(TN-IV-06) IP Over ATM

Trng i hc Khoa Hc T Nhin Khoa in T -Vin Thng
www.themegallery.com
NI DUNG
1.TNG QUAN CNG NGH
Gii thiu chung ATM-Nn tng ca BISDN L thuyt ATM
1.1 Gii thiu

Bn m hnh :
Truyn thng bng rng

Truyn thng a phng tin (Multimedia) Mng s tch hp dch v B-ISDN Mng ATM
Truyn Thng a Phng Tin

a phng tin l k thut m phng ng thi v s dng nhiu dng phng tin chuyn ha thng tin v cc tc phm to t cc k thut T hp ca vn bn, hnh, hat hnh, m thanh v video Cc thnh phn a phng tin c tng tc vi nhau

Chng trnh tr chi c s kt hp ca m thanh, vn bn, hnh, vedio v chng tng tc vi nhau ng dng truyn thng a phng tin Chng trnh tin tc trn TV c vn bn, m thanh,video nhng khng tng tc nhau Khng phi ng dng truyn thng a phng tin

Truyn thng a phng tin l s kt hp ca nhiu phng tin truyn thng. VD: Vic mua sm trn mng :
Mng s tch hp dch v B-ISDN

B-ISDN (Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network): Mng s tch hp dch v bng rng. Gm tt c nhng loi thng tin t ngi vi ngi. Nhng dch v khc Tc truyn trn bng rng v hp
Mng s tch hp dch v B-ISDN

So snh tc truyn ca ISDN & B-ISDN trn cc loi dch v: Thoi, Fax, Cc file nh, Cc file ln, Nhc, in thoi vedio, vedio, a phng tin v DHTV. Trong : ++: rt tt +: Tt ~: kh kh -: Khng tt Bng --: Khng dng *): V l do k thut
Truyn Thng Bng Rng

Truyn thng bng rng truyn vi tc >= 2Mbit/s 2Mbit = 256 kByte tng ng vi 44 trang giy (6000 ch).
Truyn Thng Bng Rng

Hin nay tc truyn tng ln 10 Gbit/s
Truyn Thng Bng Rng

Truyn thng yu cu bng thng nh hnh di
Truyn Thng Bng Rng

Nhng dch v sau c s dng cho truyn thng:
Cp in thai 2 dy ( 2Mbit/s). Chng trnh radio theo ng v tinh (155 Mbit/s) Cp ng trc (~140 Mbit/s) Phn phi video c nhn Cp quang (140 Mbit/s) Phn phi truyn hnh TV tc cao c nhn
1.2 Mng ATM ( Phng thc truyn khng ng b)

B-ISDN i hi mt k thut m s kt hp nhng u im ca STM v PTM. B-ISDN c gii thiu nh mt k thut c bn cho B-ISDN
Bt k loi hnh dch v Bng thng a dng Tnh lin tc
1.2 Mng ATM

Mng ATM ( Asynchronous Transfer Mode ) Mng ATM c th truyn c tt c cc dch v vin thng m khng cn quan tm n c tnh v cht lng ca dch v v tha mn c cc yu cu:
Ch s dng mt mng duy nht cho tt c cc dch v C hiu qu trong vic s dng ti nguyn
1.2 Mng ATM

Mng ATM khng ch gii hn trong phng thc B-ISDN m cn s dng thay cho mng LAN tc cao
2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM
Nguyn l ATM
Cu trc t bo ATM
2.1Cu trc t bo ATM

Nguyn l
Tt c cc ngun thng tin (d liu,m thanh,hnh nh tnh hay ng) c chia thnh cc gi tin nh kch thc c nh v truyn i bt k ni dung ca gi tin
2.1Cu trc t bo ATM

-T bo ATM pht sinh khi c yu cu -Khi khng c ngun tin + Idle cell (t bo ri) pht sinh in y +bng thng linh hot p ng yu cu truyn ti
2.1Cu trc t bo ATM

TRNG THNG TIN PAYLOAD
THNG TIN CA USER C PHN MNH
T BO CELL
PHN MO U HEADER
GIP NH TUYN T BO ATM TRN MNG
2.1Cu trc t bo ATM

