)(

2011 / 1 / 26 :
:
: / .


:
z
)( x, y = 2b y :
y

z
= 2a x,
x

4xyz = 2x 2 yp + 2xy 2 q + pq

x
y
pq
p+ q+
2
2
4xy

=z

.
x

)( (u, v) = 0 y :

=v

x, y
- 3z 1
- x
(
+
)+
( ) =0
4
3
u y

v
y
y2

,
u

and

p
1
(
)+
( ) =0
3
u y
v y

=0

1
y

p
y3

-x
y2

- 3z 1
+
y 4 y3

. x p 3z + y = 0
:
(
) (1

p x 2 = q + y2

p x 2 = a p = x 2 + a and q + y 2 = a q = a y 2

dz = pdx + qdy = (x 2 + a)dx + (a y 2 )dy

z = (1/3)x 3 + ax + (ay (1/3)y3 ) + b

z
,
y3

=u

dx dy dz
=
=
2
3
1

) (2

dx dy
=
) (1
2
3
dx dz
=
) (1
2
1

)(1

u = 3x 2y = a

v = x 2z = b

( 3x 2y, x 2z) = 0

(u, v) = 0

(D 2 2DD'+D'2 )z = 0

m 2 2m +1 = 0

=1

m1 =1,

)z = xF (y + x) + F (y + x
1
1
2

) ( :
F(1,1) = 0

a =1, b =1,

x2
tan(y + x).
2

= )tan(y + x

)f(x, y) = tan(y + x
1
(D D' ) 2

x2
z = z + z = xF (y + x) + F (y + x) +
)tan(y + x
1
2
1
2
2

:
)(
)(1

F(x, y, z, p, q) = 2xz px 2 2qxy + pq = 0

F
F
= x 2 + q,
= p 2xy,
p
q
F
F
p
q
= p(x 2 + q) q(p 2xy) = 2qxy + px 2 2pq,
p
q
F
F
F
= 2z 2px 2qy,
= 2qx,
= 2x,
x
y
z
F
F
F
F
+ p = 2z 2px 2qy + 2px = 2z 2qy,
+ q = 2qx + 2qx = 0
x
z
y
z

dy
dp
dq df
dx
dz
=
=
=
=
=
0
x 2 q 2xy q 2 2qxy + px 2 2pq 2z 2qy 0

 q = constant = a

(2
) (1

)2x(z ay
x 2 a

=p

)(3

dz ady 2xdx
=
z ay
x2 a

)2x(z ay
dx + ady
2
x a

)z = ay + b(x 2 a

= dz

)(4

.a, b

z 2
= x a = 0 a = x 2
b

z
= y b = 0 b = y,
a

) (4 . z = x 2 y
)(
m 2 + 2m 2 + 1 = 0

m = m = 1
1
2

(m +1) 2 = 0

)z = F (y x) + xF (y x
1
2

:
P(x) =1 x = 0

1
Lim
= 1
x0 1

2x
Lim
= 0,
x0 1

y(x) = a n x n
n =0

y(x) = n(n 1)a n x n 2

n =2

y(x) = na n x n 1,
n =1

) y(x ) (1

n(n 1)a n x n 2 + 2x na n x n 1 a n x n = 0
n =2
n =1
n =0

n
n
n
(n + 2)(n + 1)a n +2 x + 2 na n x a n x = 0
n =0
n =0
n =0

 x n

= (1 2n)a n

n +2

(n + 2)(n +1)a

)(1 2n
a
(n + 2)(n + 1) n

+ 2na n a n = 0

n +2

n +2

(n + 2)(n +1)a

n = 0,2,4,...
1
a = a
!2 2

n = 0

n = 2

3
3
= a
= a
a
4 4 3 2 4!

n = 4

7
21
= a
a = a
6 6 5 4 6!

...
1
1
= a
= a
a
3 3 2 1 3! 1

n = 1

n = 3

5
5
= a
a = a
5 5 4 3 5! 1

n = 5

9
45
= a
= a
a
7 76 5
7! 1

...

1 2 3 4 21 6
1
5
45

x x + x + a x x 3 + x 5 + .
1
!2
!4
!6
!3
!5
!7

Dr. Ahmed mostafa megahed

y(x) = a 1 +