Subnet mask v cch chia

ng vo ngy 20 Thang Mi 2010 !c 0"#$" b%i &uy 'hnh M(c# )T ** Tags# T+,-), ./nh u0n 11123

4 bi +5u t6!c ), ta 78 bi9t s :ua v; khi ni<m v c5u t6!c c=a ),v$> .i ny m/nh s? t6/nh by 6@ v; cch chia Subnetmask Subnet g/A# BiCu 7n giDn vEy> 'hi ta chia mFt GetHo6k 6a thnh nhi;u GetHo6k nhI hn th/ cc GetHo6k nhI ny 7Jc gKi Subnet> V sao cn phi chia Subnet mask? Gh ta 78 bi9t mLng )nte6net sM N(ng 7Oa chP ),v$ Q2 bit v RhSn chia 6a cc TR UV.V+V& V tuy nhiWnV vTi mFt h< thXng 7Oa chP nh v0y vi<c :uDn Y vZn 65t kh[ khn > G9u nh mFt mLng 7Jc c5R mFt 7Oa chP TR U th/ c[ ngh\a n[ c[ thC ch]a tTi 1^_1>0$`>2a^ 7Oa chP 1 my tbnh 3 >cTi sX Jng my tbnh Tn nh v0y 65t bt cdng ty hoec tf ch]c Ngng h9t 7Jc 7i;u 7[ gSy 8ng Rhb 7Oa chP ),> C t6nh t/nh t6Lng 7[ cc nh nghiWn c]u 7a 6a mFt Rhng RhR sM N(ng met nL mLng con 1 Subnet mask 3 7C RhSn chia mLng 6a thnh nhhng mLng con gKi Subnet> Subnet mask mFt con sX Q2 bit bao gim n bit 1 1 thjng cc bit cao nh5t 3 Ngng 7C 7nh 7Oa chP mLng con v m bit 0 Ngng 7C 7nh 7Oa chP my t6ong mLng con vTi nkmlQ2 > Subnet mask RhDi 7Jc c5u h/nh cho mmi my tbnh t6ong mLng v RhDi 7Jc 7Onh ngh\a cho mmi giao Ni<n noute6> Gh v0yV ta RhDi Ngng cgng mFt Subnet mask cho ton bF mLng v0t Y cgng chung mFt 7Oa chP )nte6net> T6ong thoc t9V 7C Np Nng cho hoLt 7Fng :uDn Y cc my t6ong mLngV thjng chia nhI cc mLng Tn t6ong cc TR mLng 1UV .V +3 thnh cc mLng nhI hn> qu t6/nh ny 7Jc thoc hi<n brng cch 5y mFt sX bit % RhEn 7Onh Nanh host 7C sM N(ng cho vi<c 7nh 7Oa chP mLng> Tus theo cch sM N(ng c=a ngji :uDn t6O mLng 1 sX subnet v sX host t6Wn mmi subnet 3 m sX Jng bit 5y % RhEn host nhi;u hay bt> C tch bi<t giha 7Oa chP mLng v 7Oa chP host ngji ta Ngng netmask> C tch bi<t giha Subnet aNN6ess v 7Oa chP host ngji ta Ngng Subnet mask> Theo :uy TcV cc 7Oa chP ), 7Jc chia 6a m ba TR nh sau# + ass Subnet mask t6ong NLng nhO RhSn Subnet mask tTR U 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 222>0>0>0 tTR . 11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000 222>222>0>0 tTR + 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 222>222>222>0 Gh ta 78 bi9tV TR U sM N(ng 1 octet 7Eu tiWn m GetHo6k )&> SM N(ng ` bit 7Eu 7Jc set gi t6O thnh 1V v 2$ bit sau set gi t6O 0 lu c[ Subnet Mask 222>0>0>0> Tng to vTi cc TR kia> cb N( ),# 1"2>1^`>1>0v2$ Sy 7Oa chP thuFc TR +> c con sX 2$ c[ ngh\a ta sM N(ng 2$ bit cho RhEn GetHo6k )&V v cwn Li ` bit cho Bost )&> Chia Subnet Mask nh th no? 4 7SyV m/nh s? t6/nh by cch ngxn gKn gi!R bLn c[ thC tbnh nhym 7Jc> t5y vb N( c( thC nh sau# +dng ty thuW mFt 7jng ), 1"2>1^`>1>0> .Sy gij dng gim 7Xc yWu cEu RhSn m chia m Q mLng con cho ba Rhwng ban t6ong cdng ty> B8y thoc hi<n vi<c chia subnet ny> T6Tc h9t ta RhSn tbch c5u t6!c c=a 7Oa chP# 1"2>1^`>1>0 nh sau# k Oa chP GetMask# 222>222>222>0 k GetHo6k )&# 11111111>11111111>11111111 k Bost)&# 00000000 T6ong vb N( ny ta cEn chia m Q mLng con 1Q subnet3 nWn ta cEn sM N(ng 2 bit % RhEn Bost )& 7C thWm vo GetHo6k )&> tm sao 7C bi9t 7Jc sX bit cEn mJn thWmA Ta c[ cdng th]c # 2^n>=m 1vTi m sX mLng con cEn chiaV n sX bit cEn mJn3> 4 7Sy 2z2ulQ> Sau khi mJn 2 bitV ta c[ c5u t6!c mTi % NLng nhO RhSn 1bit mJn ta set gi t6O brng 1 nh{3# k Oa chP GetMask## 11111111>11111111>11111111>11000000 k GetHo6k )&# 11111111>11111111>11111111>11 k Bost )&# 000000 lu 4 NLng th0R RhSn # 222>222>222>1"2 Oa chP ), mTi !c ny # 1"2>1^`>1>0v2^ 1con sX 2^ 2$ k 2 bits mJn3> Ta |c 7Onh }bTc nhDy} cho cc subnet# .Tc nhDy kl22^-1"2l6 lu Ta c[ cc mLng con sau# )R# 1"2>1^`>1>! Getmask# 222>222>222>1"2 )R# 1"2>1^`>1>6 Getmask# 222>222>222>1"2 )R# 1"2>1^`>1>"2# Getmask# 222>222>222>1"2 )R# 1"2>1^`>1>"$2 Getmask# 222>222>222>1"2 %h &'( s) m*( t+,n m-i m.n/ b0n/ bao nhi,u? SX bits c=a Bost )& cwn Li sau khi 78 bO GetHo6k )& mJn# 1 = 22326 = 6 lu SX my t6Wn mmi mLng# 2^n32 = 2^632 = 62 my