Nguyn l hng k ni (connectionoriented):
Trc khi truyn dn payload, mt kt ni phi c thit lp thng qua knh bo hiu thu bao (subcriber signalling) Payload c truyn ti trn ng kt ni ny Kt ni b hy dng knh bo hiu thu bao
21 www.themegallery.com
2.1Cu trc t bo ATM

T bo c nh tuyn trn mng dng cc ch th (identifier) trong phn mo u Ton b cc t bo ca cng 1 tuyn kt ni (connection) th c cng l trnh Trn 1 on truyn dn xc nh, tt c cc t bo ca 1 tuyn kt ni c cng ch th xc nh ging nhau
2.1Cu trc t bo ATM

Tuyn ng (path) ca 1 kt ni ATM Xc nh Khng c ti nguyn vt l (tc knh truyn) c nh ring Bng thng linh hot Kt ni ATM o (virtual ATM connections)
2.1Cu trc t bo ATM

Thnh phn mng ATM
Thit b u cui u cui mng BISDN (BNT-BISDN Network Termination) kt ni cc thu bao B ghp knh ATM (ATM-Mux) tp trung lu lng Node mng ATM chuyn mch kt ni (ATM CrossConnect/ATM Switch)
2.1Cu trc t bo ATM

T bo ATM (cell) l n v d liu trong phng php truyn tin ATM di 53 octet. Cell = payload (48 oct)+ header (5 oct)
2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM

Payload (ti tin): cha thng tin ngi dng.
VPI/VCI (Virtual Path/Channel Identifier):

trng bit nhn dng ng o/ knh o PTI (Payload Type Indication): bit xc nh kiu thng tin CLP (Cell Loss Priority): trng bit u tin mt t bo HEC (Header Error Control): cc bit iu khin li cho trng bit header
T BO CELL
2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM Trng nh tuyn VPI/VCI

Mi VCI ch c ngha ti tng lin kt t nt ti nt mng. Khi cuc ni kt thc, VCI c gii phng dung cho cuc ni khc. VPI c dng thit lp ng o cho mt s cuc ni knh o VCI. VPI cho php n gin ha cc th tc chn tuyn cng nh qun l. T hp VPI/VCI to thnh mt gi tr duy nht cho mi cuc ni.
2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM Trng xc nh kiu thng tin PT

3 bit c nhim v phn bit cc t bo khc nhau.
2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM Trng iu khin li tiu HEC

Cha m vng CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check ) CRC da trn 4 byte tiu cn li, kim tra v tnh ton cho tng chng (node). Sa ton b cc li n v pht hin ra phn ln cc li nhm (nhng khng sa c). Ch sa li trong header, khng c c ch sa li cho payload.
2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM

Bit u tin mt t bo CLP
Ch kh nng cho php hoc khng c php hy t bo trong trng hp mng qu ti. Bit 1 : c hy, bit 0: khng c hy. Tiu cell trong UNI cn c 4 bit GFC (iu khin lung chung) nhm gim tnh trng qu ti trong mng.
2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM

CC LOI T BO
T bo hp l (valid cell) v t bo c ch nh (assigned cell). T bo siu bo hiu (metasignalling cell) T bo khng hp l (invalid cell) T bo qun l ti nguyn (resource management cell) T bo bo dng (OAM cell) T bo ri (idle cell) v t bo khng c ch nh (unassigned cell)
2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM

nh tuyn v thng dch VPI/VCI
Qu trnh thit lp kt ni: nh hng kt ni (connection-oriented) Xc nhn gi tr VPI/VCI ca tuyt ni n (Input Link) v to gi tr VPI/VCI cho tuyt ni i (Output Link). Thit lp bng nh tuyn ti tng nt chuyn mch.
2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM

Hot ng x l nhn: Khi cell n node, VPI c d tm trong bng nh tuyn VPI, v nh x gi tr mi. Nu VPC cha kt thc, gi tr VCI s khng i. Nu VPC kt thc, VCI s c d tm trong bng nh tuyn VCI. Lc ny cell c VPI/VCI mi v c nh tuyn trong c cu chuyn mch.
2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM

2.2 B giao thc TCP/IP trong ATM

M hnh tng qut ca mng internet:

