2#U 6H 9Kc ch+,Un
8Mn c?c 85. ca0 hZn. "?c Ahi 7 8i+ 2 6H 3 9Kc ch+,Un 8Mn 85. ca0 hZn.
N+ chs 7; d<ng cZ ch dea trMn b Bnh th:i 7{ h@n ch c?c gi? trB c/ thU c/
cSa b Bnh th:i 6H h@n ch h0@t ng n+ c?c 7 trdnh te 9Kc d+, trd 8H c?c 7 d+,
nhPt. _d thV cZ ch tr?nh 7e ngGn cCn dea trMn c;a 7) 9Kc Bnh ngha b) 7+ng ch0 cZ
ch dea trMn Bnh th:i U Cm bC0 hHnh 6i nhPt *+?n cSa Uk. N+ chQc nGng 7a. bt
8@i thQ te th+ 9Kc mt Ahi 7 8i+ c/ 7 trdnh te ca0 hZn 70 65i c+i c;a 7)V thd Ahi
7 8i+ nH, 9Kc chn 6H0 b nh5 m 7a. bt 8@i thQ te t@i 6B trW 9Kc chs ra bDi 7
trdnh te nH,. J[ng th:i cSa 7) th+ 9Kc dBch 8Mn 7a0 ch0 Ahi 7 8i+ 9Kc th+ nH, trD
thHnh Ahi 7 8i+ c+i ccng tr0ng c;a 7). Mi Ahi 7 8i+ 9Kc th+ nH, trD thHnh
Ahi 7 8i+ c+i ccng tr0ng c;a 7). Mi Ahi 7 8i+ Ahng nzm tr0ng c;a 7) 7a+ Ahi
c;a 7) 9Kc dBch 8Mn 7{ 9Kc ch+,Un 8Mn 85. ca0 hZn. Tr0ng 6W d< trMnV AWch th95c c;a
7) 9Kc 7; d<ng 8H 4 nh9ng AWch th95c c;a 7) cSa M$"]h7 c/ thU 9Kc 8-. cP+ hdnh
bDi %N". TrMn hdnhV Ahi 7 8i+ 65i 7 trdnh te 1 9Kc th+ t@i th:i iUm t
2
V 6d th c;a
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 =1
78D9:
7) .hCi dBch ch+,Un U chQa c?c 7 trdnh te ty I n 1. Khi trdnh te 4 bB c0i 8H mPtV 6d
th n/ nzm ng0Hi c;a 7) tr0ng Ahi Ahi 7 8i+ ' 9Kc th?0 g} 6H 9Kc ch+,Un 8Mn c?c
85. trMn. JU chQc nGng 7a. bt 8@i thQ te tr0ng Uk h0@t ng ngV nt h Ahng 9Kc
.hw. .h?t c?c M$"]d 2#U c/ c?c 7 trdnh te ca0 hZn hi+ 7 cSa 7 trdnh te .h?t 6H
AWch th95c c;a 7) th+ cSa Uk.
3.7.5.HARQ kt hp mm cho HSDPA-MIMO
Ji 65i tyng 8+[ngV Y; 8^ H$%X 85. 6-t 8^ 6H 7; d<ng nhi=+ Y; 8^ H$%X c~ng
ging nh9 tr0ng tr9:ng hK. mt 8+[ng. T+, nhiMnV 6d nhi=+ 8+[ng 9Kc tr+,=n trMn c?c
ant`n Ah?c nha+V nMn mt 8+[ng c/ thU 9Kc th+ ng tr0ng Ahi 8+[ng Ah?c c/ thU .hCi
.h?t 8@i tCi tin. _d th mli 8+[ng 7{ 9Kc .h?t mt $"KqN$K ty Uk n nt h.
3.I.>;J 89 cKc &h6Lng tin Knh giK chMt 06Hng Gh#ng GhKc
Mt 7 c?c chQc nGng th`n cht cSa H#2$V mH tr95c ht 8H 8-. biU+ 6H i=+
AhiUn tc V =+ dea trMn 6ic thWch Qng nhanh c?c thng 7 tr+,=n d>n 65i c?c i=+
Ain AMnh tQc th:i cSa 9:ng tr+,=n n Uk. Nt h c/ thU te d0 t@0 ra 95c tWnh AMnh
dea trMn mi thng tin AhC d<ngV nh9ng b?0 hi+ i=+ AhiUn 9:ng 8Mn ty c?c Uk D
d@ng chs thB chPt 89Kng 9:ng tr+,=n 1"Xf3 th9:ng 9Kc 7; d<ng.
"Xf Ahng chs thB mt c?ch c< thU chPt 89Kng AMnhV mH chs chs thB tc 7
8i+ nH0 Uk cpn hl trK tr0ng c?c i=+ Ain AMnh hin hO+. N/i mt c?ch c< thU hZnV
"Xf 8H Ah+,n nghB 6= AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi 1t9Zng 9Zng 65i Ah+,n nghB 6=
tc 7 8i+3.
T^ d0 Ahng b?0 c?0 At *+C 0 chPt 89Kng AMnh c< thU 6d c?c Uk Ah?c nha+ c/
thU hl trK c?c tc 7 8i+ Ah?c nha+ tr0ng c?c mi tr9:ng ging nha+ tc, th`0 thec
hin c< thU cSa m?, th+. _5i 6ic b?0 c?0 tc 7 8i+ chQ Ahng .hCi At *+C 0
chPt 89Kng AMnh c< thUV Uk c/ m?, th+ tt hZn c/ thU c+ng cP. dBch 6< tt hZn 6H i=+
nH, rPt c/ 8Ki Ahi 7; d<ng cP+ trc m?, th+ tiMn tin ch0 ng9:i 7; d<ng p+ c+i. Ji
65i AMnh 9Kc i=+ AhiUn cng 7+PtV 8Ki nh-n 9Kc ty mt m?, th+ tiMn tin 8H nt h
c/ thU 7; d<ng cng 7+Pt thP. hZnV 6H i=+ nH, c/ 8Ki ch0 m@ng chQ Ahng .hCi ch0
ng9:i 7; d<ng p+ c+i. "?ch nhdn nH, h0Hn t0Hn tr?i ng9Kc 65i H]#"H 7; d<ng
i=+ AhiUn tc V tr0ng / mt Uk c/ m?, th+ tiMn tin c/ thU th+ 9Kc H]#"H
65i tc 7 8i+ ca0 hZn 70 65i m?, th+ bdnh th9:ng.
Mli gi? trB "Xf ' bit t9Zng Qng 65i AWch th95c cSa mt Ahi tr+,=n tCiV 7Z [
i=+ ch 6H 7 89Kng c?c mL Bnh AMnh. Mt 7 bCng Ah?c nha+ 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 c?c
80@i Uk Ah?c nha+ 6d Uk Ahng thU b?0 c?0 "Xf 69Kt *+? AhC nGng cSa mdnh. "hng
h@n "Xf chs hl trK ' mL Bnh AMnh Ahng thU b?0 c?0 "Xf t9Zng Qng 65i 1' mLV tr0ng
Ahi / Uk 1' mL c/ thU 8Hm i=+ nH,. _d th c?c Ah0Cng dBch cng 7+Pt 9Kc 7; d<ng
ch0 c?c chPt 89Kng AMnh 69Kt *+? AhC nGng Uk. #Bch cng 7+Pt Y dh chs thB rzng Uk
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 =/
78D9:
c/ thU th+ mt AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi nhPt BnhV nh9ng t@i cng 7+Pt .h?t thP. hZn
?nh gi? ty b?0 c?0 "Xf mt 89Kng 8H Y dh. Ji=+ nH, 9Kc minh ha tr0ng bCng 3.3
ch0 mt 7 thU 80@i Uk.
Uk th+c 80@i 1]I chs c/ thU th+ n ' mL Bnh AMnh H]#"H 6H 6d th .hCi
7; d<ng dBch cng 7+Pt ch0 c?c gi? trB "Xf ca0 nhPtV tr0ng Ahi / Uk 80@i 10 c/ thU th+
1' mL.
