Ôn Tâp HK1

Nm hc : 2013 2014
I. i s :
BT 1: Gii cc phng trnh sau :
a/ 2sin 3 0
6
x
| |
+ =
|
\
b/ 2cos 2 0
4
x
| |
+ =
|
\
c/ 3cot 2 3 0
4
x
| |
+ =
|
\
d/ 3tan 2 3 0
3
x
| |
+ =
|
\

a) 2sin 3 0
6
x
| |
+ =
|
\

( )
3
sin
6 2
sin sin
6 3
2
6 3
2
6 3
2
6
3
2
2
x
x
x k
x k
x k
k Z
x k
| |
=
|
\
| | | |
=
| |
\ \
= +
= + +
= +
= +

b) 2cos 2 0
4
x
| |
+ =
|
\

( )
2
cos
4 2
cos cos
4 4
2
4 4
2
4 4
2
2
2
x
x
x k
x k
x k
k Z
x k
| |
+ =
|
\
| |
+ =
|
\
+ = +
+ = +
= +

c) 3cot 2 3 0
4
x
| |
+ =
|
\

( )
3
cot 2
4 3
cot 2 cot
4 6
2
4 6
2
12
24 2
x
x
x k
x k
k
x k Z

| |
+ =
|
\
| |
+ =
|
\
+ = +
= +
= +

d) 3tan 2 3 0
3
x
| |
+ =
|
\

( )
3
tan 2
3 3
tan 2 tan
3 6
2
3 6
2
6
12 2
x
x
x k
x k
k
x k Z

| |
=
|
\
| | | |
=
| |
\ \
= +
= +
= +

BT 2: Gii cc phng trnh sau:
a/
2
2cos 3cos 1 0 x x + = ; b/
2
cos sin 1 0 x x + + = ; c/
2
2sin 5sin 3 0 x x + = ; d/
2
cot 3 cot 3 2 0 x x = ;
a/
2
2cos 3cos 1 0 x x + =
( )
cos 1 ( )
1
cos ( )
2
2
cos cos
3
2
2
3
2
3
x nhan
x nhan
x k
x
x k
x k
k Z
x k
= +
= +

b/
2
cos sin 1 0 x x + + =
( )
( )
( )
2
2
1 sin sinx 1 0
sin sinx 2 0
sinx 1
sinx 2
2 ,
2
x
x
nhan
loai
x k k Z
+ + =
+ + =
=
= +

c/
2
2sin 5sin 3 0 x x + =
( )
( )
( )
1
sinx
2
sinx 3
sinx sin
6
2
6
2
6
2
6
,
5
2
6
nhan
loai
x k
x k
x k
k Z
x k
= +
= +
= +
= +

d/
2
cot 3 cot 3 2 0 x x =
( )
cot 3 1
cot 3 2
3
cot 3 cot
4
3 ar cot 2
3
3
4
3 ar cot 2
4 3
1
ar cot 2
3 3
x
x
x
x c k
x k
x c k
k
x
k Z
k
x c
= +
= +
= +
= +
= +

a/
2
2cos 2 cos 2 0 x x + = ; b/ cos 2 cos 1 0 x x + + = ;c/ cos 2 5sin 3 0 x x = ; d/ 5tan 2cot 3 0 x x = .
a/
2
2cos 2 cos 2 0 x x + = ;
( )
cos 2 ( )
2
cos ( )
2
cos cos
4
2
4
2
4
x loai
x nhan
x
x k
k Z
x k
= +
= +

b/ cos 2 cos 1 0 x x + + =
( )
( )
( )
2
2
2cos 1 cos 1 0
2cos cos 0
cos 0
1
cos
2
2
2
cos os
3
2
2
2
3
2
2
3
x x
x x
x nhan
x nhan
x k
x c
x k
k Z x k
x k
+ + =
+ =
=
= +
= +
= +
= +

c/ cos 2 5sin 3 0 x x =
( )
( )
( )
2
2
1 2sin 5sin 3 0
2sin 5sin 2 0
1
sinx
2
sinx 2
sinx sin
6
2
6
2
6
2
6
7
2
6
x x
x x
nhan
loai
x k
x k
x k
k Z
x k
=
=
| |
=
|
\
= +
= + +
= +
= +

d/ 5tan 2cot 3 0 x x = .
iu kin:
sin 0
sin 2 0 2
cos 0 2
x
k
x x k x
x

2
2
(1) 5tan 3 0 5tan 3tan 2 0
tan
x x x
x
= =
tan tan tan 1
4 4
( )
2
2 2 tan
arctan arctan
5
5 5
x x k x
k Z
x
x k x k

= = + =

| | | | =

= + = +
| |

\ \
(tha iu kin)
a/
2
sin 2cos 2 0
2 2
x x
+ = ; b/ cos 5sin 3 0
2
x
x + = ;c/ cos 4 sin 2 1 0 x x = ; d/ cos6 3cos3 1 0 x x = .