M hnh tng qut ca mng internet:

khi qut v B Giao Thc TCP/IP:

Qu trnh truyn d liu qua Mng

Qu trnh truyn d liu qua ATM

H thng a ch v c ch truyn

Qu trnh kim sot li khi truyn:
Qua cc phn trn ta thy qu trnh d liu i trn mng kh r rng nhng trn mt mng rng ln nh Internet th c g m bo d liu s ti ch mt cch an ton? iu g xy ra nu trn ng i cc gi d liu b mt, tc nghn, lc ng...?
2.2B giao thc TCP/IP trong ATM

khi qut v B Giao Thc TCP/IP:

Qu trnh truyn d liu qua Mng

Qu trnh truyn d liu qua ATM

H thng a ch v c ch truyn

Qu trnh kim sot li khi truyn:
Qua cc phn trn ta thy qu trnh d liu i trn mng kh r rng nhng trn mt mng rng ln nh Internet th c g m bo d liu s ti ch mt cch an ton? iu g xy ra nu trn ng i cc gi d liu b mt, tc nghn, lc ng...?
3.C Ch Hot ng Da Trn M hnh OSI

Mo hnh tham chieu giao thc B.ISDN (B.ISDN Protocol Reference Model hay B.ISDN - PRM)
3.C Ch Hot ng Da Trn M hnh OSI

Mo hnh cac lp cua ATM so vi mo hnh OSI Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical Layer Upper Layer
AAL ATM Layer Physical Layer

3.1 Lp vat ly: Lp vat ly: chc nang chnh la van chuyen thong tin (bit)
3.1 Lp vat ly:
Lp vat ly:
Lp ng truyen vat ly PM (Physical Medium Sublayer). No co chc nang sau: *Phat / nhan bit. *Truyen bit. *Ma hoa ng dong bit theo ma ng truyen. *Chuyen oi t ien sang quang (neu can)
*ong bo bit. Lp con hoi tu TC (Transmission Convergence Sublayer): *Them vao hoac lay ra cac te bao trong *Nhan biet gii han te bao *Bien oi dong te bao thanh cac khung truyen dan (Transmission Frame Adaptation) *Phat va khoi phuc cac khung truyen dan
Co cac chc nang sau: *Tao va kiem tra ma HEC
3.2. Lp ATM: Lp ATM : chc nang chnh la chuyen mach, nh tuyen va a hp.
3.2 Chc nang Lp ATM:

Tach va ghep cac te bao
Tai au phat cac te bao thuoc ve kenh ao VC va ng ao VP khac nhau se c ghep thanh mot dong te bao duy nhat. Tai au thu, dong te bao ATM c phan thanh cac ng ao va kenh ao oc lap e i ti thiet b thu Tao va tach trng tieu e cua te bao Chc nang nay ch c thc hien iem ket thuc hoac bat au cua dong thong tin lp ATM. Cac gia tr VPI va VCI c tao ra da tren so hieu nhan dang cua iem truy nhap dch vu SAP (Service Access Point). Cac gia tr nay cung vi 48 Bytes Payload tao ra te bao ATM a xuong lp vat ly oc va thay oi gia tr VPI, VCI
ieu khien luong
La chc nang c ban cua chuyen mach ATM. c thc hien nut chuyen mach hoac nut noi xuyen trong mang
oi vi ATM chc nang nay ch co giao dien gia mang va ngi s dung (UNI). No cung cap giao thc thong tin ti t khach hang hay t cac thue bao thc hien bang cac ma GFC
3.3 Lp Tng Thch ATM AAL (ATM Adaption Layer):

AAL phu thuoc vao loai dch vu. Chc nang chnh cua no la phat ra cell Payload va cau hnh lai khoi data hay chuyen tiep cac tn hieu hu ch. Hay noi cach khac lp AAL co nhiem vu tao ra s tng thch gia cac dch vu c cung cap bi lp ATM vi cac lp cao hn.

