P N THANG IM

THI TUYN SINH I HC NM 2010

Mn: TON; Khi B
(p n - thang im gm 04 trang)

B GIO DC V O TO

CHNH THC

P N THANG IM
Cu
I
(2,0 im)

p n

im

1. (1,0 im)
Tp xc nh: R \ {1}.
S bin thin:
- Chiu bin thin: y ' =

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1
> 0, x 1.
( x + 1)2

Hm s ng bin trn cc khong ( ; 1) v (1; + ).

- Gii hn v tim cn:

lim y = lim y = 2 ; tim cn ngang: y = 2.

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x +

lim y = + v

x ( 1)

lim y = ; tim cn ng: x = 1.

x ( 1) +

- Bng bin thin:

x

1
+

y'

+
+

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2
th:

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1
1

2. (1,0 im)
2x + 1
= 2x + m
x +1
2x + 1 = (x + 1)(2x + m) (do x = 1 khng l nghim phng trnh)

Phng trnh honh giao im:

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2x2 + (4 m)x + 1 m = 0 (1).

= m2 + 8 > 0 vi mi m, suy ra ng thng y = 2x + m lun ct th (C) ti hai im
phn bit A, B vi mi m.

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Gi A(x1; y1) v B(x2; y2), trong x1 v x2 l cc nghim ca (1); y1 = 2x1 + m v y2 = 2x2 + m.

Ta c: d(O, AB) =
SOAB =

| m|
v AB =
5

( x1 x2 ) + ( y1 y2 ) = 5 ( x1 + x2 ) 20 x1 x2 =
2

1
| m | m2 + 8
| m | m2 + 8
AB. d(O, AB) =
, suy ra:
=
2
4
4

Trang 1/4

3 m = 2.

5(m 2 + 8)
.
2

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Cu
II
(2,0 im)

p n

im

1. (1,0 im)
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi: 2sin x cos 2 x sin x + cos 2 x cos x + 2cos 2 x = 0

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cos 2 x sin x + (cos x + 2) cos 2 x = 0 (sin x + cos x + 2) cos 2 x = 0 (1).

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Do phng trnh sin x + cos x + 2 = 0 v nghim, nn:

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(1) cos 2 x = 0 x =

+k

(k Z).

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2. (1,0 im)
iu kin:

1
x 6.
3

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Phng trnh cho tng ng vi: ( 3 x + 1 4) + (1 6 x ) + 3 x 2 14 x 5 = 0

3( x 5)

3x + 1 + 4

x5

6 x +1
3

x = 5 hoc
3

3x + 1 + 4

III

I =

1
6 x +1

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+ 3x + 1 = 0 .

1
+ 3 x + 1 > 0 x ; 6 , do phng trnh cho c nghim: x = 5.
6 x +1
3

t2
dt =
t2

1
dx ; x = 1 t = 2; x = e t = 3.
x
3

3
2

2
t

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2

1
3
+ ln .
3
2

A'

C'

(1,0 im)

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Th tch khi lng tr.

Gi D l trung im BC, ta c:

G
C

H
D
G
E

H
I

Ta c: GH =

3a
a2 3
Ta c: AA ' = AD.tan n
ADA ' =
; SABC =
.
2
4
3a3 3
.
Do : VABC . A ' B ' C ' = S ABC . AA ' =
8

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Bn knh mt cu ngoi tip t din GABC.

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ADA ' = 60D .

BC AD BC A ' D, suy ra: n

B'

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1
1
dt 2 2 dt .
t
2 t

= ln t

IV

+ ( x 5)(3x + 1) = 0

t t = 2 + ln x , ta c dt =

(1,0 im)

3x + 1 + 4

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Gi H l trng tm tam gic ABC, suy ra:

GH // A ' A GH (ABC).
Gi I l tm mt cu ngoi tip t din GABC, ta c I l giao
im ca GH vi trung trc ca AG trong mt phng (AGH).
Gi E l trung im AG, ta c: R = GI =

GE.GA
GA2
=
.
GH
2 GH

AA ' a
7a
a 3
7a 2
7a 2 2
= ; AH =
; GA2 = GH2 + AH2 =
. Do : R =
. =
.
3
12
2
3
12
2.12 a

Trang 2/4

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Cu
V
(1,0 im)

p n

im

Ta c: M (ab + bc + ca)2 + 3(ab + bc + ca) + 2 1 2(ab + bc + ca ) .

