http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UAC-jAEmJMg&feature=re ate!

"#$ %&$ m't th(m fu

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=)*b*+,ac)po&feature=re ate! "-t %h$.m t/$ cao 0ph$m ho%g co%g1

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P. <rNQ%g <hL <ha%h BNQ%g V . <rW% <hL AgXc BY% Z. +K <hL M] +$%h U. Aguy^% <hL Fh(%h I$%h RSRTRUPR RSRTRZ[\ RSRTRUV[ RSRTRP\\
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Bnh Dng -09/4/2012

A35 8UA4

BI 1. XC NH TNG S I !H"#N HI$" !H%..........................................& BI 2. NH '()NG C*'I+*,- TNG S B.NG /H(0NG /H/ -/N...1 BI &. !I2- T,3 E.coli..........................................................................................9 BI 4. XC NH H*4T T%NH 5N67-5 C83 I SINH 9T.......................1:

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2:5 P: `6C ;aAB <bA4 Ic )5 FBUdA B5eU FBf

5. ;L%h %ghga vh %guyK% tic

; <h=>n h;?= <h@ AB nhCng D; <h=>n EFng EGHng DB hnh EhBnh <h=>n AIJ EGKng L;M= <;Nn JO PQ h;Nn R;Nn JST KUV WhXn EY. TZng P[ D; <h=>n h;?= <h@ h;Nn R;Nn EGKng \]= Jh^ Eh_ \`J La DN P;nh JST EhQJ Wh>\. Jh^ P[ nBV LbJ UcJ L_nh deng Whng WhcW L?\ <h=>n AIJ \fJ EGgn \h; EGing EhIJh R;nh Rjng Ek \aE Abng \]= UcJ L_nh EGgn J PH Ul\ 1 <h=>n AIJ AB P;nh <h[; WhcE EG;mn Ek 1 E? dBK h;Nn R;Nn EGKng \]= DB LbJ d;m= R;nn Ro; RIng P[ Ln D_ hnh EhBnh <h=>n AIJ pJKAKnV qKG\;ng =n;Er C+"s EGKng \aE Ln D_ <h[; EhQJ Wh>\. t=V EGnh WhXn E@Jh dTK gu\ JcJ doJv - CXn \]= - ung nhwE \]= - /hT AKxng EhBnh RxV JcJ nung La EhyW WhXn - Ch=Vmn DB WhXn Wh[; LM= \aE Ehm E@Jh UcJ L_nh \]= Agn \zE \h; EGing G{n EGKng L|T WlEG; deng Whng WhcW haW EG};r hKzJ haW LZ. - 8 H nh;NE La DB Ehi; g;Tn ~=V L_nh TGKng LOr L;M= <;Nn nh;NE La DB Ehi; g;Tn S EhTV LZ; E= EhlK Vg= J= WhXn E@Jh DB ~=V L_nh JST Ekng ~=[J g;T. T;g= Jh=>n JST Ekng ~=[J g;T ~=V L_nh S H &0 0 C EGKng & ngBV. -aE P[ E;g= Jh=>n <hcJ ~=V L_nh S H 20-22 0 C EGKng Jng Ehi; g;Tn EGgn. Ch^ E;g= D; P;nh DyE h;?= <h@ LbJ Rng Lm Lcnh g;c JhwE Abng JST \]= DM D; P;nh DyEr ng=V J gXV h hngr Ehi; g;Tn d}K ~=}n JST P}\ Wh>\r \`J La DN P;nh EGKng ~=c EGnh Jh? d;?nr d}K ~=}n P}n Wh>\.

55. 8j%g cj vh th$kt bL cW% chul% bL

n Junr R;g\ ~=E |T /lEG; t=l JwV /;WlE 1\Ar 10\A 4

5GAln 100\Ar 1:0\Ar2:0\A BlGJhlG :0\A ng ngh;N\ G;wV Ehw\ Cun 9 DB 10K -]= WhXn E@Jh v noJ Eh};

555. M/$ trNm%g vh hna chot

-h; EGing PY Rng AB /C3 JO /h 1r0 0r2. -h; EGing LbJ WhT Jh?r WhXn Wh[; DBK EGKng JcJ dnh EhSV E;nh hTV EGKng JcJ [ng ngh;N\ DB hwW <hY EGng H 121 KC EGKng 1: WhE. CcJ dnh hKzJ JcJ [ng ngh;N\ Jh`T \h; EGing JhT LbJ PY Rng LbJ d}K ~=}n EGKng ES AInh H 2- KC. TGoJ <h; PY Rng Wh}; L=n Jh}V DB AB\ ng=a; H 4: KC D=ng R_Jh noJ \=[; WlWEKnl S/ p STA;nl /lWEKn TElGs Rng Lm WhT AKxng. /hT 00\A -h; EGing /C3 WhT &:0\A