Phc v cho void, video tc truyn khng i Yu cu thi gian thc ng dng cho dch v thi gian thc
AAL1 AAL2 AAL3/4 AAL5
ng dng cho dch v khng theo thi gian thc, tc truyn thay i(data) ng dng cho dch v khng theo thi gian thc, tc truyn thay i(data)

Chc nng lp AAL:

Cu trc AAL
3.3 Qua trnh phan tach va tai hp cac n v d lieu

Higher Layer Protocol AAL-PDU
CS A A L
CS- PDU Header
CS- PDU Payload CS- PDU
CS- PDU Trailer
S A R
HDR
Payload SAR-PDU
TRLR
HDR
Payload SAR-PDU
TRLR
A T M
Cell ATM-SDU (Cell Payload) HDR
Cell ATM-SDU (Cell Payload) HDR
3.4 Lp Upper Layer Upper Layer la lp ng dung thc s, cac ng dung au tien cua B-ISDN: frame relay, SMDS/CBDS (Switched Multimegabit Data Service/ Connectionless Broadband Data Service), bao hieu B-ISDN, quan ly mang BISDN va cac loai dch vu video khac nhau
4. PHN TCH CNG NGH CHUYN MCH

1 2 3 4
Chuyn Chuyn Chuyn Chuyn mch mch mch mch knh a nhanh gi knh tc
4.1 CHUYEN MACH ATM

Co nhieu ten goi khac nhau : Chuyen mach goi nhanh, Phan chia thi gian bat ong bo ATD (Asynchronous Time Division) va ATM Co kha nang van chuyen va chuyen mach cho bat ky loai dch vu nao (oc lap dch vu) Thch hp cho mang bang rong a dch vu v nhng u iem sau :
o o o o
Toc o cao Mem deo va an toan trong tng lai S dung tai nguyen mang hieu suat Mang tong the
4.2 MO HNH CHUYEN MACH

Ket noi ao co 2 loai : VCC Virtual Channel Connection VCP Virtual Path Connection
4.2.1 CHUYEN MACH VP
VCI = Virtual Channel Identifier VP = Virtual Path VPI = Virtual Path Identifier
4.2.2 CHUYEN MACH VC
4.2.3 CHUYEN MACH VP + VC
4.3 KIN TRC CHUYN MCH ATM

CAC HOAT ONG TRONG CHUYEN MACH ATM
Chuyen mach : gom chuyen mach khong gian va chuyen mach header (nhan dien kenh luan ly) Xep hang a hp va giai a hp
4.4 NGUYN L CHUYN MCH
4.4 CAC YEU CAU OI VI CHUYEN MACH ATM Toc o thong tin Kha nang broadcast / multicast Hieu suat : tac nghen, xac suat mat cell, o tr hoan chuyen mach
4.5 CAC LOAI PHAN T CHUYEN MACH

Phan loai theo nguyen ly sap hang da tren v tr cua bo em.
Sap hang au vao Sap hang au ra Sap hang trung tam.
4.5 CAC LOAI PHAN T CHUYEN MACH Sap hang au vao
4.5 CAC LOAI PHAN T CHUYEN MACH Sap hang au ra
4.5 CAC LOAI PHAN T CHUYEN MACH Sap hang trung tam
4.5 CC PHN T CHUYN MCH

Knockout Roxanne Coprin Athena
Cong bo vao nam 1987, do hang ATT Bell Theo nguyen ly sap hang au ra Co cau truc tap trung e giam yeu cau ve toc o bo nh au ra
Do Alcatel a ra vao nam 1990 Da tren nguyen ly sap hang trung tam Con c goi la ISE (Integrated Switching Element)
Do CMET thiet ke Da tren nguyen ly sap hang trung tam Mu au tien c thc hien vi ket noi 280 Mbps va cac cell co 15 byte payload va 1 byte header
c cong bo vao nam 1987 Phan t chuyen mach Athena au tien co kch c 16x16 va toc o cua moi lien ket la 600 Mbps Da tren nguyen ly sap hang trung tam
4.5 KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM

Gom nhieu phan t chuyen mach giong nhau, lien ket vi nhau thanh 1 mang. Thng c goi la mang lien ket a tang ( MIN- Multistage Interconnection Network)
4.5 KHUNG CHUYEN MACH ATM - Nguyen ly Mang t nh tuyen Delta

