Comparison

S. No. 1 2 3 4 Double Pass RO Efficiency greater than 97% Capital Cost is high Maintenance cost is low Maintenance includes only replacement of membranes Replacement of membranes, time schedule - greater than 5 years Single Pass RO + Mixed Bed Efficiency greater than 99 % Capital Cost is low Maintenance cost is high If mixed bed is damaged then the whole system has to be replaced. Depends upon the handling of mixed bed and recharging of resin- time schedule 4~5 years Periodic procurement of resin, acidic & alkaline solutions are required Maintain the stock of acidic & alkaline solution for smooth running of plant

No issue of periodic procurement

7 8

No issue of stock Due to compact design, RO units are extremely space-saving

9 10 11 12

Manpower is required for regeneration of acidic & alkaline solutions. Less Manpower Conductivity of premeate is high Conductivity of premeate is low Bestway Cement Limited Chakwal has Double Pass RO System D.G. Khan Cement Limited Chakwal has Double Pass RO System with EDI(ElectroDeionization) to resolve the conductivity issue. An EDI plant is used after RO for polishing of demineralized water to obtain low levels of conductivity and silica. EDI is an alternative to a conventional mixed-bed polisher

13