5).puy tr_%h phY% tqch

P.Chul% bL mru trNsc th$ phY% tqch - TGoJ <h; E;?n hBnh WhXn E@Jhr EhQJ h;Nn D;NJ Lung nhwE nh PT=v - [; Do; \]= RIng Angv hE 10\A JhK DBK dnh ET\ g;cJ Jh`T 90\A noJ S/ Lx LbJ hwW <hY EGngr A{J L;M=.
1 - D=ng R_Jh \]= Eh= LbJ JO La WhT AKxng AB 10 PK Do; dTn L=

- ST= LO Jh=Vmn 1\A R=ng R_Jh \]= DBK [ng ngh;N\ Jh`T 9\A R=ng R_Jh WhT AKxngr
2 A{J L;M=r R=ng R_Jh nBV JO La WhT AKxng AT 10 . ST= LO PY Rng Jng W;WlE hKzJ W;WlE\Tn

JO Jng L= E;W Jh=Vmn 1\A R_Jh \]= DBK [ng ngh;N\ Eh` 2 JO Jh`T 9\A R=ng R_Jh WhT
& AKxng DB EhTK EcJ Eng EQ Lm JO R_Jh \]= Do; La WhT AKxng 10 . T;?W EJ EhQJ h;Nn Eng

EQ Lm JO La WhT AKxng Jn Eh;?E V.Coy mru Chfn 2 hTV & La WhT AKxng A;gn E;?W RQ <;?n Jh`T 2:-2:0 E? dBK D; P;nhDyE EGKng 1\A Lm JwV Agn L|T WlWEG;. Dng W;WlW Dh EGng hKzJ W;WlW\Tn Do; L= E;W Dh EGng Jh=Vmn 1\A \]= WhT AKxng Lx Jhfn DBK g;CT WlWEG; Dh EGng. Tng `ng Do; \; La WhT AKxng JwV @E nhwE 2-& L|T. ST= <h; JwV LZ DBK \; L|T 10-1:\A \h; EGing /C3 Lx LbJ L=n Jh}V DB Zn L_nh H 4:
0

C. TGan L;M= R=ng R_Jh \]= Do; \h; EGing deng JcJh UKTV EGn L|T WlWEG; U=h; DB ngbJ
:

<;\ Lung hur \; Jh;M= 2-: An ngTV PT= <h; L \h; EGing. zE JcJ L|T EGgn \zE Whng ngTng \zE EhIJh Lhng LzJ. AyE ngbJ DB Ehi; g;Tn S JcJ L|T EGKng EGKng ES >\ H nh;NE La &040 0 C EGKng 12h. Z.<q%h to(% tkt uuv ?\ EwE J} JcJ <h=>n AIJ U=wE h;Nn EGgn L|T PT= <h; S.
N

3 pC+"/g hTV C+"/\As n V f + ... + n V f 1 1 2 2

TGKng LOv 3v P[ E? dBK p Ln D_ hnh EhBnh <h=>n AIJs EGKng 1g hTV 1\A \]= Nv P[ <h=>n AIJ L?\ LbJ H EwE J} JcJ L|T nv P[ Abng L|T JwV EI; nung La WhT AKxng Eng `ng v Ehm E@Jh \]= p\As JwV DBK EGKng \; L|T. qv nung La WhT AKxng Eng `ng. <r_%h tw t$k% hh%h: Chul% bL : -]= noJ Phng Jn <;m\ EGT 1 dnh ET\ g;cJ 2:0\A JO Jh`T 90\A R=ng R_Jh WhT AKxng \]= S/ & [ng ngh;N\r \; [ng Jh`T 9\A R=ng R_Jh WhT AKxng \]=. 1 dnh ET\ g;cJ Jh`T 0\A \h; EGing /ATEl CK=nE 3gTG p/C3s. 4 L|T WlEG; pLx LbJ hwW <hY EGngs. 'wV 10 \A \]= noJ Phng PT= <h; A{J LM=. JhK \]= DBK dnh ET\ g;cJ Jh`T 90\A R=ng R_Jh S/r A{J L;M= Gu; hE 1\A R=ng R_Jh JhK DBK [ng ngh;N\ 1 ET LbJ La WhT AKxng 10-2r E;?W EJ hE 1\A Ek [ng ngh;N\ 1 JhK DBK [ng ngh;N\ 2 ET LbJ La WhT AKxng 10-&. '= hIn Jh? ng=V J EIW nh;n\ EGKng EhTK EcJ. Chfn 2 [ng ngh;N\ JO La WhT AKxng AB 10 -2 DB 10-&. CwV 1\A R_Jh \]= WhT AKxng Ek \; [ng JhK DBK An AbE 2 L|T WlEG;. p Eng `ng Do; \; La WhT AKxng JwV 2 L|Ts.

