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Sub-Critical piping
e.g.,Compressed air line etc.
Areas of Application
Line pipe is delivered in 12 m length. Some pipe mills now supply in 18 and 24 m length with 30 - 35 deg factory bevel and08 - 2.4 mm root face.
SMAW
SMAW
Equipment used is simple, inexpensive and portable. Lower sensitivity to wind and drafts than gas shielded welding processes. All position capability.
Root pass welding by forming a keyhole in 1.6 mm root gap - downhill welding
Root pass welding vertical-up requires 3.0 mm root gap, smaller electrode and large weld volume.
Stress and
A temperature below about 150 - 200 deg. C
Code requirement
API 1104 - Standard for welding pipe lines and related facilities. The time lapse between finishing the weld root pass and starting the hot pass is one of the essential variables. BS 4515- Welding of steel pipelines on land and offshore. Time lapse between start of the root run and start of the second run
Electrode selection
TIG Welding
TIG WELDING
Benefits:
Superior Quality Welds. Welds can be made with or without filler metal.
Precise control of welding variables.
Free of spatters.
MIG welding
Benefits:
STT Waveform
FCAW
HIGHER PRODUCTIVITY
REDUCED LABOUR COST OBVIATES THE NEED FOR SKILLED WELDERS
Welding process
Welding speed
SMAW Low Hydrogen SMAW Cellulosic. Semi automatic GMAW. Fully automatic GMAW from outside using Cu backing. Fully automatic GMAW root from inside & other passes from outside.
140 mm/min 300 mm/min 350 mm/min 1000 mm/min 1250 mm/min
access to the site. Welding off- line permits flat position welding. SAW process can be used. Recently Flux Cored wires are used for SAW.
External hot pass welding. Fill and capping passes Wire 1.0 mm dia E70S-6
Flash butt welding Process is suitable, included in API 1104. Improvements in conventional welding overshadowed. Scatter and occasional lower CVN values.
wall thickness.