GATE - 1996 ME : Mechanical Engineering 1. 1a 12 13 14 Write in your answerbook the correct or the most appropriate answer to the following multiple choice questions by writing the corresponding letter A, B, C or D against the subquestions number. (25 1=25) i, where i= JT, is given by @o were oF @1 ‘The expression curl (grad f), where f is a scalar function, is (equalto @) equal to div (grad 9 © ascalar of zero magnitude {d) a vector of zero magnitude The one dimensional heat condiction partial differential equation aot a "aes {@) parabolic ©) hyperbolic (© elliptic (@) mixed In the Gauss elimination method for solving a system of linear algebraic equations, triangularization leads to (@) diagonal matrix (b) lower triangular matrix (©) upper triangular matrix @ singular matrix Ifthe two principal trains ata point are 1000 x 10° and ~600 x 10“, then the maximum shear strain is 16 1 18. 19 (1000 ~ 600) 2 F (2 1000210 Ne Masia tear mins deoior® 800 10° {@) 800 « 10% (¢) 1600 x 10° () 500 x 10 (a) 200. 10+ If the ratio of the diameter of rivet hole to the pitch. of rivets is 0.25, then the tearing efficiency of the joint is (a)0.50 (9025 ) 0.75 (a) 087 In thick film hydrodynamic journal bearings, the coefficient of friction (@) increases with increases in load (@) is independent of load (6) decreases with increase in load (@) may increase or decrease with increase in load Aball A of massm falls under gravity from aheight hand strikes another ball B of mass m which is supported at rest on a spring of stiffness k. Assume perfeetly elastic impact. Immediately after the impact i. (a) the velocity of boli A is 5V/28h () the velocity of ball A is zero 1 (© the velocity of both balls is > ¥28h (@) none of the above ‘The bolts in a rigid flanged coupling connecting two shaffts transmitting power are subjected to (@) shear force and bending moment (W) axial force (© torsion {@) torsion and bending moment.1.10 A wheel of mass mand radius ris in accelerated rolling motion without stip under a steady axle torque T. Ifthe coefficient oF kinetic friction #8 the frietion foree from the ground on the whee! is @umg Ts (6) zero (d) none of the above LAL In spur gears, the circle on which the involute is generated is calted the (0) piteh cizcte (©) base circle 8) clearance circle (a) addendum circle 1.12 The specitic haeat of an seal gas depend on its (2) temperature @ pressure (©) volume (@) molecular weight and structare 113. For reversible adiabatic compression in a steady flow process, the work transfer per wil mass is f paw & | vap J tes @ J ser 1.14 A cycle consisting of two reversible isothermal processes and lwo reversible isobaric processes, is known as (a) Atkinson cycle (b) Stirling cycle (© Brayton cycle (@) Ericsson cycle 1.15. In flow through a pipe, the transition from laminar to turbulent flow does not depend on () velocity of the fluid @ density of the fluid (© diameter of the pipe (@ length of the pipe 1.46 For a given heat fiow and for the same thickness, the temperature drop across the material will be maximum for (@ copper @ steel (© glass-wool (d) refractory brick 1.17 Whenwetsteam flows througha threttle valve and remains wet at exit (a) ils temperature and quility increases @ its temperature decreases but quality increases (@ its temperature increases but quality decreases @) its temperature and quality decreases 18. The dimenation of surface tension is (a) ML ur @ML'? Mr 1418, The sake angle a drill (a) increases from centze to periphery (©) decreases trom centre to periphery (0 remains constant (d) is irrelevant to the drilling operation 1.20 Ligh! impurities in the molten metalare prevented {com reaching the mould cavity by providing a (@ strainer © button well (6) skim bob (W) all of the above 1.21 Preheating before welding is done to (w) make the steel softer () bum away oil, grease, ete, from the platesurface (1 prevent cold cracks (#) prevent plate distortion 1.22 The fil on a hole-shatt system is specified as 117-86. The type