<$k% hh%h :

ST= <h; JwVr LZ DBK \; L|T 1:\A \h; EGing /C3 Lx L=n Jh}V DBK Zn L_nh nh;NE La <hK}ng 4:0C. TGan LM= R_Jh \]= Do; \h; EGing deng JcJh UKTV EGn L|T WlEG; EhlK Jh;M= U=h; DB Jh;M= ngbJ <;\ Lung hu. l\ S H nh;NE La &0 0C EGKng <hK}ng 12h.

ST= Ehi; g;Tn S E;?n hBnh L?\ P[ Abng <h=>n AIJ H \; La WhT AKxng DB E@nh P[ Ln D_ hnh EhBnh <h=>n AIJ EGKng 1\A \]= noJ Phng.

MhY% tqch Pm mru %Nsc */%g cn tkt uuv %hN *au: Nung La WhT AKxngv !?E ~=}v |T 1 |T 2 10-2 4 & 2 10-&

& 1 U 1 U 10-2

&rU10 pC+"/ \As

&

Ah'% xyt: TZng Abng D; P;nh DyE h;?= <h@ EGKng 1\A noJ Phng AB &rU10& pC+"/\As -]= noJ <hhng LIE E;g= Jh=>n DM \zE D; P;nh <hhng Tn EKBn .

2:5 V: ;aAB +?zA4 C7+5{7>M <bA4 Ic 2|A4 MB?EA4 MB6M MMA

5.;L%h %ghga
P.Co% $form* t}%g *~ CKA;qKG\ AB nhCng EGQJ <h=>n GGT\ X\ <hhng P;nh dBK EYr h;?= <h@ hKzJ < <h@ EV r JO <h} nFng Agn \ln ATJEKPl P;nh TJ;R DB P;nh h; H &1 0C EGKng 24 4h.TGKng EhQJ E? WhXn E@Jhr CKA;qKG\P Jn LbJ L_nh ngh|T AB JcJ D; <h=>n JO <h} nFng Agn \ln P;nh h; EGKng <hK}ng 4h <h; LbJ S H &10C EGKng \h; EGing JTnh 'T=GVA S=AWhTEl DB JTnh BG;AA;TnE GGlln 'TJEKPl B;Al STAE. NhO\ CKA;qKG\P h;Nn R;Nn Gang Gx; EGKng EQ nh;gnr EGKng G=aE ngi;r Lang DyE. CKA;qKG\P LbJ Ul\ AB nhO\ D; P;nh DyE Jh^ Eh_v P[ Abng h;Nn R;Nn JST Jhng EGKng EhQJ Wh>\r noJ hTV JcJ AKI; \]= \h; EGing LbJ R=ng Lm Jh^ Eh_ <h} nFng h;Nn R;Nn JST JcJ D; P;nh DyE gXV dNnh <hcJ. Nh;M= ngh;gn J`= JhK EhwV <h; P[ CKA;qKG\P JST EhQJ Wh>\ JTK Eh <h} nFng h;Nn R;Nn JST JcJ D; P;nh DyE gXV dNnh <hcJ Jng JTK. T=V nh;gnr \[; ~=Tn hN g;CT D; P;nh DyE gXV dNnh DB D; P;nh DyE Jh^ Eh_ nBV D]n Jn nh;M= EGTnh Jx;. NhO\ CKA;qKG\P gu\ 4 g;[ng ABv 5PJhlG;Jh;T Do; 1 AKB; R=V nhwE AB 5.JKA;r C;EGKdTJElGr !AldP;AAT DB 5nElGKdTJElG. T@nh JhwE P;nh hOT LzJ EGng JST nhO\ nBV LbJ Ehm h;Nn ~=T JcJ EhY ngh;N\ InRKA pIsr -lEhVA ,lR p-,sr KglP-/GKP<T=lG p /s DB C;EGTEl p;Cs Ehing LbJ gf; EO\ E{E AB I- ;C. V. phNQ%g ph(p MMA /hng WhcW -/N Jn LbJ gf; AB Whng WhcW WhT AKxng Eo; hIn hTV Whng WhcW Jh=>n La. XV AB Whng WhcW Rng Lm Lcnh g;c P[ Abng D; P;nh DyE JO UcJ U=wE Aon nhwE h;Nn R;Nn EGKng \aE Ln D_ Ehm E@Jh \]=. XV AB Whng WhcW L_nh Abng RQT EGgn <?E ~=} E@nh JST \aE AKIE Eh@ ngh;N\ LbJ AzW AI; H \aE P[ La WhT AKxng <hcJ nhT=. Thhng Ehing r D;NJ L_nh Abng nBV LbJ EhQJ h;Nn AzW AI; & An H & La WhT AKxng dyJ 10 A;gn E;?Wr EZng Jang &U& 9 [ng ngh;N\.