0i-
t.i
!>$
AZch th"Nc ;h(i
t.u2^n ti
7# ]
iû
ch
7( l"Qng mf inh
;Knh 67gD7!6
Dich c)ng 'u\t
v?kw
L+Di 5gI L+Di 5@ L+Di 5gI L+Di 5@ L+Di 5gI L+Di 5@
0 Khng ?. d<ng Ng0Hi dCi
1 13& X2K 1 0
2 1&3 X2K 1 0
3 233 X2K 1 0
4 31& X2K 1 0
' 3&& X2K 1 0
I 4I1 X2K 1 0
& I'0 X2K 2 0
( &42 X2K 2 0
4 431 X2K 2 0
10 12I2 X2K 3 0
11 14(3 X2K 3 0
12 1&42 X2K 3 0
13 22&4 X2K 4 0
14 2'(3 X2K 4 0
1' 3314 X2K ' 0
1I 3'I' 1IX$M ' 0
1& 41(4 1IX$M ' 0
1( 4II4 1IX$M ' 0
14 '2(& 1IX$M ' 0
20 '((& 1IX$M ' 0
21 I''4 1IX$M ' 0
22 &1I( 1IX$M ' 0
23 &1I( 4&14 1IX$M ' & ]1 0
24 &1I( 1141( 1IX$M ' ( ]2 0
2' &1I( 14411 1IX$M ' 10 ]3 0
2I &1I( 1&23& 1IX$M ' 12 ]4 0
2& &1I( 21&'4 1IX$M ' 1' ]' 0
2( &1I( 233&0 1IX$M ' 1' ]I 0
24 &1I( 4222 1IX$M ' 1' ]& 0
30 &1I( 2'''( 1IX$M ' 1' ]( 0
kng /./% aZ ? v^ b-+ c-+ !>$ ch+ c-c l+Di CT ;h-c nhau
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 =4
78D9:
"?c gi? trB "Xf tr0ng bCng trMn .hEn 80@i th`0 thQ te tGng 6H Uk 7{ b?0 c?0 gi?
trB "Xf ca0 nhPt th`0 / tr+,=n d>n 65i c?c thng 7 t9Zng Qng 65i gi? trB nH, 7{ chs
gE, ra Y?c 7+Pt 8li Ahi Ahng *+? 10. "?c gi? trB "Xf 9Kc chn 7a0 ch0 tGng "Xf
mt nPc t9Zng Qng 65i tGng 1 dh tr0ng tx 7 7/ng mang trMn t@. Em tr0ng AMnh
$!GN.
"Z 7D U t@0 ra "Xf 8H 0 @c trMn AMnh h0a tiM+ ch+ng. "Xf biU+ thB c?c i=+
Ain thQc th:i cSa AMnh tr0ng Ah0Cng th:i gian ba Ah` 65i At thc mt Ah` tr95c Ahi
.h?t "Xf. _ic *+i Bnh "Xf b?0 c?0 tr0ng Ah0Cng th:i gian nH0 U nt h b?m AB. c?c
tha, )i tr0ng chPt 89Kng AMnh giOa c?c b?0 c?0 "Xf 9Kc thec hin bzng c?ch 7;
d<ng c?c 8nh i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt. JBnh th:i c?c b?0 c?0 "Xf 6H th:i gian 75m nhPt
c/ thU 7; d<ng b?0 c?0 nH, ch0 m<c Wch 8-. biU+ 9Kc minh ha trMn hdnh 3.22.
Hnh 3.22: Tuong quan [nh thi cho cc bo co CQI
Tc b?0 c?0 chPt 89Kng AMnh c/ thU 9Kc 8-. cP+ hdnh ch0 mt b?0 c?0 tr0ng
dCi 2]1I0m7. "Xf c~ng c/ thU bB tat h0Hn t0Hn.
"?c giCi th+-t 8-. biU+ 6H thWch Qng tc 8H bc thc cSa tyng nhH c+ng cP.
thit bBV i=+ AhiUn tc c/ thU 9Kc thec hin th`0 c?c tiM+ chW Ah?c 65i c?c b?0 c?0
cSa Uk 1h0bc c 8-. h0bc At hK.3. ; d<ng mQc cng 7+Pt .h?t cSa AMnh #2"H 8iMn
At c~ng 8H mt AhC nGng ch0 tiM+ chW n/i trMnV tr0ng / cng 7+Pt .h?t #2"H ca0 chs
thB i=+ Ain AMnh th+-n 8Ki. _d mQc cng 7+Pt 8H 7 0 t9Zng i cSa chPt 89Kng AMnh
6H Ahng .hCn ?nh chPt 89Kng AMnh Ah?ch *+an t+,t iV nMn A th+-t nH, chs c/ 9+
iUm Ahi At hK. 65i c?c b?0 c?0 chPt 89Kng AMnh t+,t i 6H cng 7+Pt .h?t cSa AMnh
#2"H 9Kc i=+ AhiUn th`0 cng 7+Pt c/ thU 9Kc 7; d<ng U c-. nh-t b?0 c?0 chPt
89Kng AMnh nH, giOa c?c th:i iUm b?0 c?0. Z [ At hK. nH, h0@t ng Ah? tt 6H c/
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 =H
78D9:
thU giCm ?ng AU tpn 7+Pt b?0 c?0 "Xf cSa Uk chyng nH0 #2"H Ahng nzm tr0ng
ch+,Un gia0 m=m. Tr0ng ch+,Un gia0 m=mV cng 7+Pt .h?t cSa c?c 9:ng tr+,=n 6
t+,n Ah?c nha+ tham gia 6H ch+,Un gia0 m=m 9Kc i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt 6d th tWn
hi+ th+ At hK. c/ S chPt 89Kng. H-+ *+C 8H cng 7+Pt .h?t cSa #2"H t@i H]
#"H Ahng chac chan .hCn ?nh chPt 89Kng AMnh mH Uk cCm nh-n 9Kc. _d th Ahi
YC, ra ch+,Un gia0 m=m cpn b?0 c?0 chPt 89Kng th9:ng Y+,Mn hZn ty Uk.
3.N.>M# trc cKc GOnh bK( hi# cPa HS=*+
3.9.1.Bo hiu iu khin ung xung HS-SCCH
H]""H 1i Ahi 9Kc gi 8H AMnh i=+ AhiUn chia 7\3 8H AMnh 6-t 8^ 9:ng
Y+ng chia 7\ mang thng tin b?0 hi+ i=+ AhiUn cpn thit U Uk c/ thU giCi trCi .h)V
giCi i=+ ch 6H giCi mL AMnh H]#"H.
Tr0ng tyng Ah0Cng th:i gian 2m7 t9Zng Qng 65i mt H]#"H TTfV mt AMnh
H]""H mang thng tin b?0 hi+ 85. 6-t 8^ n mt Uk. _d H#2$ hl trK tr+,=n
d>n H]#"H n nhi=+ ng9:i 7; d<ng [ng th:i bzng c?ch ghw. mL nMn cpn c/
nhi=+ AMnh H]""H tr0ng mt . Th`0 tiM+ ch+nV mt Uk .hCi c/ thU giCi mL bn
AMnh H]""H [ng th:i. T+, nhiMn c/ thU 8-. cP+ hdnh nhi=+ AMnh H]""H hZn
tr0ng mt V mbc dc Wt Ahi cpn n i=+ nH,.
H]""H 7; d<ng h 7 trCi .h) 12( 6H c/ cP+ trc th:i gian dea trMn mt
Ah+ng c0n c/ dHi 2m7 bzng dHi cSa H]#"H. "?c thng tin 7a+ E, 9Kc
mang trMn H]""Hj
Kh+n d@ng tr+,=n tCi ba0 g[mj
T-. mL Bnh AMnh H]#"H 1& bit3
Z [ i=+ ch H]#"HV X2Kq1IX$M 11 bit3
Thng tin 8iMn *+an n H$%X ba0 g[mj
89Kng Y; 8^ H$%X 13 bit3
2hiMn bCn d9 13 bit3
"hs thB 7 8i+ m5i 11 bit3
Uk f# U nh-n d@ng Uk mH thng tin H]""H cpn ch+,Un n 11I bit3. Uk
f# Ahng 9Kc .h?t t9:ng minh mH 9Kc chQa n tHng tr0ng tWnh t0?n "%" 6H
mL h/a AMnh H]""H.
Khi tr+,=n tCi H]#"H c/ thU nh-n ty mt n 2'4 AWch th95c Ah?c nha+.
Mli t) hK. giOa t-. mL Bnh AMnh 6H 7Z [ i=+ ch t9Zng Qng 65i mt t-. c0n tr0ng
7 c?c AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi n/i trMnV tr0ng / mli t-. c0n ba0 g[m I3 AhC nGng
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 =I
78D9:
c/ thU c/ cSa AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi. Thng tin 6= AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi cSa
H]#"H I bit chs thB AWch th95c nH0 tr0ng 7 I3 AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi c/ thU c/
L 9Kc Bnh ngha U 7; d<ng t0Hn b tx 8 mL tr0ng dCi ty 1q3 n 1 ch0 8pn .h?t
p+. Ji 65i .h?t 8@iV ts 8 mL tQc th:i 85n hZn 1 c/ thU @t 9Kc bzng chs thB rzng
AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi ging nh9 8pn .h?t tr95c tr0ng Y; 8^ H$%X nH,. Ji=+
nH, 9Kc chs thB bzng c?ch bt tr9:ng thng tin AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi H]
#"H 6H0 111111. "?ch 8Hm nH, c/ 8Ki U b) 7+ng tWnh 8inh h0@t cSa 8-. biU+ chng
h@n U chs thB .h?t 8@i mt 7 89Kng bit chn 8\ tr0ng tr9:ng hK. b?0 c?0 "Xf ch0 thP,
rzng Uk hp+ nh9 L c/ AhC nGng giCi mL tr+,=n d>n gc.
