ng xc nh bi h phng trnh n trong 3

1. nh ngha
Trong 3 vi h ta Oxyz, cho 2 hm s kh vi
cng xc nh trn tp m U cha trong 3 l
( x, y, z ) a F ( x, y, z )
( x, y, z ) a G ( x, y ,z )
Tp cc im ( x, y, z ) U tha mn
F ( x, y , z ) = 0

G ( x, y, z ) = 0
c gi l ng xc nh bi h phng trnh n
trong 3
x + y + z 5 = 0
V d

2 x + 7 z 1 = 0
2. im chnh quy v tip tuyn ca ng
a, im ( x0, y0, z0 ) U thuc ng thng m
F F F

x y z

hng ca ma trn
=2
G G G
X y z

gi l im chnh quy, nu b hn 2 l im k d ca
ng
b, Ti im chnh quy ca ng xc nh bi h pt
n cho c 1 tp m U cha im sao cho phn
ng cong cho nm trong tp m U l cung hnh
hc. Vy tip tuyn ca cung hnh hc ny ta im
chnh quy ( x0, y0, z0 )

y y0
x x0
zz0
=
=
F ' y 0 F ' z 0 F ' z 0 F ' x 0 F ' x0 F ' y 0
G ' y 0 G ' z 0 G ' z 0 G ' x0 G ' x0 G ' y 0
v nu, t a (t) = ((x(t), y(t), z(t)) l tham s ha ca
cung hnh hc , ( x( t0) = x0 , y( t0) = y0, z( t0) = z0 ),
th ly o hm cc ng nht thc
F(x(t), y(t), z(t)) 0
G(x(t), y(t), z(t)) 0
Ta c
Fx x + Fy y + Fz z 0
Gx x + Gy y + Gz z 0
Do , x(t0), y(t0), z(t0) t l vi ba nh thc cp
hai cc mu s ca phng trnh.