S GD & T VNH PHC

CHNH THC

K THI CHN HC SINH GII LP 12 NM HC 2008 200! THI M"N# H$% HC &D'() *)+ ),* -.() THPT/ (Thi gian lm bi: 180 pht, khng k thi gian giao )

C01 1. Hn hp A gm 2 kim loi X, Y c ha tr khng i. !i ha ho"n to"n #$,% (g& hn hp A trong o!i '( th) (c 2*,+ (g& hn hp hai o!it. ,-) l./ #$,% (g& hn hp A h0a tan ho"n to"n trong ')ng 'ch H1l th) (c 2 l3t kh3 (ktc&. 43nh 25 C01 22 46 1H+ (7" c8c ch.t 7 c9, i:) ki;n c<n thi-t&. 2i-t ph(9ng tr=nh ph>n ?ng i:) ch-@ aApirin 7" mBt/lAali!/lat. C01 32 1ho #C (g& hn hp A gm mDt kim loi ki:m E 7" mDt kim loi F ( ha tr GG& tan ho"n to"n 7"o H2 (c ')ng 'ch H 7" +,IC2 l3t H2 (ktc&. 1hia ')ng 'ch H th"nh hai ph<n JKng nha)@ Lh<n #@ MBm c cn th) (c *,#2(g& ch.t rNn Lh<n 2@ 1ho t8c 'Ong 7Pi +II ml ')ng 'ch H1l I,C$E th) (c k-t tQa Y. a. X8c nh hai kim loi 7" khRi l(ng mi kim loi trong #C (g& A. Hi-t E S +I J. 43nh khRi l(ng k-t tQa Y. C01 42 1ho $,I+ l3t (ktc& mDt hn hp kh3 X (gm hai ankan A, H k- ti-p nha) trong 'T/ ng Ung 7" mDt ankBn V& AOc W)a J=nh Xng ')ng 'ch Jrom th= ph>n ?ng 76a Q 7Pi #2 (g& Jrom. #. X8c nh cng th?c phYn tZ 7" [ th\ t3ch c8c ch.t trong X. Hi-t ##,% (g& X l"m m.t m") 76a Q #% (g& Jrom. 2. MRt ch8/ ho"n to"n ##,%(g& hn hp X JKng mDt l(ng o!i 76a Q, A>n ph]m Rt ch8/ (c h.p thO ho"n to"n 7"o J=nh (Y& ch?a 2 l3t ')ng 'ch ,a H I,+E. a. ^hRi l(ng J=nh (Y& t_ng l`n Jao nhi`) gam5 J. 43nh khRi l(ng c8c ch.t tan trong J=nh (Y&5 C01 52 1 Ja m)Ri A, H, 1 cQa cang mDt kim loi Eg 7" to t6 cang mDt a!it. 1ho A, H, 1 t8c 'Ong 7Pi nhbng l(ng nh( nha) cQa a!it H1l th= c cang mDt kh3 tho8t ra 7Pi tc l; mol t(9ng ?ng l" 2 @ + @ #. X8c nh A, H, 1 7" 7i-t ph(9ng tr=nh ph>n ?ng !>/ ra. C01 62 EDt hi'rocacJon A c #$I S EA S #dI. MRt ch8/ ho"n to"n m (g& A Ainh ra m (g& H 2 . A khng l"m m.t m") ')ng 'ch n(Pc Jrom, ceng khng t8c 'Ong 7Pi Jrom khi c mft JDt ANt nh(ng li t8c 'Ong 7Pi Jrom khi chi-) A8ng to th"nh mDt 'gn !).t monoJrom ')/ nh.t. M)n nng A 7Pi mDt l(ng '( ')ng 'ch ^En +, ri a!it ha ')ng 'ch JKng a!it H1l, th= th) (c mDt ch.t rNn m") trNng H. M)n khan H Ainh ra hp ch.t 1 chc ch?a hai ng)/`n tR trong phYn tZ. #. X8c nh cng th?c 9n gi>n 7" cng th?c phYn tZ cQa A. 2. X8c nh cng th?c c.) to cQa A, H, 1 7" 7i-t c8c ph(9ng tr=nh ph>n ?ng !>/ ra. C01 72 ^im loi A ph>n ?ng 7Pi phi kim H to hp ch.t 1 m") 7"ng cam. 1ho I,# mol hp ch.t 1 ph>n ?ng 7Pi 1 2 ('(& to th"nh hp ch.t V 7" 2,+ (g& H. H0a tan ho"n to"n V 7"o n(Pc, (c ')ng 'ch V. V)ng 'ch V ph>n ?ng h-t #II ml ')ng 'ch H1l #E gi>i phng #,#2 l3t kh3 1 2 (ktc&. #. X8c nh A, H, 1, V. 2. 2i-t c8c ph(9ng tr=nh ph>n ?ng !>/ ra. Hi-t hp ch.t 1 ch?a +$,Id[ H thBo khRi l(ngh hp ch.t V khng J phYn t3ch khi nng ch>/. iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHj4iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii

S GD&T VNH PHC

H8NG D9N CH:M M"N# H$% HC &D'() *)+ ),* -.() THPT/ .?@

C01 N<. =1(> -; C01 ki> AZ X c ha tr n 7" c AR mol l" a 1 Y c ha tr m 7" c AR mol l" J & 1A/ l9 cho m nhnn BlBtron Xno o nB X Ymo o mB Y 2 m2 2 o +B H2 2Ho o 2B 4hBo J"i ta c@
mO2 = 2*, + #$, % = #2,*( g &
2

I.$

pq nO =

pq a.n + b.m = +nO = 2nH pq AR mol H2 p 2. I,+ p I,*(mol& pq 2 p I,*.22,+ p #d,r2 (l3t& i Hsc Ainh l"m thBo c8ch kh8c 7gn t3nh Q AR i\m n-) tng C01 2 18c ph(9ng tr=nh@ #$II & 1A/ 21H+ 12H2 o CH2 1%H% C12H2 %II !e 1%H$Hr o HHr 1%H% o Hr2 t t ,p 1%H$Hr o 2,a H 1%H$ ,a o ,aHr o H2
2 2 I I I I
ONa OH COONa

e ( cho &

#2,* = I, +(mol & C2 = ne ( nhan &

I.$

o1

p (cao&, tI
2

H 1 ,a

H 1 o H1l H o ,a1l
OOCCH3 COOH COOH

OH

o (1HC1 &2

o 1HC1

I.2$

AApirin
OH COOH OH COOCH3

1HC H

H2l

I.2$
o H2

mBt/lAali!/lat Mi:) ch-@ 1HC H

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+ 2+ 2 $

I.2$

I.2$

n nH = 22, + = I,#*(mol & t6 (#& 7" (2& pq a o 2J p 2.I,#* p I,C% (w& ^hi c cn ph<n # th) (c @ *,#2(g& ch.t rNn pq n-) c cn c> ')ng 'ch A th= khRi l(ng ch.t rNn l" #%,2+(g&. 4rong ch.t rNn c (a m 2J& mol E H 7" J mol E2F 2 pq (a m 2J&( E o #d& o J ( 2E o F o C2& p #%,2+ aE o #da oJF m 2J p #%,2+ (ww& 46 J"i ta c@ aE o JF p #C (www& 46 (w&, (ww&, (www& pq a p I,2 J p I,I* 4ha/ a, J 7"o (www& pq 2IE o *F p #CII E d 2C Cr F #+$ #I$ %$ 2n/ chc c tr(xng hp E l" ^ 7" F l" yn l" thza mTn. ^hRi l(ng mi kim loi trong A@ E^ p I,2.Cr p d,*(g& Eyn p I,I*.%$ p $,2(g& J& trong ph<n 2@ c I,I+ mol ^2yn 2 7" I,I2 mol ^ H nH1l p I,+.I,C$ p I,#+(mol& Lh(9ng tr=nh ph>n ?ng@ ^1l o H2 (C& ^ H o H1l 2^1l o yn( H&2 (+& ^2yn 2 o 2H1l yn1l2 o 2H2 yn( H&2 o 2H1l ($& 46 c8c ph>n ?ng pq AR mol yn '( W)a ($& l"@
2