"?c ,M+ cp+ 6= 6ic c?c .hpn thng tin Ah?c nha+ cSa H]#"H cpn c/ mbt t@i
Uk 8c nH0 Cnh h9Dng 8Mn cP+ trc chi tit cSa *+? trdnh mL h/a AMnh H]""H 6H
7a. Y. AMnh 6-t 8^. #0 .hQc t@. cSa c?c Uk Ah?c nha+V Uk cpn bit t-. mL Bnh
AMnh tr95c Ahi bat p+ .h?t H]#"H. N+ Ahng bit tr95c i=+ nH,V Uk 7{ .hCi
nh5 m tWn hi+ th+ 9Kc U giCi trCi .h) tPt cC c?c mL cSa H]#"H cec @i n 1'
mL. Z [ i=+ ch tr95c Ah+ng c0n H]#"H ch0 .hw. giCi i=+ ch AB. th:i. Mbt
Ah?c AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi 6H thng tin 8iMn *+an n H$%X c~ng cpn thit Ahi
giCi mL H]#"Hq At hK. m=m. Th9:ng *+? trdnh nH, chs bat p+ D c+i H]#"H.
_d th thng tin cSa H]""H 9Kc chia thHnh hai .hpnj
2hpn 1 ba0 g[m t-. mL Bnh AMnh 6H 7Z [ i=+ ch 1t)ng cng ( bit3. Ji=+ nH,
ch0 .hw. p+ c+i hl trK ' h0bc 10 mLV th-m chW c/ thU n 1' mL. _d th 65i mt p+
c+i hl trK 7 mL nh hZnV c?c mL 7; d<ng 9Kc giCi mL ty H]""H 6H giCi trCi .h)
chs cpn gi5i h@n D c?c mL de Bnh ch0 p+ c+i. h 8-. biU+ 7{ Ahng 69Kt *+? c?c
gi5i h@n 9Kc thit 8-. bDi AhC nGng cSa p+ c+i nH,.
2hpn 2 ba0 g[m AWch th95c Ahi tr+,=n tCi 6H thng 7 8iMn *+an n H$%X
1chng h@n Y; 8^ H$%X nH0 ang 9Kc .h?t3. "hs thB .h?t 8H m5i ha, 8iMn *+an n
g/i 9Kc .h?t tr95c /. Nga, cC Ahi c?c .h?t tr95c / cSa mt g/i Ahng 9Kc th+
ngV chs thB 7 8i+ m5i 6>n thng b?0 ch0 p+ c+i 8H c/ thU 80@i c?c tr+,=n d>n c~
Ahi b m. Ngha 8H tc, th`0 dBch 6<V h0bc 7{ c/ mt .h?t 8@i mQc %T" m+n hZn
1ch %T" c/ cng nh-n3 h0bc chs Zn giCn 8H hS, 7 8i+ 6H Qng d<ng 7{ .hCi chP.
nh-n 8li 1ch %T" Ahng cng nh-n3. Ng0Hi ra thng tin 6= .hiMn bCn d9 6H chcm
tWn hi+ c~ng 9Kc tr+,=n tr0ng .hpn hai.
JBnh th:i giOa H]""H 6H H]#"H ch0 .hw. p+ c+i c/ th:i gian mt Ah`
U chs ra c?c mL nH0 7; d<ng U giCi trCi .h) 6H Y?c Bnh 7Z [ i=+ ch. Ji 65i c?c
thng 7 cun 8@iV th:i gian Y; 8^ Ah` cpn 9Kc Ywt tr95c Ahi .h?t At thc 6H c/ thU bat
p+ mt TTf 2m7 m5i.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 ==
78D9:
ML h/a H]""HV 7a. Y. AMnh 6-t 8^ 6H t9Zng *+an Bnh th:i ch0 tr+,=n d>n
H]#"H 9Kc minh ha trMn hdnh 3.23. ML h/a AMnh H]#"H dea trMn mL h/a
Y0an tx 8 1q3 9Kc thec hin riMng ch0 .hpn 1 6H .hpn 2. 2hpn 1 9Kc mL h/a 6H
9Kc .hi hK. tc n 40 bit U bt 6ya Ah` thQ nhPt cSa b?n Ah+ng H]""H.
Tr95c Ahi 7a. Y. AMnh 8Mn AMnh 6-t 8^V .hpn mt 9Kc ng>+ nhiMn h/a bDi mt ch+li
40 bit bc thc cSa Uk. "h+li nH, 9Kc rt ra ty 1I bit Uk f# 7; d<ng mL h/a Y0an tx
8 1q2 7a+ / 9Kc <c 8l. _5i 7Z [ trMn hdnh 3.23V thng tin .hpn 1 c/ thU 9Kc giCi
mL 7a+ mt Ah` cSa b?n Ah+ng H]""H. Ng0Hi ra tr0ng tr9:ng hK. c/ nhi=+ AMnh
H]""HV Uk c/ thU tdm 9Kc ng H]""H ty 7 0 m=m cSa b giCi mL AMnh
nga, 7a+ Ah` thQ nhPt. Mt c?ch gi. Uk 7; d<ng 7 0 m=m U Y?c Bnh 1n+ c/3
AMnh nH0 tr0ng 7 nhi=+ AMnh H]""H mang thng tin i=+ AhiUn ch0 n/ 8H t@0 ra tx
8 80g Ah? ging giOa ty mL AhC ging nhPt 6H ty mL AhC ging thQ hai ch0 t9:ng H]
""H. H]""H c/ tx 8 nH, 85n nhPt 7{ c/ Y?c 7+Pt ca0 8H AMnh cpn tr+,=n ch0 Uk
6H c/ thU 9Kc chn U giCi mL ti. th`0 ch0 thng tin .hpn hai.
2hpn hai 9Kc mL h/a 6H 9Kc .hi hK. tc n (0 bit U bt 6ya 6H0 Ah`
thQ hai 6H thQ ba cSa H]""H. 2hpn hai chQa cC "%" bc thc Uk U .h?t hin
8li. "%" nH, 9Kc tWnh t0?n trMn tPt cC c?c bit thng tin g[m cC .hpn 1 6H .hpn 2
At hK. ccng 65i nh-n d@ng Uk. Nh-n d@ng nH, Ahng 9Kc .h?t mt c?ch t9:ng
minh mH chs chQa f# cSa Uk Ahi tWnh t0?n "%" t@i m?, th+V Uk c/ thU *+,t Bnh
E, c/ .hCi 8H i t9Kng th+ ha, Ahng. N+ E, 8H thng tin ch0 Uk Ah?cV "%" 7{
Ahng 9Kc AiUm tra.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 =
78D9:
Hnh 3.23: M ha knh HS-SCCH
Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. .h?t H]#"H n mt Uk tr0ng nhi=+ TTf 8iMn ti.V Uk
.hCi giCi trCi .h) H]""H [ng th:i 65i c?c mL Bnh AMnh H]#"H. JU giCm 7
89Kng b giCi mL trCi .h) cpn thitV ccng mt AMnh H]""H 7{ 9Kc 7; d<ng Ahi
tr+,=n d>n H]#"H 9Kc thec hin tr0ng nhi=+ TTf 8iMn ti.. Ngha 8HV Uk chs cpn
giCi trCi .h) mt H]""H Ahi [ng th:i th+ 9Kc H]#"H.
JU tr?nh 8Lng .hW d+ng 89KngV cng 7+Pt .h?t H]""H chs 9Kc i=+ chsnh S
U @t n Uk cpn th+. Thng tin t9Zng te 7; d<ng ch0 i=+ AhiUn tc V chng h@n
c?c b?0 c?0 "Xf c/ thU 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt H]""H.
