2 23

2008-2009
( , 4-5)
01/02/09

1
:

GSM.

:
: .

P-GSM 900 (Primary GSM),

:
6 bit
26 bit
8,25 bit ( )
, 2 58 bit
270,833 kbps. :
()

bit. .
TDMA .

()

,
. TDMA ;

()

(
)

()

( dB)
. :
, ,
( mW),
() 2x10-9 W/Hz.

, (sensitivity level)
90 dBm , (handover).

()

(multiframe) [ ]
(common channels),
1


116000 bit.
.
() (B) Gaussian ,
GMSK.
:
1. TDMA : bit .
2. (2) TDMA
.
3.
4. P-GSM 900 MHz,
890 935 MHz ,
915 960 MHz .
5. 3.33 bit/sec/Hz
6. (sensitivity level):
, .
.
7. (Common Channels): (multiframe)
26 TDMA .
8. dBm, dBmW.
DECIBELS (dB) 1 (milliwatt) mW.

2
:
(. )
(. )
GSM.

:
: .

,
(handover). 32
Km, () ,
.
(BTSs)
( 2.1). BTSs.
, ,

BTS ,
:


= 10 log10X-4+C

(1)
:
=
( dBm)
X = BTS
C=


:
()

()
()
()

(BTS)1, (handover)
(BTS)2. ,
-110 dBm. , 4 Km
(BTS)1, -75 dBm.
(), (BTS)2
(handover)
, (BTS)2.
,
;

()
(), ( 2.2
) 2.1 (
2.1). ,
2.2, (
) ( ).

(BTS)1
xh
D

D-xh

(BTS)2

2.1:
3

BTS+BSC

MSC

2.2:

(/)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Clear
Call Release
Release Complete
Network Release
Release Complete
Call Disconnect
Channel Release

2.1:

1. C,

3
:
TCP/IP.

:
: , 5 - .

(transport layer) 1500 bits

160 bits (header). (internet protocol
layer), 160 bits.
4


,
24 bits. 800 bits.
bits, , (network
layer) ;

4
:
TCP/IP.

:
: , 5 - .

IP Datagram (fragmented).
()
RFC IP
Datagrams;
()
(option field) (header)
, ;
.

5
:

.

:
: , 5 - .

()
CIDR (Classless Inter Domain Routing).
()
VLSM (Variable Length Size Mask)
.

()
, .
10.1.0.0 /16

10.0.0.0 /8

10.2.0.0 /16

10.4.0.0 /16

10.3.0.0 /16

5.1:
1. 5.1
. ;
2. 10.1.0.0/16 255.255.255.0,
CIDR; ;
3. 10.2.0.0/16 /24 ;
4. 10.3.0.0/16 /28 ;
5. 10.4.0.0/16 /20 ;
6. ,
2-5.

1 ()






2 ()




3
4 ()


5 ()


1
2
3
4
5
6

24
4
4
4
4
4
4
20
5
5
5
5
10
10
5
5
36
3
3
5
5
5
5
5
5
100

10, .