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sin cos
cos sin
tan
sec sec tan
csc csc cot
cot
ln
1
ln
ln
1
1
#
1 $
Product rule:
%&''( & $ &
Integrals
,
$1
-./
0
, || $ 1
, $ 1
3
, 45 $ 1
, cos sin $ 1
, sin cos $ 1
, tan ' ln|cos '| $ 1
, sec ' ln|sec ' $ tan '| $ 1
, csc ' |' $ #'| $ 1
, cot ' |sin '| $ 1
, sinh ' cosh '
, cosh ' sinh '
, #7' 7'
, 7' # 7'
, ' 8 ' 1 8
' 8
9
' 8
8
8
08
;
:
8:
8
8
:
<
' = 2' =
8=
8
, 80:
>
, :: 9 ; $ 1
, : 0: # 9 ; $ 1
, |8|8:: '
0
, : : @@
, : : @0@
8:
Addition
sin $ I I $ I
cos $ I I I
tan $ tan I
tan $ I
1 tan tan I
Product-To-Sum
1
I Jsin $ I $ sin IK
2
1
I Jsin $ I sin IK
2
1
I Jcos $ I $ cos IK
2
1
I Jcos I cos $ IK
2
' $ ' $ 2
B C' $ 1
D
A $
$
' ' $ 1
'
'
' $ 1
Trig substitution
If ,
If ,
If ,
: 8 :
8 : 0:
8 : :
Law of cosines
F $ 2F B
Law of sines
F
sin B sin C G 1
Cofunction
H
9 ; cos
2
H
9 ; sin
2
H
# 9 ; cot
2
H
# 9 ; tan
2
H
9 ; csc
2
H
9 ; sec
2
Subtraction
sin I I I
cos I I $ I
tan tan I
tan I
1 $ tan tan I
$I
I
$ I 2 *
+ 9
;
2
2
$I
I
I 2 *
+ 9
;
2
2
$I
I
$ I 2 *
+ 9
;
2
2
$I
I
I 2 *
+ 9
;
2
2
Sum-To-Product
$ $ '
Negatives
Odd functions
sin# sin #
tan# tan #
cot# cot #
csc# csc #
Even functions
cos# cos #
sec# sec #
Integration by parts
Quotient rule:
) &'
& &
*
+
'
)' '
Trigonometric identities
Fundamental
1
sin #
csc #
1
cos #
sec #
1
tan #
cot #
sin #
tan #
cos #
cos #
cot #
sin #
# $ # 1
1 $ # # #
1 $ # # #
Substitution
Half angle
Double angle
sin 2 2 sin cos
cos 2
1 2
2 1
2 tan
tan 2
1 #
Half angle
1 cos 2
2
1 $ cos 2
2
1 cos 2
#
1 $ cos 2
1 cos
9 ; =L
2
2
1 $ cos
9 ; =L
2
2
1 cos
sin
# 9 ; =
sin
1 $ cos
2
Exponentials
' M 'M
* + M
N
N
' / '
' M/ ' M
Q
Q
Q
P'N ' PN
Summations
[ \ [ \
[\ $ F\ [ \ $ [ F\
\]M
\]M
[
\]M
\]M
\]M
\]M
$ 1
2
\]M
3-D lines
$ 1 $ 2
6
\]M
\]M
\]M
>
c
$ 1
d
2
Complex numbers
v ')'
vF v
Greens theorem
z n)' $ {)N | *
y
Stokes theorem
}{ }n
+ )B
}' }N
Divergence theorem
| v ) Gm w v )
operation
Definition of
coordinates
Vector field B
Gradient w&
Divergence w A
Differential
displacement
Differential
normal area
Dif. volume
Unit vectors
Cylindrical
wB
w &
[\ F\ [ \ [ F\
Planes
Logarithms
F S F
1 0
1
U V
W U V W
8 8X
\]M
h $F
\]M
D : :
e8 eg
e8g
Dr s 0 ) & &88 s 0 _ __
q
pDr s 0 ) & &88 t 0 _' __
p
Dr t 0 )) u #
p
Dr 0 I
o
relations
7E cos E
1
7E sin E
E cosh E
1
E sinh E
) ) $ ) $ )hh
)I )')N)h
Cylindrical coordinates
Chain rule
If &', N and '# and N#
ef
e
ef e8
e8 e
ef eg
eg e
' V E
V P' $ N $ h
hV
N V E
# N'
h VE
BU V $ B E $ B
Spherical coordinates
}&
1 }&
}&
$
$
h
}
}
}h
1 }B 1 }B }Bk
$
$
}
}
}h
}&
1 }&
1 }&
V $
E $
}V
V }E
V E }
1 }V BU
1
}
1 }B
B sin E $
$
V
}V
V E }E
V E }
) ))h $ ))h
$ ))h
)I )))h
' $
N $
' $ N
' $ N
}B }Bk
1 }Bk }B
1 }B }B
$
$
h
}
}h
}h
}
}
}
1 }
}&
1 } & } &
* + $ $
} }
}
}h
e: f
Lhospitals rule
&'
&'
lim
lim
8 '
8 '
Dot product
m Flm |||F|E
Cross product
m'Flm 8 g k
F8 Fg Fk
Arc length
Then
) )N)h' $ )')hN
$ )')Nh
e: f e: f
Critical points
B ' $ B N $ B h
}&
}&
}&
' $
N $
h
}'
}N
}h
}B8 }Bg }Bk
$
$
}'
}N
}h
N N^ _' '`
N N
_
' '
) P' ' $ N N
' $ ' N $ N
*
,
+
2
2
[
'
P' $ N
N # N'
hh
hh
B $ B $ B h
Cartesian coordinates
2-D lines
F
E # * +
P $ F
h \ E $ E
Trig circular/hyperbolic
\ $ \
E
2
\ \
E
2
$
7E
2
7E
2
Spherical
wB
w &
1
}
}B
1 1 }BU }
1 }
}BU
* %B (
+ V $ *
VB + $ * VB
+
V }
}
V } }V
V }V
}
1 } }&
1
}
}&
1
}&
*V
+$
* + $
V }V
}V
V }
}
V }