ORGANIC AIR POLLUTANTS

Acrylonitrile Benzene Butadiene Carbon disulfide Carbon monoxide 1,2-Dichloroethane Dichloromethane Formaldehyde Polycycli aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and Dibenzofurans(PCDDs/PCDFs) Styrene Tetrachloroethylene Toluene Trichlorethylene

INORGANIC AIR POLLUTANTS

Arsenic Asbestos Cadmium Chromium Fluoride Hydrogen sulfide Lead Manganese Mercury Nickel Platinum Vanadium

CLASSICAL AIR POLLUTANTS

Nitrogen dioxide Ozone and other photochemical oxidants Particulate matter Sulfur dioxide

What is air pollution?

contamination of the air by noxious gases and minute particles of solid and liquid matter (particulates) in concentrations that endanger health Air pollution only occurs outdoors

Sources of Outside Air Pollution

Combustion of gasoline and other hydrocarbon fuels in cars, trucks, and airplanes Burning of fossil fuels (oil, coal, and dinosaur bones) Insecticides Herbicides Everyday radioactive fallouts Dust from fertilizers Mining operations Livestock feedlots

 A major form of air pollution is emissions given off by vehicles.

The number of cars in EU has doubled between 1970 and 1994 3% per year

Whats in smog
particulates (especially lead) nitrous oxides potassium Carbon monoxide Other toxic chemicals

Sources of Indoor pollution

Efficient insulation Bacteria Molds and mildews Viruses animal dander and cat saliva plants house dust Mites Cockroaches pollen

Effects on the environment

Acid rain Ozone depletion Global warming In human populationrespiratory problems, allergies, strengthens lugs, and a risk for cancer

Acid rain
contains high levels of sulfuric or nitric acids contaminate drinking water and vegetation damage aquatic life erode buildings Alters the chemical equilibrium of some soils

Strategies
Air Quality Management Plan Development of new technology- electric cars, cleaner fuels, low nitrogen oxide boilers and water healers, zero polluting paints, less polluting BBQ lighter fluids Use of natural gas Carpooling Follow the laws enacted

Particulate Matter (PM ) Pollution

- Traffic emissions including diesel engines
- Small combustion sources burnng coal and wood - Reductions of SO2, N0x, NH3 and VOC

Ground level ozone

- VOC control to reduce ozone in cities
- N0x reduction from traffic - Control of N0x emissions from ships

- Methane reduction

Multi-pollutant/multi-effect analysis for identifying cost-effective policy scenarios

RAINS computer model

PM

SO2

NH3

NOx

VOC

Health

Eutrophication

Acidification

Ozone

CAFE policy targets for 2020

La cuisine photochimique : mais cest trs simple !

Une pince de NOx et quelques photons pour faire un peu dozone

NO2 + hn O + O2

NO + O (l < 430 nm) O3

Mais pas trop de NOx ce qui dtruit une partie de l'ozone form, Ni trop de COV ce qui en produit de trop !

O3 + NO NO2 + O2 RO2 + NO