3.9.2.Bo hiu iu khin ung xung F-DPCH
Ji 65i mli Uk 9Kc .h<c 6< bDi AMnh H]#"HV cpn c/ mt AMnh #2"H
8iMn At. _= ng+,Mn tacV n+ t0Hn b tr+,=n d>n 7 8i+ ba0 g[m cC b?0 hi+ %%" 9Kc
7a. Y. trMn H]#"HV thd Ahng cpn mang bPt cQ thng tin nH0 trMn #2"H. _d th
Ahng cpn c?c thng tin nh9 chs thB At hK. Ah+n d@ng tr+,=n tCi 1Ti"f3 ha, c?c h0a
tiM+ riMng trMn AMnh #2"H nh9 6-,. Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. nH, #2"H chs 9Kc 7; d<ng
ch0 H]#"H U mang c?c 8nh i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt n Uk U n/ i=+ chsnh cng
7+Pt 9:ng 8Mn. _d th %I L 9a ra AMnh i]#2"H 1#2"H mt .hpn3 nh: 6-, giCm 7
89Kng c?c mL Bnh AMnh cpn 7; d<ng ch0 c?c AMnh dHnh riMng. Tha, 6d cP. .h?t mt
AMnh #2"H 65i h 7 trCi .h) 2'I chs ch0 m<c Wch .h?t mt 8nh i=+ AhiUn cng
7+Pt trMn mt Ah`V i]#2"H ch0 .hw. n 10 Uk chia 7\ mt mL Bnh AMnh ch0 m<c
Wch nH,. _= bCn chPtV i]#2"H c/ Ah+n d@ng Ah` chs hl trK bit T2" 1i=+ AhiUn
cng 7+Pt .h?t3. Hai bit T2" 1mt A^ hi+ X2K3 9Kc .h?t tr0ng mt .hpn m9:i Ah`
7; d<ng h 7 trCi .h) 2'IV .hpn cun 8@i Ahng 9Kc 7; d<ng. hzng c?ch thit 8-. Bnh
th:i 9:ng Y+ng ch0 nhi=+ Uk nh9 trMn hdnh 3.24V 10 Uk c/ thU chia 7\ mL Bnh
AMnh nH,. J[ng th:i c~ng ch0 thP, c?ch ghw. th`0 th:i gian c?c 8nh i=+ AhiUn cng
7+Pt ch0 nhi=+ ng9:i 7; d<ng trMn mt mL Bnh AMnh.
Hnh 3.24: DPCH mt phn (F-DPCH) uc ua vo R6
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 =<
78D9:
Khi 70 7?nh 65i %3 #2#"HV i]#2#"H chs tr+,=n 9:ng i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt
.h?t 1T2"3 nh9 minh ha trMn hdnh 3.2'. Ng0Hi ra Bnh th:i gc 6>n 9Kc d+, trd U
tr?nh .hCi i=+ chsnh c?c Bnh th:i dea trMn c?c thec hin 6ung i=+ AhiUn cng 7+Pt
cSa %3.
Hnh 3.25: Cu trc F-DCCH so vi R3 DPCH
#95i E, 8H ng+,Mn 8^ h0@t ng i]#""Hj
Hnh 3.26: Nguyn I hoat ng F-DPCCH
3.9.3.Bo hiu iu khin ung In: HS-DPCCH
JU Cm bC0 h0@t ng cSa H$%X 6H c+ng cP. tr@ng th?i tQc th:i cSa AMnh
9:ng Y+ng ch0 nt hV cpn c/ b?0 hi+ i=+ AhiUn 9:ng 8Mn. h?0 hi+ nH, 9Kc
mang trMn mt AMnh 6-t 8^ m5i b) 7+ngV H]#2""H 7; d<ng mL Bnh AMnh t?ch bit
65i #2""H 9:ng 8Mn thng th9:ng. _ic 7; d<ng mL Bnh AMnh riMng ch0 H]
#2""H 8Hm ch0 c?c tr@m gc Ahng c/ AhC nGng H#2$ Ahng thU nhdn thP, AMnh
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 @
78D9:
nH, 6H ch0 .hw. ch+,Un gia0 m=m 9:ng 8Mn nga, cC Ahi Ahng .hCi tPt cC c?c nt h
tr0ng t-. tWch cec hl trK H#2$.
H]#2""H 7; d<ng h 7 trCi .h) 2'I 6H 9Kc .h?t 70ng 70ng 65i c?c AMnh
9:ng 8Mn Ah?c 1hdnh 3.2&3. JU giCm 2$2% 9:ng 8MnV mL Bnh AMnh 7; d<ng ch0 H]
#2""H 9Kc 7a. Y. 8Mn nh?nh f ha, X cSa mL nH, .h< th+c 6H0 7 89Kng cec @i
c?c AMnh #2""H mH t-. t) hK. Ah+n d@ng tr+,=n tCi 7; d<ng tr0ng cP+ hdnh 0 Uk
thit 8-..
Hnh 3.27: Cu trc HS-DPCCH
_d h 7 trCi .h) cSa H]#2""H 8H 2'IV H]#2""H ch0 .hw. 30 bit AMnh
tr0ng b?n Ah+ng 2m7 13 Ah`3. Thng tin H]#2""H 9Kc .hEn chia 7a0 ch0 cng
nh-n H$%X 9Kc .h?t tr0ng Ah` th:i gian thQ nhPtV cun chs thB chPt 89Kng Ah+ng
9Kc .h?t tr0ng Ah` th:i gian thQ hai 6H thQ ba minh ha d95i E,j
Hnh 3.28: Cu trc bo hiu co s ung In s dng HS-DPCCH ghp m I/Q
JU giCm thiU+ th:i gian *+a, 6ung H$%XV th:i gian .h?t H]#2""H Ahng
[ng b Ah` 65i c?c AMnh 9:ng 8Mn Ah?c. JBnh th:i H]#2""H *+i Bnh th`0 At
thc b?n Ah+ng mang 7 8i+ H]#"H nh9 trMn hdnh 3.2(. JBnh th:i 9Kc thec hin
7a0 ch0 Ah0Cng th:i gian Y; 8^ cSa Uk tWnh ty th:i iUm At thc H]#"H TTf ch0
n Ahi .h?t cng nh-n H$%X 8H 6H0 Ah0Cng &.' Ah` 114200 chi.3 t9Zng 9Zng 65i
gpn 'm7. N+ H]#2""H [ng b Ah` 65i c?c AMnh #2""H 9:ng 8MnV thd 7{ YC, ra
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 5
78D9:
7e c Ahng rt rHng mt Ah` tr0ng *+? trdnh Bnh th:i H]#"HqH]#2""H. e
Ahng rt rHng nH, 7{ giCm th:i gian Y; 8^ AhC d<ng i 65i Ukqnt h mt Ah`.
Nh: [ng b giOa H]#2""H 9:ng 8Mn 6H H]#"H 9:ng Y+ngV H]
#2""H 7{ Ahng nhPt thit .hCi [ng b Ah` 65i #2#"Hq#2""H 9:ng 8Mn. T+,
nhiMn cpn 89+ ^ rzng H]#2""H 8+n 8+n 9Kc [ng b 65i #2""Hq#2i"H 9:ng
8Mn trMn cZ 7D 2'I chi. U Cm bC0 tWnh trec gia0 9:ng 8Mn. _d th H]#2""H Ahng
thU c/ Bnh th:i c Bnh 70 65i H]#"H th+. Tha, 6H0 /V Bnh th:i H]#2""H
tha, )i tr0ng Ah0Cng ty 14200 chi. n 14200|2'2 chi.. T9+ ^ rzng "Xf 6H
$"KqN$K 9Kc .h?t c 8-. 65i nha+. Tr0ng c?c b?n Ah+ng mH D / $"KqN$K ha,
"Xf Ahng 9Kc .h?tV Ahng thng tin nH0 9Kc .h?t tr0ng tr9:ng t9Zng Qng cSa H]
#2""H.
"ng nh-n H$%X ba0 g[m mt bit thng tinV $"K ha, N$K chs thB rzng H]
#"H 9Kc giCi mL 19Kc AiUm tra "%"3 ng ha, 7ai. $"K ha, N$K chs 9Kc .h?t
tr0ng tr9:ng hK. Uk th+ ng b?0 hi+ i=+ AhiUn H]""H. N+ Ahng .h?t hin
9Kc b?0 hi+ H]""H g;i ch0 UkV Ahng thng tin nH0 9Kc tr+,=n tr0ng tr9:ng
$"KqN$K 1#Tv3. "?ch 8Hm nH, ch0 .hw. giCm tCi 9:ng 8Mn. $"K mt bit 9Kc mL
h/a h/a 8b. n 10 bit U bt 6ya 6H0 Ah` thQ nhPt cSa b?n Ah+ng H]#2""H.