Quy tac: 0 len 1 xuong
4.5 CAC LOAI KHUNG CHUYEN MACH

1
Khung co nghen ben trong (co mat cell) Ty le mat cell phu thuoc vao phng thc nh tuyen trong khung, c phan loai bi thi iem quyet nh nh tuyen va ni cha thong tin nh tuyen Vd: khung Roxanne
2
Khung khong co nghen ben trong (khong mat cell) Khong mat cell ben trong nhng van mat cell cac loi vao/ra do s ung o cac cell. Co 2 loai:
Co bo em ben trong (St. Louis) Khong co bo em ben trong (Batcher-Bangan)

5. Tng Kt
u im chnh ca ATM
5. Tng Kt
Nhc im:
ATM c bn l k thut chuyn mch gi tc cao, 1 k thut m cc cng ty in thoi c rt t kinh nghim vi n Hiu qu kinh t ca mng ATM trong thc tin ?
5.2 ng dng c bn:

ATM ng dng trong mng B-ISDN ATM s lm mng li (Core network), gi lp mng LAN
SM S 1 SM S 2 LES 1 LNNI A TM host LES 2
A T M N e tw o rk
Layer 2 S w itc h in g
BUS 1 LNNI LUNI
R o u te r
BUS 2 LECS
C a c c l i e n t c u a L A N E
C a c s e rv e r c u a L A N E
C l i c k
t o
e d i t
c o m p a n y
s l o g a n

(TN-IV-06) IP Over ATM

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Trng i hc Khoa Hc T Nhin Khoa in T -Vin Thng

1.TNG QUAN CNG NGH

Gii thiu chung ATM-Nn tng ca BISDN L thuyt ATM

1.1 Gii thiu

Truyn thng bng rng

Truyn Thng a Phng Tin

Truyn Thng a Phng Tin

Truyn Thng a Phng Tin

Mng s tch hp dch v B-ISDN

Mng s tch hp dch v B-ISDN

Truyn Thng Bng Rng

Truyn Thng Bng Rng

Truyn Thng Bng Rng

Truyn Thng Bng Rng

1.2 Mng ATM ( Phng thc truyn khng ng b)

Bt k loi hnh dch v Bng thng a dng Tnh lin tc

1.2 Mng ATM

1.2 Mng ATM

2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM

2.1Cu trc t bo ATM

2.1Cu trc t bo ATM

2.1Cu trc t bo ATM

GIP NH TUYN T BO ATM TRN MNG

2.1Cu trc t bo ATM

2.1Cu trc t bo ATM

2.1Cu trc t bo ATM

2.1Cu trc t bo ATM

2.1Cu trc t bo ATM

2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM

VPI/VCI (Virtual Path/Channel Identifier):

2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM Trng nh tuyn VPI/VCI

2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM Trng xc nh kiu thng tin PT

2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM Trng iu khin li tiu HEC

2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM

2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM

2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM

2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM

2.1 Cu trc t bo ATM

2.2 B giao thc TCP/IP trong ATM

2.2 B giao thc TCP/IP trong ATM

2.2 B giao thc TCP/IP trong ATM

2.2 B giao thc TCP/IP trong ATM

2.2 B giao thc TCP/IP trong ATM

2.2 B giao thc TCP/IP trong ATM

2.2 B giao thc TCP/IP trong ATM

2.2B giao thc TCP/IP trong ATM

2.2 B giao thc TCP/IP trong ATM

2.2 B giao thc TCP/IP trong ATM

2.2 B giao thc TCP/IP trong ATM

2.2 B giao thc TCP/IP trong ATM

3.C Ch Hot ng Da Trn M hnh OSI

3.C Ch Hot ng Da Trn M hnh OSI

AAL ATM Layer Physical Layer

3.1 Lp vat ly:

3.2 Chc nang Lp ATM:

ieu khien luong

3.3 Lp Tng Thch ATM AAL (ATM Adaption Layer):

3.3 Lp Tng Thch ATM AAL (ATM Adaption Layer):

AAL1 AAL2 AAL3/4 AAL5

3.3 Lp Tng Thch ATM AAL (ATM Adaption Layer):

3.3 Lp Tng Thch ATM AAL (ATM Adaption Layer):

3.3 Qua trnh phan tach va tai hp cac n v d lieu

CS- PDU Header