a/
2
sin 2cos 2 0
2 2
x x
+ =
( )
( )
( )
2
2
1 os 2cos 2 0
2 2
os 2cos 3 0
2 2
os 1
2
os 3
2
2
2
4 ,
x x
c
x x
c
x
c nhan
x
c loai
x
k
x k k Z
+ =
+ =
=
=

b/ cos 5sin 3 0
2
x
x + =
( )
( )
( )
2
2
1 2sin 5sin 3 0
2 2
2sin 5sin 2 0
2 2
1
sin
2 2
sin 2
2
sin sin
2 6
2
2 6
2
2 6
4
3
5
4
3
x x
x x
x
nhan
x
loai
x
x
k
x
k
x k
k Z
x k
+ =
+ =
= +
= +
= +
= +

c/ cos 4 sin 2 1 0 x x =
( )
( )
( )
2
2
1 2sin 2 sin 2 1 0
2sin 2 sin2 0
sin 2 0
1
sin 2
2
2
sin 2 sin
6
2
2 2
6
2 2
6
2
12
7
12
x x
x x
x nhan
x nhan
x k
x
k
x
x k
x k
k
x
k Z x k
x k
=
=
=
| |
=
|
= +
= + +
= +
= +

d/ cos6 3cos3 1 0 x x = .
( )
( )
( )
2
2
2cos 3 1 3cos3 1 0
2cos 3 3cos3 2 0
os3 2
1
os3
2
2
os3 os
3
2
3 2
3
2
3 2
3
2 2
9 3
2 2
9 3
x x
x x
c x loai
c x nhan
c x c
x k
x k
k
x
k Z
k
x

=
=
=
= +
= +
= +
= +

a/
( )
2
tan 3 1 tan 3 0 x x + = ; b/
( )
2
3 tan 1 3 tan 1 0 x x = ;
a/
( )
2
tan 3 1 tan 3 0 x x + =
( )
t anx 1
t anx 3
t anx tan
4
t anx tan
3
4
4
x k
k Z
x k

| |
=
|
= +
= +

b/
( )
2
3 tan 1 3 tan 1 0 x x =
( )
t anx 1
1
t anx
3
t anx tan
4
t anx tan
6
4
6
x k
k Z
x k
| |
=
|
\

= +
= +

a/ 3sin cos 1 x x = ; b/ 3cos3 sin3 2 x x = ; c/ 3cos 4sin 5 x x + = ; d/ sin 7cos 7 x x = ;
e/ 2sin 2 2cos 2 2 x x = ; f/ sin 2 3 3 cos 2 x x = .
a/ 3sin cos 1 x x =
Chia 2 v ca phng trnh cho
2 2
2 a b + =
Pt
3 1 1
sin cos
2 2 2
x x =
( )
1
sin xcos cos sin
6 6 2
1
sin
6 2
sin sin
6 6
2
6 6
2
6 6
2
3
2
x
x
x
x k
x k
x k
k Z
x k

=
| |
=
|
\
| |
=
|
\
= +
= +
= +
= +

b/ 3cos3 sin3 2 sin3 3 os3 2 x x x c x = + =
2 2
2 a b + =
Pt
1 3 2
sin3 cos3
2 2 2
x x + =
( )
2 2
sin3xcos cos3 sin 1
3 3
2
sin 3 1
3
2
3 2
3 2
3 2
6
2
18 3
x
x
x k
x k
k
x k Z

+ =
| |
+ =
|
\
+ = +
= +
= +

e/ 2sin 2 2cos 2 2 x x = ;
2 2
2 2 a b + =
Pt
2 2 2
sin 2 cos 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
x x =
( )
1
sin2xcos cos 2 sin
4 4 2
1
sin 2
4 2
sin 2 sin
4 6
2 2
4 6
2 2
4 6
5
2 2
12
13
2 2
12
5
24
13
24
x
x
x
x k
x k
x k
x k
x k
k Z
x k

=
| |
=
|
\
| |
=
|
\
= +
= +
= +
= +
= +
= +

f/ sin 2 3 3 cos 2 sin 2 3 os2 3 x x x c x = + =
2 2
2 a b + =
Pt
1 3 3
sin2 cos 2
2 2 2
x x + =
( )
3
sin 2xcos cos 2 sin
3 3 2
3
sin 2
3 2
sin 2 sin
3 3
2 2
3 3
2 2
3 3
2 2
2 2
3
6
x
x
x
x k
x k
x k
x k
x k
k Z
x k

+ =
| |
+ =
|
\
| |
+ =
|
\
+ = +
+ = +
= +
= +

a/ sin5 sin3 sin 0 x x x + + = ; b/
2
sin5 sin in 1 2s x x x + + = ;
c/ sin 2 sin5 sin3 sin 4 x x x x = ; d/
2 2 2
sin sin 3 2sin 2 x x x + = .

a/ sin5 sin3 sin 0 x x x + + =
sin5 sin sin3 0
2sin3 os2 sin3 0
sin3 (2 os2 1) 0
sin3 0
2 os2 1 0
3
1
os2
2
3
2
os2 os
3
3
2
2 2
3
2
2 2
3
3
3
3
x x x
xc x x
x c x
x
c x
x k
c x
k
x
c x c
k
x
x k
x k
k
x
k x k
x k
+ + =
+ =
+ =
=
+ =
= +
= +
= +
= +

( ) Z

b/
2
sin5 sin in 1 2s x x x + + =
2
sin5 sinx=1-2sin
2sin3 cos 2 os2
2sin3 cos 2 os2 0
os2 (2sin3 1) 0
os2 0
2sin3 1 0
2
2
1
sin3
2
4 2
sin3 sin
6
4 2
3 2
6
3 2
6
4 2
x x
x x c x
x x c x
c x x
c x
x
x k
x
k
x
x
k
x
x k
x k
k
x
x

