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( DOL DR FUHS~VFXOR TXDQGR DV HVWUHODV VDLDP XPD D XPD H D OXD ODQoDYD VREUH R SkQWDQR XPD
UDGLkQFLD FRPR D TXH XPD FULDQoD Yr HVWUHPHFHU QR SLVR HQTXDQWR p QLQDGR DR DQRLWHFHU FDPLQKRX
HP GLUHomR j DUHLD PRYHGLoD OHWDO XP KRPHP PXLWR YHOKR YHVWLQGR XP HVIDUUDSDGR PDQWR S~USXUD

FRURDGR FRP IROKDV UHVVHFDGDV GH YLGHLUD H ROKDQGR SDUD D IUHQWH FRPR VH HVWLYHVVH YHQGR DV F~SXODV
GRXUDGDV GH XPD EHOD FLGDGH RQGH RV VRQKRV VmR FRPSUHHQGLGRV 1DTXHOD QRLWH DOJR GH MXYHQWXGH H
EHOH]D PRUUHX QR YHOKR PXQGR

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