Trng THCS Ng My

H v tn : THI KHO ST LN II NM HC !"## $ !"#!

L%&: Mn:TI'N( )NH * K+,- :.
T+- g-/n 01 2-: 45. pht (Khng k thi gian pht )
MARKS: TEACHERS REMARKS:
................................................................................................................
!. Ch"n #$% t&' (i th)#h h*p in +,- #h. t&/ng.(012)
1/Your stamps are different.hers. ( to / of / from / as )
2/Ho Chi Minh Youth Union was founded.March 26
th
1!"1. (on / up / in / at)
"/.#ou carr# this $a% for me & ' (ure ( Ma#/ shou)d / Cou)d / (ha)) )
*/ +ast ni%ht , watched the mo-ie .romeo a$d /u)iet0.1t )ast the# 2i))ed..(m#se)f/ herse)f/ ourse)-es/
them-e)-es )
3 . M# mother as2ed me ................. some food. (to $u# / $u# / $u#s / $u#in%)
6. 4he cit# is %ettin% ................ ( more $us# / $usier / the $usiest / $us# )
!!. 32ing th4 #-&&4#t 5-&1 -5 th4 +4&62.(012)
1/ (he en5o#s.......................(te))) 5o2es.
2/ (he as2ed me.....................(ta2e) these ca2es to her house.
"/ He ......................()i-e) in Hue cit# for fifteen #ears.
*/ You ou%ht to (stop).p)a#in% computer %ames.
3/ 6a is not o)d enou%h (dri-e) a motor$i2e.
6/ Cou)d #ou ( do) .............. me a fa-or &
III3 4 567n v8n v tr9 0- 4: +;- .(2ms)
, am +an. ,7)) te)) #ou a$out the interestin% acti-ities ,7m %oin% to do. 4he Y 8 Y is ha-in% a p)an to he)p
the communit#. (o , and m# c)assmates wi)) participate in its rec#c)in% pro%ram. 6# 5oinin% in this pro%ram we
wi)) co))ect %)ass used paper and empt# cans. 4hen we wi)) send them for rec#c)in%. 9e hope we can sa-e
natura) resources and raise some mone# for the schoo) Y 8 Y in these acti-ities. 9e a)so thin2 a$out
participatin% in either p)antin% trees and f)owers or he)pin% the street chi)dren. ,t is rea))# interestin% isn:t it&
1. 9hat is the Y 8 Y p)annin% to do& ..................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................
2. 9hat do the# co))ect&........................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................
". Can the# he)p sa-e the natura) resauces& ..........................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................
*. ;oes she thin2 a$out he)pin% the street chi)dren& ...................................................................
I<3 K+6/n+ tr=n 0>- ?/- tr6ng 4@4 &+An g+74+ 4+n ?/::
1< M# mother dis)i2es %o to the mar2et.
1 6 C ;
2< , 2now #ou wor2ed rea))# hard)# this semester. .
1 6 C ;
"< +an )i2es )earnin% =n%)ish. (he a)wa#s wants impro-e her =n%)ish. ..
1 6 C ;
*< M# father used to smo2in% a )ot of ci%arettes when he was #oun%. .
1 6 C ;
I3 C+n tB 5Cng 5-Dn v6 4+> tr,ng +6n t+n+ 4@4 4: ?/::E!1?F
1. 9e )i-e..............4ran phu street. ( on / at / in / to )
!. 9hat are......................& 4he# are chairs.( this /that / it / these )
".>huon% and ?am .................................. ten #ears o)d. (is/ am / are/ $e)
*.4hat is m# father. ............................. is thirt# nine #ears o)d.((he/ He/ , / You)
3. .......................... penci)s are there& .(How man# / How o)d / 9hat / How)
6. ,s the des2 .. & ?o it:s sma)) . ( ta)) / $i% / $eautifu) / sma)) )
@.9hen ................... he ha-e histor#& (do / does/ don:t / are)
A c)ass is she in & (he is in c)ass 61 . ( 9hat time / 9here / 9hich / How )
!!!. N,- # 4: +;- G 4Ht ) v%- # 4: tr9 0- t+I4+ +J& G 4Ht K:E#1F
) An274&2 K
1. 9ho is this&
2. 9hat is this&
". 1re there an# ru)ers in #our $a%&
*. 9hat time do #ou %o to schoo)&
1 BBBB
2 BBBB
" BBBB
* BBBB
1. 1t ha)f past siC
6. Yes there are
C. ,t7s a ru)er
;. ,t7s m# teacher
,,. Dhoanh trEn )Fi sai tron% cGc phHn %hIch chJn sau:(1m)
1. 4here is a eraser on the ta$)e.
1 6 C ;
2. M# house is near to a restaurant.
1 6 C ;
<3 C+6 L7ng 5Cng 4M/ 5Hng tB tr6ng ng6N4:E!1?F
1. 4he# (not )isten).to the radio now. 4he# (read).........$oo2s.
2. 9e ($e)..students.
". He ( ha-e ) ......................... )unch at home .
*. 4here is an intersection. You must (s)ow) .................. down.
III3 4 567n v8n v tr9 0- 4: +;-:("ms)
M# name is ?a . , am twe)-e #ears o)d. , am a student. , am in %rade 6 c)ass 6a., )i-e in a house in
the countr#. =-er#da# (he %oes to schoo) $# $i2e. 4here are not an# stores here. ?ear m# house there is
a ri-er a rice padd# and a sma)) schoo) . to the )eft of the house there is awe)). 4o the ri%ht of the
house there are f)owers. ,n front of the house there is a #ard . 6ehind the house there are ta)) trees. ,t is
-er# Kuiet here.
)n?OPr t+P Q:P?t-6n?:
1. 9hat is her name &....................................................................................
6. ;oes she )i-e in a house &
C. 9hich %rade is she in &
;. How does she %o to schoo)&......................................................................
=. 9hat are there $ehind her house &.............................................................
L. ,s there a we)) to the ri%ht of the house &
<. SR& ST& 4@4 tB gJ- U ?/: t+n+ 4: 4V ng+W/:(2ms)
1. students / c)ass / man# / in / there / #our / how / are &
.............................................................................................................................
2. do/ does/mother/ what/ #our&
.............................................................................................................................
". c)asses/ she/ time/ what/ha-e/ =n%)ish& does&
.............................................................................................................................
*. )istens / to/ +an/ e-er#mornin%/ music.
.............................................................................................................................
Trng THCS Ng My
H v tn : KIXM TY) CHZT L[\N( K] I NM HC !"## $ !"#!
L%&: Mn:TI'N( )NH * K+,- :.
T+- g-/n 01 2-: 45. pht (Khng k thi gian pht )
MARKS: TEACHERS REMARKS:
................................................................................................................
!. 8i(( in 4a#h 6(ank -5 th4 5-((-7ing pa22ag4 7ith a 2%ita6(4 7-&9 5&-1 th4 6-:.(;<5pF
su$5ects =n%)ish Kuestion newspapers usefu)
+earnin% another )an%ua%eM +earnin% =n%)ishM 9h# do peop)e )earn =n%)ish& ,t is not difficu)t to answer that (1)
.. . Man# $o#s and %ir)s )earn =n%)ish at schoo) $ecause it is one of their (2)
. .
Man# adu)ts )earn =n%)ish $ecause it is (") for their wor2. 4eena%ers often )earn =n%)ish for
their hi%her studies $ecause some of their $oo2s are in (*) at the co))e%e or uni-ersit#.
Nther peop)e )earn =n%)ish $ecause the# want to read (3) or ma%aOines in =n%)ish.
,,.
1. Tom is going to . . . . . . . . . . . in the game. (participated /participating /participates /participate)
2.Run . . . . . . .. . . and youll catch the ball. (fastly / soft / fast / good )
3.The James is . . . . . . . . . . . . camping net !ee". ( gone / goes / go / going )
* You to finish #our wor2 ear)# . ( wi)) / must / ou%ht / can)
3. , ha-e 2nown her ............. three #ears . ( since / for / at / in )
6. M# sister is ................................. than ,.($eautifu)/more $eautifu)/the most $eautifu)/$eautifu))er)
@. Pietnamese )an%ua%e is different ....................... =n%)ish )an%ua%e .( as/)i2e / from /with )
A Co))ectin% o)d coins .m# sister:s ho$$# . ( wi)) $e / are / is / $ein% )
1#.$here did you . . . . . . . . to li%e&
a. used b. using c. use d. uses
2. Mai is too #oun% to )oo2 after
1. herse)f 6. m#se)f C. himse)f ;. #ourse)f
+et:s put the te)ephone BBBBBBBBBthe $oo2she)f
1. on 6. in C. at ;. $ehind
III 3 S:&&0y t+P 46rrP4t tPn?P ^6r1 6^ t+P vPr2? -n t+P 2r/4_Pt? E!3"F
1. 4he# ($e) ................there an hour a%o .
2. 4he weather (%et) ..............co)der.
". 4he# ( )i-e ) ... in Hanoi for 2Q #ears .
*. He doesn:t en5o# ( p)a# ) ................$as2et$a))
!. 324 th4 #-&&4#t 5-&1 -5 th4 +4&62 in th4 6-: t- #-1p(4t4 th424 24nt4n#42.(0<5p)
1. M# unc)e (not -isit) .......... us since he mo-ed to the new town.
2.You ou%ht to (stop).p)a#in% computer %ames.
3. 4he Moon ( mo-e).around the =arth.
6. Mr. 6inh ()earn) Chinese at schoo) $ut he (for%et) ... most of it.
@. 6a is not o)d enou%h (dri-e) a motor$i2e.
!. , (2now)her for some #ears.
I<3 YPOr-tP t+P ^6006O-ng ?PntPn4P? O-t+6:t 4+/ng-ng t+P 1P/n-ng E!3"F
1. Mr 6rown spea2s =n%)ish we)) . Mr Dent spea2s =n%)ish we)) too
Mr 6rown spea2s =n%)ish as .............................................................
2. ?am is o)d . He can %o to schoo) a)one.
?am is o)d enou%h .
". . =at more fruit and -e%eta$)es .
4he doctor to)d us ............................................................................
*. . You shou)d practise spea2in% =n%)ish e-er# da# .
4he teacher said that .......................................................................
1 '((((((...(..)an for some months. ("no!/ha%e "no!n/ "ne!/ to "no!)
3 )an (((((((((in the *+, for 2 years. (be/is/are/ha%e been/ has been)
- Jill is more intelligent than .ill. (as(..as)
.ill isn/t
Test 15 (Week 15)
I.in for hoc since vo trng hon thnh cc cu sau
1.She has lived in Ho Chi Minh City..2004.
2.I have known hethee weeks.
!.We haven"t seen To#last Monday.
4.He has st$died %n&lish. yeas.
II.Dng th hin ti hon thnh v t! g"i # hon thnh cc cu
sau.$%t v& '( ) "c *+ s,n
0.I'know'he'(ive #onths.)*I have known he (o (ive #onths.
1.They'not'#eet'+a#'ten
yeas.)*.
2.My ,othe'live 'thee'last
s$##e.)*...
!.I'lean'%n&lish' thee
yeas.)*.
4.She'not'-o#e ,a-k hee'a lon&
ti#e.)*...
III.-h.n t!/c(+ t! 0h h"0 hon thnh cu
1.She is (as tall'talle ) as he siste.
2.. new ho$se is (the sa#e'di((eent) (o# an old one.
Test 15 (Week 15)
I.-h.n t!/c(+ t! 0h h"0 hon thnh cu
1.She is (as tall'talle ) as he siste.
2.. new ho$se is (the sa#e'di((eent) (o# an old one.
II.in for hoc since vo trng hon thnh cc cu sau
1.We haven"t seen To#last Monday.
2.I have known hethee weeks.
!.He has st$died %n&lish. yeas.
4.She has lived in Ho Chi Minh City..2004.
III.Dng th hin ti hon thnh v t! g"i # hon thnh cc cu
sau.$%t v& '( ) "c *+ s,n
0.I'know'he'(ive #onths.)*I have known he (o (ive #onths.
1.I'lean'%n&lish' thee
yeas.)*.
2.She'not'-o#e ,a-k hee'a lon&
ti#e.)*...
!.My ,othe'live 'thee'last
s$##e.)*...
4.They'not'#eet'+a#'ten
yeas.)*.


Test 15 (Week 15)
I.Dng th hin ti hon thnh v t! g"i # hon thnh cc cu
sau.$%t v& '( ) "c *+ s,n
0.I'know'he'(ive #onths.)*I have known he (o (ive #onths.
1.They'not'#eet'+a#'ten
yeas.)*.
2.My ,othe'live 'thee'last
s$##e.)*...
!.I'lean'%n&lish' thee
yeas.)*.
4.She'not'-o#e ,a-k hee'a lon&
ti#e.)*...
II.in for hoc since vo trng hon thnh cc cu sau
1.He has st$died %n&lish. yeas.
2.She has lived in Ho Chi Minh City..2004.
!.We haven"t seen To#last Monday.
4.I have known hethee weeks.
III.-h.n t!/c(+ t! 0h h"0 hon thnh cu
1.She is (as tall'talle ) as he siste.
2.. new ho$se is (the sa#e'di((eent) (o# an old one.