t=V EGnh EhQJ h;Nn L_nh Abng EhlK Whng WhcW nBV AB nh PT=v JhK DBK JcJ [ng ngh;N\ JO Jh`T \h; EGing Eh@Jh hbW JhK PQ EFng EGHng JST L[; Ebng D; P;nh DyE Jn L_nh Abng \aE Ehm E@Jh Jh@nh UcJ R=ng R_Jh \]= H & nung La WhT AKxng dyJ 10 A;gn E;?W. S H nh;NE La DB Ehi; g;Tn Eh@Jh hbW. DQT DBK <?E ~=} d;m= <;?n Jh`ng \;nh PQ EFng EGHng JST D; P;nh DyE Jn <;m\ L_nh EGKng Ekng [ng ngh;N\r gh; nhyn P[ [ng ngh;N\ Rng E@nh H Ekng La WhT AKxng. SY Rng P[ A;N= nBV RQT DBK d}ng -TJ CGTRV P=V GT \yE La D; P;nh DyE LbJ EGnh dBV Ro; RIng P[ -/N/100\A hTV P[ -/N/g \]=. a Jh@nh UcJ JST EG_ P[ -/N Wh Eh=aJ DBK P[ [ng ngh;N\ AzW AI; JBng JTK Eh La Jh@nh UcJ JST EG_ P[ -/N JBng Aon.

55. AguyK% tic "L%h NO%g Co $form* b%g phNQ%g ph(p MMA
/hng WhcW nBV RQT DBK ng=Vgn E{J \]= LbJ WhT AKxng EhBnh \aE RxV EhyW WhXn phT; nung La <? E;?W nhT= <hcJ nhT= 10 Ans & hKzJ : \]= JO La WhT AKxng EhyW WhXn A;gn E;?W LbJ S EGKng [ng ngh;N\ Jh`T \h; EGing Eh@Jh hbW JO [ng d]V <h@ D=GhT\. -; nung La WhT AKxng LbJ S Ek & L?n : [ng AzW AI;. ThlK R; PQ P;nh h; DB PQ LZ; \B= Lm L_nh E@nh PQ h;Nn R;Nn EGKng Ekng [ng EhY ngh;N\ LXV AB JcJ [ng Rng E@nh. Gh; nhyn P[ [ng ngh;N\ JhK Wh}n `ng Rng E@nh H \; nung La WhT AKxng DB RQT DBK d}ng -/N Lm P=V GT P[ Abng D; P;nh DyE Eng `ng h;Nn R;Nn EGKng 1g phKzJ 1\As \]= dTn L=. <r_%h tw t$k% hh%h: Chul% bL : - SY Rng AI; & [ng ngh;N\ JO nung LZ WhT AKxng \]= An AbE AB 10-2r 10-&r 10-4 H dB; 2. - 9 [ng ngh;N\r \; [ng Jh`T 10\A JTnh BGB' DB JO [ng d]V <h@ D=GhT\ <$k% hh%hv - T=n EQ hE 1\A R_Jh WhT AKxng \]= H [ng ngh;N\ JO nung La 10-2 JhK DBK & [ng ngh;N\ Jh`T JTnh BGB'r EhQJ h;Nn Eng EQ Do; JcJ [ng ngh;N\ JO La WhT AKxng 10 -& DB 10-4 . l\ S JcJ [ng ngh;N\ H nh;NE La &10J EGKng Ehi; g;Tn 4h. Gh; nhyn P[ [ng Rng E@nh p LZ; \B= DB P;nh h;s Eng `ng Do; \; La WhT AKxng.
Fkt uuv: ST= 4 g;i ~=Tn PcE v

a WhT AKxng S[ [ng ngh;N\ Rng E@nh ps

10-2 2

10-& &

10-4 &

S[ -/N/\A :& 9

2:5 U : F5M <>A E.coli.