2h?t 8b. tin c-, $"KqN$K ui hi S Ahi 89Kng nGng 89Kng. Tr0ng mt 7
tr9:ng hK. Ahi cng 7+Pt bB h@n chV c/ thU Ahng S nGng 89Kng U .h?t $"KqN$K
trMn mt Ah` th:i gian. _d th c/ thU 8-. cP+ hdnh Uk U .h?t 8b. $"KqN$K tr0ng N
Ah` $"KqN$K ti. th`0. TPt nhiMnV Ahi Uk 9Kc 8-. cP+ hdnh U .h?t c?c cng nh-n
8b. nhi=+ 8pnV n/ Ahng thU nh-n 7 8i+ H]#"H tr0ng c?c TTf 8iMn ti.V 6d Ahi nH,
Uk Ahng thU cng nh-n tPt cC c?c 7 8i+ H]#"H. Tha, 6H0 / 7{ c/ Wt nhPt N]1
b?n Ah+ng 2m7 rlng giOa mli H]#"H TTf mH D / 7 8i+ cpn 9Kc th+. "?c .h?t
8b. nhi=+ 8pn cng nh-n c/ thU hO+ Wch i 65i c?c 85n ha, tr0ng mt 7 tr9:ng hK.
ch+,Un gia0 m=m. Tr0ng ch+,Un gia0 m=mV 9:ng 8Mn c/ thU 9Kc i=+ AhiUn cng
7+Pt bDi nhi=+ nt h. N+ bPt cQ nt h nH0 tr0ng 7 c?c nt h Ahng .h<c 6< c/ 9:ng
8Mn tt nhPtV chPt 89Kng H]#2""H t@i nt h .h<c 6< c/ thU Ahng S 6H 6d th .h?t
8b. c/ thU cpn thit.
Rnh h9Dng cSa c?c 8li $"K nhpm thHnh N$K 6H N$K nhpm thHnh $"K 8H
Ah?c nha+V d>n n c?c ,M+ cp+ Ah?c nha+. Ng0Hi ra c~ng cpn Y; 8^ 8li #Tv nhpm
thHnh $"K. N+ Uk mPt thng tin 8-. biU+ 6H nt h t9Dng nhpm #Tv 8H $"KV 7{
YC, ra mPt 7 8i+ tr0ng H$%X. _d th cpn 7; d<ng mt ng9}ng *+,t Bnh tr0ng
b .h?t hin $"KqN$K nh9 trMn hdnh 3.24. #ea trMn .h9Zng 7ai t@. Em t@i b .h?t
hin $"KqN$KV c/ thU tWnh t0?n ng9}ng nH, U ?. Qng mt Y?c 7+Pt nhPt Bnh 6=
nh-n nhpm #Tv 8H $"KV chng h@n bzng 10]2. a+ / c/ thU thit 8-. cng 7+Pt
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 1
78D9:
$"K 6H N$K U ?. Qng c?c ,M+ cp+ i 65i 8li cun 8@i 1$"K nhpm 8H N$K 6H
N$K nhpm 8H $"K3.
Hnh 3.29: Ngung pht hin trung ACK/NAK ca HS-DPCCH
%I 9a ra mt tGng c9:ng ch0 b?0 hi+ $"KqN$K. Ng0Hi $"K 6H N$KV Uk
c~ng c/ thU .h?t hai ty mL b) 7+ngV 2%k 6H 2gT trMn H]#""H. Uk 9Kc 8-. cP+
hdnh U 7; d<ng tGng c9:ng nH, 7{ .h?t 2%k 6H 2gT tr0ng b?n Ah+ng tr95c 6H 7a+
$"KqN$K 1try .hi c?c b?n Ah+ng nH, 9Kc 7; d<ng bDi $"KqN$K ch0 c?c Ahi
tr+,=n tCi Ah?c3. _d th mt $"K c/ thU gE, ra tr+,=n d>n trCi dHi trMn nhi=+ Ah+ng 6H
nh: 6-, c/ thU giCm cng 7+Pt tr0ng Ahi 6>n d+, trd tx 8 8li nhpm $"K thHnh N$K
nh9 minh ha d95i E,j
Hnh 3.30: ACK/NAK tng cung bng cch s dng PRE v POST
"Xf ba0 g[m nGm bit thng tin. ML Ahi 120.'3 9Kc 7; d<ng U mL h/a thng
tin nH, thHnh 20 bit t9Zng Qng hai Ah` trMn H]#""H. T9Zng te $"KqN$KV c~ng c/
thU .h?t 8b. nhi=+ 8pn tr9:ng "Xf trMn nhi=+ Ah+ng 6H c/ thU 7; d<ng .h?t 8b. nH, U
cCi thin 6cng .hS. Gi? trB "Xf Ahng t9Zng Qng 65i k
c
qN
0
ha, tx 7 tWn hi+ trMn
nhiF+ f% t@i p+ c+i. Tha, 6H0 / gi? trB 9Kc b?0 c?0 nH, 8H mt hHm .h< th+c
6H0 mi tr9:ng a 9:ngV AiU+ m?, th+ p+ c+i 6H tx 7 nhiF+ cSa chWnh tr@m gc 70
65i c?c tr@m gc Ah?c 6H AhC d<ng cng 7+Pt cSa hT H#2$. + iUm cSa c?ch
Bnh ngha nH, 8H n/ ba0 hHm c?c thec hin m?, th+ c/ thU c/ 6H c?c tha, )i cSa mi
tr9:ng 6H 6d th gi? trB nH, thU hin 9Kc tc tt nhPt mH p+ c+i c/.
3.9.4.Bo hiu iu khin cho HSDPA-MIMO
JU hl trK MfMgV b?0 hi+ i=+ AhiUn ng0Hi bGng 9Kc cCi tin ch0 .hc hK..
h?0 hi+ tr0ng bGng D d@ng tiM+ = M$"]`7 Ahng cpn tha, )i 6d 7a. bt 8@i thQ te 6H
chn hHng Ki 9+ tiMn Ahng bB Cnh h9Dng bDi 6ic 7; d<ng MfMg. T+, nhiMn U hl
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 /
78D9:
trK hi+ *+C c?c tc 7 8i+ ca0 d0 MfMg c+ng cP.V c?c 85. M$" 6H %T" c~ng
9Kc c-. nh-t bzng .hEn 0@n 8inh h0@t.
h?0 hi+ i=+ AhiUn ng0Hi bGng 9:ng Y+ng 9Kc mang trMn H]""H.
Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. Uk c/ AhC nGng hl trK MfMgV mt Ah+n d@ng cCi tin cSa H]
""H 9Kc 7; d<ng U c/ thU chQa thng tin b) 7+ng cpn thit 1hdnh 3.313. 2hEn chia
H]""H thHnh hai .hpn 6>n 9Kc giO ng+,Mn. 2hpn mt 9Kc mD rng U chQa cC
thng tin 6= 7 89Kng 8+[ng 7{ .h?t n Uk 1mt ha, hai3 6H 7Z [ i=+ ch t9Zng Qng
ccng 65i thng tin 6= ma tr-n ti=n mL h/a nH0 tr0ng 7 bn ma tr-n mH nt h 7{ 7;
d<ng U .h?t. TiMn *+an n .hpn hai cSa H]""HV Ah+n d@ng 9Kc 7; d<ng .h<
th+c 6H0 6ic mt ha, hai 8+[ng 9Kc 8-. biU+ .h?t n Uk. Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. hai
8+[ngV c?c bit b) 7+ng 7{ 9Kc .h?t trMn .hpn hai U mang thng tin 6= AWch th95c Ahi
tr+,=n tCi ch0 8+[ng thQ hai. Mbc dc 7 bit trMn AMnh H]""H tr0ng tr9:ng hK.
MfMg tGngV h 7 trCi .h) cSa H]""H 6>n 8H 12(. "?c bit b) 7+ng 9Kc bt 8Mn
AMnh 6-t 8^ bzng c?ch i=+ chsnh .hi hK. tc ch0 hai .hpn mt c?ch .hc hK..
Hnh 3.31: Thng tin HS-SCCH trong trung hp h tr MIMO
h?0 hi+ i=+ AhiUn 9:ng 8Mn ba0 g[m $"KqN$KV 2"fV "Xf 6H 9Kc .h?t
trMn H]#2""H. Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. tr+,=n d>n mt 8+[ngV chs mt bit $"KqN$K
9Kc .h?t 6H Ah+n d@ng ging nh9 %'. Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. .h?t hai 8+[ngV hai bit
$"KqN$K 9Kc mL h/a At hK. thHnh 10 bit 6H 9Kc .h?t trMn mt Ah` th:i gian trMn
H]#2""H. Thng tin ti=n mL h/a 12"f3 ba0 g[m 2 bit U chs thB ma tr-n nH0 tr0ng
7 bn ma tr-n ti=n mL h/a 8H .hc hK. nhPt 65i c?c i=+ Ain AMnh t@i Uk.