` C@4 &+An 4+In+
(+- 4+C
6Ra
4ran% phS $Ra
MSc )Sc
;anh mSc chT cGi -iUt tVt ( nUu cW )
#3Nt van 5D E LU L6 4+n 5D t- F
!3(-9- Q:yTt van 5D E NH- L:ng ?@ng _-Tn _-n+ ng+-b1 F
!3# Cc ?G 0U 0:dn 4M/ van 5D
!3! T+e4 tr7ng 4M/ van 5D
!3f C@4 2-bn &+@& 5g t-Tn +n+ 5h g-9- Q:yTt van 5D
!3i H-b: Q:9 4M/ SKKN
f3 KTt 0:dn
4Xi )iYu tham 2hZo
>hS )Sc ( nUu cW )


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(J- U vD nH- L:ng 4@4 &+An 4+In+ 4M/ ?@ng _-Tn _-n+ ng+-b1 :
j Nt van 5D: Ehofc LU L6 4+n 5D t- F
>hHn nX# tGc %iZ chd #Uu trRnh $X# )g do chhn ^e tXi. CS thi tGc %iZ cHn trRnh $X# ^jkc cGc g chanh sau
^J#:
l ?]u rm hiYn tjkn% ( -bn ^e ) tron% thnc tion %iZn% dI# %iGo dSc cpn% tGc q`i mX tGc %iZ ^r chhn ^i
-iUt (DD?.
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dSc cpn% tGc q`i.
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#]u cHu m\i ^Ei hxi phZi ^jkc %iZi Ku#Ut.
4y nhTn% g ^W tGc %iZ 2hzn% ^{nh )g do mRnh chhn -bn ^e ^i -iUt (DD?.
j (-9- Q:yTt van 5D: E hofc NH- L:ng ?@ng _-Tn _-n+ ng+-b1 F
qJ# )X phHn Kuan trhn% c|t )mi nhbt cda m`t (DD? theo chcn% tpi tGc %iZ n]n trRnh $X# theo * mSc
chanh sau ^J#:
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nhm 2hVc phSc nhTn% mJu thuun 2hW 2hn tGc %iZ ^r trRnh $X# tron% phHn ^ft -bn ^e.
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nhTn% mJu thuun mX tGc %iZ ^an% tRm cGch %iZi Ku#Ut cZi tiUn.
= C# 6iFn php G tiHn h,nh gi'i I%JHt +Cn : 4rRnh $X# trRnh tn nhTn% $iYn phGp cGc $j\c cS
thi ^r tiUn hXnh ^i %iZi Ku#Ut -bn ^e tron% ^W cW nh_n Ct -e -ai trE tGc dSn% hiYu KuZ cda tyn% $iYn phGp
hofc tyn% $j\c ^W.
= HiF% I%' #Ba SKKK: 4ron% mSc nX# cHn trRnh $X# ^jkc cGc g :
< qr Gp dSn% (DD? )\p nXo2h|i nXo cho ^|i tjkn% cS thi nXo &
< 4rRnh $X# rm 2Ut KuZ cS thi 2hi Gp dSn% (DD? ( cW ^|i chiUu so sGnh -\i 2Ut KuZ 2hi tiUn hXnh
cpn% -iYc theo cGch c )
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chhn -X dion ^It ^jkc n`i dun% chd #Uu mX tGc %iZ mu|n trRnh $X# tron% ^e tXi.
j KTt 0:dn :
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hofc thnc hiYn cGc nhiYm -S cda n%ji %iGo -i]n n%ji phS trGch q`i.
< ?hTn% nh_n ^{nh chun% cda tGc %iZ -e -iYc Gp dSn% -X 2hZ nn% phGt triin cda (DD?.
< ?hTn% $Xi hhc 2inh n%hiYm ^jkc rct ra ty KuG trRnh Gp dSn% (DD? cda $Zn thJn
< ?hTn% g 2iUn ^e Cubt ( -\i 6` ;<q4 (\ ;<q4 >hEn% ;<q4 +rnh ^Io trjn% t# theo
tyn% ^e tXi ) ^e Gp dSn% (DD? cW hiYu KuZ.

4Wm )Ii cpn% -iYc -iUt (DD? thnc sn )X n`t cpn% -iYc 2hoa hhc n%hi]m tcc ^Ei hxi n%ji -iUt phZi
2i]n nhun phZi cW sn ^Hu tj tra tuY cpn% s~c -X thi %ian. qW hEan tEan 2hpn% phZi )X m`t -iYc do dXn%. H#
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(DD? %Wp phHn nJn% cao chbt )jkn% %iZn% dI# -X %iGo dSc cda cGc $In ^{a phjn%.
Chcc cGc $In thXnh cpn%.

(? D,? D,?H ?H,M P D ?? (1 +, 4,? 1?H CHN HNC (,?H 4HC( 1/26/2Q11
1Q:Q3:QA 1M
MT S KINH NGHIM
V K NNG SA LI TING ANH
(K NNG NI V VIT) CHO HC SINH THCS
A - T VN
Ting anh ngy cng tr nn ph bin , n c xem l cu ni con ngi t nhng nc khc
nhau trn th gii xch lai gn nhau hon. Hon th na nh c ting Anh m con ngi c c nhng
bc tin ng k trong nhiu linh vuc. Vic hoc Ting Anh l quan trong v cn thit hon bao gi ht.
Nhn thc r tm quan trong ca vic hoc Ting Anh, nhiu nm nay B GD& T quyt
inh mn Ting Anh l mt trong nhng mn hoc chnh kho tt c cc bc hoc trong h thng gio duc.
Ting Anh ngy cng c ng o cc tng lp trong x hi quan tm, cng c nhiu hoc sinh c hng
th , c nhu cu nghin cu chuyn su vi mn hoc.
Nhng qua thuc t cho thy hoc vin ni chung v cc hoc sinh trng THCS ni ring gp rt
nhiu li khi s dung ting Anh. Tai sao hoc sinh lai mc qu nhiu li nh th? Nguyn nhn dn n vic
mc li l g? Sa li v gip hoc sinh sa li nh th no cho hiu qu? L nhng suy nghi, trn tr ca
bn thn ti qua nhiu nm lm cng tc ging day mn ting Anh trng THCS. T , ti manh dan
a ra mt s mt s kinh nghim trong "k nng sa li Ting Anh ( k nng ni v vit) cho hc
sinh THCS
B- NI DUNG
I. CO S L LUN.
Ti tng bt gp c mt cu ni b ch : "C li l chuyn rt bnh thng l mt vn lnh
manh, b ch l bi v t nhng li sai chng ta mi tm uoc ci ng, ci chnh xc v vi ci chnh xc
dn n qu trnh hoc tp. Ngi hoc cng mc nhiu li th cng c c nhiu ci ng. Cng c
nhiu ci ng , th vic hoc lai cng din ra . Chng ta thng hoc c nhiu iu t nhng sai lm ca
chng ta hon l t nhng thnh cng
Chng ta bit rng ky nng Ni v Vit l cc ky nng sinh sn (productive skills)- hoc sinh hoc v
luyn tp u v muc ch l c th dng ngn ng din at ca mnh ( bng cch ni v vit) nn
vic xut hin li trong qu trnh s dung ngn ng l iu ht sc bnh thng v khng th trnh khi.
Chnh v vy mi mt gio vin day ting Anh cn nhn thc c iu ny c thi ng n
khi hoc sinh ca chng ta mc li, v quan trong hon l c phong php cha li chnh xc v ph hp
vi tng li cu th.
II. CO S THC TIN.
Qua nhng nm thng ging day ting Anh trng THCS Phong Thu ti nhn thy rng hoc sinh
THCS rt thch, rt hng th vi mn hoc ting Anh. c bit l nhng nm u s GD v T ch ao c thi
tt nghip lp 9 mn Ting Anh. Nhng nm gn y nhng hoc sinh khi 6, 7 hu nh thch th mn hoc
ny hon mt s hoc sinh khi 8,9. Hoc sinh khi 6, 7 manh dan ni, vit ting Anh hon, manh dan pht
biu trong gi hoc hon chng t hoc sinh khi 6,7 cn hn nhin, v t hon nn cc em cha thy ngai khi
ni, khi vit v khi mc li. Ting Anh l mn hoc kh cho nn hoc sinh ngay t u nu khng c phong
php hoc ng, gio vin khng kip thi pht hin, gip s dn n vic hoc sinh "mt gc V l
nguyn nhn dn n vic mt s hoc sinh khi 8, 9 ngai ni v vit ting Anh, iu ny cng l nguyn
nhn ca cht lng mn Ting Anh trng cn thp. Cc em s sai, s mc li, s xu h vi ban b khi
mc li. l nhn thc v cng sai lm ca cc em. Chnh v th ti cng c gng hon trong vic gip cc
em mt ln na nhn ra c iu ny "C li l chuyn rt bnh thung l mt vn d lnh mqnh,
b ch l bi v t nhng li sai chng ta mi tm duqc ci dng, ci chnh xc v vi ci chnh
xc d dn dn qu trnh hc tqp. Ngui hc cng mc nhiu li th cng c duqc nhiu ci dng.
Cng c nhiu ci dng , th vic hc lqi cng din ra . Chng ta thung hc duqc nhiu diu t
nhng sai lm ca chng ta hon l t nhng thnh cng". Ti lun tao cho cc em cm gic gn gi
thoi mi, tu nhin khi hoc .Mt trong nhng phong php lm c iu ny l tm ti , rt kinh
nghim v mt s phong php cha li cho hoc sinh khi hoc sinh mc li m khng tao cm gic "mt
mt cho cc em.
* Mt s kho st truc khi thc hin d ti:
Kim tra ki nng ni: Unit 2(English 9) Speak
Ti ch kim tra cch dng ng t trong cu gin tip:
Lp S hc sinh
tham gia
S hc
sinh ni
dng
9.1 8 5(62,5%)
9.2 8 4(50.0%)
9.3 8 6(75.0%)
III. MT S PHUONG PHP SA LI CHO HC SINH
1. Cc dqng li thung gqp:
/ Li t vung (vocabulary)
/ Li ng php hoc cu trc cu (grammar or structure patterns)
/ Li chnh t (spelling)
2. Nguyn nhn:
C rt nhiu nguyn nhn sn sinh ra li trong qu trnh s dung ngn ng, ti c th a ra mt s
nguyn nhn nh sau:
2.1 S nh hung ca ngn ng m d ( Mothe ! Tong"e inte#eence)
y l loai li kh h thng trong qu trnh hoc ting Anh. Hoc sinh khi hoc ngoai ng thng p
dung mt cch my mc c php ngn ng me vo ngn ng m ngi ang hoc, nhng thuc t l
c rt nhiu im khc bit v c php gia cc ngn ng khc nhau.
-V du v nh hng ca c php ngn ng me (cu th y l Ting vit vo vic hoc Ting
Anh)
C rt nhiu hoc sinh ni "He $o"ght a ca ne% (Cu y mua mt chic xe hoi mi) v trong
Ting Vit tnh t thng i sau danh t cn trong Ting Anh th gn nh ngc lai, cu ng phi l ;
"He $o"ght a ne% ca.
2.2 S lin di v ngn ng ( Coss ! association)
Su lin i l mt hin tng nh hng qua lai gia mt s quy tc v hoc ngn ng gia ngi
ny vi ngi khc- quy tc ny c th p dung c vi ngi ny nhng hon ton khng ph hp vi
ngi khc.
2.3 Li do bt cn (&os '"e to caelessness()
Cc yu t v tm l nh bt cn, mt mi, hoc qun qui tc ng php....cng c th l nguyn
nhn gy ra li trong qu trnh s dung ngn ng.
C rt nhiu hoc sinh khi ni "She live in Quang Binh with her family (C y sng Qung Bnh
cng vi gia nh ca c y), y c th hoc sinh qun quy tc ng php l thm )s vo sau ng t
khi chia ngi th ba s t th khng inh ca th hin tai on gin, cng c lc do bt cn trong pht
m hoc cng c th gii thch cho hin tng ny l )*nh h+,ng kh-ng t.ch c/c c0a ng-n ng1 23
45 cng c l bi l trong Ting vit chng ta ni "C y sng Qung Bnh cng vi gia nh ca c
y v Ti sng Qung Bnh cng vi gia nh ca ti ng t sng khng c su khc bit v hnh thc
ng t (tc l ng t khng phi chia ph hp vi ngi s trong Ting Vit) .Trong khi cu ng
trong Ting Anh phi l : "She lives in 6"ang 7inh %ith he #a2il8 v ) 9 live in 6"ang 7inh %ith
28 #a2il8
2.4 Qu trnh dqy hc gy ra li (Teaching ! in'"ce' eos()
Thi quen khng tch cuc trong qu trnh day hoc cng c th l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn gy
ra li. Tha nhn rng "tht khng d dng xc inh cc li ngoai tr nhng thit bi hoc ky nng, th
thut day hoc m c p dung vi ngi hoc-ni cch khc vic p dung phong php hoc khng ph
hp vi hoc sinh c nh hng rt ln n hiu qu ca qu trnh hoc ngn ng
3. Cc phuong php sa li co bn.
C ba phong php sa li co bn nh sau
:T/ sa (Self-correction)
Hc sinh sa l;n nha" (Peer correction)
<i=o vi>n sa (Teacher correction)
:Sa li nh2 (<o"? coection)
4. Tqi sao lqi phi sa li
Khi hoc sinh s dung ting Anh - d l vit hay ni th cc em lun mun bit l mnh c mc li no
trm trong hay khng, cc em lun mun hi gio vin rng " m lm tt ch a?, nh vy vic sa li l
rt cn thit
5. Sa li khi no? Sa ci g? V sa nhu th no?
5.1. Sa li khi no?
Thng thng vic sa li c thuc hin sau qu trnh s dung ngn ng ca hoc sinh.
