Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Острый коронарный синдром без подъемов сегмента ST - 2013
Острый коронарный синдром без подъемов сегмента ST - 2013
ST
2013
25.09.2013
ST 2013 (1)
2
( 21/09/2011).
2012 .
( , ESC,
() [?]).
.
2011 () ,
.
ST 2013 (2)
2013 ,
,
.
.
,
: - ;
( );
( )
; .
ST
- ,
(snapshot) .
(Snapshot).
1 : 19-25 2012
:
( ST),
24 .
( )
34
32
13
19
421
129
292
ST
. 2013. , 11,12
ST 2013.
2013 ,
,
.
.
,
: - ;
( );
( )
; .
ST
- ,
(snapshot) .
ST
ST
ST-T
ST
ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting
without persistent ST-segment elevation. EHJ 2011. Published September 21, 2011
( I).
60 .
6-9 ,
.
12-24 ,
(0-3 )
()
ST (?)
BIC-8.
(chest pain) 11.5%
ED emergency department (
, )
10% .
(,
6-12
ED ( U)
( )
( )
( - )
() .
Moeckel M. ESC Congress 2013.
BIC-8.
( )
(ct-)
.
99%.
Moeckel M. Instant early rule-out using cardiac troponin and copeptin
in low- to intermediate-risk patients with suspected ACS:
A prospective, randomized multicenter study. ESC Congress 2013.
, ,
10 /
< 10 /
30 9 MACE
( )
n=902
BIC-8.
BIC-8.
MACE 30
(n=451) (n=451)
5.50%
5.46%
5.68%
3.18%
%%
MACE
--
-
BIC-8
ED,
%%
- .
( ED 66% )
Moeckel M.
Lindahl B. - BIC 8
(Snapshot). 11/2012
ST
n=421
n=129
n=292
60.9%
39%
58%
71%
40.7%
38.3%
2013. .
ST 2013 (2)
2013 ,
,
.
.
,
: - ;
( );
( )
; .
ST
- ,
(snapshot) .
(2)
( );
( );
IIb/IIIa ( ).
IIb/IIIa
( ).
Before PCI:
Clopidogrel (Level of Evidence: B); or
Ticagrelor (Level of Evidence: B); or
An IV GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor (Level of Evidence: A) IV eptifibatide and tirofiban are the preferred GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors (Level of Evidence: B)
( ),
( );
( );
IIb/IIIa ( )
At the time of PCI:
Clopidogrel if not started before PCI13,16 (Level of Evidence: A); or
Prasugrel (Level of Evidence: B); or
Ticagrelor (Level of Evidence: B); or
An IV GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor (Level of Evidence: A)
(180 , 90 2 /)
(, ),
, ,
( , ).
1, .
(60 , 10 )
,
P2Y12 ( ),
( ),
.
1, .
(300 , 75 )
,
, .
1, .
ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting
without persistent ST-segment elevation. EHJ 2011. Published September 21, 2011
ST
( )
()
ST,
(+),
()
,
57%
K.Huber
ESC 2013
() (1)
2
.
,
.
(PLATO)
-
7.4% 5.4%
- * (2.9% 1.2%);
* 0.3% 0.2%,
11 1 ;
** 4.5% 3.8%.
* ; ** .
Huber K., ESC 2013
() (2)
(PLATO)
(13.8% 7.8% , <0.001),
( 1/10 )
( , - 2-3 ,
- ) PLATO .
75 .
( !).
,
.
( ),
10-20% ST
- , / .
(AHA) (ESC)
.
ST
-, (
),
-
,
, ,
(FDA).
,
.
Differences in the interpretation of study results might be explained by the fact that European authors of NSTE-ACS and STEMI guidelines
analyse primarily the data of international trials and meta-analyses that have been published in (often high-rated) journals, while North American
experts occasionally also take additional information into account, which comes up, for example, during the approval process for new agents with
the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). While European experts avoid giving subgroup analyses of original papers too much attention, this
seems occasionally to happen with US guidelines.
( - mismatch)
P2Y12
In contrast to the US recommendations, current ESC ACS Guidelines, with regard to their
recommendation of the novel oral antiplatelet agents (ticagrelor and prasugrel) over
clopidogrel are overoptimistic and not evidence-based
,
ESC
( )
.