of fit is (a) clearance fit (8) cunning fit (sliding fit) (©) push fit (transition fit) (@) force fit (interference fit) 1.23 The iron-carbon diagram and the TTT curves are determined under (a) equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions respectively (8) norrequilibrium and equilibrium conditions respectively (©) equilibrium conditions for both (@) non-equilibriur’ conditions for both. 1.24 If at the optimum in a linear programming problem, a dual variable corresponding to a particular primal constraint is zero, then it means that (a) right hand side of the primal constraint can be altered withoutaffecting the optimumsolition (8) changing the right hand side of the primal constraint will disturb the optimum solution (©) the objective function is unbounded {@) the problem is degenerate 1.25 The individual human variability in time studies todetermine the prodnctionstandardsistaken care ofby (a) personal allowances (@) work allowances (6) rating factor (@) none of the above2a 22 23 24 25 26 Write in your answerbook the correct or the most appropriate answer to the following, multiple choice questions by writing the corresponding, letter A, B, Cor Dagains! the subquestion number. 20 «2= 40) tad Theeigenvalvesof |! 1 tare ia) 0,00 ()0,0,3 W001 ual A ball falls from a heighi of 1un, hits the ground and rebounds with half its velocity just before impact. Then after rising it alls and hits the ground and again rebounds with halfits velocity just before smpact, and so on. The total distance travelled by the ball till t eomes to zest on the ground is @2m (0) 573m (2/3m @ 5m ‘The particular solution for the differential equation a ay ay ae? Se By =Scosxis (9)05 cos x+ 15 sin x @) 1.5 005 x +0.5 sin x (15 sinx (#05 cos x A solid shaft can resist a bending moment of 3.0 kNm and a twisting moment of 4.0 kNim together, then the maximum torque that can be applied is (07.0 kNm @) 35kNm. (©A5 kNm (4) $9. kNm. A thick cylinder is subjected toan internal pressure of 60 MPa. Ifthe hoop siress on the outer surface is 150 MPa, then the hoop stress on the internal surface is (105 MPa (© 210 MPa ABand CD two uniform and identical bars of mass Wkgeach, as shown in the fig. 2.6. The hinges at A and Bare frictionless. The assembly is released from. test and motion occurs in the vertical plane. At the (180 MPa (@) 135 MPa 27 28. 29 instant tthe hinged passes the pi, he angi between the two bars will be ns (a) 60 degrees fc) 30 degrees © 374 degrees d) 45 degrees A.rod of length 1 ms sliding in a corner as shown in Fig. 27. At an instant when the rod makes an angle of 60 degrees with the horizontal plane, the velocity of point A an the rod is 1 m/s, The angular velocity of the roc at this instant trl A (a2ead/s im » (15 rad/s (905 rad/s (075 rad/s 2 A mass of 1 kg is suspended by means of 3 springs as shown in Fig 28, The spring constants K, K, and K, are respectively 1 KN/m, 3KN/m and 2 N/m. The natural frequency of the system is approximately (a) 46.90 He (8) 52.44 Hz. (€) 6055 Hz (0 7746 Ha ‘Amercury manometeris used tomeasure thestatic pressure at a point in a water pipe as shown in Fig.29. The level difference of mercury in the two limbs is 10 mm. The gauge presstue at that pointis(a) 1236 Po cb) 1333 Pa (vero [ip 98 Pal Jne which receives ‘and rejects 70 Kj of coe U is be designed. 2a0, A solar energy based hea et 80 it of heat al 100 diezeee © heat to the ambient at °0 dep; The thermal efficioney of the heat engine is (@ iss (a) indeterminate 211, For two cycles coupled in series, the topping cycle has an efficiency of 30% and the bottoming cycle has an efficiency of 20%. The overall combined cycle efficiency is (@) 30% @) 48%, (038% () 35% 2.12, A steam plant has the boiler efliciency of 92", turbine efficiency (mechanical) of 94%, generator efficiency of 95% and cycle efficiency of 44%. If 6% of the generated power is used to run the aunilliaies, the overall plant efficiency is @ 34% 39% © 45% @ 30% 2.18. Forlaminar flow through a long