5.2. Sa ci g?
*Cn sa nhng li c nh hng n nghia ca cu (rrors that interfere with meaning)
- Th ng t (Verb tense)
- Trt tu t (ord order)
- Lua chon t khng chnh xc (Confusing word choice)
- Li sai v chnh t (Confusing spelling)
* i khi khng cn thit phi sa cc li khng nh hng n nghia ca cu nu nh bi vit ca
cc em qu nhiu li trnh tm l chn nn cho hoc sinh (rrors that are less likely to interfere with
meaning) :
- Mao t hay cn goi l qun t (Article mistakes)
- Gii t (Preposition mistakes)
- Du chm(.) hay du phy (,) (Comma splices)
- Cc li chnh t nh (Minor spelling mistakes )
5.3 Sa nhu th no?
a. Gio vin sa (Teacher's correction)
Ti thy rng gio vin cha li cho hoc sinh l phong php tiu biu m nhiu gio vin thng p
dung trong qu ttrnh ging day. Phong php ny gm c hai loai: Chnh sa truc tip v chnh sa gin
tip. Loai chnh sa gin tip c nhiu hnh thc thuc hin hon. Chng ta cn lua chon hnh thc ph hp
vi i tng hoc sinh ca mnh.
V d: Khi hoc sinh mc li v cu trc cu bi ng ti vit cu trc cu ng ln bng bng phn
, goi mt sinh khc ng dy so snh cu trc cu ng vi cu sai, lc hoc sinh c th tu sa cu
sai thnh cu ng v tip tuc cho hoc sinh t thm cc v du khc hoc sinh luyn tp cu trc cu.
This house was build by those workers
S Be V (PP) by O
This house was built by those workers
b. Hc sinh c th vqn dng phong cch sa li ca gio vin d t sa li (Learners'
preerred style o teacher's correction)
Trong thuc t hoc sinh khng thch cch cha li truc tip ca gio vin. nghia l gach chn li v
cha n. Khi c hi tai sao th cc hoc sinh s tr li l cc em mong mun c lin quan n qu trnh
cha li. Ni cch khc l gio vin ch lm mt phn ca cng vic, ch ra cc li, tao co hi cho hoc sinh
vn dung kin thc, tr no ca mnh tm ra cch sa cha sai st. Chnh n luc ny ca hoc sinh lm
cho qu trnh cha li ca hoc sinh c nghia hon
v c li cho hoc tp bi thng qua cch lm ny hoc sinh lai mt ln na ghi nh v khc su hon
kin thc gp.
c. Sa li c lp (Class correction)
Gio vin c th cho hoc sinh ni hoc vit tu do, ghi lai nhng li co bn sau sa chung cho c
lp- trnh tnh trang nu li ca mt ai v lm nh th d gy cm gic "mt mt (loosing face) cho hoc
sinh.
Mt bi vit ca hoc sinh s c a ln c th bng bng phu, trnh chiu qua my chiu
proector lm nh mt v du. Gio vin cng vi hoc sinh tho lun, pht hin nhng li trong bi vit. y
l cch m hoc sinh rt thch nhng gio vin cng cn ch n cch lm, cch th hin v thi ca
hoc sinh trong qu trnh cha bi.
d. Sa li nhm (Group correction)
y cng l mt cch cha li rt d gy c hng th cho hoc sinh. Hoc sinh lm vic theo nhm,
va luyn tp, va cha li. Cch cha li theo nhm s lm cho gi hoc ni v vit ca hoc sinh tr nn
nhe nhng v th vi hon.
V du: Giao bi ca nhm ny cho nhm khc sa li hoc thnh lp nhm luyn ni, hoc luyn vit
cc i tng hoc sinh: hoc sinh kh, gii lm vic vi hoc sinh trung bnh ,yu cc em sa li ln
nhau
. Mt s k thuqt sa li:
t kh c th quyt inh c nn cha nh th no v cha bao nhiu trn mt bi vit ca
hoc sinh. Hoc sinh c th ny sinh thi tiu cuc i vi bi vit ca mnh m gio vin sa tt c cc li
hoc nu gio vin ch sa mt s t cc li th c th cc em lai nghi rng gio vin cha dnh thi
gian xem xt vic lm bi ca mnh. Sau y l mt s th thut cha li m ti tng thuc hin:
.1. Dng bt dnh du khc mu vo nhng li ca cc em
V du: Bi vit ca hoc sinh:
Lan get up at six oclock. She brushes her teeth, washes her face and have breakfast. Ti nh
du khc mu cc li sai v yu cu hoc sinh tu sa li ca mnh
.2 Sa li bng cch gqch chn li ca hc sinh v vit hnh thc thch hqp vo dng v tr
ca n.
y l phong php sa li truc tip ti thng s dung ki thut ny khi thi gian bi han ch.
V du: She bought many egges eggs.
.3 S dng k hiu bn l hoqc ngay trn du li d bo loqi li cho hc sinh:
V du: Khi hoc sinh mc li sai v cc li nh th ng t, trt tu t, chnh t...... ti s dung cc
k hiu sa li ( error correction codes) sa.
Cc k hiu ny phi c cung cp trc cho hoc sinh v yu cu hoc sinh nh nghia ca tng
biu tng trong sut c qu trnh hoc tp.
Cc k hiu sa li ( error correction codes) nh:


V du khi cho hoc sinh thuc hin phn writing theo nhm, ti s i lai xem hoc sinh mc nhng
li co bn no, ti s ghi ch li ln v s dung nhng k hiu sa li ln pha trn gc phi ca t
v gach chn t , hoc t k hiu vo vi tr li v du :
Code Explanation Example sentence
rong form He is a good drive

F

T rong tense
knew
@T
him for years.
Sp rong spelling grandfathor
S?

.4 C th vit bn l s luqng li trong mi dng, sau d th d cho hc sinh t xc dnh
li v cha li.
.2..The natural disaster call "Tidal wave often occured suddenly. t is the ..1..result of a abrupt shift
in the underwater movement of the arth. n late ..0..2004, a series of tidal waves struck the seaside of
ndonesia, Thailand, and ..1..some other Asian country. The famous resorts such as Phuket and iti
..0..were completely destroyed .A large numbers of people were killed.
Hoc sinh nhn vo s lng li bn l v c gng tm ra v cha lai.
.5: Phn cqp hoqc nhm, yu cu hc sinh cha li cho nhau bng cch s dng mt
trong nhng phuong php trn.
. :Trao di bi ca em ny cho em khc cha bng cch s dng mt trong nhng
phuong php trn.
.. Ti c th dng tranh, th ...d sa li trong gi luyn ni mt s dim ng php dqc
trung.
SV use to highlight subect-
verb agreement problems (li v
su ha hp gia ch t v ng
t)
C use to indicate a word
choice problem (li v chon
t ng)
SP use to highlight
singular plural problems (li
v ngi s)
use to indicate that
there is a missing word (li
v thiu t )
VT use to highlight a verb tense
problem (li v th ng t)
use to indicate that a
word is unnecessary (li
tha t)
use to indicate a word
order problem (li v trt tu
t)
C use to show that
there is a problem with
capitaliation (li vit
hoa)
rong form Sp rong spelling
V du: Khi hoc sinh mc li v ng t thm NG th hin tai tip din, ti s dung "th- NG
Ting Anh goi l "NG Card
Ti s dung ky nng ny day : nit 8 A1(nglish 6)
Phong php lm nh sau;
Lc u ti goi mt hoc sinh ng dy nhn vo tranh ni v cc hoat ng m nhng ngi sau
y ang lm, kt qu l HS ny ni thiu "ing 46 cu. Sau ti t "ING CAD ca ti ngay
di ng t v yu cu c lp oc lai ba ln
Hu ht hoc sinh u rt n tng vi ci th ING ca ti, v t hoc sinh gp phi li tong tu khi
chia ng t th hin tai tip din.
Ngoi vic s dung "9A< CAD sa li khi chia ng t th hin tai tip din ra th chng ta
cng c th s dung "9A< CAD sa li v ng t thm NG th qu kh tip din, hoc dng
"S- CAD sa li trong luyn tp danh t s t, s nhiu, hoc ng t chia ngi th ba s t ca th hin
tai on.
Trong cc phong php sa li trn th phong php tu sa li l hiu qu nht trong vic hoc Ting
Anh hay bt k mt ngn ng no khc. Khi hoc sinh nhn ra v tu sa li mt cch chnh xc th cc em
cng tip thu ngn ng mt cch hiu qu.
. Mt s kho st sau khi thc hin d ti:
Sau mt thi gian thuc hin ti, ti nhn kt qu v ki nng ni v ki nng vit nhng khi lp
ti truc tip ging day c su chuyn bin tt, cu th nh sau:
Kim tra ki nng ni: Unit (English 9) Speak
Ti ch kim tra cch dng ng t trong cu nghi:

Lp S hc sinh
tham gia
S hc sinh
ni dng
9.1 8 7(87,5%)
9.2 8 6(75.0%)
9.3 8 7(87,5%)

C. KT LUN V BI HC KINH NGHIM.
Qua thuc t ging day ti rt ra c mt s bi hoc kinh nghim khi sa li nh sau :
Khi chun bi bi :
GV cn suy nghi xem hoc sinh c th mc nhng in hnh li no, sa nhng li no, sa nh
th no , sa khi no v sa bao nhiu cho ph hp.
GV cn gach u dng nhng lu trn vo gio n.
C hng dn r rng, d hiu.
Khi sa li:
GV cn c thi ng n, tch cuc, ph hp vi hoc sinh mc li khi s dung ngn ng,
khng qu tp trung sa li vo mt hoc sinh hoc mt nhm hoc sinh trnh tnh trang hoc sinh bi "mt
mt.
Tao khng kh vui toi gy hng th hoc tp cho hoc sinh , gip hoc sinh c c cm gic
thoi mi nu mc li khi s dung ngn ng, v xem vic mc li khi s dung ngn ng l iu khng th
trnh khi.
Gip cho hoc sinh c c d liu ngn ng chnh xc, v hoc Ting Anh qua cc li sai.
(Learning nglish through the errors) nng luc Ting Anh ca hoc sinh ngy mt tt hon.
Trn y ch l nhng kinh nghim nh v ky nng sa li m bn thn ti c rt c qua nhng
nm truc tip ging day hoc sinh trng THCS Phong Thu.
Tuy nhin hiu qu ca vic sa li cn phu thuc rt nhiu vo hoc sinh .
ti ny ti a ra nhm gip cho hoc sinh c th khc phuc, han ch nhng li thng gp , ch
cp n mt s ky nng nh v bi vit khng th trnh nhng sai st. Ti rt mong cc ng nghip
tham kho, xem xt v tm ra nhng ky nng sa li hiu qu hon nhm nng cao cht lng v hiu qu
trong vic hoc Ting Anh ca cc em hoc sinh THCS.
Ti xin chn thnh cm n.

BC Th"DE ng8 FG th=g G n2 HIFI
Ag+Ji vit
Mai Th Huong Giang


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6In cn% cHn )upn man% theo m`t cu|n sw nhx %hi chp ty -nn% m\i $]n mRnh ^i tranh thd hhc 2hi rZnh rFi.
Hr# ^ft cho mRnh mSc ti]u mFi n%X# hhc -Xi ty t# theo 2hZ nn% cda mRnh -X nh\ )X pn t_p thjn% Cu#]n theo
^{nh 2R (" n%X# 1 tuHn ha# m`t thGn%). C| %Vn% pn )Ii ty -nn% ^r hhc at nhbt )X " )Hn m\i cW thi nh\ t|t ^jkc
chcn%.
qi g cGch trRnh $X# ty -nn%: sv dSn% nhieu mXu -iUt 2hGc nhau - hRnh ha# s ^} theo chd ^e cXn% nhieu cXn%
t|t.
HiYn na# tr]n th{ trjn% cW rbt nhieu sGch tn hhc ty -nn% rbt ha#. 4pi Cin %i\i thiYu cGc $In tham 2hZo $` sGch
sau: 6asic Poca$u)ar# in Use Poca$u)ar# for ,ntermediate (tudents Poca$u)ar# for Upper < ,ntermediate
(tudents.