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(a + b + c) 2 1
= .
3
3
1
2

Xt hm f (t ) = t 2 + 3t + 2 1 2t trn 0; , ta c: f '(t ) = 2t + 3
;
1 2t
2
2
0, du bng ch xy ra ti t = 0; suy ra f '(t ) nghch bin.
f ''(t ) = 2
(1 2t )3

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t t = ab + bc + ca, ta c: 0 t

1 11
1
Xt trn on 0; ta c: f '(t ) f ' =
2 3 > 0 , suy ra f(t) ng bin.
3
3
3
1
Do : f(t) f(0) = 2 t 0; .
3
1
V th: M f(t) 2 t 0; ; M = 2, khi: ab = bc = ca, ab + bc + ca = 0 v a + b + c = 1
3
(a; b; c) l mt trong cc b s: (1; 0; 0), (0; 1; 0), (0; 0; 1).
Do gi tr nh nht ca M l 2.

VI.a
(2,0 im)

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1. (1,0 im)
Gi D l im i xng ca C( 4; 1) qua d: x + y 5 = 0, suy ra ta D(x; y) tha mn:
D
( x + 4) ( y 1) = 0

d
D(4; 9).
x 4 y +1
B
2 + 2 5 = 0
A

im A thuc ng trn ng knh CD, nn ta A(x; y)

x + y 5 = 0
vi x > 0, suy ra A(4; 1).
tha mn: 2
2
x + ( y 5) = 32

2S ABC
= 6.
AC
B thuc ng thng AD: x = 4, suy ra ta B(4; y) tha mn: (y 1)2 = 36
B(4; 7) hoc B(4; 5).
JJJG
JJJG
Do d l phn gic trong ca gc A, nn AB v AD cng hng, suy ra B(4; 7).
Do , ng thng BC c phng trnh: 3x 4y + 16 = 0.

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AC = 8 AB =

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2. (1,0 im)
Mt phng (ABC) c phng trnh:

x y z
+ + = 1.
1 b c

Mt phng (ABC) vung gc vi mt phng (P): y z + 1 = 0, suy ra:

Ta c: d(O, (ABC)) =

1
1+

1
1
+
b2 c2

T (1) v (2), do b, c > 0 suy ra b = c =

VII.a
(1,0 im)

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1
1
= 0 (1).
b
c

1
1
1
2 + 2 = 8 (2).
3
b
c

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1
.
2

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Biu din s phc z = x + yi bi im M(x; y) trong mt phng ta Oxy, ta c:

| z i | = | (1 + i)z | | x + (y 1)i | = | (x y) + (x + y)i |

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x2 + (y 1)2 = (x y)2 + (x + y)2

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x2 + y2 + 2y 1 = 0.

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2

Tp hp im M biu din cc s phc z l ng trn c phng trnh: x + (y + 1) = 2.

Trang 3/4

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Cu
VI.b

p n

im

1. (1,0 im)

(2,0 im)

M
F1

Nhn thy: F1(1; 0) v F2(1; 0).

ng thng AF1 c phng trnh:

x +1
y
=
.
3
3

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M l giao im c tung dng ca AF1 vi (E), suy ra:

F2
O

2 3
2 3
M = 1;
.
MA = MF2 =
3
3

Do N l im i xng ca F2 qua M nn MF2 = MN, suy ra: MA = MF2 = MN.

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Do ng trn (T) ngoi tip tam gic ANF2 l ng trn tm M, bn knh MF2.
2

2 3
4
Phng trnh (T): ( x 1) + y
= .
3
3

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2. (1,0 im)
G
ng thng i qua im A(0; 1; 0) v c vect ch phng v = (2; 1; 2).
JJJJG
Do M thuc trc honh, nn M c ta (t; 0; 0), suy ra: AM = (t; 1; 0)
G JJJJG
v, AM = (2; 2t; t 2)
G JJJJG
v, AM
5t 2 + 4t + 8

d(M, ) =
=
.
G
3
v

Ta c: d(M, ) = OM

5t 2 + 4t + 8
=|t|
3

t2 t 2 = 0 t = 1 hoc t = 2.
Suy ra: M(1; 0; 0) hoc M(2; 0; 0).
VII.b
(1,0 im)

1
, phng trnh th nht ca h cho ta: 3y 1 = 2x.
3
3 y 1 = 2 x
3 y 1 = 2 x
Do , h cho tng ng vi:

2
2
2
6 y 3 y = 0
(3 y 1) + 3 y 1 = 3 y
x 1
2 = 2

y = 1

2
x
=

1
y = 2 .
------------- Ht -------------

iu kin y >

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