AguyK% tic:
E.coli EGKng \]= noJ hTV EhQJ Wh>\ JO Ehm LbJ UcJ L_nh deng hng WhcW -/N Eng EQ nh L_nh Abng CKA;qKG\ deng Whng WhcW -/N p dB; &s. TGKng LO EhQ ngh;N\ <hng L_nh E.coli RQT DBK EhY ngh;N\ <h} nFng P;nh InRKAlr P;nh TJ;R p EhY -lEhVA ,lRsr <hhng P;nh 3JlEK;n p EhY ngh;N\ KglP- /GKP<T=lGs DB <hhng Rng C;EGTEl p EhY ngh;N\ <h} nFng d;?n Rjng C;EGTEls AB\ ng=un CTGdKn R=V nhwEr gf; E{E AB I- ;C - -.

P. <h %gh$.m thv %%g *$%h 5%!o e.

AguyK% tic: Dng Lm WhXn d;NE nhCng D; P;nh DyE JO <h} nFng WhXn hSV TGVWEKWhTnl EIK InRKAl RK JO lnV\l TGVWEKWhTnTPl.
ase InRKAl TGVWEKWhTnl tryptophan

-h; EGing PY Rng AB noJ /lWEKnl. Th=[J EhY v !KDTlP hKzJ 5GA;Jh.p nh : g;fE DBK \; [ng ngh;N\ PT= <h; Ss !?E ~=} Rng E@nh n?= R=ng R_Jh \h; EGing U=wE h;Nn Dng \B= L JO PQ h;Nn R;Nn JST ;nRKAl

!?E ~=} X\ E@nh n?= R=ng R_Jh \h; EGing <hhng LZ; \B= <hhng JO PQ h;Nn R;Nn JST ;nRKAl

C(c bNsc t$k% hh%h Ch=>n d_ 2 [ng ngh;N\ Jh`T :\A \h; EGing WlWEKnl H \; [ng p 1 [ng L[; Jh`ngr 1 [ng Jh`T \]= s. Dng ~=l JwV \OJ AwV <h=>n AIJ D; P;nh DyE Jn <;m\ EGT JhK DBK [ng Jh`T \]=. ST= LO Ll\ J} 2 [ng ngh;N\ L; S H &10C EGKng 24 4 h. ST= Ehi; g;Tn Sr Ll\ nh DBK \; [ng : g;fE Eh=[J EhY 5GA;Jh/!KDTP DB ~=Tn PcE h;Nn Ebng.

10

B_%h : Fkt uuv phv% %g 5%!o e *au th$ %h thu~c th Er $ch/Fova* Fkt uuv: D=ng R_Jh EGKng [ng Jh`T \]= th/%g "}$ mhu <?E ~=} Ym tq%h. 4$v$ thqch: Th=[J EhY 5GA;Jh \Tng g[J TARlhVA <hhng <?E hbW Do; InRKAl EIK \B= L Ah'% xyt: TGKng [ng Jh`T \]= <hhng JO D; P;nh DyE JO <h} nFng EhSV WhXn TGVWEKWhTnl P;nh InRKAl.

V. <h %gh$.m thv %%g *$%h Ac$! 0 th %gh$.m Methy >e!1

AguyK% tic: Dng Lm WhXn d;NE nhCng D; P;nh DyE JO <h} nFng P}n P;nh DB R=V EG JcJ P}n Wh>\ d;?n Rjng JO E;nh TJ;Rr dMn Do; \h; EGingr Jh^ Eh_ -lEhVA ,lR Rng Lm Jh^ Eh_ nung La H EGKng \h; EGing . Th=[J EhY v -lEhVA ,lR p nh : g;fE DBK \; [ng ngh;N\ PT= <h; Ss WH 4r4 p \h; EGing JO \B= Ls 4r: WH :r p \h; EGing JO \B= JT\.s WH p \h; EGing JO \B= DBng.s

!?E ~=} Rng E@nh n?= R=ng R_Jh \h; EGing JO \B= L D; P;nh DyE JO <h} nFng EIK P}n Wh>\ d;?n Rjng JO E@nh TJ;R !?E ~=} X\ E@nh n?= R=ng R_Jh Jh=Vmn PTng \B= DBng D; P;nh DyE <hhng JO <h} nFng EIK P}n Wh>\ d;?n Rjng JO E@nh TJ;R Cn Ll\ S Ehg\ n?= \h; EGing JO \B= JT\
11