H4 nV-
?Wi )X 2 nn% Kuan trhn% -X thc -{ nhbt cda $bt c~ m`t n%pn n%T nXo. Chcn% ta )upn cW cZm %iGc tiUn $` to )\n
-X rm rYt nhbt 2hi cW thi %iao tiUp )ju )oGt trnc tiUp $n% n%pn n%T nWi. 4heo tpi ^i hhc nWi cGc $In ^yn% KuG
-`i -Xn%. CW nhieu n%ji ma# mVn s|n% tron% mpi trjn% tiUn% 1nh n]n hh cW thi hhc nWi n%a# ty m\i $Vt ^Hu
hhc n%oIi n%T. 4u# nhi]n ^|i -\i phHn )\n mhi n%ji thR chcn% ta n]n cHn cW m`t nen tZn% n%pn n%T nhbt ^{nh
(ty -nn% n%T phGp phGt Jm cbu trcc cJu) at nhbt )X 6 thGn% trj\c 2hi $j\c -Xo m`t 2hWa hhc nWi thnc thS.
q|i -\i nhTn% n%ji 2hpn% cW ^ieu 2iYn s|n% ha# )Xm -iYc tron% mpi trjn% tiUn% 1nh thR ta n]n tranh thd
)u#Yn nWi nhj sau:
< 4_n dSn% t|i ^a nhTn% %i )u#Yn t_p tr]n )\p tIi cGc trun% tJm n%oIi n%T (t_p nWi cXn% nhieu -\i $In $ d )X
nhTn% cbu trcc ^n %iZn nhbt ^yn% ch thnc t_p Kua )oa chiUu )Y -R cXn% )u#Yn nWi nhieu ta cXn% nh\ $Xi )Ju hn
-X tIo ^jkc cho mRnh phZn CI nhanh nhn 2hi %fp nhTn% tRnh hu|n% tjn% tn tron% ^i s|n%).
< DhVc phSc tanh nhct nhGt -X sk sai cda mRnh. C~ mInh dIn nWi tiUn% 1nh $bt c~ 2hi nXo cW thi.
< 4Rm m`t $In hhc ha# nhWm hhc jn% g -X sVp CUp thi %ian hhc nhWm -\i nhau. CW nhieu $In hn nhau ^Un )\p
s\m "Q phct -X ch n%}i nWi chu#Yn $n% tiUn% 1nh -\i nhau mX thpi. qJ# )X m`t cGch hhc rbt t|t -X %icp nhau
cn% tiUn $`.
< 4ham %ia cGc cJu )Ic $` tiUn% 1nh -Xo cu|i tuHn.
H4 ng+P
qi n%he t|t m`t $Xi 2hWa tron% sGch tiUn% 1nh ta thjn% phZi trZi Kua cGc $j\c sau. 4rj\c 2hi n%he $In hr#
su# n%ht -e ^e tXi ^W ^i %icp $In hRnh dun% -X phGn ^oGn ^jkc nhTn% %R sVp n%he n%he g chanh trj\c ti]n ^i
trZ )i cJu hxi twn% KuGt n%he nhTn% ty chanh r}i ^oGn 2hpn% nhbt thiUt phZi n%he ra tyn% ty tyn% ty m`t sau
^W n%he )Ii nhieu )Hn ^i $iUt ^jkc cXn% nhieu chi tiUt cXn% t|t ^i cW thi hoXn tbt cGc cJu hxi tron% $Xi. 4u#Yt ^|i
2hpn% Cem trj\c n`i dun% $Xi 2hWa trj\c 2hi n%he. Ch 2hi n%he Con% r}i $In m\i -ya n%he -ya ^hc $Xi ^i
2iim tra )Ii -X hhc th]m ty m\i cn% nhj tn% cjn% cGc cGch dion ^It ha# cW tron% $Xi. 6In cn% n]n ^hc theo
$n% nhieu )Hn sau 2hi n%he Con% ^i )u#Yn phGt Jm -X nh\ $Xi t|t hn.
?%u#]n tVc chun% cho -iYc rn )u#Yn 2 nn% n%he hiYu KuZ )X n%he cXn% nhieu cXn% t|t. 4ranh thd mhi tXi )iYu
-X c h`i n%he cW thi (n%he $n% n%he nhIc n%he radio Cem 4P Cem phim M cW phS ^e tiUn% 1nh ). 4r]n
th{ trjn% hiYn na# cn% $Gn rbt nhieu sGch )u#Yn n%he tiUn% 1nh ^i $In cW thi tn hhc th]m nhX.
?%oXi ra cEn cW m`t cpn% cS -p cn% hTu hiYu ^i rn )u#Yn mhi 2 nn% cho n%ji hhc tiUn% 1nh n%X# na# ^W
chanh )X ,nternet. 6In cW thi ^hc $Go n%he tin t~c tRm tXi )iYu on)ine $n% tiUn% 1nh. ?%oXi ra tr]n ,nternet cEn
cW rbt nhieu tran% we$ cun% cbp cGc $Xi hhc tiUn% 1nh mion pha rbt thc -{ -X tiYn )ki. 4pi Cin %i\i thiYu m`t s|
tran% we$ ^i cGc $In cW thi tham 2hZo -X tn hhc th]m nhX.
H4 &+@t 1
>hGt Jm 2hpn% ^cn% )X m`t tron% nhTn% ^iim #Uu )\n nhbt cda s| ^pn% n%ji hhc tiUn% 1nh. Hhc phGt Jm )X
m`t phHn cnc 2 Kuan trhn% -R cW nWi ^cn% thR m\i n%he t|t -X tru#en ^It g tjn% cda mRnh ^Un n%ji n%he
chanh CGc nhbt. qfc $iYt ^|i -\i nhTn% n%ji m\i $Vt ^Hu hhc tiUn% 1nh phGt Jm chun )X ju ti]n hXn% ^Hu ^i
trGnh nhTn% )Fi sai rbt 2hW sva -e sau nX#. 4rj\c 2hi nWi ha# ta cHn hhc cGch nWi ^cn% trj\c ^r.
+i 2hu#]n: CGc $In cHn nVm -Tn% HY th|n% >hi]n Jm [u|c tU (,nternationa) >honetic (#m$o)s < ,>() cW in
^n% sau cGc cu|n ty ^iin -X t_p thWi Kuen )upn )upn tra c~u phi]n Jm mFi 2hi $Vt %fp m`t ty m\i ^i cW thi phGt
Jm ^cn% nhbt. ?%oXi %i hhc tr]n )\p -\i cGc thH# cp cGc $In n]n tn hhc phGt Jm nhX Kua phHn mem (peech
(o)utions -X tham 2hZo th]m phHn phGt Jm cda ^ta C;<NM Cam$rid%e 1d-anced +earners: ;ictionar# ^jkc
$X# $Gn rbt nhieu tIi cGc cva hXn% -i tanh.
Hhc ty -nn%
?%u#]n tVc hhc ty -nn% phw $iUn )X hhc tron% cSm ty tron% cJu trGnh hhc ty chUt. Pa dS hhc ty .corner0 phZi
hhc tron% nhWm ty .on the corner of0 hhc .interested0 phZi nh\ cSm .$e interested in0 thR m\i $iUt cGch ^ft cJu
cho ^cn%.
qi nh\ ^jkc ty -nn% thR 2hpn% cW cGch nXo hiYu KuZ $n% cGch sv dSn% chcn%. M`t cGch hhc thpn% minh )X $In
hr# c| %Vn% .chen0 nhTn% ty -ya m\i hhc -Xo 2hi t_p nWi ha# 2hi t_p -iUt emai) $n% tiUn% 1nh. CW thi )cc ^Hu
$In cEn rbt )cn% tcn% -X thiUu tn nhi]n nhjn% chanh nhTn% )cc nhj -_# $In s nh\ ty ^jkc nhieu nhbt -X theo
thi %ian $In s sv dSn% ^jkc n%X# cXn% nhieu ty -nn% ha# m`t cGch thXnh thIo. C|t )mi -bn ^e ^J# chanh )X
$In ^an% tn %icp mRnh tIo ra nhTn% tRnh hu|n% ^i cW thi sv dSn% n%a# nhTn% ty m\i hhc. 6In 2hpn% nhbt thiUt
phZi -iUt ty ra %ib# nhieu )Hn -R -iYc nX# ch %icp $In nh\ ^jkc chanh tZ cda ty mX thpi.
6In cn% cHn )upn man% theo m`t cu|n sw nhx %hi chp ty -nn% m\i $]n mRnh ^i tranh thd hhc 2hi rZnh rFi.
Hr# ^ft cho mRnh mSc ti]u mFi n%X# hhc -Xi ty t# theo 2hZ nn% cda mRnh -X nh\ )X pn t_p thjn% Cu#]n theo
^{nh 2R (" n%X# 1 tuHn ha# m`t thGn%). C| %Vn% pn )Ii ty -nn% ^r hhc at nhbt )X " )Hn m\i cW thi nh\ t|t ^jkc
chcn%.
qi g cGch trRnh $X# ty -nn%: sv dSn% nhieu mXu -iUt 2hGc nhau - hRnh ha# s ^} theo chd ^e cXn% nhieu cXn%
t|t.
HiYn na# tr]n th{ trjn% cW rbt nhieu sGch tn hhc ty -nn% rbt ha#. 4pi Cin %i\i thiYu cGc $In tham 2hZo $` sGch
sau: 6asic Poca$u)ar# in Use Poca$u)ar# for ,ntermediate (tudents Poca$u)ar# for Upper < ,ntermediate
(tudents.
H4 nV-
?Wi )X 2 nn% Kuan trhn% -X thc -{ nhbt cda $bt c~ m`t n%pn n%T nXo. Chcn% ta )upn cW cZm %iGc tiUn $` to )\n
-X rm rYt nhbt 2hi cW thi %iao tiUp )ju )oGt trnc tiUp $n% n%pn n%T nWi. 4heo tpi ^i hhc nWi cGc $In ^yn% KuG
-`i -Xn%. CW nhieu n%ji ma# mVn s|n% tron% mpi trjn% tiUn% 1nh n]n hh cW thi hhc nWi n%a# ty m\i $Vt ^Hu
hhc n%oIi n%T. 4u# nhi]n ^|i -\i phHn )\n mhi n%ji thR chcn% ta n]n cHn cW m`t nen tZn% n%pn n%T nhbt ^{nh
(ty -nn% n%T phGp phGt Jm cbu trcc cJu) at nhbt )X 6 thGn% trj\c 2hi $j\c -Xo m`t 2hWa hhc nWi thnc thS.
q|i -\i nhTn% n%ji 2hpn% cW ^ieu 2iYn s|n% ha# )Xm -iYc tron% mpi trjn% tiUn% 1nh thR ta n]n tranh thd
)u#Yn nWi nhj sau:
< 4_n dSn% t|i ^a nhTn% %i )u#Yn t_p tr]n )\p tIi cGc trun% tJm n%oIi n%T (t_p nWi cXn% nhieu -\i $In $ d )X
nhTn% cbu trcc ^n %iZn nhbt ^yn% ch thnc t_p Kua )oa chiUu )Y -R cXn% )u#Yn nWi nhieu ta cXn% nh\ $Xi )Ju hn
-X tIo ^jkc cho mRnh phZn CI nhanh nhn 2hi %fp nhTn% tRnh hu|n% tjn% tn tron% ^i s|n%).
< DhVc phSc tanh nhct nhGt -X sk sai cda mRnh. C~ mInh dIn nWi tiUn% 1nh $bt c~ 2hi nXo cW thi.
< 4Rm m`t $In hhc ha# nhWm hhc jn% g -X sVp CUp thi %ian hhc nhWm -\i nhau. CW nhieu $In hn nhau ^Un )\p
s\m "Q phct -X ch n%}i nWi chu#Yn $n% tiUn% 1nh -\i nhau mX thpi. qJ# )X m`t cGch hhc rbt t|t -X %icp nhau
cn% tiUn $`.
< 4ham %ia cGc cJu )Ic $` tiUn% 1nh -Xo cu|i tuHn.
H4 ng+P
qi n%he t|t m`t $Xi 2hWa tron% sGch tiUn% 1nh ta thjn% phZi trZi Kua cGc $j\c sau. 4rj\c 2hi n%he $In hr#
su# n%ht -e ^e tXi ^W ^i %icp $In hRnh dun% -X phGn ^oGn ^jkc nhTn% %R sVp n%he n%he g chanh trj\c ti]n ^i
trZ )i cJu hxi twn% KuGt n%he nhTn% ty chanh r}i ^oGn 2hpn% nhbt thiUt phZi n%he ra tyn% ty tyn% ty m`t sau
^W n%he )Ii nhieu )Hn ^i $iUt ^jkc cXn% nhieu chi tiUt cXn% t|t ^i cW thi hoXn tbt cGc cJu hxi tron% $Xi. 4u#Yt ^|i
2hpn% Cem trj\c n`i dun% $Xi 2hWa trj\c 2hi n%he. Ch 2hi n%he Con% r}i $In m\i -ya n%he -ya ^hc $Xi ^i
2iim tra )Ii -X hhc th]m ty m\i cn% nhj tn% cjn% cGc cGch dion ^It ha# cW tron% $Xi. 6In cn% n]n ^hc theo
$n% nhieu )Hn sau 2hi n%he Con% ^i )u#Yn phGt Jm -X nh\ $Xi t|t hn.