+
=
=
=
=
= +
= +
= +
= +
= +

= +
( )
2
18 3
5 2
18 3
k
k Z
k
x

= +
= +

c/ sin 2 sin5 sin3 sin 4 x x x x =
( ) ( )
( )
1 1
os7 os3 os7 os
2 2
os7 os3 os7 os
os3 cos
3 2
3 2
2 2
4 2
2
c x c x c x c x
c x c x c x c x
c x x
x x k
x x k
x k
x k
x k
k Z
k
x
=
=
=
= +
= +

d/
2 2 2
sin sin 3 2sin 2 x x x + = .
( )
1 os2 1 os6 1 os4
2.
2 2 2
1 os2 1 os6 2 1 os4
2 os2 os6 2 2cos 4
os2 os6 2cos 4
os2 os6 2cos 4
os6 os2 2cos 4 0
2cos 4 cos 2 2cos 4 0
2cos 4 (cos 2 1) 0
os4 0
os2 1 0
4
c x c x c x
c x c x c x
c x c x x
c x c x x
c x c x x
c x c x x
x x x
x x
c x
c x
x

+ =
+ =
=
=
+ =
+ =
=
=
=
( )
2
os2 1
8 4
2 2
8 4
k
c x
k
x
x k
k
x
k Z
x k
= +
= +
= +

BT 9: T cc ch s 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 c th lp c bao nhiu s c 4 ch s nu :
a) Cc ch s ty . b) Cc ch s khc nhau.
c) S l s chn (ch s ty ) d) S l s chn (ch s khc nhau)
e) S chia ht cho 5 (ch s khc nhau)
t A = {0; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6}

a) Cc ch s ty .
+ Theo bi s t nhin c dng:
1 2 3 4
a a a a , vi a
1
; a
2
; a
3
; a
4
A v a
1
0
a
1
a
2
a
3
a
4
S cch chn 6 7 7 7
+ Vy s lng cc s t nhin cn tm l 6.7.7.7

= 2058 s

b) Cc ch s khc nhau.
1 2 3 4
a a a a , vi a
1
; a
2
; a
3
; a
4
A, a
1
0 v a
1
; a
2
; a
3
; a
4
i mt khc nhau
a
1
a
2
a
3
a
4
S cch chn 6 6 5 4

= 720 s

c) S l s chn (ch s ty )
1 2 3 4
a a a a , vi a
1
; a
2
; a
3
; a
4
A, a
1
0 v a
4
{0; 2; 4; 6}
a
4
a
1
a
2
a
3
S cch chn 4 6 7 7

= 1176 s

d) S l s chn (ch s khc nhau)
1 2 3 4
a a a a , vi a
1
; a
2
; a
3
; a
4
A, a
1
0, a
1
; a
2
; a
3
; a
4
i mt khc nhau
v a
4
{0; 2; 4; 6}
+ TH1: a
4
{0} a
4
a
1
a
3
a
4
S cch chn 1 6 5 4
S lng cc s t nhin trong trng hp ny l 1.6.5.4

= 120 s
+ TH1:a
4
{2; 4; 6} a
4
a
1
a
3
a
4
S cch chn 3 5 5 4

= 300 s
+ Vy s lng cc s t nhin cn tm l 120 + 300 = 420 s

e) S chia ht cho 5 (ch s khc nhau)
1 2 3 4
a a a a , vi a
1
; a
2
; a
3
; a
4
A, a
1
0, a
1
; a
2
; a
3
; a
4
i mt khc nhau
v a
4
{0; 5}
+ TH1: a
4
{0} a
4
a
1
a
3
a
4
S cch chn 1 6 5 4

= 120 s
+ TH1:a
4
{5} a
4
a
1
a
3
a
4
S cch chn 1 5 5 4

= 100 s
+ Vy s lng cc s t nhin cn tm l 120 + 100 = 220 s
BT 10: Mt i vn ngh c 6 nam v 7 n. Hi c bao nhiu cch chn
a/ Mt i song ca nam n ? b/ Mt bn biu din n ca ?
a/ Mt i song ca nam n ?
1 nam 1 n
S cch chn
1
6
C
1
7
C
Vy s lng cc cch chn mt i song ca nam n l
1
6
C .
1
7
C = 42 cch