+, IC2

I.d$

I.2$ I.$

I.2$

I.2$

I,I+ i

# ( I,#+ m I,I2 m I,I*& p I,I2 (mol& 2

pq khRi l(ng k-t tQa Y l"@ I,I2.rr p #,r*(g& i ph<n (a& (c #,2$ . 4rong n-) th"nh lnp -n ph(9ng tr=nh li`n h; E 7Pi F (c I,d$

ki>i ra k-t W)> c8c ch.t I,$ i ph<n (J& (c I,$ trong ph(9ng tr=nh I,2$ 7" k-t W)> t3nh I,2$ . C01 4 ksi cng th?c cQa 2 ankan l" n H 2 n +2 ( #S n S +& &220 1ng th?c cQa ankBn l" 1mH2m ( 2 m +& A/ 1mH2mHr2 (#& Lh(9ng tr=nh@ 1mH2m o Hr2 nX = 22, + = I, 22$( mol &
n%&2 = #2 = I, Id$(mol & #%I #% = I,#( mol & #%I $, I+

pq AR mol 1mH2m p I,Id$(mol&. #. 4rong ##,%(g& X c AR mol 1mH2m p n%& =

2

pq nX p

I,#.I, 22$ = I,C(mol & I, Id$

pq AR mol ankan p I,2 (mol& 4hBo khRi l(ng@ ##,% p I,#.#+m o I,2( #+ n o2& pq m o 2 n p * m 2 C + C 2,$ 2 n 4r(xng hp m p 2 7" m p + J loi 7= hai ankan l" ng Ung k- ti-p thi n khng th\ l" AR ng)/`n. pq ankan l" 12H% 7" 1CH* ankBn l" 1CH% t6 n p 2,$ pq AR mol 2 ankan JKng nha) p I,# (mol& 2n/ [ thBo th\ t3ch cQa X l"@ [12H% p [1CH% p [1CH* p CC,CC[ 2. Lh(9ng tr=nh@ 21 2 o CH2 (2& 12H% o C,$ 2 C1 2 o CH2 (C& 1CH% o +,$ 2 C1 2 o +H2 1CH* o $ 2 (+& 4hBo ph>n ?ng@ pq n O = I,#(C + 2 + C& = I,*(mol &
2

I.$

I.2$

I.$

I.2$

nH 2O = I,#.C + I,#.C + I,#.+ = #( mol &

I.2$

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I.2$

2n/ m)Ri c th\ l"@ Eg1 Ch Eg(H1 C&2h (Eg H&21 C 18c ph(9ng tr=nh ph>n ?ng. Eg1l2 o 1 2 o H2 Eg1 C o 2H1l a au2 Eg1l2 o 21 2 o 2H2 Eg(H1 C&2 o 2H1l a a 2Eg1l2 o 1 2 o CH2 (Eg H&21 C o +H1l a au+ i X8c nh (c m)Ri cho I,$, 7i-t tng c8c ph(9ng tr=nh I,$ C01 6 ksi cng th?c cQa A l" 1!H/ ' ' &2A/ 1!H/ o ( ( + & 2 !1 2 o H2
+ 2

I.$

I.$

m(g& m(g& pq #2! o / p r/ pq !@/ p 2@C pq cng th?c thXc nghi;m cQa A (12HC&n #$I S EA S #dI pq $,$% S n S %,2r pq n p % 1ng th?c phYn tZ cQa A@ 1#2H#* 2& A khng ph>n ?ng 7Pi ')ng 'ch Hr2 pq A khng c li`n k-t pi k~m J:n ( ankBn, ankin..& A khng ph>n ?ng 7Pi Hr2uB A o Hr2 uAl chc th) (c mDt 'gn !).t monoJrom ')/ nh.t pq cng th?c c.) to cQa A@
CH3 H3C CH3

I.$ I.2$

H3C CH3

CH3

I.2$
O O O

cng th?c cQa H 7" 1

COOH HOOC HOOC COOH COOH COOH O O

O O O

I.$

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nH+

n p CO
2

0,1 2 p 0,05 1

A)/ ra h9p ch.t D l" m)Ri cacJonat kim loi. h9p ch.t D khng J phYn t3ch khi nng ch>/, 7n/ D l" cacJonat kim loi ki:m. 2 Ho ) 1 C2i p H2 ) 1 2 C ) 1 2 p D ) B C l" pBro!it ha/ A)pBro!it, B l" o!i. Mft cng th?c ho8 hsc cQa C l" C!$/ . {(ng o!i trong I,# mol C (C!$/ & l" #% ! I,I$ ) 2,+ p C,2 (g&h m1 p 45,07 p d,# gam Ec p d,# @ I,# p d# (gumol&. l" ^21 C 18c ph(9ng tr=nh ph>n ?ng@
3,2.100

I.$

mA trong 1 p d,# i C,2 p C,r (g&.

2

3,9 3,2 ! @ / p M : 16 EA p Cr (g&. 2n/ C l" ^ h B l" A

h C l" ^

hD

I.$

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