pipe, the pressure drop per unit length increases (@) in linear proportion to the cross-sectional area (b)in proportion to the dimeter of the pipe (in inverse proportion to the cross-sectional area (4) in inverse proportion to the square of cross- sectional area 24. For a current wire of 20 mm diameter exposed to air (h = 20 W/m? K), maximum heat dissipation occurs when thickness of insulation (k=0.5 W/mak) is @ 20mm (@) 25mm (©20oun @ 10mm 2.15 Tool life of 10 hours is obtained when cutting with single point tool at 63 m/min. If Taylor's constant C = 257.35, tool life on doubling the ~siocity willbe (@)5 hours (©383min - ® 257 min. (@ unchanged 2.16 218, 219 2.20 3. ‘Awito of 0.1 mm diameter is drawn from a rod of te mm diameter. Dies giving reductions of 20%, forts ane! SO% are available, For minimum error in the final size, the number of stages and reduction teach stage respectively would be (oy 3 stages and 80% reduction forall three stages (i) slages and 8% redvetion for first three stages followed by a finishing stage of 20% reduction {oS stages and reduction of 80%, 80%, 40%, 40%, ‘20% ia sequence (a) none of the above A850 mm diameter disc is to be punched out from J carbon steel sheet 1.0 mm thick. The diameter of the punch should be (a) 49.925 mm, (6) 30.075 mm (@) 50.00 mm (a) none of these tn an assembly line for assembling toys, five workers are assigned tasks which take times of 10, 8, 6, 9 and 10 minutes respectively. The balance delay for the line is (0) 435% ©) 14.0% Preliminary work sempling studies show that machine was idle 25% of the time based ona sample of 100 observations, The number of observations needed for a confidence level of 95% and an (@) 14.8% @) 16.3% accuracy of # 5% is (a) 400 () 1200 (©) 3600 (@ 4800 ‘The probability of a defective piece being produced ina manufacturing process is 0.01. The probability that out of 5 successive pieces, only one is defective. is @ (0.99 01) (&) 0.99) (0.00) (5x C9900! — @ 5x (0.99) O01) Match 4 correct pairs between List I and List IT for questions 3.1 through 3.5 below. No credit will be given for partially correct matching, (§x2=10 List List IT (@) Collision of 1. Euler’s equation of particles. motion ( Stability 2. Minimum kinetic energy (@) Satellite motion 3. Miniawum potential energy (@) Spining top 4.Ampulse-momentum principle 5. Conservation of moment of momentum32 List List It (a) Fourier number 1. Surface tenston (@) Weber number — 2. Farced convection () Grasholf number 3, Natiral convection (@) Schmidt number 4. Radiation 5. Transient heat conduction 6. Mass diffusion 33° List] List IU a) Celane number () Approach and range st {2} «0 hy (@) dh =C, dT, even ‘when Pressure L ideal gas 2. Van der Waals gas 3.S.Lengine 4. C.Lengine varies 5. Cooling towers 6. Heat exchangers 34. List I List It {o) Rivets for aircraft 1. Forging, body (8) Carburetor body. 2. Cold heading, (c) Crankshafts 3. Aluminium-based alloy (qj Nails 4. Pressure die casting, 5. Investment casting, 35 List! List It 4a 5. (a) Welding of aluminium alloy (8) Ship building (6) Joining of HSS drill bit to carbon steel shank (d) Deep penetration 4. Gas welding precision welds 1. Submerged arc welding, 2, Blection beam welding 3. TIG welding, A thin cylinder of 100 mm internal diameter and ‘5mm thickness is subjected to an intecnal pressure of 1OMPa and a torque of 2000 Nm. Calculate the magnitudes of the princial stresses. ‘Two bars ABrand BC aze connected by a friction less hinge at B. The assembly is supported and loaded as shown in Figute.5. Draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams for the combined beam AC, clearly labelling the important values, Also indicaie your sign convention. 