*LU v n?= \h; EGing U=wE h;Nn \B= JT\ Jhng ET Jn S Ehg\ Ehi; g;Tnr n?= Ek \B= JT\ Jh=Vmn PTng \B= L ET <?E A=yn <?E ~=} Rng E@nhr Jn n?= D]n \B= JT\ Eh <?E A=yn <?E ~=} X\ E@nh -h; EGing PY Rng AB \h; EGing -, /. C(c bNsc t$k% hh%h: Ch=>n d_ 2 [ng ngh;N\ Jh`T :\A \h; EGing -, - / H \; [ng p 1 [ng L[; Jh`ngr 1 [ng Jh`T \]= s. Dng ~=l JwV \OJ AwV <h=>n AIJ D; P;nh DyE Jn <;m\ EGT JhK DBK [ng Jh`T \]=. ST= LO Ll\ J} 2 [ng ngh;N\ L; S H &10C EGKng 24 4 h. ST= Ehi; g;Tn Sr Ll\ nh DBK \; [ng : g;fE Eh=[J EhY -lEhVA ,lR DB ~=Tn PcE h;Nn Ebng.

B_%h: phv% %g Methy >e! *au th$ %h thu~c th Fkt uuv: D=ng R_Jh EGKng [ng Jh`T \]= cn mhu cam p<hhng JO \B= Ls phv% %g Ym tq%h 4$v$ thqch: ThBnh Whn Jh@nh JST \h; EGing -, / AB GA=JKPl DB /lWEKnlr Jh^ nhCng D; P;nh DyE nBK JO <h} nFng KU; hOT GA=JKPl Lm EIK GT nFng Abng JhK hKIE Lang P;nh EGHng Lung Ehi; EIK GT JcJ P}n Wh>n d;?n Rjng JO E@nh TJ;R \o; AB\ TJ;R hOT \h; EGingr RK LO JO AB\ LZ; \B= JST -lEhVA ,lRr Jn nhCng D; P;nh DyE <hhng EIK GT JcJ P}n Wh>\ d;?n Rjng JO E@nh TJ;R p \h; EGing D]n AB \h; EGing EG=ng E@nhs P <hhng AB\ EhTV LZ; \B= JST -lEhVA ,lR. Ah'% xyt: TGKng [ng Jh`T \]= <hhng JO D; P;nh DyE JO <h} nFng EIK GT JcJ P}n Wh>\ d;?n Rjng JO E@nh TJ;R.
12

Z. <h %gh$.m th/%g *$%h Aceto$% 0 th %gh$.m )oge* Mro*tauer 0)M1

AguyK% tic: - /h}n `ng EhY / Rng Lm WhXn d;NE JcJ D; P;nh DyE JO <h} nFng P;nh 3JlEK;n p \h; EGing EG=ng E@nhs.
- 2r& B=ETnlR;KA 02 3JlEK;n 02 D;TJlEVA. p \h; EGing H LXV AB -E <;M\s - D;TJlEVA G=Tn;R;nl - Th=[J EhY v

/h`J \B= L

- G=TR;n;nl JO EGKng \h; EGing WlWEKn

-NTWhEhK p g;fEsr NT*H 40 hKzJ !*H 40 p2 g;fEs

- !?E ~=} Rng E@nh n?= R=ng R_Jh \h; EGing JO \B= L D; P;nh DyE JO Ehm EIK GT 3JlEK;n.

- !?E ~=} X\ E@nh n?= R=ng R_Jh \h; EGing <hhng LZ; \B= dTn L=. <hhng JO D; P;nh DyE JO Ehm EIK GT 3JlEK;n. C(c bNsc t$k% hh%h: Ch=>n d_ 2 [ng ngh;N\ Jh`T :\A \h; EGing -, - / H \; [ng p 1 [ng L[; Jh`ngr 1 [ng Jh`T \]= s. Dng ~=l JwV \OJ AwV <h=>n AIJ D; P;nh DyE Jn <;m\ EGT JhK DBK [ng Jh`T \]=. ST= LO Ll\ J} 2 [ng ngh;N\ L; S H &10C EGKng 24 4 h. ST= Ehi; g;Tn Sr Ll\ nh DBK \; [ng g;fE Eh=[J EhY -NTWhEhKA DB 2 g;fE NT*H 40 hKzJ !*H 40 r Lb; 20 WhE PT= LO ~=Tn PcE h;Nn Ebng. Fkt uuv: ST= 4 g;i nh g;fE -nTWhEhKA PT= LO nh 2 g;fE NT*H/!*H 40 A{J LM= Lm Vgn EGKng &0 WhE ~=Tn PcE ET EhwV cn mhu " xuot h$.% - <?E ~=} !NQ%g tq%h. 4$v$ thqch: P;nh P;nh DyE EGKng [ng Jh`T \]= JO <h} nFng P;nh 3JlEK;n ngn EIK Wh`J \B= L Do; G=Tn;R;nl. Ah'% xyt: TGKng \]= JO D; P;nh DyE JO <h} nFng P}n P;nh TJlEK;n.