Serebruany VL, DiNicolantonio JJ. Viewpoint: Mismatch between the European
and American guidelines on oral antiplatelet P2Y12 inhibitors after acute coronary syndromes.
Thromb Haemost 2013; 110: 5
ST K. Huber, ESC 2013
30% , 10-20% , /, ,
10% .
40-60% ST
91,3 94,2
85,8
90
73,2 68,5
80
74
89,8
84,6
69,5
85,6
69,3
70
60
51,7
50
41,7
40
33,9
30,5
27,7
30
22,2
20
13,4
11,8
7,9
3,1 3,8
10
0
2013. ( 12).
91,9 89,1
90
80
68,9
70
82,8 78,5
88 87,7
78 74,1
61,4
60
50
40
30
20
4,3 1,7
10
0
2013. ( 12).
ST 2013 (2)
2013 ,
,
.
.
,
: - ;
( );
( )
;
ST
- ,
(snapshot) .
:
(PFT)
ESC
PFT may be considered in selected cases when clopidogrel is
NSTE-ACS used. so far, the routine clinical use of PFT in clopidogrel2011
treated patients with ACS cannot be recommended.
PFT may be considered in patients at high risk for poor clinical
outcomes. In patients treated with clopidogrel with high platelet
ACC/
reactivity, alternative agents, such as prasugrel or ticagrelor,
AHA/SCAI
might be considered. The routine clinical use of platelet
PCI 2011
function testing to screen patients treated with clopidogrel
who are undergoing PCI is not recommended.
PFT to determine platelet inhibitory response in patients
ACCF/AHA
with UA/NSTEMI (or, after ACS and PCI) on P2Y12-receptor
UA/NSTEMI
inhibitor therapy may be considered if results of testing may
2012
alter management.
ESC STEMI
No specific recommendation.
2012
ACCF/AHA The roles of PFT and genetic screening for clopidogrel
STEMI2013 metabolism in the acute phase of STEMI care are uncertain.
COLLET JP. Platelet function testing should be abandoned? YES!
CoR LoE
IIb
IIb
IIb
? !
()
() ?
Gurbel P.A. ESC Congress 2013
1. ,
( )
2. []
(LoF)
3.
.
4.
5.
(point of care)
()
() ?
Gurbel P.A. ESC Congress 2013
1.
2.
3.
4.
, :
(): , ,
, , ,
: , , .
:
, ,
, ,
5. , .
ST 2013 (2)
2013 ,
,
.
.
,
: - ;
( );
( )
;
ST
- ,
(snapshot) .
(pretreatment) P2Y12
(ESC)
ST
P2Y12
,
.
600
600
ACCOAST (n=4033)
ACCOAST
( )
Montalescot G, et al for the ACCOAST Investigators. Pretreatment with Prasugrel in NonST-Segment Elevation Acute
Coronary Syndromes. N Engl J Med 2013;369:999.
Montalescot G, ESC Congress 2013
ACCOAST
()
Montalescot G, et al for the ACCOAST Investigators. Pretreatment with Prasugrel in NonST-Segment Elevation Acute
Coronary Syndromes. N Engl J Med 2013;369:999.
Montalescot G, ESC Congress 2013
ACCOAST TIMI
()
Montalescot G, et al for the ACCOAST Investigators. Pretreatment with Prasugrel in NonST-Segment Elevation Acute
Coronary Syndromes. N Engl J Med 2013;369:999.
Montalescot G, ESC Congress 2013
ACCOAST
ST, 48
,
(pretreatment) 30 ,
.
, ,
,
.
/ .
[] (pretreatment) C ST.
Montalescot G, et al for the ACCOAST Investigators. Pretreatment with Prasugrel in NonST-Segment Elevation Acute
Coronary Syndromes. N Engl J Med 2013;369:999.
Montalescot G, ESC Congress 2013
ST 2013 (2)
2013 ,
,
.
.
,
: - ;
( );
( )
; .
ST
- ,
(snapshot) .
(DAPT ) .
PARIS
(discontinuation) ,
,
(interruption) DAPT
, , - .
14 ()
() (disruption)
(noncompliance)
5018
30 4972/5018
365 4885/5018 97.3%
2 4678/5018 93.2%
Mehran R. Congress ESC 2013
, %
23.3%
, %
MACE (c ,
/ , ,
)
(95%)
discontinuation
interruption
()
disruption
MACE
Mehran R. Congress ESC 2013
/ (%)
(2 , n=71)
discontinuation
interruption
()
disruption
ST 2013 (2)
2013 ,
,
.