b/ Mt bn biu din n ca ?
1 nam 1 n
S cch chn
1
6
C
1
7
C
Vy s lng cc cch chn mt bn biu din n ca l
1
6
C +
1
7
C = 13 cch
BT 11: Mt lp hc c 26 hc sinh nam v 19 hc sinh n.
a/ Lp c bao nhiu cch la chn mt bn ph trch qu lp ?
b/ Lp c bao nhiu cch la chn mt bn nam v mt bn n ph trch phong tro ?
c/ Lp c bao nhiu cch la chn mt ban cn s lp gm ba ngi : 1 lp trng, 1 lp ph ph trch
k lut v mt lp ph ph trch hc tp vi iu kin lp trng phi l mt bn n v lp ph k lut
phi l mt bn nam ?
a/ Lp c bao nhiu cch la chn mt bn ph trch qu lp ?
1 nam 1 n
S cch chn
1
26
C
1
19
C
Vy s lng cc cch chn mt bn ph trch qu lp l
1
26
C +
1
19
C = 45 cch
b/ Lp c bao nhiu cch la chn mt bn nam v mt bn n ph trch phong tro ?
1 nam 1 n
S cch chn
1
26
C
1
19
C
Vy s lng cc cch chn mt bn nam v mt bn n ph trch phong tro l
1
26
C .
1
19
C = 494 cch
c/ Lp c bao nhiu cch la chn mt ban cn s lp gm ba ngi : 1 lp trng, 1 lp ph ph trch
k lut v mt lp ph ph trch hc tp vi iu kin lp trng phi l mt bn n v lp ph k lut
phi l mt bn nam ?
1 lp trng 1 lp ph n np 1 lp ph hc tp
S cch chn
1
19
C
1
26
C
1
43
C
Vy s lng cc cch chn mt ban cn s lp l
1
19
C .
1
26
C .
1
43
C = 21242 cch
BT 12: C bao nhiu cch sp xp 4 bn An, Bnh, Chi, Dung ngi vo bn c 4 ch ngi.
S lng cc cch sp xp 4 bn An, Bnh, Chi, Dung ngi vo bn c 4 ch ngi l 4! = 24 cch
BT 13: Cho 9 im phn bit trong khng c 3 im no thng hng. C bao nhiu on thng, bao
nhiu vect, bao nhiu tam gic to thnh t 9 im trn.
S lng cc on thng to thnh t 9 im trn l
2
9
36 C = on thng
S lng cc vecto to thnh t 9 im trn l
2
9
72 A = vecto
S lng cc tam gic to thnh t 9 im trn l
3
9
84 C = tam gic
BT 14: Trong mt phng c bao nhiu hnh ch nht c to thnh t 6 ng thng song song vi
nhau v 5 ng thng vung gc vi 6 ng thng song song .
S lng cc hnh ch nht c to thnh t 6 ng thng song song vi nhau v 5 ng thng vung gc
vi 6 ng thng song song l
2 2
6 5
. 15.10 150 C C = = hnh ch nht
BT 15: Mt t c 10 ngi gm 6 nam v 4 n. Cn lp mt on i biu gm 5 ngi. Hi c tt c bao
nhiu cch lp nu :
a) Chn ty . b) on i biu c ng 2 n. c) on i biu c t nht 2 n.
a) Chn ty .
S lng cc cch lp mt on i biu gm 5 ngi ty l
5
10
252 C = cch
b) on i biu c ng 2 n
2 n 3 nam
S cch chn
2
4
C
3
6
C
Vy s lng cc cch lp on i biu c ng 2 n l
2
4
C .
3
6
C = 6.20 = 120 cch
c) on i biu c t nht 2 n.
Cch 1: Tnh trc tip
TH 1 2 n 3 nam
S cch chn
2
4
C
3
6
C
S lng cc cch lp trong trng hp ny l
2
4
C .
3
6
C = 6.20 = 120 cch
TH 2 3 n 2 nam
S cch chn
3
4
C
2
6
C
3
4
C .
2
6
C = 4.15 = 60 cch
TH 3 4 n 1 nam
S cch chn
4
4
C
1
6
C
4
4
C .
1
6
C = 1.6 = 6 cch
Vy s lng cc cch lp on i biu c t nht 2 n l 120 + 60 + 6 = 186 cch
Cch 2: Tnh gin tip Dng phn b
+ S lng cc cch lp mt on i biu gm 5 ngi ty l
5
10
252 C = cch
+ Tm phn b
TH 1 0 n 5 nam
S cch chn
0
4
C
5
6
C
0
4
C .
5
6
C = 1.6 = 6 cch
TH 2 1 n 4 nam
S cch chn
1
4
C
4
6
C
1
4
C .
4
6
C = 4.15 = 60 cch
+ Vy s lng cc cch lp on i biu c t nht 2 n l 252 6 - 60 = 186 cch
BT 16: Vit khai trin
a/
( )
3
2
2 3 x x + ; b/ ( )
5
1 2x ; c/
5
2
3
x
x
| |
+
|
\
; d/
4
3
1
4x
x
| |
|
\
.
a/
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
3 3 2 1 0
0 1 2 3
2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2
3 3 3 3
2 3 . 2 . 3 2 . 3 2 . 3 2 . 3 x x C x x C x x C x x C x x + = + + +

6 4 2 2 3
6 5 4 3
1.8 .1 3.4 .3 3.2 .9 1.1.27
8 36 54 27
x x x x x x
x x x x
= + + +
= + + +

b/ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
5 0 1 2 3 4 5
0 5 1 4 2 3 3 2 4 1 5 0
5 5 5 5 5 5
1 2 .1 . 2 .1 . 2 .1 . 2 .1 . 2 .1. 2 .1 . 2 x C x C x C x C x C x C x = + +

2 3 4 5
2 3 4 5
1.1.1 5.1.2 10.1.4 10.1.8 5.1.16 1.1.32
1 10 40 80 80 32
x x x x x
x x x x x
= + +
= + +

c/
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
5 0 1 2 3 4 5
5 4 3 2 1 0
2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2
5 5 5 5 5 5
3 3 3 3 3 3 3
. . . . . . . . . . . . x C x C x C x C x C x C x
x x x x x x x
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
+ = + + + + +
| | | | | | |
\ \ \ \ \ \ \

10 8 6 4 2
2 3 4 5
10 7 4
2 5
3 9 27 81 243
1. .1 5. . 10. . 10. . 5. . 1.1.
405 243
15. 90. 270.
x x x x x
x x x x x
x x x x
x x
= + + + + +
= + + + + +

d/ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
4 0 1 2 3 4
4 3 2 1 0
0 1 2 3 4
4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3
1 1 1 1 1 1
4 . 4 . . 4 . . 4 . . 4 . . 4 . x C x C x C x C x C x
x x x x x x
| | | | | | | | | | | |
= + +
| | | | | |
\ \ \ \ \ \

4 3 2
3 6 9 12
4
4 8 12
1 1 1 1
1.256 .1 4.64 . 6.16 . 4.4 . 1.1.
96 16 1
256 256
x x x x
x x x x
x
x x x
= + +
= + +