00300 200 1. in Five holes of diometer 10 mm each are to be punched ina sheet 3 mm thick at pitch of 25 mm, What should be the minimum capacity of the press (in tonnes) if the yield point of material is 50 MPa and (a) onehole punched perstroke, five holes are punched ina single stroke Show with a neat sketch the arrangement of punches so as to avoided eccentric loading (ie. provide balanced loading). (t may be noted that ro shear is provided on the punches, A project requires an initial investment of Rs. 5,00,000/- and returns of Rs. 200,000/- at the end cof cach year for 5 yar with no terminal salvage. What is the undiscounted payback peviod for the project ? If the interest rate is 20%, compute the discounted payback period. SECTION-B (Marks 50) Answer any TEN question. All questions cary equal marks. Design a helical spring for a maximum compression load of 1200 N and a deflection of 30 mun. The permissible shear stress in the spring, ‘maierial is 400 MPa and the modulus of rigidity is 20 GPa. rake the spring index C as and the Whal's factor, __ ACaL 9613, ac-a TE ‘A power serew moves a nut against a force of 10 kN at a speed of 6 mm/s, The screw has a single square thread of 6mm pitch on a major diameter ‘of 35 mm. Calculate the power of the driving motor. ‘The coefficient of friction at the serew thread is 0115. ‘A simply supported beam is subjected to 2 single force P at a distance ‘b’ from one of the supports. Obtain the expression for the deflection under the toad using Castigliano’s theorem. How do you calculate deflection at the mid-point the beam ?32, Fig. 12. below show a planetary gear train. Gears? 4 and Shave 24, 40 and {44 teeth respectively. Gear 5 is fixed. Gear? is rotating clockwise at 700 1pm. What will be the rpm of the arm and gear 4? 13. Acylinder of mass 1 kgand radius 1 mis connected by two identical springs at a height of 05m above the center as shown in Fig. The cylinder rolls without sliping. If the spring constant is 30 kN/m. for each spring, find the natural frequency of the system for small oscillations. ‘AB ishinged toa fixed support at Aand the ‘nifoom dis¢ at B. Hoth hinges are ‘Aba cettain instant, the system is observed to be moving in the horizontal plane, when for the bar has an angular velocity « while disc has an anglar velocity of « relative to the bar, ‘Thebar and the disc are each of mass m. Determine (0) the angular momentum of the bar about the hinge A (8) the angular momentum of the disc about the hinge A (© the kinetic energy of the system 15, A four cylinder, four-stroke S.1. engine has a compression ratio of 8 and bore of 100 mam, with sttoke equal to the bore. The volumetric efficiency of each cylinder is equal to 75%. The engine operates at a speed of 4800 rpm, with an air-fuel ratio of 15. Given that the calorific value of fuel = 42 MI/kg, atmospheric air density = 1.12 kg/m’, mean effective pressure in the cylinder = 10 bar and mechanical efficiency of the engine = 80% determine the indicated thermal efficiency and the brake power. 16. The velocity of steam exiting the nazzles of the impulse stage of a turbine is 400m/s. The blades operate close to the maximum blading efficiency. The nozzle angle is 20° . Considering, equiangular blades and neglecting blade friction, calculate for 2 steam ‘low of 0.6 kg/s, the diagram power and the diagram efficiency. 17. Air enters the compressor of a gas turbine plant operating on Brayton eycle at 1 bar, 27° C. The pressure ratio in the cycle is 6.1f W, =2.5W,,where W, and W, are the turbine and compressor work respectively, calculate the maximum temperature and the eycle efficiency. 18, Ina simple vapour compression cycle, following arethe properties of the refrigerant R-12at various points ‘Compressor inlet : 83.2 KI/kg, v, = 0.0767 a/b Compressor = h, =222.6 KI /kg, v,= 0.0164 m'/kg, discharge Condenser exit : =8491)/kg, v= 0.00085 mi/kg19. 