Cell- Basic units of life Nucleus- large membrane-enclosed structure that contains the cells genetic material in the

form of DNA. Prokaryotes- Cells that do not contain nuclei. Eukaryotic- Contain a nucleus in which their genetic material is separated from the rest of the cell. Organelle- Small organs Cytoplasm- The portion of the cell outside the nucleus. Chromosome- Forms when a cell divides. Ribosome- Small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm. Endoplasmic reticulum- Internal membrane system Golgi apparatus- proteins produced in the rough ER Mitochondria- Organelles that convert the chemicals stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cells to use. Chloroplasts- Organelles that capture the energy from sunlight and convert it chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis.

Cell membrane-The semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell. Cell wall-The rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. Diffusion- the spreading of something more widely Osmosis- The tendency of molecules of a solvent to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated membrane. Isotopic- relating to or having the relation of an isotope. Hypertonic- Having increased pressure or tone. Hypotonic- Having reduced pressure or tone. Active Transport- The movement of ions or molecules across a membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy. Phageostytosis- The transferring of ions Pinocytosis- the ingestion of liquid into a cell by the budding of small vesicles from the cell membrane.