BT 17: a) Tm h s ca
8
x trong khai trin ( )
10
3 2 x + .
b) Tm h s ca s hng khng cha x trong khai trin
15
3
2
1
x
x
| |
|
\

c) Tm h s ca s hng cha
2
x trong khai trin
8
2
2
x
x
| |
+
|
\

d) Tm h s ca
4 9
x y trong khai trin ( )
13
2x y .
a) Tm h s ca
8
x trong khai trin ( )
10
3 2 x + .
+ S hng tng qut th (k + 1) trong khai trin l:
T
k + 1
= ( )
10
10 10 10 10
10 10 10
. 3 .2 .3 . .2 .3 .2 .
k
k n k k k k k k k k k k k k
n
C a b C x C x C x

= = = (0 k 10, k )
+ Theo bi ta c 10 k = 8 k = 2
+ Vy h s ca
8
x l :
2 10 2 2
10
.3 .2 1180980 C

=
b) Tm h s ca s hng khng cha x trong khai trin
15
3
2
1
x
x
| |
|
\

T
k + 1
= ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
10
3 30 3 30 5
15 15 15 2 2
1 1
1 . 1 . . . 1 . . . 1 . .
k
k
k k k k
k n k k k k k k k
n k
C a b C x C x C x
x x

| |
= = =
|
\
(0 k 15, k )
+ Theo bi ta c 30 5k = 0 k = 6
+ Vy h s ca s hng khng cha x l : ( )
6
6
15
1 . 5005 C =
c) Tm h s ca s hng cha
2
x trong khai trin
8
2
2
x
x
| |
+
|
\

T
k + 1
=
8 8 8 3
8 8 8 2 2
2 2
. . . . .2 .
k
k
k n k k k k k k k k k
n k
C a b C x C x C x
x x

| |
= = =
|
\
(0 k 8, k )
+ Theo bi ta c 8 - 3k = 2 k = 2
+ Vy h s ca s hng cha
2
x l :
2 2
8
.2 112 C =
d) Tm h s ca
4 9
x y trong khai trin ( )
13
2x y .
T
k + 1
= ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
13
13 13
13 13
1 . 1 . . 2 . 1 . .2 . .
k k k k
k n k k k k k k k k
n
C a b C x y C x y

= = (0 k 13, k )
+ Theo bi ta c
13 4
9
9
k
k
k
=
=

+ Vy h s ca
4 9
x y l : ( )
9
9 13 9
13
1 . .2 11440 C

=

BT 18: Xt khai trin ca
15
2
2
x
x
| |
|
\
.
a/ Tm s hng th 7 trong khai trin (vit theo chiu s m ca x gim dn).
b/ Tm s hng khng cha x trong khai trin.
a/ Tm s hng th 7 trong khai trin (vit theo chiu s m ca x gim dn).
T
k + 1
= ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
15
2 30 2 30 3
15 15 15
2 2
1 . 1 . . . 1 . . . 1 . .2 .
k
k
k
k k k k
k n k k k k k k k k
n k
C a b C x C x C x
x x

| |
= = =
|
\
(0 k 15, k )
+ Theo bi ta c k = 6
+ Vy s hng th 7 trong khai trin l ( )
6
6 6 30 3.6 12
7 15
1 . .2 . 320320 T C x x
= =
b/ Tm s hng khng cha x trong khai trin
T
k + 1
= ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
15
2 30 2 30 3
15 15 15
2 2
1 . 1 . . . 1 . . . 1 . .2 .
k
k
k
k k k k
k n k k k k k k k k
n k
C a b C x C x C x
x x

| |
= = =
|
\
(0 k 15, k )
+ Theo bi ta c 30 3k = 0 k = 10
+ Vy h s ca s hng khng cha x l : ( )
10
10 10
15
1 . .2 C = 3075072
BT 19: Cho n l mt s nguyn dng, chng minh cc ng thc sau :
a/
0 1 2
... 2
n n
n n n n
C C C C + + + + = ; b/
0 2 4 1 3 1
... ... 2
n
n n n n n
C C C C C

+ + + = + + = (vi 4 n ) ;
a/
0 1 2
... 2
n n
n n n n
C C C C + + + + =
+ Chn (x + 1)
n

0 1 2 2
...
n n
n n n n
C C x C x C x = + + + +
+ Cho x = 1 ta c ( )
0 1 2 2
1 1 .1 1 ... 1
n
n n
n n n n
C C C C + = + + + +
0 1 2
2 ...
n n
n n n n
C C C C = + + + +
b) t
0 2 4 1 3 5
..., ...
n n n n n n
A C C C B C C C = + + + = + + + , Vy ta c
1
2
2
0
n
n
A B
A B
A B
+ =
= =

BT 20: Bit rng ( )
3 3
4 3
7 3
n n
C C n
+ +
= + , tm h s ca s hng cha
4
x trong khai trin ca
2
3
1
2
n
x
x
| |
+
|
\
.
( )
3 3
4 3
( 4)! ( 3)!
7( 3) 7( 3)
3! 1 ! 3! !
n n
n n
C C n n
n n
+ +
+ +
= + = +
+

( 4)( 3)( 2) ( 3)( 2)( 1)
7( 3) ( : 3 0)
6 6
n n n n n n
n v n
+ + + + + +
= + +
( 4)( 2) ( 2)( 1) 42 n n n n + + + + = 3 36 12( ) n n nhan = =
+ Khi n = 12 ta c :
12
2
3
1
2 ( 0) x x
x
| |
+
|
\

