:, ,

:
II2


1 .................................................................................................................................3
1.1 .................................................................................................................................3
1.2 ..............................................................................................................................3
1.3 ..............................................................................................................................3
1.4 .................................................................................................................................3
2 .............................................................................................4
3 ............................................................................................................5
3.1 ...................................................................................................................7
4 .................................................................................................................................7

1
1.1

Ca 20.

, .
. .
CaCO3.
CaCO3, Ca(HCO3)2
CaSO4. ,
CaF.
.
.
1.2

CaCl2, CaF KCl, 800 C.

, CaO

. 1200 C.
1.3

1808 .

calx, . .
1.4

, - .
, ,
,
,
.

 :
2Ca + O2=2CaO
,
:
Ca + 2H2O Ca(OH)2+2
.

, CaO, . Toj
, . ,
-.
- , .
.
.
CaO + H2O = Ca(OH)2+T

CaCO3 = CaO +CO2

CaCO3,

. , .
. .
. .

.
: , , , ,
. .

. (mrmaron)
(mrmaros) .
. ,
, .
.
, ,
. ,
.
.
.
.
.

: ,

,
, . , ,
.
.
.
( , ).

( ).

CaCO3
, CO2
Ca(HCO3).
CaCO3 + H2O + CO2 = Ca(HCO3)

.
.
Ca(HCO3)--CaCO3 + H2O + CO2

3.1

CaSO4x2H2O.
.
. ,
, ,
.

. ,

. (
). , 1
( , ).