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Exhaust Gas Cleaning

PureSOx
Olav Knudsen Head of R&D, Exhaust Gas Cleaning

Technology history

~1000 Flue gas systems sold since 1972 ~3000 Combustion systems sold with scrubber section

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Advantages hybrid system

Running on SW at open sea whenever possible
(lowest costs, ease of operation)

Zero discharge whenever required

(ports, estuaries, sensitive areas)

Ability to cope with low alkalinity waters (Baltic, estuaries,

rivers)

Lowest possible NaOH concumption Maximum flexibibility

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Ficaria Seaways - world largest scrubber on a vessel

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More than one year in operation

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SO2 in exhaust

SO2 measurements
SO2 in exhaust
25

HFO 2.2% sulphur

Exhaust after scrubber

SO2 out [ppm]

20

Fresh water mode Variation: 5ppm

15

10

0 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500

2.2% HFO [l/h]

At MCR the exhaust will contain less than 10ppm SO2 equivalent to maximum 0.06% fuel sulphur (18,4 ppm = 0,1%) This easily fulfills IMO requirements for 2015
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pH discharge water

pH inlet depends of:

SW: alkalinity FW: amount of NaOH (caustic soda)

pH discharge depends of:

pH inlet water S% HFO Water/fuel flow ratio to the scrubber

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Nitrates in discharge sea water

Water may contain max 12% NOx removal from the exhaust gas according to MEPC Actual <0.5% NOx is removed from the gas in SW mode Nitrate/nitrite increase in the SW < 0,1 mg/L has been measured The MEPC allows 60 mg/L (at 45 tons SW /MWh) Result < 1% of MEPC requirement

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PAH in Sea Water discharge

Measurement in-line. PAHphe (phenanthrene equivalent) UV-Fluorescence analyser, 0-500 ppb used Limit in MEPC PAH * t/MWh = 2250
(ppb*ton/h)/MWh)

Average measured level: 500-1000

(ppb*ton/hr/MWh)

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Turbidity of discharge water

MEPC limit: 25 NTU/FNU above inlet For SW the turbidity increase measured by Eurofins (accredited
company) based on samples: 2.2 FNU

Continuous measurements show 2-15 FNU increase

The picture shows fresh water discharge before and after cleaning.

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Water treatment with separators on board Ficaria Seaways

Wet sludge:
80% water / 20% solid

Sludge amount in liquid form less than 2.5 liter per MWh engine output

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Data Logging/Recording

Surveillance System via internet since 2010 Logging every 30 seconds Target Ship Owners

Authorities (EPA, Classification)

Alfa Laval (trouble shooting, optimizing)

Measured data: Gas

SO2
CO2

Water
pH

Turbidity
PAH
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Operational issues
Soot stains on deck

Cleaning of demister Increase discharge velocity from

chimney

Corroded pipes:

Exchange corroded pipes. Use resistant pipes

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Operational Performance

Operation 1. June 2010 30. June 2011

3801 hours of operation Exhaust after combustion of 9513 ton of HFO has been
cleaned

422 ton of SO2 has been removed The scrubber plant is handed over to the crew Monthly saving average with actual price gap: USD
30,000
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Legislators and Industry need to co-operate in order to work around the holes

The IMO guidelines must be slightly modified to work around the following two holes:
1.No reliable sensor is available to measure that our actual discharge PAH is well below limits. 2.At rest in port cannot be use when measuring pH four meters from the ships discharge point.

Ensure that EU legislation will follow IMOs guidelines in such a way that the marine industry has uniform rules and legislation globally

Alfa Laval

Slide 19

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Conclusions PureSOx
Proven reliability after one year in operation on Tor Ficaria
with more than 3800 operational hours

Short pay back time An environmental friendly way to continue the use of high
sulfur residual fuel at sea at an affordable cost

3 years and 32 days to 1. January

2015
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