T
k + 1
=
( )
12
2
12 3
1
2
k
k
k n k k k
n
C a b C x
x
| |
=
|
\
=
2 5 36
12 12 36 3
1
. .2 . .2 .
k k k k k k
k
C x C x
x
=
+ Theo bi ta c 5k 36 = 4 k = 8
+ Vy h s cn tm l :
8 8
12
.2 126720 C =

BT 21: Gieo mt ng tin cn i v ng cht ba ln.
a) M t khng gian mu.
b) Tnh xc sut ca cc bin c : A : Ln gieo u xut hin mt sp
B : Mt sp xy ra ng mt ln
C : t nht mt ln xut hin mt sp
D : Mt sp xy ra nhiu hn mt nga
a) { } ; ; ; ; ; ; ; SSS SSN SNS SNN NSS NSN NNS NNN =
b) Tnh xc sut ca cc bin c : A : Ln gieo u xut hin mt sp
+ { } ; ; ; ; ; ; ; SSS SSN SNS SNN NSS NSN NNS NNN =
S phn t ca l n() = 8
+ A = {SSS; SSN; SNS; SNN}
S phn t ca A l n(A) = 4
+ Vy xc sut ca A l ( )
( )
( )
4 1
8 2
n A
p A
n
= = =

c) Tnh xc sut ca cc bin c : B : Mt sp xy ra ng mt ln

+ B = {SNN; NSN; NNS}
S phn t ca B l n(B) = 3
+ Vy xc sut ca B l ( )
( )
( )
3
8
n B
p B
n
= =

d) Tnh xc sut ca cc bin c : C : t nht mt ln xut hin mt sp

+ C = {SSS ; SSN ;SNS ;SNN ;NSS ;NSN ;NNS}
S phn t ca C l n(C) = 7
+ Vy xc sut ca C l ( )
( )
( )
7
8
n C
p C
n
= =

e) Tnh xc sut ca cc bin c : D : Mt sp xy ra nhiu hn mt nga
+ D = {SSS ; SSN ;SNS ; NSS}
S phn t ca D l n(D) = 4
( )
( )
4 1
8 2
n D
p D
n
= = =

BT 22: Gieo mt con sc sc cn i v ng cht hai ln.
a) M t khng gian mu.
b) Tnh xc sut ca cc bin c : A : Mt 3 chm xut hin ng 1 ln
B : Tng s chm ca hai ln gieo khng vt qu 6
C : S chm ca ln gieo bng nhau
D : Tng s chm trong hai ln gieo bng 7
a) ( ) { }
; | , ; 2;3; 4;5;6 i j i j = =
b) Tnh xc sut ca cc bin c : A : Mt 3 chm xut hin ng 1 ln
+ ( ) { }
; | , ; 2;3; 4;5;6 i j i j = =
+ A = {(3 ;1), (3 ;2), (3 ;4), (3 ;5), (3 ;6), (1 ;3), (2 ;3), (4 ;3), (5 ;3), (6 ;3)}
( )
( )
10 5
36 18
n A
p A
n
= = =

c) Tnh xc sut ca cc bin c : B : Tng s chm ca hai ln gieo khng vt qu 6
+ ( ) { }
; | , ; 2;3; 4;5;6 i j i j = =
+ B = {(1 ;1), (1 ;2), (1 ;3), (1 ;4), (2 ;1), (2 ;2), (2 ;3), (3 ;1), (3 ;2), (4 ;1)}
( )
( )
10 5
36 18
n B
p B
n
= = =

d) Tnh xc sut ca cc bin c : C : S chm ca ln gieo bng nhau
+ ( ) { }
; | , ; 2;3; 4;5;6 i j i j = =
+ C = {(1 ;1), (2 ;2), (3 ;3), (4 ;4), (5 ;5), (6 ;6)}
( )
( )
6 1
36 6
n C
p C
n
= = =

e) Tnh xc sut ca cc bin c : D : Tng s chm trong hai ln gieo bng 7
+ ( ) { }
; | , ; 2;3; 4;5;6 i j i j = =
+ D = {(1 ;6), (2 ;5), (3 ;4), (4 ;3), (5 ;2), (6 ;1)}
+ Vy xc sut ca D l ( )
( )
( )
6 1
36 6
n D
p D
n
= = =

BT 23: T mt hp cha 7 bi trng v 9 bi . Ly ngu nhin ng thi 2 bi.
Tnh xc sut ca cc bin c : A : Hai bi cng mu trng ,
B : Hai bi cng mu
C : Hai bi cng mu ,
D : Hai bi khc mu
a) Tnh xc sut ca cc bin c : A : Hai bi cng mu trng ,
+ S cch chn ngu nhin 2 bi l
2
16
C = 120 cch
+ S cch chn 2 bi cng mu trng l
2
7
C = 21 cch
( )
( )
21 7
120 40
n A
p A
n
= = =

b) Tnh xc sut ca cc bin c : B : Hai bi cng mu
2
16
C = 120 cch
+ S cch chn 2 bi cng mu l
2
9
C = 36 cch
( )
( )
36 3
120 10
n B
p B
n
= = =

c) Tnh xc sut ca cc bin c : C : Hai bi cng mu ,
2
16
C = 120 cch
+ TH 1 : S cch chn 2 bi cng mu trng l
2
7
C = 21 cch
TH 2 : S cch chn 2 bi cng mu l
2
9
C = 36 cch
S phn t ca C l n(C) = 21 + 36 = 57
( )
( )
57 19
120 40
n C
p C
n
= = =

d) Tnh xc sut ca cc bin c : D : Hai bi khc mu
2
16
C = 120 cch
+
1 bi mu trng 1 bi
S cch chn
1
7
C
1
9
C
S cch chn 2 bi khc mu l
1 1
7 9
. 63 C C = cch
S phn t ca D l n(D) = 63
+ Vy xc sut ca D l ( )
( )
( )
63 21
120 40
n D
p D
n
= = =

