Other McGraw-Hill Reference Books of Interest Handbooks 5 | ‘Avalone and Baumeister + STANDARD HANDBOOK FOR MECHANICAL ENOINEERS Beeman « INDUSTRIAL POWER SYSTEMS HANDBOOK Coombs + BASIC ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENT HANDBOOK Coombs + PRINTED CIRCUITS HANDBOOK Croft and Summers ~ AMERICAN ELECTRICIANS’ HANDBGOK Di Giacomo * Vist HANDBOOK Fink and Beaty » STANDARD HANDBOOK FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEEAS Fink and Christiansen * ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS’ HANDBOOK ‘Harper * HANDBOOK OF ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS DESIGN ‘Harper * HANDBOOK OF THICK FILM HYBRID MICROELECTRONICS Harper - HANDBOOK OF WIRING, CABLING, AND INTERCONNECTING FOR Hicks » STANDARD HANDBOOK OF. ENGINEERING CALCULATIONS Inglis + ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS HANDBOOK Johnson and Jasik * aNTENNA ENGINEERING HANDBOOK ‘Turan * QUALITY CONTROL HANDBOOK ‘Kaufman and Seidman HANDBOOK FOR ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING Kaufman: dnd Seidman» WANDBOOK OF ELECTRONICS CALCULATIONS ‘Kurtz "-WANDBOOK OF ENGINEERING ECONOMICS Perry « ENGINEERING MANUAL ‘Stout « HANDBOOK OF MICROPROCESSOR-DESIGN AND APPLICATIONS ‘Stout and Kaufian = WANDBOOK OF MICROCINCUTT DESIGN AND APPLICATION ‘Stout and Kaufman - WANDBOOK OF OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER DESIGN Tuma" ENeiNcenmNG MatiteMarics flartoBooK ams DESIGNER'S HANDBOOK OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS Williams and Taylor + ELECTRONIC FILTER DESIGN HANDBOOK Power Electronics Books Antognetti- POWER INTEGRATED cIncuITS CChryssis HuGH-FREQUENCY SWITCHING POWER SUPPLIES Flanagan * HANDBOOK OF TRANSFORMER APPLICATIONS Grossner + TRANSFORMERS IN ELECTRONIC CIRCUTTS Mitchell» pCIDC SWITCHING REGULATOR ANALYSIS ‘Rombaut » POWER ELECTRONIC CONVERTERS: ACIAC Seguier * rOWER ELECTRONIC CONVERTERS: ACIDC CONVERSIONS Encyclopedias ‘CONCISE ENCYCLOFEDIA OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ELECTRONICS AND COMPUTERS. Dictionaries DICTIONARY OF COMPUTERS DICTIONARY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING DICTIONARY OF ENGINEERING DICTIONARY OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL TERMS ‘Markus * ELECTRONICS DICTIONARY ‘For more information about other McGraw-Hill materials, call -8002-MCGRAW inthe United States. In other Countries, © vurmearest McGraw-Hill office. SWITCHMODE POWER SUPPLY HANDBOOK Keith H. Billings, C.Eng., M.LEE. Yee President Ensncring Hammond Manatctaring Company, Ld MeGraw-Hil, Inc. Now York St. Louis San Francisco Auckland Bogotd Caracas Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan Montreal New Delhi San Juan Singapore Sydney Tokyo TorontoTo Diana For more than four years of giiiet encouragement Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Poblication Data Bitings, Keith #. ‘ ‘Switchmode power supply handbook / Keith H. Billings. bom. ? ISBN 0.07.0053308, ‘Electronic apparatus and appliances—Power supply-—Handbooks manuals, ete. [Tile ‘TR7BS1.15.B55 "1999 621,381°044—der9 sam cle Copyright ©1989 by McGraw-Hill ne. All rights reserved Printed inthe United States of America. Except as permited under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part ofthis publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by Eny means, or stored In a data base or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher 567090 WHT WHT 909876549 ISBN 0-07-005330-8 “The editors for this book were Dasiel A. Gonneau and Susan Thomas, the designer was Naomi Auerbach, and the production Supervisor wes Dianne L, Walber, I was set in Times Roman by the McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, Professional and Reference Division Composition Unit. Taformation contained In thie work has been obtained by ‘MeGraw-Hil,In, rom sources belived tobe reliable. However, tether MeGraw-ill nor ea authare guarantees the accuracy of Gamplctoner of any information published herein and nether ‘wor ie pushed with the understanding that MeGrew-Hil and [Me authore are eoplying information but are not attempting to ‘ender engineering o other prousional services. such services ire requited, te amntance of an appropiot profesional shoud bevoughe For more information about other McGraw-Hill materials, al 1800-2MCGRAW in the United States, In other countries, call your nearest McGraw-Hill offce. ‘TAB BOOKS Ine offers sofware for sle. For information and a catalog, please Contact TAB Software Departmest, Blue Fldge Summit, PA 172960850 CONTENTS Preface at Aetmovdedgments xi Units, Symbols, Dimanslons and ABBeavations Used In this Book xi PART 1_ FUNCTIONS AND REQUIREMENTS COMMON TO MOST DDIRECT-OFF-LINE SWITCHMODE POWER SUPPLIES 1. COMMON REQUIREMENTS: AN OVERVIEW 43 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Input Transient Voltage Protection. 113 Electromagnetic Compatibilty. 14 Diferentahsode Noise. 118 Common-Mode Noise. 1.8 Faraday Screens. 1.7 Input Fuse Selection 1.8 Line Rectifation and Capacitor Input Filters 38 rush Limiting. 1-10 StartUp Methods. 1.11. Soft Star 1.32 StartUp Overvoltage Prevention. 1.13. Output Overvoltage Protection. 1.14 Output Undervoltage Protection. 1.18 Overload Protection (input Power Limiting). 1-18 Outout Current Limit 157 Bove Drive Requirements for High-Voltage Bipolar Transistors. 138 Proportional Drive Circuits, 1.19 Anisturation Techniques. 4120 Snubber Networks. 1.21 Cross Conduction. 1.22 Outpa Filtering, Common Mode Noise, and Inpu-To-Output Isolation. 4128 Power Failure and Power Good Signals. 124 Power Good Signals. 1.25 Dual Input Voltage Operation. 1.26 Power Supply Hold- tp Time. 1.27 Synchronization. 1.28 External Inhibit. 1.28 Forced Current Sharing, 1.30 Remote Sensing. 1.31 P-Terminal Link 132 Low-Voltage Cutout. 1.39 Voltage and Currant Limit Adjustments, 1:34 Input Safety Requirements, 2, AC POWERLINE SURGE PROTECTION ur 2:1 Introduction, 2.2 Location Categories. 23 Likely Rate of Surge CGecurrences, 2.4 Surge Voltage Waveforms. 2.5 Transient ‘Suppression Devices. 2.6 Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs, Voltage Dependent Resistors. 2.7 Transient Protection Diodes. 28 Gas-filed Surge Arrestore 29 Ling Fite, Transient Suppressor Combinations 210 Category A Transient Suppression Fiters. 2.11 Category 8 Transient Suppression Filters. 2.12 A Case for Full Transient Protection. 213, The Cause of "Ground Return Voltage Bump” Stress. 28 Problems. ‘3. ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE (EMI) IN SWITCHMODE POWER SUPPLIES im 34 Introduction, 3.2 EMURRI Propagation Modes. 33 Powerline Conducted: Mode interference, 34 Safety Regulations (Ground Return Currents, 38 Powerline Fits. 3.6 Suporessing EM at Source. .~