U.<h %gh$.m thv %%g b$k% !N%g C$trate

1&

AguyK% tic: Dng Lm WhXn d;NE nhCng D; P;nh DyE JO <h} nFng PY Rng C;EGTEl nh AB ng=un J=ng JwW CTGdKn R=V nhwE. NhCng D; P;nh DyE nBV Jng Lung Ehi; PY Rng \=[; T\Kn;=\ p NH4s AB\ ng=un J=ng JwW N;E R=V nhwE. ChwE Jh^ Eh_ v BGK\KEhV\KA BA=l JO EGKng \h; EGing P;\\Kn J;EGTEl NhCng D; P;nh DyE JO <h} nFng PY Rng \=[; C;EGTEl DB 3\Kn;=\ P EIK GT JcJ P}n Wh>\ d;?n Rjng C*2r NH2r NT2C*& AB\ <;M\ hOT \h; EGing Jh=Vmn Jh^ Eh_ BGK\KEhV\KA BA=l Ek \B= UTnh Ac JXV PTng UTnh Rng. !?E ~=} Rng E@nh n?= \h; EGing EGKng [ng Jh`T \]= Jh=Vmn Ek UTnh Ac JXV PTng UTnh Rng !?E ~=} X\ E@nh n?= \h; EGing EGKng [ng Jh`T \]= <hhng LZ; \B= C(c bNsc t$k% hh%h: Ch=>n d_ 2 [ng ngh;N\ Jh`T :\A \h; EGing C;\Kn J;EGTEl H \; [ng p 1 [ng L[; Jh`ngr 1 [ng Jh`T \]= sr LZ \h; EGing EhIJh ngh;gng. Dng ~=l JwV \OJ AwV <h=>n AIJ D; P;nh DyE Jn <;m\ EGT JhK DBK [ng Jh`T \]= EhlK <;m= JwV G;T. ST= LO Ll\ J} 2 [ng ngh;N\ L; S H &10C EGKng 24 4 h. ST= LOr~=Tn PcE h;Nn Ebng

B_%h : Fkt uuv ca phv% %g <h %gh$.m thv %%g b$k% !N%g C$trate

14

Fkt uuv: -h; EGing EGKng [ng JwV \]= cn mhu xa%h !NQ%g !?E ~=} !NQ%g tq%h. 4$v$ thqch : DK D; P;nh DyE PY Rng C;EGTEl AB\ ng=un J=ng JwW JTGdKn R=V nhwE ngn Jhng P P;nh GT JcJ P}n Wh>\ AB\ <;M\ hOT \h; EGing R]n L?n JhwE Jh^ Eh_ BG\KEhVA\KA BA=l Jh=Vmn Ek \B= UTnh Ac JXV PTng UTnh Rng. Ah'% xyt : ; P;nh DyE JO <h} nFng PY Rng \=[; C;EGTEl DB 3\Kn;=\ P Lm EIK GT JcJ P}n Wh>\ d;?n Rjng C*2r NH2r NT2C*& ngn AB\ <;M\ hOT \h; EGing Jh^ Eh_ BGK\KEhV\KA BA=l d_ Jh=Vmn \B=.

\.Fkt u'%
ST= 4 EhY ngh;N\ <;m\ EGT E.coliv ThY ngh;N\ <h} nFng P;nh InRKAl v X\ E@nhp-s. ThY ngh;N\ <h} nFng P;nh 3J;R v X\ E@nhp-s. ThY ngh;N\ KglP /GKP<T=lG p /s v Rng E@nhps. ThY ngh;N\ <h} nFng d;?n Rjng C;EGTElv Rng E@nhps. E.coli AB D; <h=>n JO <h} nFng EhSV WhXn TGVWEKWhTnl P;nh InRKAlr P}n P;nh GT JcJ P}n Wh>\ d;?n Rjng JO E@nh 3J;R nhng <hhng P;nh GT 3JlEK;n DB <hhng JO <h} nFng PY Rng \=[; C;EGTEl AB\ ng=un J=ng JwW CTGdKn R=V nhwE.