?%u#]n tVc chun% cho -iYc rn )u#Yn 2 nn% n%he hiYu KuZ )X n%he cXn% nhieu cXn% t|t. 4ranh thd mhi tXi )iYu
-X c h`i n%he cW thi (n%he $n% n%he nhIc n%he radio Cem 4P Cem phim M cW phS ^e tiUn% 1nh ). 4r]n
th{ trjn% hiYn na# cn% $Gn rbt nhieu sGch )u#Yn n%he tiUn% 1nh ^i $In cW thi tn hhc th]m nhX.
?%oXi ra cEn cW m`t cpn% cS -p cn% hTu hiYu ^i rn )u#Yn mhi 2 nn% cho n%ji hhc tiUn% 1nh n%X# na# ^W
chanh )X ,nternet. 6In cW thi ^hc $Go n%he tin t~c tRm tXi )iYu on)ine $n% tiUn% 1nh. ?%oXi ra tr]n ,nternet cEn
cW rbt nhieu tran% we$ cun% cbp cGc $Xi hhc tiUn% 1nh mion pha rbt thc -{ -X tiYn )ki. 4pi Cin %i\i thiYu m`t s|
tran% we$ ^i cGc $In cW thi tham 2hZo -X tn hhc th]m nhX.
B. T hc s em li nhng g?
Vng, t hc mang li cho bn rt nhiu th:
-Mt tinh thn ch ng trong hc t! "# rng h$n l# trong cuc %&ng
-'h( n)ng *oa+ %,, gi(i -u+.t "n
-'h( n)ng nh/n nhn "n
-0)ng lc tru+n th1ng, !h2$ng !h3! lun cho b(n thn
-'h( n)ng t2 4u+ %3ng to
-56nh t gi3c cao
-0im hng th7, %a+ m8
-'h( n)ng l29ng tr2:c c3c t/nh hu&ng
-; t tin
-V&n <i.n thc rng
-'h( n)ng hi=u bi.t chu+8n %u " mt l>nh "c
-56nh n)ng ng
-0h?ng th@ th3ch, u tranh ":i b(n thn
NT: n+ tB veng 4M/ 27n t+dt yT: _1z+/y 5cn g-9n 4+ 0 27n 1:,n -1&r6vP v64/2:0/ry 4M/ 1nn+z
< n+ong 4a4+ +4 tB veng 4+Cng t- 5g &Vt 4+/ &+ +J& v%-- 27nz
Hgy t+ 4@- ny SP1 ?/6 *F
MFi n%ji hhc cW m`t cGch ri]n% ^i hhc ty -nn%. ?hjn% tnu chun% )Ii chcn% ta cW m`t s| cGch hhc 2hG phw
$iUn -X hiYu KuZ nhj sau: Hhc ty m\i cW 2m theo n%hta $n% tiUn% m ^ Hhc ty m\i $n% cGch nhWm cGc
ty theo tyn% chd ^iim ty )oIi ha# m~c ^` sv dSn% Hhc ty m\i Kua -iYc )Xm cGc $Xi t_p -e ty -nn% ^i cW thi
$iUt sv dSn% ty m`t cGch chanh CGc Hhc ty m\i $n% cGch -iUt chcn% )]n cGc tbm th nh\ -X thjn% Cu#]n tn
2iim tra Cem ^r nh\ ^jkc cGc ty m\i ha# chja& -.- ?hTn% phjn% phGp 2i tr]n ^eu cW hiYu KuZ -X mFi
phjn% phGp ph hkp -\i tyn% ^|i tjkn% n%ji hhc -X tyn% cGch hhc 2hGc nhau. 4u# nhi]n cW m`t cGch hhc ty
-nn% rbt hiYu KuZ $In cW thi thv Gp dSn% tron% -iYc hhc ty m\i cda mRnh ^W )X tRm ra m|i Kuan hY %iTa cGc ty
r}i nhWm chcn% )Ii -\i nhau. Dhi tiUp c_n -\i cGc ty m\i $In hr# tRm Cem chcn% cW m|i Kuan hY %R -\i nhTn%
ty $In ^r $iUt 2hpn% ha# %iTa chcn% cW m|i Kuan hY %R 2hpn%& qJ# )X cGch %icp hhc -X %hi nh\ ty m\i rbt hiYu
KuZ. CW m`t s| Kuan hY %iTa cGc ty tron% tiUn% 1nh nhj sau: H#pon#m# (6ao n%hta) Chair (%hU tna) $ench
(%hU $n% tron% trjn% hhc) armchair (%hU $Xnh) $ar<stoo) (%hU ^u n%}i KuGn $ar) pew (%hU $n% tron% nhX
th) roc2in%<chair (%hU Cach ^u) dec2<chair (%hU -mn%) ^eu )X nhTn% ty ch %hU ha# chF n%}i (seat). PR -_# tbt
cZ chcn% ^eu cW )i]n Kuan ^Un nhau -R cn% cW )i]n Kuan ^Un ty $ao n%hta .seat0. hU tna (a chair) ha# %hU dXi
(a $ench) thR ^eu )X %hU (a seat) nhjn% %hU (seat) thR 2hpn% phZi nhbt thiUt )X chair ha# $ench. 4jn% tn nhj -_#
car (p tp con) $us (Ce $ugt) -an (Ce tZi nhx) tram (Ce ^iYn) )orr# (Ce tZi )\n) motor<c#c)e (Ce mG#) taCi (taCi)
^eu )X nhTn% ty ch phjn% tiYn %iao thpn%. 6In cn% s thb# -iYc %hi chp cGc ty theo hY th|n% mIn% )j\i nhj
sau rbt cW ach:
P\i nhTn% s ^} nhj tr]n $bt 2 2hi nXo cW ty m\i cn% nhWm $In cn% cW thi $w sun% ty ^W -Xo s ^} ty
-nn% cda mRnh m`t cGch do dXn%. 1nton#m# (4rGi n%hta) qJ# )X m|i Kuan hY cW tGc ^`n% rbt mInh ^Un -iYc %hi
nh\ ty -nn%. Chzn% hIn 2hi $In ^jkc hxi -e m`t ty )i]n Kuan ^Un hot: $In s trZ )i n%a# )X co)d: ch~ 2hpn%
phZi )X nhTn% ty nhj desert: sun: weather:. PR -_# $In s thb# -iYc %hi chp -X hhc ty theo tyn% cfp trGi
n%hta )X rbt hiYu KuZ. Chzn% hIn nhj: C)ines
(Cn% trjn% n%hta) ?hieu tanh ty mfc d 2hpn% phZi )X ty ^}n% n%hta nhjn% g n%hta cda chcn% )Ii %Hn nhau -R
cn% ch tanh chbt cda m`t sn -_t sn -iYc ha# hiYn tjkn%. PiYc %hi chp -X hhc ty theo trjn% n%hta cn%
ch~n% tx ^jkc sn hiYu KuZ cda nW. ?hTn% ty m\i s dHn ^jkc $w sun% -Xo danh mSc ty tron% KuG trRnh hhc. Pa
dS nhj 2hi nWi -e nhiYt ^` chcn% ta cW hXn% )oIt tanh ty ch m~c ^` ty nhiYt ^` thbp ^Un cao.
Hai ty $oi)in%: (spi) -X mi)d: (Jm bm) cW thi ^jkc $w sun% -Xo danh mSc ty nX#.
Co))ocation (CGch 2Ut hkp ty) CW nhTn% ty thjn% ^jkc 2Ut hkp -\i nhau thXnh m`t cSm ty cW n%hta nhj
perform a tas2: ma2e a su%%estion: do one:s homewor2: -.-. 6In cn% n]n hhc cGch %hi nh\ ty m\i theo
cGch nX# -R ^J# )X cGch hhc cW tanh ~n% dSn% cao -X $In cW thi nVm ^jkc cGch sv dSn% -X 2Ut hkp ty cW hY
th|n%. CGc ty s ^jkc %hi chp theo dIn% s ^} nhm mSc ^ach %hi nh\ -X %ki nh\ $n% hRnh Znh nhj s ^}
sau: qiim chun% cda tbt cZ nhTn% phjn% phGp %hi nh\ tr]n )X sv dSn% s ^} $iiu
^} ^i %hi chp ty m\i m`t cGch cW hY th|n% -X hRnh Znh. qW cn% )X ju ^iim -jkt tr`i cda phjn% phGp hhc ty
m\i nX# $i -iYc %hi nh\ $n% hRnh Znh do dXn% -X hiYu KuZ hn rbt nhieu so -\i $n% chT cGi. 6In cn% cW thi
sv dSn% cGc mXu sVc 2hGc nhau tron% s ^} ty -nn% cda mRnh -X hr# nh\ )X )upn %hi chp ty m\i m`t cGch cW hY
th|n%.
n% $Zn tin 2hGc:
1Q $a Ku#Ut hhc n%oIi n%T cda eo%re >ic2erin% 11.11.2Q11 1!:"2
icp $In tn tin %iao tiUp tiUn% 1nh 11.11.2Q11 1*:*3
4hv thGch -\i n%ji hhc tiUn% 1nh 1Q.11.2Q11 16:*3
M`t cGch %icp nJn% cao 2hZ nn% phGt Jm 1Q.11.2Q11 16:"Q
qi )b# ^iim cao tron% 2 thi nWi 1Q.11.2Q11 1*:*3
?Jn% cao 2 nn% cu|i cn% tron% KuG trRnh hhc tiUn% 1nhM (phHn 2) Q!.11.2Q11 2Q:QQ
?Jn% cao 2 nn% cu|i cn% tron% KuG trRnh hhc tiUn% 1nhM (phHn 1) Q!.11.2Q11 1!:*Q
@ 2inh n%hiYm hhc t|t tiUn% 1nh Q!.11.2Q11 1*:"@
@ tips for writin% in =n%)ishM @ mo nhx cho -iYc hhc PiUt tiUn% 1nh 2A.1Q.2Q11 2Q:*3
n )u#Yn 2 nn% n%he tiUn% 1nh hiYu KuZ 2@.1Q.2Q11 13:QQ
Hhc n%T phGp 4iUn% 1nh s 2hpn% cEn nhXm chGn nUu... 26.1Q.2Q11 1*:"Q
Dinh n%hiYm tron% KuG trRnh hhc -X pn thi ,=+4( (phHn 2) 23.1Q.2Q11 2Q:*Q
Dinh n%hiYm tron% KuG trRnh hhc -X pn thi ,=+4( (phHn 1) 23.1Q.2Q11 2Q:"Q
Chia s 2inh n%hiYm thi 4NL=+ i$t 23.1Q.2Q11 2Q:13
?Jn% cao t|c ^` ^hc hiiu tiUn% 1nh 23.1Q.2Q11 1@:QQ
P1 t-T&333
y 0 1Ht &+cng &+@& ny rat +/y v +-b: Q:93H4 t-Tng )n+ tB g,4 E+4 n+ # 5l/ trqF v +4 0 &+9-
Lng 5J4 E4+l _+ng n+ +4 ngo &+@&F3 CV ng- ngo &+@& rat g-;- n+ng _+- nV- 4+:ybn v%- ng-
29n ngo t+n n+ 2k 41 v 5-T4 3V 0 0>- 4M/ Q:@ trnn+ L7y t-Tng )n+ 4M/ <-bt N/13N+ng 2y g- 5-D:
5V _+ng Q:/n trng no/3 IntPrnPt 5g g-C& 4+Cng t/ 4V n+ong t- 0-b: v &+cng &+@& +4 t-n t-Tn n+at
t+T g-%-3
(au ^J# mRnh Cin trach m`t -Xi nh_n Ct cda nhTn% n%ji ^r hhc theo phjn% phGp nX# ^i cGc $In cdn% c|
th]m niem tin ^i ^i theo phjn% phGp nX#. ?%ji 2hGc )Xm ^jkc thR chcn% ta cn% )Xm ^jkc.CEn tiUn% 1nh
Kuan trhn% nhj thU nXo ^|i -\i tjn% )ai chcn% ta sau nX# thR 2hpn% phZi nWi th]m nTa r}i. CGc nh_n Ct ^J#:
qJ# )X chjn% trRnh hhc 1nh -n ^jkc ^Gnh %iG rbt cao $i tbt cZ nhTn% n%ji hhc tr]n toXn thU %i\i. P\i m`t
phjn% phGp 2hoa hhc nhTn% $Xi hhc ^jkc thiUt 2U s %icp $In %iao tiUp tiUn% 1nh thXnh thIo nhj m`t n%ji
$Zn n%T ch -\i 2hoZn% thi %ian n%Vn )u#Yn t_p ^eu ^fn. 4ron% $` ^ta tpi cun% cbp nX# s %}m cW tbt cZ cGc
)e-e) cda =ffort)ess =n%)ish -X ^fc $iYt )X chjn% trRnh ea) =n%)ish Con-ersation m\i ^jkc ra mVt cu|i thGn%
1Q/2QQA.