"hs thB chPt 89Kng AMnh 1"Xf3 chs thB tc 7 8i+ mH Uk Ah+,n nghB tr0ng
tr9:ng hK. tr+,=n d>n 9Kc thec hin bzng c?ch 7; d<ng 2"f 9Kc Ah+,n nghB. "C
thng b?0 "Xf 8+[ng Zn 6H 8+[ng Aw. =+ cpn thit 6d b 8-. biU+ c/ thU *+,t Bnh
chs .h?t mt 8+[ng nga, cC Ahi i=+ Ain AMnh ch0 .hw. hai 8+[ngV chng h@n n+ Ahi
89Kng 7 8i+ cpn .h?t nh. _d Ahng thU rt ra chPt 89Kng 8+[ng Zn ty b?0 c?0 8+[ng
Aw.V nMn hai AiU+ "Xf 9Kc Bnh ngha nh9 7a+j
h?0 c?0 AiU+ $V ch9a 2"f 6H 7 8+[ng Ah+,n nghB 1mt h0bc hai3 ccng 65i
"Xf ch0 mli 8+[ng tr0ng 7 hai 8+[ng nH,.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 4
78D9:
h?0 c?0 AiU+ hV chQa 2"f 6H "Xf tr0ng tr9:ng hK. .h?t mt 8+[ng.
Ji 65i b?0 c?0 AiU+ hV b?0 c?0 "Xf ' bit ging nh9 tr0ng c?c .h?t hHnh tr95c
9Kc 7; d<ngV cun i 65i b?0 c?0 AiU+ $V "Xf ba0 g[m ( bit. Tr0ng cC hai tr9:ng
hK.V c?c b?0 c?0 2"f 6H "Xf 9Kc m/c ni 6H 9Kc mL h/a thHnh 20 bit bzng c?ch 7;
d<ng mL Ahi.
T9Kng te nh9 i 65i tr9:ng hK. Ahng MfMgV c?c b?0 c?0 2"fq"Xf 9Kc
.h?t tr0ng hai Ah` th:i gian trMn H]#2""H. JU Cm bC0 thWch Qng 8inh h0@t 65i cac
mi tr9:ng tr+,=n 7/ng Ah?c nha+V N b?0 c?0 p+ tr0ng 7 M 2"fq"Xf b?0 c?0 c/
AiU+ $ 6H M]N b?0 c?0 cun 8@i c/ AiU+ h. Tx 7 NqM 9Kc 8-. cP+ hdnh thng *+a b?0
hi+ ty %N". Hdnh 7a+ m tC hai 6W d<j
Hnh 3.32: V d bo co PCI/CQI kiu A v kiu B cho UE uc Ip cu hnh
h tr MIMO
3.1Q.HS=*+ MJMR
MfMg 8H mt tr0ng tWnh nGng m5i 9Kc 9a 6H0 %& U tGng c?c tc 7 8i+
snh thng *+a tr+,=n d>n 8+[ng. N/i mt c?ch chbt ch{V MfMg 8H mt c?ch thU hin
t)ng *+?t 7e 7; d<ng nhi=+ ant`n D c?c .hWa .h?t 6H .hWa th+. Nhi=+ ant`n c/ thU 9Kc
7; d<ng U tGng 8Ki .hEn t-. 6H 6d th tGng tx 7 7/ng mang trMn nhiF+ t@i m?, th+.
T+, nhiMn th+-t ngO nH, th9:ng 9Kc 7; d<ng U biU+ thB tr+,=n d>n nhi=+ 85. ha,
nhi=+ 8+[ng nh9 8H mt .h9Zng tin U tGng tc 7 8i+ n mQc cec @i c/ thU
tr0ng mt AMnh ch0 tr95c. _d th MfMg ha, ghw. AMnh Ahng gian c/ thU nhdn nh-n
nh9 8H mt cng c< U cCi thin thng 89Kng cSa ng9:i 7; d<ng p+ c+i ging nh9
mt b Ah+,ch @i tc 7 8i+. _= bCn chPtV cCi thin thng 89Kng cSa ng9:i 7;
d<ng p+ c+i D mt mQc nhPt Bnh 7{ d>n n tGng thng 89Kng h thng.
"?c 7Z [ MfMg 9Kc thit A U Ahai th?c mt 7 th+c tWnh cSa mi tr9:ng
tr+,=n 7/ng 6 t+,n nhzm @t 9Kc c?c tc 7 8i+ ca0 bzng c?ch .h?t i nhi=+
8+[ng 7 8i+ 70ng 70ng. T+, nhiMn U @t 9Kc c?c tc 7 8i+ ca0 nh9 6-,V cpn
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 H
78D9:
Cm bC0 tx 7 tWn hi+ trMn nhiF+ ca0 t9Zng Qng t@i m?, th+. _d th ghw. AMnh Ahng
gian chS ,+ 9Kc ?. d<ng ch0 c?c nh hZn ha, 6cng gpn 65i nt hV nZi mH thng
th9:ng tx 7 tWn hi+ trMn nhiF+ ca0. Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. Ahng thU Cm bC0 tx 7 tWn
hi+ trMn nhiF+ S ca0V nhi=+ ant`n th+ mH Uk c/ nGng 8ec MfMg 9Kc trang bB c/ thU
9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 .hEn t-. th+ ch0 mt 8+[ng .h?t Zn. _d th mt Uk c/ nGng 8ec
MfMg 7{ Cm bC0 tc 7 8i+ ca0 hZn t@i biMn tr0ng c?c 85n 70 65i mt Uk
t9Zng Qng chs c/ mt ant`n.
H#2$ MfMg hl trK tr+,=n d>n hai 8+[ng. Mli 8+[ng 9Kc Y; 8^ 85. 6-t 8^
nh9 nha+ 1mL h/aV trCi .h) 6H i=+ ch ging nh9 tr9:ng hK. H#2$ mt 85.3. a+
mL h/aV trCi .h) 6H i=+ chV ti=n mL h/a t+,n tWnh 9Kc 7; d<ng tr95c Ahi 8+[ng 7
9Kc 7a. Y. 8Mn hai ant`n. "/ nhi=+ 8^ d0 ch0 6ic 7; d<ng b ti=n mL h/a nH,. Nga,
cC Ahi chs .h?t mt 8+[ngV n/ c~ng c/ 8Ki Ahi 7; d<ng .h?t .hEn t-. bzng hai ant`n
.h?t. _d th ti=n mL h/a tr0ng tr9:ng hK. mt 8+[ng c~ng ging nh9 .hEn t-. .h?t
6ung AWn ch 1. _= bCn chPtV c/ thU nhdn nh-n cP+ hdnh nH, nh9 mt d@ng t@0 b..
Ng0Hi raV *+? trdnh ti=n mL h/a cun c/ m<c Wch 8Hm mw0 tr95c tWn hi+ U Cm bC0
hai 8+[ng trec gia0 1ha, gpn trec gia03 t@i m?, th+. Ji=+ nH, ch0 .hw. giCm nhiF+
giOa hai 8+[ng 6H giCm nh *+? trdnh Y; 8^ cSa m?, th+.
_ic 9a MfMg 7{ Cnh h9Dng chS ,+ 8Mn *+? trdnh Y; 8^ 85. 6-t 8^V Cnh
h9Dng 8Mn 85. gia0 thQc 8H nh 6H c?c 85. trMn chS ,+ nhdn MfMg nh9 8H mt tc
7 8i+ ca0 hZn.
3.10.1.Truyn dn s Iiu HSDPA-MIMO
JU hl trK tr+,=n d>n hai 8+[ngV H]#"H 9Kc cCi tin U hl trK hai Ahi
tr+,=n tCi trMn mt TTf. Mli Ahi tr+,=n tCi thU hin mt 8+[ng. "%" 9Kc gan 6H0
tyng Ahi tr+,=n tCi 6H mli Ahi tr+,=n tCi 9Kc mL h/a riMng. X+? trdnh nH, 9Kc
minh ha trMn hdnh 3.33. _d hai Ahi tr+,=n tCi 9Kc 7; d<ng tr0ng tr9:ng hK. tr+,=n
d>n nhi=+ 8+[ngV H#2$]MfMg 8H mt 7Z [ nhi=+ ty mL 6H ch0 .hw. 7; d<ng m?,
th+ trit nhiF+ 8pn 89Kt tr0ng Uk.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 I
78D9:
Hnh 3.33: X I HS-DSCH trong trung hp truyn dn MIMO
v; 8^ 85. 6-t 8^ ch0 tyng 8+[ng h0Hn t0Hn ging nh9 ch0 tr9:ng hK. mt 8+[ng
Zn ch0 n .hpn trCi .h). JU tr?nh 8Lng .hW tHi ng+,Mn mL Bnh AMnhV ccng mt t-.
mL Bnh AMnh 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 hai 8+[ng. T@i m?, th+V hai 8+[ng 9Kc .hEn t?chV
chng h@n bzng b trit nhiF+.