- !?E A=yn D; P;nh DyE <;m\ EGT th/%g phv$ h E.coli p <hcJ I- ;C - -s

1:

2h$ U: `6C ;aAB B7=< <fAB EA,ME CA )5 I5AB )<

5. AguyK% tic: - ChSng D; P;nh DyE DkT WhXn AyW LbJ n=h; JwV EGgn \h; EGing Eh@Jh hbW Lm Jhng WhcE EG;mn EhBnh <h=>n AIJ. - CcJ lnV\l LzJ EGng LbJ Jhng E;?E GT \h; EGing U=ng ~=Tnh Ro; RIng Dng EGKng P=[E dTK ~=Tnh <h=>n AIJ gf; AB Dng EhSV WhXn. - CFn J` DBK E AN Ling <@nh Dng EhSV WhXn DB Ling <@nh JST <h=>n AIJ Lm Lcnh g;c <h} nFng hnh EhBnh lnV\l JST JhSng D; P;nh DyE p Jn gf; AB hKIE E@nh lnV\l JST JhSng D; P;nh DyE LO. 55. <r_%h tw t$k% hh%h: Chul% bL: 2 L|T WlEG; Lx LbJ hwW E=VNE EGng. 1 dnh ET\ g;cJ Jh`T 40\A \h; EGing EhY hKIE E@nh lnV\l 3\VATPl Lx LbJ hwW <hY EGng. CcJ ung EhIJh ngh;gng Jh`T 2 AKI; \[J v \[J Lln Aspergillus nigerr nw\ \[J hKT JT= Aspergillus oryzae. Dng J JwVr Ln Jun Th=[J EhY '=gKA.

<$k% hh%h: Z DBK \; L|T WlEG; 1:\A \h; EGing EhY hKIE E@nh lnV\l 3\VATPl PT= <h; Lx LbJ hwW <hY EGng DBK Zn L_nh nh;NE La. Dng ~=l JwV \OJ AwV D; P;nh DyE EGKng [ng g;[ng JwV DBK EGKng \h; EGing EhIJh L|T p Rng Lm <;m\ EGT <h} nFng P;nh lnV\l s EhBnh Ekng & L;m\ EhlK <;m= hnh ET\ g;cJ LM=.p 1 L|T JwV \[J Lln Aspergillus nigerr 1 L|T JwV \[J DBng hKT JT= Aspergillus oryzae. '= EGcnh EIW nh;n\ EGKng EhTK EcJ JwV CwV UKng LzE JcJ L|T WlEG; DBK ES w\ H &00 C EGKng Ehi; g;Tn & 1 ngBV. ST= Ehi; g;Tn Sr LZ R=ng R_Jh '=gKA Agn \zE EhIJh \h; EGing PT= <h; JcJ <h=>n AIJ D; P;nh DyE Lx WhcE EG;mn Eng L[; LV LS.
1

5nV\l T\VATPl RK nw\ \[J E;?E GT \h; EGing P AB\ WhXn g;}; E;nh daE H Whn U=ng ~=Tnh JcJ <h=>n AIJ EIK EhBnh Dng EhSV WhXn <hhng \B=r Whn Jn AI; P JO \B= UTnh.

'=gKA gzW E;nh daE U=wE h;Nn UTnh Llnr Jh^ Dng D; P;nh DyE WhcE EG;mn U=wE h;Nn Dng EGKng P=[E D E;nh daE d_ WhXn hSV Gu;. Dng EhoJ LK Ling <@nh Dng ETn p Ds DB Ling <@nh <h=>n AIJ pRs. 'yW E P[ D/R Gu; PK Pcnh E P[ JST 2 AKI; nw\ \[J.

B_%h: ;ga coy m~c "e% A*perg$ u* %$ger *au

B_%h: ;ga coy m~c vh%g hoa cau Aspergillus

th$ " "} !u%g !Lch ugo

Oryzae sau khi dung dch lugol

Fkt uuv: Nw\ \[J Lln Aspergillus niger v D1 1r2J\ r R1 2J\. pD/R 0rs Nw\ \[J DBng hKT JT= Aspergillus oryzae v D2 2J\r R2 2rJ\. pD/R 0r11s Ah'% xyt: HKIE E@nh lnV\l JST \[J DBng hKT JT= Aspergillus oryzae JTK hn PK Do; hKIE E@nh lnV\l JST \[J Lln Aspergillus niger.

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