(n th_t )X nUu $In tiUp tSc sv dSn% cGch hhc %i|n% nhj $In ^an% hhc thR $In s 2hpn% $ao %i nWi tiUn% 1nh t|t
^jkc. 6In s )upn )upn %fp nhTn% -bn ^e 2hi nWi tiUn% 1nh. 4u# nhi]n ^r cW m`t phjn% phGp m\i. Dhi $In sv
dSn% m`t phjn% phGp ^cn% $In s cZi thiYn ^jkc 2hZ nn% nWi m`t cGch rbt do dXn%. (j th_t )X ch tron% -En%
6 thGn% $In s cW ^jkc 2hZ nn% nWi -nt tr`i 2hpn% thi tin ^jkc. 4h_m cha n%ji $Zn C~ cn% s hiiu ^jkc
$In m`t cGch do dXn%. 6In cn% s hiiu hh. Cu|i cn% $In s cZm thb# thj %iZn -ui - -X tn tin hn 2hi $In
nWi tiUn% 1nh do dXn%.
Dhi $In sv dSn% =ffort)ess =n%)ish $In s hhc ^jkc cGch nWi tiUn% 1nh do dXn% -X tn nhi]n.
CGc $Xi t_p -e n%T phGp )Xm $In cZm thb# $u}n chGn -X nZn cha cW phZi 2o& 6In ^an% )o )Vn% rn% th_t sn $In
s 2hpn% $ao %i sv dSn% ^jkc n%T phGp tiUn% 1nh m`t cGch chanh CGc&
qieu %R s CZ# ra nUu tpi nWi $In rn% Ku# tVc n%T phGp 2hpn% phZi )X chRa 2hWa ^i nWi tiUn% 1nh do dXn% hn
chanh CGc hn -X tn nhi]n hn&
?%ji hhc tiUn% 1nh %ixi nhbt ^W dt nhi]n phZi )X tr em. 4Ii sao -_#&
(n th_t )X -_# $i -R chcn% 2hpn% hhc n%T phGp -X chcn% 2hpn% hhc ty nhTn% cu|n sGch. Chcn% sv dSn% m`t
cGch hhc rbt ^fc $iYt -X .Ku# tVc0 cho -iYc hhc.
4pi %hi ^W )X @ Ku# tVc cda =ffort)ess =n%)ish.
qieu %R s CZ# ra nUu $In cW thi hhc ^jkc cGch phGt Jm tu#Yt -i nhbt m`t -|n -yn% r`n% rZi -X 2hZ nn% n%T
phGp tn nhi]n $In cW cZm thb# h~n% thc 2hpn%&
?Uu tpi cho $In $iUt rn% n%T phGp tiUn% 1nh thR rbt do hhc 2hi $In sv dSn% m`t cF mG# chun CGc )iYu $In cW
cZm thb# -ui 2hi hhc tiUn% 1nh 2o&
PJn% ^ieu ^W )X hoXn toXn ^cn%. ?%T phGp tiUn% 1nh thR do nhjn% ch 2hi $In hhc chanh CGc. PX cGch hhc
chanh CGc nhbt 2hpn% phZi )X hhc cGc Ku# tVc n%T phGp. 6In phZi hhc nhTn% phGp do dXn% -X at tWn cpn% ' %i|n%
nhj )X tr con -_#.
+earn =n%)ish =asi)#
4pi $Vt ^Hu =ffort)ess =n%)ish ^i %icp cGc $In nWi tiUn% 1nh do dXn% hn nhanh hn. Hr# tjn% tjkn% nUu tpi
ch cho $In nhTn% g 2iUn tu#Yt -i -X nhTn% cu`c n%hi]n c~u cda cGc chu#]n %ia hXn% ^Hu thU %i\i -X sv dSn%
chcn% ^i tIo ra rbt nhieu %i hhc hoXn toXn m\i ' )iYu nW cW )Xm $In h~n% thc 2o&
PJn% ^W chanh CGc )X ^ieu mX tpi ^r )Xm. =ffort)ess =n%)ish sv dSn% nhTn% $a 2ap ^i )Xm -iYc ' nhTn% g 2iUn
m\i nhbt cda nhTn% chu#]n %ia n%hi]n c~u -iYc hhc tiUn% 1nh hXn% ^Hu tr]n thU %i\i. Chjn% trRnh =ffort)ess
=n%)ish )X hoXn toXn m\i -X 2hGc $iYt. ?W th_t sn hoXn toXn 2hGc $iYt so -\i nhTn% cGch hhc cw ^iin mX $In ^r
sv dSn% chcn% tron% KuG 2hv.
4pi sv dSn% cSm ty .KuG 2h~0 ^i nhbn mInh rn% %i ^J# $In s ^jkc tiUp c_n -\i m`t phjn% phGp hhc hoXn
toXn m\i. 6In s chja $ao %i ^jkc hhc nhTn% %i hhc nhj thU M
qJ# )X nhTn% %R $In cW thi hhc 2hi $In mua d-d nX#:
CGch hhc 2hpn% thi tin ^nc +earn Poca$u)ar# and rammar 9ithout (tud#: +isten 8 1nswer Mini<(tories.
Hhc tiUn% 1nh m`t cGch tn nhi]n hoXn toXn 2o cW sn hhc ha# sn %hi nh\.
CGch hhc tiUn% 1nh chu#]n sJu s %icp $In sv dSn% tiUn% 1nh m`t cGch tn nhi]n. ?h\ ty -nn% -X n%T phGp
tiUn% 1nh mri mri ' -X sv dSn% chcn% m`t cGch tn nhi]n. 4n cZm thb# tu#Yt -e 2hZ nn% nWi cda mRnh.
CGch hhc tiUn% 1nh $n% con ^jn% thj %iZn Kua -iYc n%he nhTn% $Xi $Go tiUn% 1nh th_t sn -e nhTn% chd ^e
thc -{. 4jn% tjkn% cji ^a tron% )cc hhc.
CGch ^i $In trGnh -iYc hhc n%T phGp -X tha# -Xo ^W )X hhc n%T phGp nhj nhTn% ^~a tr ' m`t cGch tn nhi]n. qW
)X cGch hhc chanh cda tbt cZ $Xi hhc cda tpi.
?hTn% n%ji hhc trE Cubt sVc nhbt cda tpi hhc nhj thU nXo ' -X $n% cGch nXo $In cW thi hhc nhanh nhj -_#.
qi thXnh cpn% hr# sao chp cGch hhc thXnh cpn% nhbt cda n%ji 2hGc. Hhc cGch mX $In cW thi hhc ^jkc t|t
nhbt.
6n% cGch nXo ^i $In nJn% cao ^iim s| mpn nWi -X n%he cda i64 4N=L+ )]n 2Q "Q or e-en *Q. CGch
2iim tra m\i cda 4N=L+ ^Ei hxi rbt nhieu -e phHn n%he -X nWi ' tr n]n tu#Yt -i cZ haiM
6Xi hhc mX %icp $In hhc tiUn% 1nh nhanh %bp " ' 3 )Hn ' thR hhc anh hn ^n %iZn hn $n% cGch tha# ^wi cGch
hhc tiUn% 1nh cda $In.
6n% cGch nXo 2hi $In %fp % m`t n%ji nWi tiUn% 1nh 2hGc -X nWi chu#Yn -\i hh. fp % n%ji hhc tiUn% 1nh
thJn thiYn 2hGc %i|n% nhj $In.
1./.Ho%e < m`t %iZn% -i]n cW $n% Master of 4=(N+ (4eachin% =n%)ish to (pea2ers of Nther +an%ua%es) < ^r
tyn% %iZn% dI# nhieu trjn% ^Ii hhc tr]n thU %i\i. (au nhieu nm dI# 1nh n%T cho cGc sinh -i]n nj\c n%oXi
pn% nh_n thb# rn% phHn )\n cGc sinh -i]n ^eu 2hpn% %fp phZi 2hW 2hn %R 2hi hhc n%T phGp tiUn% 1nh 2hZ
nn% ^hc hiiu cda hh rbt t|t. Hh ^It ^iim n%T phGp rbt cao tron% cGc 2R thi 2iim tra. 4hU nhjn% 2hi trnc tiUp nWi
chu#Yn -\i cGc sinh -i]n pn% phGt hiYn rn% 2hZ nn% nWi tiUn% 1nh cda hh thR n%jkc )Ii 2hpn% ^jkc t|t.
HiYn tjkn% tr]n phGt sinh )X do phjn% phGp hhc t_p cda cGc sinh -i]n hiYn tIi chc trhn% KuG nhieu -Xo n%T
phGp. CGc thH# cp dI# 1nh n%T cGc )\p hhc cn% ^a phHn )X dI# n%T phGp hh ch )Xm mFi -iYc )X sva cho sinh
-i]n nhTn% )Fi n%T phGp mX 2hpn% chc trhn% t\i cGc 2 nn% 2hGc. qieu nX# ^r 2hiUn sinh -i]n man% m`t tJm
)g sk sai n%T phGp 2hi nWi tiUn% 1nh. 4rj\c 2hi nWi m`t cJu tiUn% 1nh hh thjn% sVp CUp cGc g n%ht tron% ^Hu
chhn )na ty n%T r}i sVp CUp chcn% theo ^cn% cGc Ku# tVc n%T phGp 2hiUn hh nWi tiUn% 1nh 2hpn% ^jkc tn nhi]n.
qi 2hVc phSc ^iim #Uu nX# cho cGc sinh -i]n nWi ri]n% -X cho nhTn% n%ji hhc 1nh n%T nWi chun%. 1./.Ho%e
^r phGt triin m`t phjn% phGp hhc t_p %icp nJn% cao 2hZ nn% nWi tiUn% 1nh. >hjn% phGp hhc t_p nX# t_p
trun% nhieu -Xo 2 nn% n%he 1nh n%T. PX 2hi 2hZ nn% n%he cda $In ^jkc nJn% cao thR 2hZ nn% nWi cn% do
dXn% phGt triin. >hjn% phGp hhc t_p nX# Gp dSn% theo cGch tiUp c_n n%pn n%T cda m`t ^~a tr. qW )X hhc n%he
trj\c. Dhi $In n%he tiUn% 1nh tr n]n Kuen thu`c $In s nWi ra m`t cGch tn nhi]n 2hpn% phZi trZi Kua m`t $j\c
trun% %ian )X d{ch chcn% tron% ^Hu ty n%pn n%T m ^ san% tiUn% 1nh.
?hTn% n%ji hhc tiUn% 1nh -X n%pn n%T %ixi nhbt )X tr con: tr nhx hhc tiUn% 1nh theo KuG trRnh tn nhi]n. PX
=ffort)ess =n%)ish )X 1 hY th|n% phjn% phGp du# nhbt tr]n thU %i\i tIo ra 1 KuG trRnh hhc tiUn% 1nh tn nhi]n
nhJn tIo cho n%ji )\n. ?hjkc ^iim )\n nhbt -X cn% )X cGi 2hW nhbt cda =ffort)ess =n%)ish (==) ^W )X ^Ei hxi
n%ji hhc cHn cW 1 sn 2i]n trR Ku#Ut tJm cao ^`. 6i ) n%ji hhc phZi n%he ^i n%he )Ii cGc $Xi hhc cda ==
tron% -En% 1 ' 2 tuHn n%he at nhbt 1h/n%X#.
4u# nhi]n nUu cW ^d 2i]n trR theo cGc $Xi hhc sau 6 thGn% $In s cZm nh_n ^jkc hiYu KuZ cda nW. =ffort)ess
=n%)ish )X phjn% phGp hiYu KuZ nhbt -X ^cn% nhbt mX chcn% ta 2hpn% thi thiUu nUu mu|n hhc tiUn% 1nh thnc
sn. MRnh ^r hhc theo phjn% phGp nX# ^jkc 6 thGn% -X mRnh thb# nW rbt cW hiYu KuZ ^fc $iYt )X tron% phHn chia
^cn% ^`n% ty 1 cGch tn ^`n% 2hi nWi phGt Jm cn% $_t ^jkc Jm cu|i cda ty -iYc nWi cn% tn nhi]n -X thoZi mGi
hn ch~ 2hpn% ${ c~n% nhj trj\c. ?%ji hhc theo phjn% phGp nX# )Ju nhbt )X ch{ ?%u#Yt (chd t{ch P==C) -\i
thi %ian tanh ^Un na# )X 11 thGn%. Ch{ ^r -X ^an% Gp dSn% phjn% phGp nX# ^i ^ja -Xo dI# tron% )\p hhc tiUn%
1nh cda mRnh -X hhc sinh cda ch{ ^r tiUn $` rbt nhanh.
?Uu $In ^r ^hc $Xi -iUt nX# tpi tin chVc $In cn% )X n%ji chm ch mu|n ^Hu tj cho tiUn% 1nh 1 cGch thnc sn.