TWn hi+ 7a+ trCi .h) ch0 mli 8+[ng c/ thU 9Kc c0i nh9 tWn hi+ trMn mt ant`n
C0. Tr95c Ahi cP. c?c tWn hi+ cSa c?c ant`n C0 nH, ch0 c?c ant`n 6-t 8^V ti=n mL h/a
t+,n tWnh 9Kc 7; d<ng nh9 trMn hdnh 3.34. Ji 65i mli 8+[ngV b ti=n mL h/a chs
Zn giCn 8H mt cb. trng 7. T+[ng i 9Kc nhEn 65i trng 7 .hQc n
im
tr95c Ahi cP.
ch0 ant`n 6-t 8^ m.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 =
78D9:
Hnh 3.34: iu ch, tri ph, ngu nhin ha v tin m ha cho MIMO
hai Iung
; d<ng ti=n mL h/a mang 8@i nhi=+ 8Ki WchV nhPt 8H tr0ng tr9:ng hK. tr+,=n d>n
8+[ng Zn. Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. nH, ti=n mL h/a c+ng cP. 8Ki .hEn t-. 6H 8Ki dHn
6d cC hai ant`n .h?t =+ 9Kc 7; d<ng 6H c?c trng 7 9Kc chn 7a0 ch0 tWn hi+ ty
hai ant`n cng nhPt *+?n t@i m?, th+. Kt *+C 8H tx 7 tWn hi+ trMn nhiF+ ca0 hZn 70
65i Ahi Ahng c/ ti=n mL h/aV nh: 6-, tGng 9Kc 6cng .hS i 65i mt 7 tc 7
8i+ ch0 tr95c. Ng0Hi raV n+ 7; d<ng riMng b Ah+,ch @i cng 7+Pt ch0 tyng ant`n
6-t 8^V ti=n mL h/a Cm bC0 7; d<ng cC hai b Ah+,ch @i tr0ng tr9:ng hK. tr+,=n
d>n Zn 8+[ng 9Kc chn ging nh9 c?c trng 7 9Kc 7; d<ng tr0ng %3 ch0 .hEn t-.
.h?t 6ung AWnj
'
+ +
2
3 1 1
V
2
3 1 1
V
2
3 1 1
V
2
3 1 1
2
1
1 V 2
1 V 1
C C C C
D
D
13.13
78D9:
Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. tr+,=n d>n hai 8+[ngV ti=n mL h/a c/ thU 9Kc 7; d<ng U hl
trK m?, th+ tr0ng *+? trdnh .hEn t?ch hai 8+[ng. N+ c?c trng 7 ch0 8+[ng 2 9Kc
chn 8H c?c 6`ctZ ìg`n 1trec gia03 cSa ma tr-n [ng .h9Zng 7ai t@i m?, th+V thd hai
8+[ng 7{ Ahng gE, nhiF+ 8>n nha+. _d thV 7a+ Ahi L chn Y0ng trng 7 ch0 8+[ng 1V
c?c trng 7 n
1V2
V n
2V2
9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 8+[ng 2 9Kc Y?c Bnh th`0 ,M+ cp+ Cm bC0
c?c ct cSa ma tr-n ti=n mL h/a trec gia0.
1
]
1
2 V 2 1 V 2
2 V 1 1 V 1
D D
D D
W
13.23
_d c/ thU YC, ra bn gi? trB ch0 n
2V1
nMn 7{ c/ thU c/ bn ma tr-n ti=n mL h/a !
Ah?c nha+. Thit 8-. c?c trng 7 .h< th+c 6H0 thec hin cSa nt hV nh9ng thng
th9:ng dea trMn chs thB i=+ AhiUn ti=n mL h/a 12"f3 .h?t .hCn h[i ty Uk.
JU giCi i=+ ch 7 8i+ th+V Uk .hCi 95c tWnh 9Kc c?c AMnh giOa tyng ant`n C0
cSa tr@m gc 6H tyng ant`n 6-t 8^ cSa Uk. _d th cpn 95c tWnh t)ng 7 bn AMnh. Mt
giCi .h?. 8H tr+,=n mt tWn hi+ h0a tiM+ ch+ng trMn tyng ant`n C0. T+, nhiMn i=+ nH,
7{ Ahng Cm bC0 t9Zng thWch ng9Kc 6d c?c Uk c0i rzng h0a tiM+ ch+ng 7Z cP. .hCi
9Kc .h?t ty ant`n 7Z cP.. Ng0Hi ra c~ng Ahng thU giCi i=+ ch ch0 c?c AMnh Ahng
.hCi MfMg 1c?c AMnh i=+ AhiUn chng h@n3 6d c?c AMnh nH, 9Kc .h?t Ahng 7;
d<ng ti=n mL h/a. _d th c?c AMnh h0a tiM+ ch+ng 9Kc .h?t Ahng 7; d<ng ti=n mL
h/a. _d th c?c AMnh h0a tiM+ ch+ng 9Kc .h?t ging nh9 tr9:ng hK. .hEn t-. .h?t.
TrMn mli ant`n 6-t 8^V mt h0a tiM+ ch+ng 9Kc .h?t. H0bc h0a tiM+ ch+ng 7Z cP. 9Kc
8-. cP+ hdnh trMn tyng ant`n 7; d<ng ccng mL Bnh AMnh 6H mL ng>+ nhiMn h/a trMn tPt
cC c?c ant`nV h0bc h0a tiM+ ch+ng 7Z cP. 9Kc 8-. cP+ hdnh trMn mt ant`n 6H h0a tiM+
ch+ng thQ cP. 9Kc 8-. cP+ hdnh trMn ant`n cun 8@i. Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. h0a tiM+ ch+ng
7Z cP. 9Kc 8-. cP+ hdnh trMn hai ant`nV c?c m>+ h0a tiM+ trec gia0 t9Zng hl 9Kc 7;
d<ng trMn c?c h0a tiM+ Ah?c nha+ 1tPt cC bzng Ahng ch0 ant`n thQ nhPt nh9 tr0ng
tr9:ng hK. mt ant`n 6H ch+li Ahng 6H mt ch0 ant`n 6-t 8^ thQ hai3. "C hai 7Z [
nH, =+ ch0 .hw. Uk 95c tWnh AMnh ty tyng ant`n .h?t 6-t 8^ n tyng ant`n th+. hit
9Kc ma tr-n ti=n mL h/a mH nt h 7; d<ngV Uk c/ thU t@0 ra mt 95c tWnh AMnh hi+
d<ng ty tyng ant`n C0 n tyng ant`n th+ 6-t 8^V nh9 8H W H
V tr0ng /j
1
1
]
1
2 V 2 1 V 2
2 V 1 1 V 1

+ +
+ +
H
13.33
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 <
78D9:
_H C i
+
V
8H 95c tWnh AMnh giOa ant`n 6-t 8^ i t@i tr@m gc 6H ant`n 6-t 8^ m t@i
Uk. _d th ma tr-n ti=n mL h/a 9Kc thng b?0 ch0 Uk trMn AMnh H]""H. Thng
b?0 t9:ng minh ma tr-n ti=n mL h/a Zn giCn h/a ?ng AU 6ic thec hin Uk 70 65i
95c tWnh c?c trng 7 nh9 tr9:ng hK. .hEn t-. .h?t 6ung AWn tr0ng %3.
3.10.2.iu khin tc cho HSDPA-MIMO
Ji=+ AhiUn tc ch0 tyng 8+[ng c~ng ging nh9 tr0ng tr9:ng hK. mt 8+[ng.
T+, nhiMn cZ ch i=+ AhiUn tc nH, c~ng cpn Y?c Bnh 7 8+[ng .h?t 6H ma tr-n
ti=n mL h/a 7{ 7; d<ng. _d th i 65i mli TTfV .hCi Y?c Bnh 7 8+[ng 7{ .h?tV AWch
th95c c?c Ahi tr+,=n tCi ch0 mli 8+[ngV 7 89Kng c?c mL Bnh AMnh 7Z [ i=+ ch 6H
ma tr-n ti=n mL h/a. Thng tin nH, 9Kc c+ng cP. ch0 Uk trMn AMnh H]""H ging
nh9 tr0ng tr9:ng hK. Ahng MfMg. _d b 8-. biU+ i=+ AhiUn AWch th95c c?c Ahi
tr+,=n tCi tr0ng tr9:ng hK. tr+,=n d>n a 9:ng tc 7 8i+ cSa hai 8+[ng c/ thU
9Kc i=+ AhiUn riMng r{.
