Myology(Ⅲ )

Section3

Muscles of head
and neck
一 . Muscles of head
Facial muscles:
Epicranius (occipitofrontalis)
Frontal belly
Occipital belly
Galea aponeurotica
Orbicularis oculi
Buccinator
Orbicularis oris
Nasalis
Frontal belly of
occitofrontalis

orbicularis
oculi Levator labii
superioris
Levator anguli
oris
Orbicularis Depressor labii
oris inferioris
Depressor
anguli oris
masticatory muscles
Masseter ：
Origin － inferior border Temporalis
and medial surface of
zygomatic arch
Insertion － lateral
surface of ramus of
mandible and angle of
mandible Masseter
Temporalis ：
Origin － temporal
fossa
Insertion － coronoid
process of mandible
action ： masseter, temporalis --- elevates mandible
— close the mouth
masticatory muscles
lateral pterygoid
medial pterygoid
lateral pterygoid

action ：
medial
Medial pterygoid— pterygoid
elevates
mandible—close the mouth

Lateral pterygoid—pull
the head of mandible
forwards--- open the mouth
二 . Muscles of neck
1. superficial group
Platysma
Sternocleidomastoid
Origins: manubrium and
medial1/3 of clavicle
Insertion: mastoid process
of temporal bone;
Actions: acting alone, the
head is inclined ipsilateral
and the face is rotated to
opposite side; acting
together, they extend the
head.
2. suprahyoid muscles

Anterior belly
Digastric
Posterior belly

Mylohyoid
Stylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Action:elevate (raise)
hyoid bone and depress
mandible.
3. infrahyoid muscles

sternohyoid
omohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid

Action: depress hyoid

or larynx
4.The deep cervical muscles

A. lateral goup
scalenus anterior
scalenus medius
scalenus posterior

scalene fissure ：
it is bounded by the scalenus
anterior and medius and first
rib ， it contains the subclavian
a and brachial plexus.
4.The deep cervical muscles

B. medial group ：
longus colli
longus capitis

action ： laterally flex the

neck to the same side and
rotate the cervical region
of the vertebral column to
the opposite side.