Bng thng knh truyn ? Thc s khi nim ny c tho lun kh nhiu trn cc din n vin thng ri.

. V cng c rt nhiu cuc tranh ci v n. Mnh xin trch vo y 1 khi nim v Bng thng knh truyn. Bng thng ca mt knh truyn (Bandwidth) Bi v mt tn hiu bt k c th c xem nh l mt s kt hp ca mt chui cc sng hnh sin, nn ta c th xem rng, s truyn ti mt tn hiu bt k tng ng vi vic truyn ti cc sng hnh sin thnh phn. V tn s ca chng l khc nhau, chng c th n ni vi suy gim l khc nhau, mt trong s chng c th khng cn nhn ra c. Nu ta nh ngha mt ngng cn nghe c A0, th tt c cc tn hiu hnh sin c tn s nh hn f1 c xem nh b mt. Tng t cc tn hiu c tn s ln hn f2 cng c xem l b mt. Nhng tn hin c th nhn ra c bn nghe l cc tn hiu c tn s nm gia f1 v f2. Khon tn s ny c gi l bng thng ca mt knh truyn. Ni mt cc khc, vi mt tn hiu phc tp bt k, tn hiu ny s truyn ti c nu nh tn s ca cc sng hnh sin thnh phn ca n c tn s nm trong khong bng thng ca knh truyn. Chng ta cng nhn thy rng, bng thng cng ln th cng c nhiu tn hiu c truyn n ni. Chnh v th chng ta thng quan tm n cc knh truyn c bng thng rng V d: rng bng thng ca knh truyn in thoi l 3100Hz v cc tn hiu m thanh c th nghe c nm khong tn s t 300 Hz n 3400 Hz.

==>Mnh c th v d cho bn th ny: Khi bn ht ln, ni nhanh, ni thm, ni chm th d bn c c gng th no th ting ni ca bn cng pht ra nm di tn 20Hz- 3,5Khz ==> v chnh l bng thng ca tn hiu ting ni ===>Vy bng thng l di tn s c gii hn bi tn s Fmin v Fmax cha tt c cc tn s thuc tn hiu cn truyn i (c th c tho lun v bng thng ti y. Bng tn hay di tn: Cng c gii hn bi tn s Fmax v Fmin nhng bng tn ko gn vi 1 knh truyn hay 1 tn hiu no c, n n thun l 1 di tn s m cho php cc h thng c th s dng thu pht tn hiu (vic quy nh qun l di tn l rt quan trng trnh s can nhiu ca cc h thng vi nhau, vic cp pht bng tn do cc bo v tn s quy nh bt k 1 c nhn hay tp th no s dng di tn v cng sut pht qu ln nh hng n cc h thng khc m ko xin php cc tn s u vi phm php lut (ko tin bn th xem)). Sng mang cao tn: Trong khi nim v iu ch nh sau : iu ch l qu trnh ghi tin tc vo dao ng cao tn nh bin i mt thng s no nh bin , tn s hay gc pha ca dao ng cao tn theo tin tc. Thng qua iu ch, tin tc min tn s thp c chuyn ln vng tn s cao bc x truyn i xa.

- Tin tc c gi l tn hiu iu ch. - Dao ng cao tn c gi l ti tin hay ti tn. - Dao ng cao tn mang tin tc gi l dao ng cao tn iu ch. ==>Trong khi nim v iu ch c ni n dao ng cao tn ==> chnh l sng mang cao tn. N n thun l 1 dao ng hnh sin (nu sng mang l tng t) c tn s cao, hoc l dao ng hnh xung vung (nu sng mang l s). Tc bt: Trong h thng vin thng ngy nay hu ht u lm vic vi tn hiu s v cho cht lng dch v cao hn rt nhiu so vi tn hiu tng t ==> tn hiu tng t ta cn cp n tn s trung tm, bng thng tn hiu th tn hiu s cn cp n tc bt ca tn hiu, tc s liu - Nu gi thi gian tn ti 1 bt ca tn hiu s l Tb th ta c tc bt ca tn hiu l: Rb = 1/Tb (bit/s ) ==> Tc bt cho ta bit trong 1 khong thi gian th s bt ca tn hiu c truyn i l bao nhiu. - Nu knh truyn c rng bng tn l v hn th c th truyn tin vi tc rt cao ==> tng tc bt ca tn hiu ta ch cn lm gim thi gian tn ti 1 xung ca tn hiu (vic ny c thc hin bng cc b ghp , tch knh) nhng y ch l gi thit v ko c knh truyn no c bng thng v hn c. Tc s liu: tc s liu C hay cn gi l dung lng knh

truyn ==> l tc bt ln nht m knh truyn c th p ng m ko gy mo dng tn hiu. Nu gi Rb max l tc bt max m nu truyn tn hiu c tc ln hn Rbmax (d 1 t) th tn hiu bn thu b mo dang v ko th khi phc c ==> khi Rbmax chnh l tc s liu C. - Trong khi tc bt Rb c th tng hay gim nh cc b ghp tch knh th, tc s liu C li ko h thay i v phc thuc vo: bng thng knh truyn; nhiu tc ng vo knh - C= B log2 [ 1+ S/N ] bit/s ; (Vi B l rng bng ca knh truyn ) ==> ty thuc vo mi trung truyn dn m c rng bng tn ca knh truyn ln hay nh v t th tc d liu ln hay b. Hin nay th mi trng truyn dn quang (c th l si n mod) c bng tn rng 20Thz ==> c th truyn dn tc d liu ln ti 40Gbit/s.