20, a Show that in a double-pipe counlertiow hewt exchanger 2f m, ¢, = mi, C, the temperature profiles of the two fluids along sis length are parallel straight lines. Ina hydroelectric stalion, waler is available a the rate of 175 m’/sunder a head of 18m, The turbines runata speed of 150 pm wilh averallefliciency of 82%. Find the number of turbines requived if hey have the maximum specific speed af 460 Fifty flat pieces 1 atm thick and initial dimensions: as shown in Fig, (a) are to be milled in a single cul lo the final dimension shown in Fig, (8) using end milling, If the cutterof diameter 25 min has 1tceth and rotates at 100 cpm, fine! (@) the maximum uncut chip thickness if the horizontal feed of the table is 10 mm/min, assuming single {ootl in contact. (8) the material removal rate, (0) the maximum torque if the yield strength of the material is 150 MPa. fe ps The pouring basin is a sand mould is 200 mm in diameter and 100 mm in height. The mould cavity isa cube of 125 mm side and must be filled in 25 seconds. ‘The maximum velocity must ensure Jaminar flow into the mould cavity and in the gates of circular corss-section. Design the spriie to avoid aspiration effects. Sa —— 205 Fig 20 Assume (i) a constant temperature, (i) n0 loss in the velocity head, and (ii) diameter of gate = 8 times the diameter at the sprue base. Properties of molten metal : kinematic viscosily 19 mm/s, density = 7000 kg/m?, and 6,7 35.6]/mole -X. (@ A steel cup of height 30 min and internal diameter 40 mm, with a flange of width 10 mm is to be deep drawn from a sheet 1mm thick. Determine the diameter of the blank and the deawing force. What is the dravy ratio ? Con the cup be drawn in a single operation ? ‘The properties of steel are : Yield point = 150 MPa, Ultimate tensile strength = 360 MPa, Linaiting draw ratio = 1.9 26. Neglect entry radius and blank holder effects, e080 2008 fon () Acube of 5 aim side is loaded as shown in Fig, (i) Determine the principal stresses o,,, and (i) Will the cube yield iC the yield strength of the material is 70 MPa ? Use Von Mises theory The cross-section of weld bead is shown in Fig. The profile of the bead and the fusion zone are taken circular for convenience. Bead width and radii of curvature of circular profiles are given in the figure, Calewate b-10—4 (a the bead height, (Hy penetration, and {6} dilution (%. All dimensions in Fig. are in mum, ig, shows the 3-wire method of inspecting screw threads. Assuming ISO metric threads of size M16 ‘with pitch = 2mun and effective diametes = 14.701 delermine the over write measurement S when the diameter of the roller used for the measurement is 1.155 mir. The diameter of the roller corresponds to the best wire size for which the roller touches the thread flanksat points located along the effective diameter. ‘Alloy stec! forged gear blank shown in Fig, (a) isto be machined to produce precision spur gear with a module of 5 mm. The finished gear is shown in Hig. @). Write down the operation sequence to machine this componentassuming amedium batch size of 300 gears, The operations should be listed in proper sequence as 1, 2,3,i. ped 1500 1606 (PAlidiamensions in mm 27. A job shop incus a cost of Rs. 60/- per day for each day a job isin the shop. At the beginning of a month there are five jobs in the shop with the following data : Which schediule will minimize the total cost? What is the minimum total cost ? Which jobs {if any) fail to meet their due dates ? The product structure of product P is shown in Fig, 28, The assembly of 2 units of B and 3 units of Cto produce 1 unit of A takes 1 week. The ordering, ead times for B, C and D are 2, 1 and 2 weeks respectively. The Master Schedule for produce P is as follows | week 6 7 8 Demand 20 10 50 Determine the net requirements of item Cif the initial inventory of A, B, Cand Dis 10, 20, 15 and 50 respectively. Also, determine the ordering schedule under a lot for lot ordering policy. Job 1 2 3 I 4 [ 5 | Processing time (day)| 5 | 3 8 2,6 | ‘Due date (days) 10 | 12 | 20] 9 3] ANSWERS 1 110) 12@ 13@ M@ 25) 16) 17() 1800) 19{a) 1.10(@) AN @) 112() 143%) 144) 115 116@ 147) 118) 119%) 1.20 (d) L21(c) 1.22(¢) 1.23 (a) 1.24(¢) 1.25 (¢) 2 2A() 220) 23@ 24) 256) 266) 27@) 28 29() 2100 2210) 242(@) 243) 214 (H) 2.15(0) 2A6(~) 2174) 218(d) 2.19(d) 220(@) 3 314, YS, O22 Wt 32 @5, WL 3 @4 33 4, W,-5, O% (> 34 3, OS O-4 2 35 @) 5, M1 ©3 O-2