Tr+,=n d>n a 8+[ng chs c/ 8Ki Ahi c?c ts 7 tWn hi+ trMn nhiF+ ca0 6H 6d th
n/ 7{ chs 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 c?c tc 7 8i+ ca0 nhPt. Ji 65i c?c tc 7 8i+
thP. hZnV cpn 7; d<ng tr+,=n d>n mt 8+[ng. Tr0ng tr9:ng hK. nH,V hai ant`n 6-t 8^
9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 .h?t .hEn t-. 6H chs c/ mt ant`n C0 mang thng tin 7 8i+ cSa
ng9:i 7; d<ng.
3.10.3.Cc kh nng ca UE h tr MIMO
JU ch0 .hw. nhi=+ 80@i thec hin Uk Ah?c nha+V hl trK MfMg Ahng bat b+c
ch0 tPt cC c?c Uk. Ng0Hi ra tr+,=n d>n a 8+[ng chs 8H mt cng c< U tGng c?c tc
7 8i+ snhV nMn MfMg chS ,+ chs 8iMn *+an n c?c 80@i Uk h@ng ca0. _d thV mt
Uk hl trK MfMg 8H Uk 80@i 4 h0bc 80@i 10. Mt Uk c< thU c/ nGng 8ec MfMg ha,
Ahng .hCi 9Kc thng b?0 D d@ng AhC nGng Uk. "hng h@n mt Uk 80@i 4 c/ thU 8Hm
6ic tr0ng ch MfMg tr0ng Ahi / Uk 80@i 10 c/ thU Ahng. N+ MfMg Ahng
9Kc 8-. cP+ hdnh tr0ng mt p+ c+i c/ nGng 8ec MfMgV thd h0@t ng cSa n/ ging
nh9 tr0ng %I.
3.11.ThP tSc 0B& 8%t 0A cPa HS=*+
GiC tht rzng L c/ mt ha, nhi=+ ng9:i 7; d<ng 9Kc 8-. cP+ hdnh 7; d<ng
AMnh H]#"H 6H 7 8i+ L n b m tr0ng nt hV thS t<c 8Hm 6ic 85. 6-t 8^
H#2$ ba0 g[m c?c b95c 7a+j
h 8-. biU+ tr0ng nt h ?nh gi? 12m7 mt 8pn3 ch0 tyng ng9:i 7; d<ng L c/
7 8i+ tr0ng b mj i=+ AhiUn AMnhV tr@ng th?i b mV th:i gian ty 8pn tr+,=n
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 <@
78D9:
d>n tr95cV c?c .h?t 8@i ch9a Y; 8^ TiM+ chW chWnh Y?c cSa b 8-. biU+ .h<c
th+c 6H0 thec hin bc thc nhH b?n m?, chQ Ahng 9Kc bc tC tr0ng 3G22.
a+ Ahi L Y?c BnhV p+ c+i 7{ 9Kc .h<c 6< tr0ng mt TTf c< thUV nt h Bnh
ngha c?c thng 7 cpn thit cSa H]#"H g[mj 7 89Kng c?c mLV AhC nGng 7;
d<ng 1IX$M 6H c?c *+i Bnh 6= AhC nGng cSa p+ c+i.
Jp+ c+i gi?m 7?t t-. bn AMnh H]""H. a+ Ahi p+ c+i giCi mL .hpn 1
cSa H]""H de Bnh ch0 n/V n/ bat p+ giCi mL .hpn cun 8@i cSa H]""H
nH, 6H nh5 m c?c mL cpn thit ch0 H]#"H.
a+ Ahi giCi mL c?c thng 7 H]""H ty .hpn 2V p+ c+i c/ thU Y?c Bnh
9Kc 7 8i+ th+c Y; 8^ H$%X nH0 6H c/ cpn At hK. chng 65i 7 8i+ L c/
tr0ng b m m=m ha, Ahng.
Tr0ng %IV ti=n t 9Kc .h?t tr0ng tr9:ng $"KqN$K n+ tWnh nGng nH, 9Kc
mang 8-. cP+ hdnh 16H Ahng c/ g/i tr0ng TTf tr95c3. _ic .h?t ti=n t .h<
th+c 6H0 giCi mL H]""H chQ Ahng .h< th+c 6H0 H]#"H.
a+ Ahi giCi mL 7 8i+ 9Kc At hK.V p+ c+i .h?t chs thB $"KqN$K trMn
9:ng 8Mn .h< th+c 6H0 At *+C "%" trMn 7 8i+ H]#"H 1n+ At *+C "%"
ngV $"K 9Kc .h?t3.
N+ m@ng ti. t<c .h?t 7 8i+ n ccng mt p+ c+i tr0ng nhi=+ TTf 8iMn ti.V
p+ c+i 7{ 6>n th+ ccng mt H]""H nh9 L 9Kc 7; d<ng tr0ng TTf tr95c.
Tr0ng %IV Ahi c?c 8+[ng 7 8i+ At thcV p+ c+i .h?t i mt h-+ t tr0ng
tr9:ng $"KqN$K n+ tWnh nGng nH, 9Kc tWch cec.
vwt ty ?. Qng p+ c+i i 65i tyng g/iV h0@t ng H#2$ 8H [ng b trMn
9:ng Y+ng. vwt ty .hWa m@ngV h0@t ng nH, 8H Ahng [ng b Ahi mt g/i ha, mt
.h?t 8@i ch0 8pn .h?t tr95c / 9Kc .h?t.
JBnh th:i h0@t ng p+ c+i giOa c?c 7e Ain Ah?c nha+ 9Kc bc tC chWnh Y?c
ty th:i iUm th+ H]""HV 7a+ / 8H giCi mL H]#"H 6H At thc bzng .h?t
$"KqN$K 8Mn 9:ng 8Mn. Nh9 minh ha trMn hdnh 3.3'V th:i gian .hCn Qng 8H &.' Ah`
ty 8c At thc H]#"H TTf n Ahi bat p+ .h?t $"KqN$K 8Mn 9:ng 8Mn.
Tr0ng %I 65i 7; d<ng ti=nqh-+ t Bnh th:i Ahng tha, )i nh9ng i 65i g/i
p+ tiMn Ah` $"KqN$K tr95c / 9Kc 7; d<ng ch0 ti=n t 1hdnh 3.3I3. Khi tr+,=n d>n
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 <5
78D9:
At thc 1p+ c+i Ahng .h?t hin H]""H3 h-+ t 9Kc .h?t tr0ng 6B trW mH bdnh
th9:ng $"KqN$K 9Kc .h?t.
Hnh 3.35: [nh thi u cui Iin quan n mt x I HARQ
Hnh 3.36: Hoat ng vi tin/hu t ca R6
3.12.=i ng 89 cKc th2 0(Ti UU
Kh?c 65i #"HV H#2$ Ahng 7; d<ng ch+,Un gia0 m=m. _d th tr0ng Ahi chs
c/ mt .h<c 6< ch0 H]#"HV thd #"H c/ mt t-. tWch cec g[m nhi=+ . Th`0 *+i
Bnh tr0ng %3 p+ c+i .hCi c/ AhC nGng Y; 8^ n I tr0ng t-. tWch cec. Khi 8Hm 6ic
tr0ng ch+,Un gia0 m=m 65i 7; d<ng H#2$V cpn tha, )i c?c 7e Ain 0 U nh-n
9Kc thng tin 6= tha, )i c9:ng t9Zng i tr0ng c?c cSa t-. tWch cec 1hdnh 3.3&3.
Thng tin nH, 1Ahi 6>n nzm tr0ng c;a 7) t-. tWch cec3 Ahng AhDi ng c?c hHnh ng
ch0 #"H nh9ng c/ thU AhDi ng 7e tha, )i .h<c 6< H]#"H ch0 h0@t ng cSa
H#2$.
#9Zng T0Hn Tr+ng ] #04 _T2 <1
78D9:
Hnh 3.37: Hoat ng HSDPA cng vi tp tch cc DCH gm ba
%N" i=+ AhiUn di ng cSa H#2$ 1tha, )i .h<c 6<3 thng *+a c?c thS t<c
b?0 hi+ ging nh9 i 65i c?c AMnh riMng. "Z 7D U thec hin di ng 8H ch+,Un gia0
d95i 7e i=+ AhiUn cSa m@ng 6H b?0 c?0 c?c At *+C 0 ty Uk. #ea trMn c?c At *+C 0
nH,V %N" 8-. 8@i cP+ hdnh Uk 6H c?c nt h tham gia 6H0 *+? trdnh tha, )i .h<c 6<.
Mt 7 cZ ch 0 9Kc bc tC nga, tr0ng .h?t hHnh p+ tiMn cSa !"#M$ 6H
9Kc 7; d<ng U c-. nh-t t-. tWch cecV ch+,Un gia0 cQng 6H d0 tr0ng ccng mt tpn 7.
ThW d<V Uk b?0 c?0 6= nh-n d@ng 7e Ain 0V tha, )i tt nhPtV mli Ahi c9:ng
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