.
,
: - ;
( );
( )
; .
ST
- ,
(snapshot) .
ATLAS ACS-2 TIMI51
ST
24/05/13.
(2.5 2 /
)
2013
EMA .
FDA
.
()
()
N (%)
N (%)
N (%)
(N)
ATLAS
15,526
484
APPRAISE-2
7,392
241
131 (1.8)
81 (1.1)
TRACER 12,944
502
761 (5.9)
249 (1.9)
277
562 (3.0)
545 (2.9)
2 (0.01%)
14.5
804 (5.9)
665 (4.9)
16 (0.12)
PLATO
18,624
TRITON
13,619
Krantz MJ, Kaul S. ATLAS ACS-TIMI 51 and Missing Data. JACC (2013)
() ,
KF Schulz & DA Grimes
1. ,
.
If the loss to follow-up rate exceeds the outcome event rate, results might be questionable
2. <5% ( [bias]),
, >20%,
() .
If missing data is <5% the bias will be minimal, but if >20%, it poses a serious threat to the validity of the study
3.
, (biased),
,
.
If missing data is differential by treatment group, results may be biased,
especially if losses are related to treatment efficacy or tolerability
4.
Krantz MJ, Kaul S. JACC (2013). Schulz KF, Grimes DA. Lancet 2002;359;781
() ATLAS
ATLAS (n=1117)
).
<20%,
MACE
( 1.4% :
11% 12.4% ).
(1.3% : 7.4% , 6.1% ).
.
,
.
.
Krantz MJ, Kaul S. ATLAS ACS-TIMI 51 and Missing Data. JACC (2013)
Extrinsic pathway
Tissue factor, FVII
Common pathway
Factor X Factor Xa
, , /,
Xa
Xa,
Factor V
/
Prothrombin
(F II)
Thrombin
(F IIa)
(1/2 life 30 )
TAO.
ST ,
(n=13220)
A
+ ADP
Otamixaban
DSMB
0.08+0.10
(n=1969)
Otamixaban
0.08+0.140
(n=1969)
(n=5625)
(n=1969)
(n=5625)
: / 7
: TIMI - 7
Steg PG on behalf of the TAO investigators. ES congress 2013
, %
TAO.
-
7
Steg PG et al. for the TAO Investigators. JAMA 2013;310(11):1145
2-
(!?)
SEPIA. ST
, ,
,
IIb/IIIa
7
0.140 //
~ -40%
()
Sabatine MS et al. Otamixaban for the treatment of patients with non-ST-elevation ACS
(SEPIA-ACS1 TIMI 42): a randomised, double-blind, active-controlled, phase 2 trial.
Lancet 2009; 374: 787.
-, %
TAO.
( TIMI).
0.140 // vs
Steg PG on behalf of the TAO investigators. ES congress 2013
ST 2013
2013 ,
,
.
.
,
: - ;
( );
( )
;
ST
- ,
(snapshot) .
( )
ST ( )
(eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m)
( <40%)
GRACE
1 (<72 presentation)
1 GRACE >140 - <24 .
,
,
- 2
ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting
without persistent ST-segment elevation. EHJ 2011. Published September 21, 2011
14.7%
13.1%
65
7.2%
GRACE
5.6%
3.8%
, ( ,
)
33,0%.
. 2013. . 12
ST 2013.
2013 , ,
,
()
,
ST
.
1-2- ; 3-4 -
ST
, !
. 2013, 1
12- 34-
(n=947)
(n=709)
65
443 (46,8)
271 (38,4)
324 (34,2)
212 (29,9)
554 (58,5)
382 (53,9)
421 (44,4)
233 (32,9)
113 (11,9)
43 (6,1)
48 (5,1)
16 (2,3)
162 (17,1)
70 (9,9)
Killip II
156 (18,0)
89 (12,9)
Killip IV
38 (4)
12 (1,7)
, /
137 (125147)
138 (126149)
,
74,0 (55,099,0) 79,1 (60,5103,2)
/
344 (36,5)
233 (31,5)
GRACE
0,0007
0,06
0,06
<0,0001
<0,0001
0,01
0,0002
0,0065
0,006
0,02
0,01
0,035
,
!
2013, 1