6In ^r cZm thb# tn tin do dXn% tron% 2hi %iao tiUp chja& 6In cW thi nWi nhanh mX 2hpn% cHn su# n%ht -e $bt c~
Ku# tVc n%T phGp phGt Jm nXo chja& ?Uu cJu trZ )i )X chja thR hr# ^Um )Ii Cem $In hhc tiUn% 1nh ^jkc mb#
nm r}i& ?Uu $In $Vt ^Hu hhc tiUn% 1nh ty cbp 1 -X $J# %i $In )X sinh -i]n -_# thR $In ^r ^Hu tj 1Q nm ^i
hhc tiUn% 1nh theo phjn% phGp tru#en th|n%. 6J# %i 6In cW mu|n tiUp tSc mbt thi %ian th]m 3 nm ha# 1Q
nm nTa ^i hhc theo phjn% phGp c&
=ffort)ess =n%)ish ch ra cfn 2 nhTn% %R $In ^r ${ hhc sai 2hi dn% phjn% phGp tru#en th|n% tr]n )\p th_m
cha )X tron% cGc trun% tJm tiUn% 1nh nwi tiUn%. Chanh -R thU mX $J# %i $In -un %fp 2hW 2hn tron% 2hi %iao
tiUp. P_# hr# thv $Vt ^Hu -\i =ffort)ess =n%)ish nhM
+Xm thU nXo ^i sv dSn%CGc $Xi hhc
MFi chd ^e cW at nhbt * $Xi hhc 2hGc nhau. 4bt cZ cGc $Xi hhc tron% m`t chd ^e cW cn% t]n-a dS (ecret +o-e.
?hTn% $Xi hhc ^i -\i nhau. MFi n%X# $In s )Vn% n%he tbt cZ nhTn% $Xi hhc tron% m`t chd ^e (tbtcZ cGc $Xi hhc
cW cn% t]n). 6In s )Vn% n%he cGc $Xihhc ch cW m`t thiUt )_p.
6In s )Vn% n%he ch cWm`t thiUt )_p cho m`t tuHn hofc nhieu hn.
qieu nX# )X rbt Kuantrhn%. 6In s ch cZi thiYn m`tcGch nhanh chWn% nUu $In thnc hiYn theo phjn% phGp nX# <
m`t tron% nhTn% $Xihhc thiUthXn% n%X# < cn% m`t $Xi hhc thiUt mFi n%X# cho m`t tuHn (hofc hn).
M`t s| $` cW nhieu hn *$Xi hhc.
?hTn% )oIi $Xi hhc tron%mFi $` -X )Xm thU nXo $In n]n sv dSn% chcn%&
l 1 4eCt 1rtic)e (1do$e. >df fi)e)
qhc cGc $Xi -iUt -X CemCt cGc danh sGch ty nUu cW. Dhpn% n]nhhc nW. qyn% c| %Vn% %hi nh\ nW.
Ch cHn ^hc nW m`t -Xi)Hn mFi n%X# -X Cem )Ii cGc ty m\i (m`t cGch thoZi mGi). (v dSn% ty ^iin ^i d{ch cGc ty
2hW 2hn nUu cHnthiUt.
l 6Xi 4y -nn% Poca$u)ar# +esson (M>")
Ch cHn n%he. qyn% c| %Vn% ^i %hi nh\ cGc ty. Ch cHn n%he $Xi hhc nX# 1<" )Hn mFi n%X# tron%at nhbt m`t tuHn.
l lMini<(tor# +essons (M>")
qJ# )X $Xi hhc mInh m nhbt. +Hn ^Hu ti]n ch cHn )Vn% n%he. (au ^W )Vn% n%he -X tIm dyn% sau mFi cJu hxi.
4rZ )i to tyn% cJu hxi tron% tiUn% 1nh sau ^W )Xm m`t )Hn nTa. 4iUp tSc tIm dyn% -X trZ )i sau mFi cJu hxi.
qyn% )o )Vn% nUu $In 2hpn% hiiu tbt cZ mhi th~. qyn% )o )Vn% -e nhTn% sai )Hm.
4ron% Mini<(tor# tpi s)Xm ch cW $a ^ieu:
1. 4pi s )Xm cho m`t tu#]n $|. (au 2hi tu#]n $| ch cHn nWi 1hhhhhofc Nhhhh.
2. 4pi s hxi m`t cJu hxi mX $In $iUt cJu trZ )i. Ch cHn trZ )i cJu hxi. 6In 2hpn% cHn cJu trZ )i -\i m`t cJu.
6In cW thi trZ )i -\i m`t hofc hai ty du# nhbt.
". 4pi s hxi m`t cJu hxi mX $In 2hpn% $iUt cJu trZ)i. Hr# phxn% ^oGn. +a to sn phxn% ^oGn ^W n%a# )_p t~c.
M`t )Hn nTa $In cW thi^oGn ch -\i m`t (hofc -Xi) ty. CJu hoXn chnh )X 2hpn%cHn thiUt.
Dhi $In trZ )i m`t cJu hxi ^yn% )o )Vn% -e cJu trZ )i chanhCGc. ?Wi m`t cJu trZ )i ^cn% -X chanh CGc 2hpn%
Kuantrhn%. qieu Kuan trhn% nhbt )Xt|c ^`. C| %Vn% trZ )i rbtnhanh (remem$er one word is fine). 4|c ^` )X mSc
ti]u cda $In. 6In mu|n nhanh chWn% trZ )i n%Vn 2hpn% )Ju cJu trZ )iM Dhi m\i $Vt ^Hu^ieu nX# cW thi 2hW
2hn. qW )X chu#Yn $Rnh thjn%. (v dSn% cGc nct .tIm dyn%0 cda $In.
Cu|i cn% c| %Vn% trZ)i n%a# )_p t~c mX 2hpn% sv dSn% nct tIm dyn% cda $In (^ieu nX# cW thi mbthai tuHn
hofc th_m cha hn).
?%he $Xi hhc nX# nhieu)Hn mFi n%X# tron% at nhbt m`t tuHn. 4he<(tor# Mini )X rbt Kuan trhn% tron% hY th|n% $Xi
hhc =ffort)ess=n%)ish. ?%he nhTn% $Xi hhc nX#nhieu nhbt.
l 1udio 1rtic)e (M>")
Ch cHn n%he. 4hj %irn -X t_n hjn% nW. ?%he nW -Xi )Hn mFi n%X# tron% at nhbt m`t tuHn. MSc ti]u cda $In )X
hiiu 1QQ n%a# )_p t~c -X tn^`n%.
M`t s| chd ^e cn% cW:
l >oint of Piew Mini<(tories
qJ# )X m`t cGch ^i cZithiYn sn )ju )oGt n%T phGp mX 2hpn% cHn hhc. Ch cHn )Vn% n%he m`t cGch cn th_n. 4hj
%ian. Dhpn% su# n%ht -e Ku# tVc n%T phGp.
l Commentaries
qJ# )X nhTn% cu`c $Xn)u_n th]m -e chd ^e nX#. Chcn% cW - rbt 2hW 2hn.
?Uu chcn% cW - KuG 2hW 2hn $x Kua chcn%. ?hTn% $Xi hhc )u_n )X 4 [U1? 4? ?H4 tron%hY th|n%
=ffort)ess =n%)ish. 6In cW thi $x Kua chcn%nUu cZm thb# chcn% KuG 2hW 2hn.
4u# nhi]n nUu $In hiiu^jkc @3 hofc nhieu hn ... hr# n%he. 6In cW thi s 2hpn% hiiu tbt cZ mhi th~ < ^W
)Xchu#Yn $Rnh thjn%. Ch cHn thj %irn -X )Vn% n%he. 4_p trun% -Xo nhTn% g tjn% chun% -X thpn% tin2hpn%
phZi )X n%pn n%T. C| %Vn%
hiiu ^jkc g chanh. ?%he $Xi hhc nX# m`t -Xi )Hn mFi n%X# tron% atnhbt m`t tuHn.
CCH ?H= CC 6,:
1. qHu ti]n ^hc $Xi -iUt -n $Zn. 4Rm hiiu -X Cem Ct nW 2hpn% hhcnW. qyn% c| %Vn% %hi nh\ nW.
2. ?%he cGc 6Xi hhc ty -nn% m`t -Xi )Hn
". ?%he cGc< Mini (tor# nhieu )Hn
*. ?%he >oint of Piew Mini<(tories nUu cW m`t m`t -Xi )Hn.
3. ?%he nhieu )Hn 1udio
6. +Vn% n%he Commentaries(nUu cW m`t -X nUu $In cW thi hiiu nW).
+{ch hhc t_p
=ffort)ess tiUn% 1nh )Xm`t hY th|n% hhc t_p sJu. 6In s hhc mFi $Xi hhcrbt t|t. 6In s thj %irn^i ty ty-X hhc
nWi tiUn% 1nh m`t cGch do dXn% -X tn ^`n%.
+{ch trRnh n%hi]n c~ut|t nhbt )X nhj sau:
l Hhc m`t chd ^e cho m`t tuHn hofc nhieu hn. qcn% ch cW m`t thiUt )_p cho at nhbt m`t tuHn. ?Uu $In cZm
thb# chGn
)Xm cho m`t trE chi-\i Mini (tor# < c| %Vn% trZ )i tyn%cJu hxi nhanh hn -X nhanh hn.
l MFi n%X# )Vn% n%hetbt cZ cGc $Xi hhc tron% t_p $Xi hhc. Hr# c| %Vn% )Vn% n%he tyn% $Xi hhc (tron% Ku# ^{nh)
at nhbt hai )Hn mFi n%X#. +Vn% n%he tyn% $Xi hhctron% chd ^e mFi n%X# < cho at nhbt m`ttuHn.
6In n]n )fp )Ii mFi $Xi hhc at nhbt 2Q )Hn. "Q hofc nhieu )Hn cho mFi $Xi hhc t|t nhbt. Hr# nh\ rn% cGc Mini
(tor# -X >NP >oint of Piew Mini<(tories )X Kuan trhn% nhbt.
l ?%he at nhbt m`t %imFi n%X#. Hai %i mFi n%X# )X t|tnhbt. t|t nhbt $In n]n phJn chia thi %ian n%he cda $In
tron% n%X#. Pa dS $In cW thi )Vn% n%he "Q phct -Xo $uwisGn% "Q phct ^i )Xm -iYc"Q phct tron% $Ta n trja "Q
phct ^i -e nhX -X "Qphct trj\c 2hi ^i n%d. 4ron% thnc tU ^ieu nX# )Xm`t cGch tu#Yt -i ^i tRm hiiu.
l 4hj %irn:) qyn% su#n%ht -e Ku# tVc n%T phGp. Ch cHn n%he nhTn% $Xi hhc -X thjn% th~c. Dhpn% cW Gp )nc.
6In ch cHn )Vn% n%he -X trZ )i cGc cJu hxi (svdSn% nct tIm dyn%) .. ?Uu $In cW rVc r|i^W )X$Rnh thjn%. Ch
cHn thj %irn tr -e ^Hu -X )Vn% n%henhieu hn . ?%he Kuan trhn% nhbt
H4 &+@t 1
>hGt Jm 2hpn% ^cn% )X m`t tron% nhTn% ^iim #Uu )\n nhbt cda s| ^pn% n%ji hhc tiUn% 1nh. Hhc phGt Jm )X
m`t phHn cnc 2 Kuan trhn% -R cW nWi ^cn% thR m\i n%he t|t -X tru#en ^It g tjn% cda mRnh ^Un n%ji n%he
chanh CGc nhbt. qfc $iYt ^|i -\i nhTn% n%ji m\i $Vt ^Hu hhc tiUn% 1nh phGt Jm chun )X ju ti]n hXn% ^Hu ^i
trGnh nhTn% )Fi sai rbt 2hW sva -e sau nX#. 4rj\c 2hi nWi ha# ta cHn hhc cGch nWi ^cn% trj\c ^r.
L- _+:yn: CGc $In cHn nVm -Tn% HY th|n% >hi]n Jm [u|c tU (,nternationa) >honetic (#m$o)s < ,>() cW in
^n% sau cGc cu|n ty ^iin -X t_p thWi Kuen )upn )upn tra c~u phi]n Jm mFi 2hi $Vt %fp m`t ty m\i ^i cW thi phGt
Jm ^cn% nhbt. ?%oXi %i hhc tr]n )\p -\i cGc thH# cp cGc $In n]n tn hhc phGt Jm nhX Kua phHn mem (peech
(o)utions -X tham 2hZo th]m phHn phGt Jm cda ^ta C;<NM Cam$rid%e 1d-anced +earners: ;ictionar# ^jkc
$X# $Gn rbt nhieu tIi cGc cva hXn% -i tanh.
H4 tB veng
?%u#]n tVc hhc ty -nn% phw $iUn )X hhc tron% cSm ty tron% cJu trGnh hhc ty chUt. Pa dS hhc ty .corner0 phZi
hhc tron% nhWm ty .on the corner of0 hhc .interested0 phZi nh\ cSm .$e interested in0 thR m\i $iUt cGch ^ft cJu
cho ^cn%.
qi nh\ ^jkc ty -nn% thR 2hpn% cW cGch nXo hiYu KuZ $n% cGch sv dSn% chcn%. M`t cGch hhc thpn% minh )X $In
hr# c| %Vn% .chen0 nhTn% ty -ya m\i hhc -Xo 2hi t_p nWi ha# 2hi t_p -iUt emai) $n% tiUn% 1nh. CW thi )cc ^Hu
$In cEn rbt )cn% tcn% -X thiUu tn nhi]n nhjn% chanh nhTn% )cc nhj -_# $In s nh\ ty ^jkc nhieu nhbt -X theo
thi %ian $In s sv dSn% ^jkc n%X# cXn% nhieu ty -nn% ha# m`t cGch thXnh thIo. C|t )mi -bn ^e ^J# chanh )X
$In ^an% tn %icp mRnh tIo ra nhTn% tRnh hu|n% ^i cW thi sv dSn% n%a# nhTn% ty m\i hhc. 6In 2hpn% nhbt thiUt
phZi -iUt ty ra %ib# nhieu )Hn -R -iYc nX# ch %icp $In nh\ ^jkc chanh tZ cda ty mX thpi.
