TRUNG TM TIN HC

I HC KHOA HC T NHIN-TP.HCM

NN TNG V LP TRNH HNG I TNG VI C#

TRUNG TM TIN HC
I HC KHOA HC T NHIN-TP.HCM

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1. Chng trnh (Program) 2. Lp trnh (Programming) 3. Ngn ng lp trnh (Programming Language) 4. Xy dng ng dng dng Console

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1. Chng trnh (Program)

Khi nim Phn loi

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1. Chng trnh (Program)

Khi nim
Tp hp cc ch th c biu th nh ngn ng lp trnh thc hin cc thao tc no thng qua mt chng trnh Chng trnh (program) c vit cho my tnh nhm gii quyt mt vn no gi l phn mm my tnh

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1. Chng trnh (Program)

Phn loi theo phng thc hot ng
Phn mm h thng Phn mm ng dng trong cc lnh vc

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1. Chng trnh (Program)

Phn loi theo kh nng p dng
Phn mm ng gi (Phn mm khng ph thuc) Phn mm vit theo n t hng

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1. Chng trnh (Program)

Phn loi theo tnh cht h thng
Phn mm h thng m Phn mm h thng ng

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2. Lp trnh (Programming)
Khi nim Qu trnh pht trin

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2. Lp trnh (Programming)
Khi nim
Thao tc ca con ngi nhm kin to nn cc chng trnh my tnh thng qua cc ngn ng lp trnh Qu trnh m ho thng tin t nhin thnh ngn ng my tnh Trong cc trng hp xc nh th lp trnh cn c gi l "vit m" cho chng trnh my tnh

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2. Lp trnh (Programming)
Khi nim
Cc phng php lp trnh thng gp:
Lp trnh tuyn tnh (Linear Programming) Lp trnh cu trc (Structured Programming) Lp trnh hng i tng (Object Oriented Programming) Lp trnh trc quan (Visual Programming)

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3. Ngn ng lp trnh (Programming Language)

Khi nim Ngn ng trung gian ca Microsoft Cc c im ca ngn ng lp trnh

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3. Ngn ng lp trnh (Programming Language)

Khi nim
L mt b k t v tp hp cc quy tc ng php nhm ch th my tnh thc thi cc tc v c th Thut ng ngn ng lp trnh thng c dng m ch n cc ngn ng cp cao, v d nh BASIC, C, C++, Pascal, Cc ngn ng lp trnh c tnh d hiu, gn gi vi ngn ng con ngi hn so vi ngn ng my tnh (machine languages).

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3. Ngn ng lp trnh (Programming Language)

Khi nim
C th s dng bt k ngn ng lp trnh no. Tuy nhin khi thc thi u phi chuyn thnh ngn ng my my tnh c th hiu. Chuyn i qua ngn ng my c th s dng:
Chng trnh bin dch (compile the program) hay cn gi l trnh bin dch Chng trnh thng dch (interpret the program) hay cn gi l trnh thng dch.

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3. Ngn ng lp trnh (Programming Language)

Ngn ng trung gian ca Microsoft (Microsoft Intermediate Language MSIL)
L mt n v x l trung tm tp hp cc lnh c lp c th c chuyn i mt cch hiu qu ti m my. Bao gm cc lnh np (loading), lu tr (storing), khi to (initializing) v gi cc phng thc trn cc i tng. Ngoi ra, n cn bao gm cc lnh tnh ton s hc v logic, iu khiu lung chng trnh (control flow), iu khin truy xut b nh, kim sot ngoi l (exception), v cc hnh ng khc.

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3. Ngn ng lp trnh (Programming Language)

Ngn ng trung gian ca Microsoft (Microsoft Intermediate Language MSIL)
Khi mt m lnh n l c ngi lp trnh vit xong, n s c bin dch bi trnh bin dch. Sau khi c bin dch m lnh c chuyn i thnh tp tin dng EXE/DLL. Kt qu ny c hiu l n v chng trnh c qun l - Managed Module. Trn thc t Managed Module c hiu nh l Assembly, n bao gm ngn ng trung gian (Intermediate Language(IL) ) v thng tin v d liu (siu d liu - Metadata).

