Tutorial 4.

Forced Vibrations 1) A mass-damper-spring system has been observed to achieve a peak magnification factor Q=5, which is defined as the value of the amplitude ratio at the resonance Q = 1 /[ 2 ( 1 2 )] .If the driving frequency is 10rad/s, determine: a) the damping ratio b) the frequencies corresponding to the halfpower points c) the bandwidth 2) A left end of the cantilever beam undergoes the harmonic motion x(t)=Acos(t). Derive the differential equation for the motion for the mass M and determine the resonance frequency.

3) The system shown below simulates a vehicle travelling on a rough road. Let the vehicle velocity be uniform v-constant, and calculate the response z(t) of the vehicle.

4) A machine of mass 200 kg is supported on flexible mounts which deflect 1.5 mm under the weight of the machine. The machine contains parts of mass 0.5 kg which reciprocate vertically with SHM on a 50 mm stroke. The damping due to the mounts is 20% of critical. Determine the maximum possible vibration amplitude of the machine and the corresponding frequency of the reciprocating parts. (0.159 mm, 13.4 Hz)

5) A cantilever shaft 15 mm dia. and 120 mm long supports a rotor of mass 3 kg. If the maximum stress in the shaft is limited to 35 N/mm2 determine the maximum tolerable mass unbalance (gm-mm) of the rotor and the shaft speed for maximum stress. The shaft axis is vertical. E = 2 x 105 N/mm2 and damping is 1% of critical. (6.72, 5121.4 rev/min) 6) The figure shows a swinging field torque meter. The yoke has mass 30 kg and a radius of gyration about its centre of 250 mm. The springs are such that the yoke deflects 1o under a torque of 500 Nm. The dampers give a logarithmic decrement of 1. Determine s and k (89525 N/m, 229.9 Nsec/m)
0.4 m 0.4 m

k Nsec/m

k Nsec/m

s N/m

s N/m

The machine produces a torque with a harmonic component at twice running speed of amplitude 15% of the machine torque. Determine the maximum vibration amplitude of the torque meter as a percentage of mean deflection and the corresponding running speed. (48.2%, 573 rev/min) 7) Express the equations of motion of the following system in an appropriate standard form i.e. in the form 2 + 2 n x + n x x = A 2 sin t (or B sin t ) Determining , n and A or B ( =79.06 rad/sec, =0.158, A=0.7510-5)
x 5 gm cm unbalance

180mm
50 kN/m rotary damper

40mm

500 mm

240mm

Mass moment of inertia about axle = 2 kgm2. Rotary damper rate = 2 Nmsec/rad