6In cn% cHn )upn man% theo m`t cu|n sw nhx %hi chp ty -nn% m\i $]n mRnh ^i tranh thd hhc 2hi rZnh rFi.
Hr# ^ft cho mRnh mSc ti]u mFi n%X# hhc -Xi ty t# theo 2hZ nn% cda mRnh -X nh\ )X pn t_p thjn% Cu#]n theo
^{nh 2R (" n%X# 1 tuHn ha# m`t thGn%). C| %Vn% pn )Ii ty -nn% ^r hhc at nhbt )X " )Hn m\i cW thi nh\ t|t ^jkc
chcn%.
qi g cGch trRnh $X# ty -nn%: sv dSn% nhieu mXu -iUt 2hGc nhau - hRnh ha# s ^} theo chd ^e cXn% nhieu cXn%
t|t.
HiYn na# tr]n th{ trjn% cW rbt nhieu sGch tn hhc ty -nn% rbt ha#. 4pi Cin %i\i thiYu cGc $In tham 2hZo $` sGch
sau: 6asic Poca$u)ar# in Use Poca$u)ar# for ,ntermediate (tudents Poca$u)ar# for Upper < ,ntermediate
(tudents.
H4 nV-
?Wi )X 2 nn% Kuan trhn% -X thc -{ nhbt cda $bt c~ m`t n%pn n%T nXo. Chcn% ta )upn cW cZm %iGc tiUn $` to )\n
-X rm rYt nhbt 2hi cW thi %iao tiUp )ju )oGt trnc tiUp $n% n%pn n%T nWi. 4heo tpi ^i hhc nWi cGc $In ^yn% KuG
-`i -Xn%. CW nhieu n%ji ma# mVn s|n% tron% mpi trjn% tiUn% 1nh n]n hh cW thi hhc nWi n%a# ty m\i $Vt ^Hu
hhc n%oIi n%T. 4u# nhi]n ^|i -\i phHn )\n mhi n%ji thR chcn% ta n]n cHn cW m`t nen tZn% n%pn n%T nhbt ^{nh
(ty -nn% n%T phGp phGt Jm cbu trcc cJu) at nhbt )X 6 thGn% trj\c 2hi $j\c -Xo m`t 2hWa hhc nWi thnc thS.
i vi nhng ngi khng c iu kin sng hay lm vic trng mi trng ti!ng "nh th# ta n$n tranh th%
luyn ni nh sau&
< 4_n dSn% t|i ^a nhTn% %i )u#Yn t_p tr]n )\p tIi cGc trun% tJm n%oIi n%T (t_p nWi cXn% nhieu -\i $In $ d )X
nhTn% cbu trcc ^n %iZn nhbt ^yn% ch thnc t_p Kua )oa chiUu )Y -R cXn% )u#Yn nWi nhieu ta cXn% nh\ $Xi )Ju hn
-X tIo ^jkc cho mRnh phZn CI nhanh nhn 2hi %fp nhTn% tRnh hu|n% tjn% tn tron% ^i s|n%).
< DhVc phSc tanh nhct nhGt -X sk sai cda mRnh. C~ mInh dIn nWi tiUn% 1nh $bt c~ 2hi nXo cW thi.
< 4Rm m`t $In hhc ha# nhWm hhc jn% g -X sVp CUp thi %ian hhc nhWm -\i nhau. CW nhieu $In hn nhau ^Un )\p
s\m "Q phct -X ch n%}i nWi chu#Yn $n% tiUn% 1nh -\i nhau mX thpi. qJ# )X m`t cGch hhc rbt t|t -X %icp nhau
cn% tiUn $`.
< 4ham %ia cGc cJu )Ic $` tiUn% 1nh -Xo cu|i tuHn.
H4 ng+P
qi n%he t|t m`t $Xi 2hWa tron% sGch tiUn% 1nh ta thjn% phZi trZi Kua cGc $j\c sau. 4rj\c 2hi n%he $In hr#
su# n%ht -e ^e tXi ^W ^i %icp $In hRnh dun% -X phGn ^oGn ^jkc nhTn% %R sVp n%he n%he g chanh trj\c ti]n ^i
trZ )i cJu hxi twn% KuGt n%he nhTn% ty chanh r}i ^oGn 2hpn% nhbt thiUt phZi n%he ra tyn% ty tyn% ty m`t sau
^W n%he )Ii nhieu )Hn ^i $iUt ^jkc cXn% nhieu chi tiUt cXn% t|t ^i cW thi hoXn tbt cGc cJu hxi tron% $Xi. 4u#Yt ^|i
2hpn% Cem trj\c n`i dun% $Xi 2hWa trj\c 2hi n%he. Ch 2hi n%he Con% r}i $In m\i -ya n%he -ya ^hc $Xi ^i
2iim tra )Ii -X hhc th]m ty m\i cn% nhj tn% cjn% cGc cGch dion ^It ha# cW tron% $Xi. 6In cn% n]n ^hc theo
$n% nhieu )Hn sau 2hi n%he Con% ^i )u#Yn phGt Jm -X nh\ $Xi t|t hn.
?%u#]n tVc chun% cho -iYc rn )u#Yn 2 nn% n%he hiYu KuZ )X n%he cXn% nhieu cXn% t|t. 4ranh thd mhi tXi )iYu
-X c h`i n%he cW thi (n%he $n% n%he nhIc n%he radio Cem 4P Cem phim M cW phS ^e tiUn% 1nh ). 4r]n
th{ trjn% hiYn na# cn% $Gn rbt nhieu sGch )u#Yn n%he tiUn% 1nh ^i $In cW thi tn hhc th]m nhX.
?%oXi ra cEn cW m`t cpn% cS -p cn% hTu hiYu ^i rn )u#Yn mhi 2 nn% cho n%ji hhc tiUn% 1nh n%X# na# ^W
chanh )X ,nternet. 6In cW thi ^hc $Go n%he tin t~c tRm tXi )iYu on)ine $n% tiUn% 1nh. ?%oXi ra tr]n ,nternet cEn
cW rbt nhieu tran% we$ cun% cbp cGc $Xi hhc tiUn% 1nh mion pha rbt thc -{ -X tiYn )ki. 4pi Cin %i\i thiYu m`t s|
tran% we$ ^i cGc $In cW thi tham 2hZo -X tn hhc th]m nhX.
(ju 4Hm 1nh Pn iao 4iUp
4in m\i hn:
Q@/Q"/2Q11 Q":2@ < >hjn% phGp n%he hiYu KuZ
Q@/Q"/2Q11 Q":23 < qi %ixi tiUn% 1nh < 2hpn% 2hW chct nXo
Q@/Q"/2Q11 Q":2" < Hhc n%oIi n%T nWi chun% -X nWi ri]n%...
Q*/Q"/2Q11 Q":2* < hi nh\ < m`t phjn% phGp hhc tiUn% anh hiYu KuZ
Q*/Q"/2Q11 Q":22 < CGch )u#Yn n%he tiUn% 1nh
4in c hn:
Q*/Q"/2Q11 Q":1! < 6a Ku#Ut tr thXnh m`t n%ji n%he thpn% minh
Q*/Q"/2Q11 Q":1@ < +Xm %iXu -|n ty -nn% 2hi hhc tiUn% 1nh
Q*/Q"/2Q11 Q":16 < 4n hhc tiUn% 1nh thU nXo ^i cW hiYu KuZ&
Q*/Q"/2Q11 Q":13 < 1Q )i 2hu#]n hTu ach ^i nWi -X -iUt tiUn% 1nh
Q*/Q"/2Q11 Q":1" < @ 2inh n%hiYm hhc t|t tiUn% 1nh
(4rach ^oIn $Xi -iUt cda iGo sj +] DhGnh 6n% -X 4iUn st ?%u#on Pn 4j)
o Hhc n%oIi n%T cW chbt )jkn% )X nVm ^jkc 3 2t nn% sau: n%he nWi ^hc -iUt -X su# n%ht $n% n%oIi n%T
nhj n%ji $Zn ^{a
o Hhc n%oIi n%T %Hn %i|n% nhj tr em hhc nWi: hhc n%oIi n%T phZi $Vt chj\c )X chanh
o Mu|n hoc n%oIi n%T cW hiYu KuZ phZi tIo ^jkc -n% n%oIi n%T tron% -x nro :
+cc hhc ch ^jkc n%ht -X nWi $n% n%oIi n%T ^i chd ^`n% ~c chU trun% 2hu tiUn% m ^. CW nhj -_#m\i tIo
)_p ^jkc m`t -n% n%oIi n%T wn ^{nh^d mInh ^i 2hpn% ${ trun% 2hu tiUn% m ^i ~c chU hofc CoG $x
>hZi )fp ^i )fp )Ii nhieu )Hn tron% m`t thi %ian nhbt ^{nh.Chzn% hIn sGn% na# $In hhc ^jkc m`t cJu m\i nhm
-Xi )Hnchieu )Ii nhVc )Ii sGn% hpm sau )Ii nhVc )Ii m`t )Hn nTa.
Dhi nWi phZi su# n%ht $n% n%oIi n%Tnhbt thiUt 2hpn% ^jkc n%ht tiUn% m ^i r}i d{ch ra n%oIi n%T tron% Wc
Cn% )cc mVt nhRn miYn% nWi tai n%he ta# -iUt ra cJu ty ^an% hhc
Dhi hhc )cc ^Hu phZi ^hc to -X rm nhj cu|c 2]u nhjn% ch_m rri sau ^W phZi ^hc nhx dHn -X nhanh dHn r}i ^Un
cnc nhanh r}i ^Un m~c ^` ch ^hc tron% Wc mX thpi
Dhi $In ^r nWi ^jkc nhanh (d chja hoXn toXn chun CGc) phZn ~n% nhanh -\i tRnh hu|n% %Hn nhj n%ji $Zn
^{a n%hta )X ^r cW ^jkc m`t -n% n%oIi n%T wn ^{nh tron% -x nro thR -iYc du# trR nW 2hpn% t|n nhieu cpn% s~c
nTa. PX nh -n% n%oIi n%T nX# mX $In cW thi hhc th]m nhieu n%oIi n%T nTa thu_n )ki hn nhieu
o >hjn% phGp hhc nWi
6In cW nWi -X phGt Jm chun thR n%he m\i chanh CGc ^jkc
6In hr# t_p nWi m`t mRnhtjn% tjkn% tron% m`t -n cZnh nXo ^W ha# ^an% n%}i nWi chu#Yn -\i ai -e m`t ^e
tXi nXo ^W.
H`i thoIi -\i $In $ $n% n%oIi n%T cHn nWi ^cn% -X nWi to
6In cn% n]n thjn% Cu#]n t_p su# n%ht tron% ^Hu $n% n%oIi n%T -e nhTn% sn -iYc mX $In ^{nh nWi ^Un
o >hjn% phGp rn )u#Yn 2 nn% su# n%ht $n% n%oIi n%T
(u# n%ht $n% n%oIi n%T )X nn% )nc hRnh dun% ^jkc n%oIi n%T ^W tron% ^Hu mX 2hpn% phZi trZi Kua %iai ^oIn
d{ch san% tiUn% m ^. Dhpn% cW 2hZ nn% nX# n%ji hhc phZi chu#in ty tiUn% nj\c n%oXi san% tiUn% m ^
m\i hiiu r}i m\i cW g niYm trZ )i $n% tiUn% m ^ sau )Ii d{ch ra n%oIi n%T ^i trZ )i. PiYc ^W ch_m -X )cc
%iao tiUp thR 2hpn% )ju )oGt.
4jn% tn -\i ^hc -X -iUt s %iZm t|c ^` nhieu nUu 2hpn% su# n%ht ^jkc $n% n%oIi n%T. 6i -_# sau ^J# )X
m`t s| phjn% phGp chanh:
Dhi hhc cGc ty c| %Vn% )i]n tjn% %Vn chT -iUtJm thanh cda ty -\i hRnh dGn% cda -_t 2hGi niYm )i]n tjn%
cJu -\i -n cZnh
Hr# chbp nh_n cGch dion ^It cda n%ji $Zn n%T
M`t hXnh ^`n% )i nWi ^jkc )fp ^i )fp )Ii nhieu )Hn do 2hVc sJu -X hRnh thXnh phZn CI cW ^ieu 2iYn
4|c ^` nhanh ^i n%ji ^hc 2hpn% cW thi %ian d{ch ra tiUn% m ^.Pa dS : qhc hiiu m`t $Xi 2hoG ^Hu ti]n )X 2
phct sau %iZm dHn Cu|n% cEn "Q %iJ# ha# at hn
?Uu cW ^ieu 2iYn tham %ia cGc h`i n%h{ C+6 nWi chu#Yn -\i n%ji nj\c n%oXi^hc sGch $Go Cem phim $n%
n%oIi n%T )j\t cGc tran% we$ $w ach cda nj\c n%oXi
Chcc cGc $In thXnh cpn%