COMPLEMENT: A KEY SYSTEM FOR IMMUNE SURVEILLANCE AND HOMEOSTASIS

COMPLEMENT IN GENERAL

SOLUBLE REGULATORS

MEMBRANE-BOUND REGULATORS

EFFECT ON IMMUNE CELLS

Immune cells Anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a as chemoattractants Macrophages Opsonization for phagocytosis B cells CR1 and CR2 for survival, C5aR for FcRupregulation

T cells differentiation of CD4 T cells by complement regulatory proteins

EFFECT ON TLR-SIGNALING

Macrophages secrete cytokines selectively T cell differentiation and activation C3a and C5a on DCs TH1 cells
C3a and C5a on macrophages TH17 cells

APOPTOTIC CELLS

Alterations in cell surface molecules CD46 and CD59 secretion Inhibition alternative pathway and MAC

ROLE IN CANCER

Membrane-bound regulators on tumours Soluble regulators surrounding tumours

C5a leads to tumour growth

Treatment: C5aR antagonists

GOOD

OR

BAD?

Enhancing phagocytosis Mobilization of immune cells Formation of TCC and subsequent cell lysis Innate and adaptive immunity

Excessive complement activation Autoimmune disorders Alzheimers disease Tumour growth