Immigration 1865-1920

Immigration
Old Immigrants Northern & Western Europe New Immigrants Southern & Eastern Europe, S. America, and Asia

Immigration - Leaving
Pushes Poverty Overcrowding Religious persecution Ethnic Persecution Pulls Freedom of Religion Democratic Government Economic Opportunities in the Great Plains Industrial Jobs Inexpensive one way passage

Immigrations
Ellis Island, New York
12 day trip in steerage European

Angel Island, San Francisco

Asian immigrants

Examinations
Weed out unhealthy & communists

Immigration
Many children wanted to assimilate Older immigrants wanted to preserve their culture Language and Religion

Immigration - Enclaves
Ghettos/Ethnic Communities Preserve Language and Religion Urban areas Organized around a Church or Synagogue Priest or Rabbi were very important

Nativism
Movement opposed to immigration Blamed Immigrants for social problems alcoholism, prostitution, unemployment, and crime Believed in:
Social Darwinism Nordic Myth

Immigration - Nativism
1882 Chinese Exclusion Act prohibited Chinese workers from entering U.S. 1885 Contract Labor Prohibited 1908 Gentlemans Agreement Japan restricts emigration and the U.S. protects Japanese in America 1917 Immigration Act of 1917 required literacy