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3. Ngn ng lp trnh (Programming Language)

Ngn ng trung gian ca Microsoft (Microsoft Intermediate Language MSIL)
Metadata c trnh bin dch sinh ra, n m t cc kiu trong m lnh, v nh ngha mi kiu, ch k ca mi thnh vin kiu, cc thnh vin c tham chiu bi m lnh, v d liu khc c s dng bi b runtime ti thi im thc thi.

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3. Ngn ng lp trnh (Programming Language)

Ngn ng trung gian ca Microsoft (Microsoft Intermediate Language MSIL)

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3. Ngn ng lp trnh (Programming Language)

Ngn ng trung gian ca Microsoft (Microsoft Intermediate Language MSIL)
Trc khi MSIL c th c thc thi, n phi c chuyn i ln na bi trnh bin dch Just In Time (JIT) ti m my (native code). Trnh bin dch JIT c cung cp bi b vn hnh ngn ng chung (Common Language Runtime) cho mi kin trc CPU c h tr.

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3. Ngn ng lp trnh (Programming Language)

Ngn ng trung gian ca Microsoft (Microsoft Intermediate Language MSIL)
Trnh bin dch JIT ch chy khi c yu cu. Khi mt phng thc c gi, JIT phn tch IL v sinh ra m my ti u cho tng loi my. JIT c th nhn bit m ngun c bin dch cha, c th chy ngay ng dng hay phi bin dch li.

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3. Ngn ng lp trnh (Programming Language)

Ngn ng trung gian ca Microsoft
Tin trnh thc thi m ngun
Class Loader Class Libraries

Source Code
JIT Compiler Compiler Native Code EXE/DLL Assembly(IL+ Metadata) Execution Security

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3. Ngn ng lp trnh (Programming Language)

Cc c im ca ngn ng lp trnh
Mi ngn ng lp trnh c th c xem nh l mt tp hp ca cc chi tit k thut ch trng n c php, t vng v ngha ca ngn ng. Nhng chi tit k thut ny thng bao gm:
D liu v cu trc d liu Cu lnh v dng iu khin Cc tn v cc tham s Cc c ch tham kho v s ti s dng

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4. ng dng dng Console (Console Application)

Khi nim Cch to mt trnh ng dng dng Console Application

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4. ng dng dng Console (Console Application)

Khi nim
ng dng dng Console Application thi hnh ti mn hnh du nhc lnh DOS (hay Command Windows) v s tng tc ca n vi ngi dng gii hn trong nhp xut dng vn bn ng dng c xy dng mt cch d dng, khng quan tm ti giao din phi c thit k nh th no

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4. ng dng dng Console (Console Application)

Cch to mt trnh ng dng dng Console Application
Bc 1: Chn Start All Programs Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 Microsoft Visual Studio 2005

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4. ng dng dng Console (Console Application)

Cch to mt trnh ng dng dng Console Application
Bc 2: T ca s Start Page Microsoft Visual Studio File New Project

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4. ng dng dng Console (Console Application)

Cch to mt trnh ng dng dng Console Application
Bc 3: Ti ca s New Project Visual C# Console Application v thit lp cc thng tin:
Name Location Solution Name

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4. ng dng dng Console (Console Application)

Cch to mt trnh ng dng dng Console Application

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4. ng dng dng Console (Console Application)

Cch to mt trnh ng dng dng Console Application
Bc 4: nhn nt OK to ng dng

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4. ng dng dng Console (Console Application)

Cch to mt trnh ng dng dng Console Application

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4. ng dng dng Console (Console Application)

Cch to mt trnh ng dng dng Console Application
ngh ca cc t kha
Using Class Namespace Hm Main

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4. ng dng dng Console (Console Application)

Cch to mt trnh ng dng dng Console Application
In ni dung ra mn hnh: s dng cc phng thc ca Console:
Write WriteLine

Nhn thng tin nhp vo t bn phm: s dng cc phng thc ca Console:

ReadLine

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4. ng dng dng Console (Console Application)

Cch to mt trnh ng dng dng Console Application
Lu : tt c mi gi tr nhp vo t bn phm thng qua phng thc ReadLine u c kiu chui

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4. ng dng dng Console (Console Application)

Cch to mt trnh ng dng dng Console Application
V d:

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4. ng dng dng Console (Console Application)

Cch to mt trnh ng dng dng Console Application
Cc cch khai bo phng thc Main
Tr v kiu void Tr v kiu int Tr v kiu void v nhn cc tham s Tr v kiu int v nhn cc tham s

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