NOISE & VIBRATIONS

13-1

13-2

13-3

13-4

13-5

13-6

13-7

13-8

13-9

13-10

(Introduction)
(Definitions)
(Sound levels)
(Noise criterion curves)
(Sound level meters)
(Noise sources)
(Fan noise level)
(Factor affecting on noise level)
(Noise and vibration reduction methods)
(Problems)

183



NOISE & VIBRATIONS
13-1 )(Introduction

.
) (Frequency 15 ) (HZ 20 ).(KHZ
.
.


.
.
.
13-2 )(Definitions
) :(Vibration .
) :(Sound .
) :(Noise .
) :(Sound power
.
) :(Sound intensity
.
) :(Sound pressure
.
) :(Decibel X Y
:
(db = 10 log10 (X/Y
13-3 )(Sound levels

) (w/m2 12-10 ) (2w/m2 10 .

).(db
:
)(LW = 10 log10 (Ws/WR
(db
:
WS .

184

 WR )(2W-10
.
:
)(LI = 10 log 10 (IS/IR
(db
:
IS
2 2 IR )(W/m 10
) (r
:
I = W/4 r2

:
(Lp = 10 log-10 (PS/PR)2

(db

:
PS
PR )(210-5 N/m2
) (r
.
) (1-13 .
)(1-13

)(W

)
(db

10
1
0.1
10-3
10-9

160
140
120
80
60
40
20

13-4 )(Noise criterion curves

) (1-13
) (NC
) (Octave band spectra
) (Lp ) (Frequency )Noise
(criteria ).(1-13

185

 ) (2-13
)(2-13
)(db

20-25

25-30

30-40

35-45

40-65

) (NC 30
50 .
13-5 )(Sound level meters

) (db ) A) db
.
13-6 )(Noise sources

:
:

.
:


.

186

 :

.
:

.
:
.


.
13-7 )(Fan noise level
.
.
:
LW = 40+10 log10 Q+20 log10 PS
LW = 11.5 + 10 log10 P

:
Q )(m3/S
PS )(N/m2
P )(W
13-8 )(Factors affecting on noise level
:
)(Noise source

.


.

) (3-13
.

187

 )(3-13

)(db

2-4

5-9

10

)(db

)(Noise carrier

.
)(Noise reflection & absorption
.
0.01 0.05

%20 %80
.
.
)(Sound attenuation

.

.
25 .
).(4-13
)(4-13

% 10
20%
30%
50%

db/m 0.1

0.05
0.01
db 1

2
3
db 10

7
5
3

:
1 )(.
2 )(.

188

3 .
4 ) (2+1 ) (3 .
5 .
6 ) (5 ) (4 .
7 )(.
8 ) (6 ) (7 ) (6 )(7

.
13-9
)(Noise and vibration reduction methods
.
:
.
. ) (5-13
.
)(5-13
)
(m/s

1.75 2.5

2.5 4

4 5

5 7.5

.
.

.

.
) (2-13 .
)(2-13

189


.

) (Sail cloth ).(3-13
.


.
)(4-13
) (4-13 . )(

. )( ) (Spring
.
13-10 )(Problems
1 :
).(nw 1
).(MW 10
2 db A NC .
3 db 52 49
.db
4 ) (Octave band HZ 125
db 75
:
c- 85 db

b 80 db,

a 77 db,

.
5 LP
.
.
6 25 0.55
95 0.12
.75db
3
)(5-13

190

7 ) (5-13 44db
.db 40
.
db 8

8

.db 78
:
1:4

9 .
:

72 db

17 db

51 db

10 db

40 db

10 ) (6-13
d P 0.15 .db 3
)(6-13

11 100 .
3

12 )(6-13
6 . 15
.
)(6-13

)(HZ

)(db

31
63

72
75

191

68
61
50
47
40
30
22

125
250
500
1000
2000
4000
8000

NC = 30
NC = 30 . db 10
.

192