BT 24: Mt ci bnh ng 4 qu cu xanh v 6 qu cu vng. Ly ra 3 qu cu t bnh.
Tnh xc sut
a/ c ng 2 qu cu xanh ;
b/ c hai mu ;
c/ c t nht 2 qu cu xanh.
a) Tnh xc sut c ng 2 qu cu xanh ;
+ S cch chn ngu nhin 3 qu cu l
3
10
C = 120 cch
+ Gi A : c ng 2 qu cu xanh
2 qu cu xanh 1 qu cu vng
S cch chn
2
4
C
1
6
C
S cch chn c ng 2 qu cu xanh l
2
4
C .
1
6
C = 36 cch
( )
( )
36 3
120 10
n A
p A
n
= = =

b) Tnh xc sut c hai mu ;
3
10
C = 120 cch
+ Gi B : c hai mu
TH 1 2 qu cu xanh 1 qu cu vng
S cch chn
2
4
C
1
6
C
S cch chn trong trng hp ny l
2
4
C .
1
6
C = 36 cch
S cch chn
1
4
C
2
6
C
1
4
C .
2
6
C = 60 cch
S cch chn c hai mu l 36 + 60 = 96 cch
( )
( )
96 4
120 5
n B
p B
n
= = =

c) Tnh xc sut c t nht 2 qu cu xanh.
Cch 1 :
3
10
C = 120 cch
+ Gi C : c t nht 2 qu cu xanh
S cch chn
2
4
C
1
6
C
2
4
C .
1
6
C = 36 cch
S cch chn
3
4
C
0
6
C
3
4
C .
0
6
C = 4 cch
S cch chn c t nht 2 qu cu xanh l 36 + 4 = 40 cch
( )
( )
40 1
120 3
n C
p C
n
= = =

Cch 2 :
3
10
C = 120 cch
+ Gi C : c t nht 2 qu cu xanh
Tm phn b :
S cch chn
0
4
C
3
6
C
0
4
C .
3
6
C = 20 cch
S cch chn
1
4
C
2
6
C
1
4
C .
2
6
C = 60 cch
S cch chn c t nht 2 qu cu xanh l 120 20 60 = 40 cch
( )
( )
40 1
120 3
n C
p C
n
= = =

BT 25: C hai hp ng cc vin bi. Hp th nht ng 2 bi en, 3 bi trng. Hp th hai ng 4 bi en,
5 bi trng.
a/ Ly mi hp 1 vin bi. Tnh xc sut c 2 bi trng.
b/ Dn bi trong hai hp vo mt hp ri ly ra 2 bi. Tnh xc sut c 2 bi trng.
a) S cch ly mi hp 1 vin bi l
1 1
5 9
. 40 C C = cch
+ Gi A : c 2 bi trng
1 qu cu trng hp th nht 1 qu cu trng hp th hai
S cch chn
1
3
C
1
5
C
S cch chn c 2 bi trng l
1
3
C .
1
5
C = 15 cch
( )
( )
15 3
40 8
n A
p A
n
= = =

b) S cch ly 2 vin bi bt k l
2
14
91 C = cch
+ Gi B : c 2 bi trng
S cch chn c 2 bi trng l
2
8
28 C = cch
( )
( )
28 4
91 13
n B
p B
n
= = =

BT 26: Mt lp c 30 hc sinh, gm 8 hc sinh gii, 15 hc sinh kh v 7 hc sinh trung bnh. Chn ngu
nhin 3 em d i hi. Tnh xc sut
a/ 3 hc sinh c chn u l hc sinh gii ;
b/ c t nht mt hc sinh gii ;
c/ khng c hc sinh trung bnh.
a) Tnh xc sut 3 hc sinh c chn u l hc sinh gii ;
+ S cch chn ngu nhin 3 hc sinh l
3
30
4060 C = cch
S phn t ca l n() = 4060
+ Gi A : 3 hc sinh c chn u l hc sinh gii
S cch chn 3 hc sinh gii l
3
8
C = 56 cch
( )
( )
56 2
4060 145
n A
p A
n
= = =

b) Tnh xc sut c t nht mt hc sinh gii ;
Cch 1:
TH 1: 1 hc sinh gii + 1 hc sinh kh + 1 hc sinh trung bnh





Cch 2 :
3
30
4060 C = cch
S phn t ca l n() = 4060
+ Gi B : 3 hc sinh c chn c t nht mt hc sinh gii
Tm phn b :
TH 1 1 hc sinh kh 2 hc sinh trung bnh
S cch chn
1
15
C
2
7
C
S cch chn trong TH ny l
1
15
C .
2
7
C = 315 cch
S cch chn
2
15
C
1
7
C
2
15
C .
1
7
C = 735 cch
S cch chn
3
15
C
0
7
C
3
15
C .
0
7
C = 455 cch
S cch chn
0
15
C
3
7
C
0
15
C .
3
7
C = 35 cch
S cch chn 3 hc sinh trong c t nht mt hc sinh gii l 4060 - 315 735 455 35 = 2520 cch
( )
( )
2520 18
4060 29
n B
p B
n
= = =

c) Tnh xc sut khng c hc sinh trung bnh.
3
30
4060 C = cch
S phn t ca l n() = 4060
+ Gi C : 3 hc sinh c chn khng c hc sinh trung bnh
TH 1 1 hc sinh gii 2 hc sinh kh
S cch chn
1
8
C
2
15
C
1
8
C .
2
15
C = 840 cch
S cch chn
2
8
C
1
15
C
2
8
C .
1
15
C = 420 cch
S cch chn
3
8
C
0
15
C
3
8
C .
0
15
C = 56 cch
S cch chn
0
8
C
3
15
C
0
8
C .
3
15
C = 455 cch
S cch chn 3 hc sinh c chn khng c hc sinh trung bnh l 840 + 420 + 56 + 455 = 1771 cch
( )
( )
1771 253
4060 580
n C
p C
n
= = =

BT 30: Tm 3 s hng u ca mt cp s cng, bit
a)
1 5
4
2 0
14
u u
S
+ =
b)
2 5
4 3
12
2
u u
u u
+ =
c)
1 2 3
1 2 3
12
48
u u u
u u u
+ + =
d)
7 15
2 2
4 12
60
1170
u u
u u
+ =
+ =

a)
1 1
1 5 1 1
1
1 4
2( 4 ) 0
5 2 0 3 8 0 8
4(2 3 )
2 3 7 14 3 14
2
u u d
u u u d u
u d
u d S d
+ + =
+ = + = =

+
+ = = = =

+ u
2
= u
1
+ d = 8 + (-3) = 5
+ u
3
= u
1
+ 2d = 8 + 2.(-3) = 2
b)
2 5 1 1 1 1
4 3 1 1
12 4 12 2 5 12 1
2 3 ( 2 ) 2 2 2
u u u d u d u d u
u u u d u d d d
+ = + + + = + = =

= + + = = =

+ u
2
= u
1
+ d = 1 + 2 = 3
+ u
3
= u
1
+ 2d = 1 + 2.2 = 5
c)
( )( ) ( )( )
( )( )
( )( )
( )( )
1 1 1 1 1 2 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3
1
1 1 1
1
1 1 1
1
1 1 1 1 1
2 12 3 3 12 12
. 2 48 . 2 48 48
4
. 2 48
4
. 2 48
4
. 4 2(4 ) 48
u u d u d u d u u u
u u d u d u u d u d u u u
u d
u u d u d
d u
u u d u d
d u
u u u u u
+ + + + = + = + + =

+ + = + + = =

+ =

+ + =

+ + =

+ + =

BT 31: Tnh
20 20
; u s ca mt cp s cng bit a)
2 5
4 3
12
2
u u
u u
+ =
b)
2 3 5
1 6
11
18
u u u
u u
+ =
+ =

II. Hnh hc :
BT 3: Cho t din ABCD v 3 im I, K, H ln lt trn 3 cnh AB, BC, CD. Tm giao tuyn ca mt
phng (IHK) v mt phng (ACD) trong hai trng hp sau y :
a) IK song song vi AC. b) IK ct AC.
a) IK song song vi AC.
B
D
C
A
I
K
H
Q

* Ta c H (IHK)
H CD, m CD (ACD) H (ACD)
H l im chung ca mp (IHK) v (ACD) (1)
* Ta c
( (( ( ) )) )
( (( ( ) )) )
( (( ( ) )) ) / /
IK IHK
AC ACD
IK AC gt

(2)
* T (1) v (2) suy ra giao tuyn ca mp (IHK) v (ACD) l ng thng i qua H v song song vi IK, AC v
ct AD ti Q
b) IK ct AC.
F
E
B
D
C
A
I
K
H

* Ta c H (IHK)
H CD, m CD (ACD) H (ACD)
H l im chung ca mp (IHK) v (ACD) (3)
* Trong (ABC), gi E = IK AC
Ta c E IK, m IK (IHK) E (IHK)
E AC, m AC (ACD) E (ACD)
E l im chung ca mp (IHK) v (ACD) (4)
* T (3) v (4) suy ra HE l giao tuyn ca mp (IHK) v (ACD)
BT 4: Cho hnh chp S.ABCD, y ABCD l hnh bnh hnh, tm O. Gi H,K ln lt l trung im ca
SA, SB. Trn SC ly im M bt k (khc S v C).
a) Tm giao tuyn ca hai mt phng (SAC) v (SBD).
b) Tm giao tuyn ca hai mt phng (SAD) v (SBC)
c) Tm giao tuyn ca hai mt phng (HKM) v (SCD).
d) Tm giao im ca ng thng DK v mt phng (SAC).
a) Tm giao tuyn ca hai mt phng (SAC) v (SBD).
O
K
H
B
A
D
C
S
M

* Ta c S l im chung ca mp (SAC) v (SBD) (1)
* Ta c O AC, m AC (SAC) O (SAC)
O BD, m BD (SBD) O (SBD)
O l im chung ca mp (SAC) v (SBD) (2)
* T (1) v (2) suy ra SO l giao tuyn ca mp (SAC) v (SBD)
b) Tm giao tuyn ca hai mt phng (SAD) v (SBC)
* Ta c S l im chung ca mp (SAC) v (SBD) (3)
* Ta c
( (( ( ) )) )
( (( ( ) )) )
( (( ( ) )) ) / /
AD SAD
BC SBC
AD BC vi ABCDlahinhbinhhanh

(4)
* T (3) v (4) suy ra giao tuyn ca mp (SAD) v (SBC) l ng thng i qua S v song song vi AD, BC
c) Tm giao tuyn ca hai mt phng (HKM) v (SCD).

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