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D tho:

Chun trao i ti liu s ho da trn Dublin Core Metadata

(Phin bn 1.0)

dng cho trao i d liu trong cc d n CNTT

C quan bin son: Ban qun l cc d n CNTT Thnh ph HCM S Khoa hc v Cng ngh Thnh ph HCM Ch tr: TS. Hong L Minh ThS. Nguyn Khc Thanh, ThS. o Quc Hng L Phm Hong Giu, V c Cm Hi Phm Quc Phng, Ng Quang Tun Huy, Nguyn c Tun Phi hp: TS. Nguyn Ch Cng T trng T chuyn mn, Ban iu hnh n 112 CP TS. Vn Lc Chnh Vn phng CNTT, B Khoa hc v Cng ngh ThS. Nguyn Long Tng th k Hi Tin hc Vit Nam ThS. Nguyn Minh Hip Ch tch Lin hip th vin cc trng H khu vc pha Nam

THNH PH H CH MINH 2004

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I. S cn thit phi c chun trong lu tr v trao i ti liu s ho Bt u t nm 2004, thnh ph H Ch Minh s trin khai mnh m cc d n CNTT ca Chng trnh mc tiu ng dng v pht trin CNTT thnh ph, thuc bn lnh vc ln sau y: 1. Cc d n Tin hc ho qun l hnh chnh nh nc ( n 112) 2. Cc d n ng dng H thng thng tin a l Tp. HCM (SagoGIS) 3. Cc d n ng dng CNTT trong cc lnh vc khc 4. Cc d n o to nhn lc, pht trin ngnh Cng nghip CNTT. Ban Qun l cc d n CNTT (Ban QLDA CNTT) thnh ph H Ch Minh vi nhim v tham mu cho S Khoa hc v Cng ngh gip y ban nhn dn thnh ph H Ch Minh t chc trin khai v qun l ton b cc d n CNTT nhn nhn mt thc t: thc hin c hiu qu Chng trnh CNTT, trch u t dn tri v thiu hiu qu, nht thit phi nhanh chng xem xt v p dng chun lu tr v trao i cc ti liu in t s ho, tin ti thng nht cc chun trong trao i thng tin, d liu gia cc h thng tin hc. y l mt nhim v tng i mi m v kh khn, do hin nay c kh nhiu cch lu tr, trao i d liu v thng tin ang c cc cng ty tin hc trong nc s dng cho cc doanh nghip v c quan chnh ph. Vic chp nhn h thng cc chun theo hng m, khng ph thuc vo vic s dng cc phn mm lu tr v trao i thng tin s l nguyn tc ch o khi xem xt vn nh chun trnh vn ph thuc vo cng ngh v sn phm do cc nh cung cp a ra.. Xut pht t thc tin trin khai cc ng dng CNTT v tin hc ho ti Tp. HCM, c bit trong qu trnh chun b u t d n H thng
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thng tin th vin in t lin kt cc trng i hc, sau khi trao i vi mt s chuyn gia CNTT v thng tin th vin ti H ni v thnh ph H Ch Minh, Ban QLDA CNTT xut xy dng bn D tho Chun trao i ti liu s ho da trn Dublin Core Metadata p dng trong cc d n CNTT ca thnh ph H Ch minh, phc v vic trao i d liu, thng tin, cc ti liu s ho v l c s nn tng cng ngh phc v tch hp d liu cho cc Trung tm tch hp d liu ang c xy dng ti Thnh ph H Ch Minh: Trung tm tch hp d liu cho cc d n 112, CityWEB, SagoGIS. Ti liu D tho Chun lu tr v trao i ny s c gi cho mt s chuyn gia CNTT, chuyn gia cc ngnh thng tin th vin, thng mi in t, GIS, mt s c quan chuyn mn ca trung ng v cc a phng xem xt, ng gp kin. Chng ti tin tng cc kt qu trin khai trn thc t ca cc chun lu tr v trao i thng tin do Ban qun l cc d n CNTT thnh ph H Ch Minh xut trong D tho s l ng gp thit thc cc c quan chuyn mn v qun l cp trung ng: Ban ch o quc gia v CNTT, B Khoa hc v Cng ngh, B Bu chnh Vin thng, B Thng mi, y ban Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng ca Quc hi xem xt trc khi ban hnh cc tiu chun quc gia. Mi kin trao i xin gi v a ch info@itpmo.hochiminhcity.gov.vn II. Chun lu tr ti liu s ho (ti liu in t ton vn) Xut pht t thc tin l hin nay, chng ta ang s dng cc cng c son tho vn bn da trn phn mm Microsoft Word, c kh nhiu ti liu in t c to lp v lu

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tr di khun dng ti liu doc ca Microsoft. Tuy nhin khun dng doc khng thch hp cho trao i vn bn hnh chnh gia cc cc c quan chnh ph, doanh nghip v cc l do sau: 1. Ti liu lu tr v trao i di dng doc d dng b thay i ni dung, khng c kh nng xc thc ngi to lp, ngi k, con du ng trn ti liu v cc thng tin khc km theo (bt ph ca lnh o, cc bt tch khc) 2. Hu ht cc ti liu - vn bn hin hnh u khng c phin bn in t s ho dng doc. Vic s dng khun dng doc nh chun trao i ti liu in t i hi cc c quan, doanh nghip phi tun th quy trnh son tho, s ho v lu tr ti liu in t, hoc bng phng php nhp liu, nhn dng t nhng ti liu vn bn bng giy. y l mt quy trnh tin hc ho rt kh khn v tn km, c th gy nn nhng s lng ph rt ln cho chnh cc c quan, doanh nghip khi p dng tin hc ho. 3. Cc ti liu dng doc thng cha cc thng tin n, cc macro, v c kh nng ly nhim virus rt ln, do khng nn dng lu tr, trao i vi cc h thng khc, tr khi ti liu ang c lun chuyn trong ni b mt n v, c quan ch x l, hon thin v ban hnh. Vi cc l do trn y, vic chn dng ti liu doc lu tr v trao i l khng ph hp. Chng ti xut ch s dng chun ti liu PDF (Portable Document Format) lu tr v trao i ti liu in t ton vn gia cc h thng tin hc vi cc u im nh sau: 1. Ti liu PDF c th c hnh
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thnh t cc ti liu doc mt cch kh d dng, gi nguyn nh dng nh ti liu gc. Ngoi ra cc ti liu do qut cc vn bn nh cc hnh nh s ho cng c th lu tr di dng PDF. 2. Ti liu PDF khng th thay i, nht l nhng vn bn, ti liu do s ho vn bn bng giy c cha cc bt tch, ch k, con du, 3. S dng cc ti liu s ho PDF, chng ta khng cn c ngay chun m ho ting Vit, do cc ti liu c th c s ho t cc vn bn in trn giy. 4. Ti liu PDF c th d dng c v in ra t nhiu loi thit b: PDA, my tnh IBM, MacIntosh, h iu hnh Windows, Linux, UNIX, vv... Vi tin b ca cng ngh s ho v lu tr ti liu hin nay, dung lng ca cc ti liu c qut vo my v s ho dng PDF l kh nh. Trn th gii pht minh ra cng ngh tm kim theo mu hnh nh (image search engine) cho php ngi ta c th tm kim ton vn trong nhng vn bn s ho qut vo my tnh v lu tr dng PDF m khng phi dng n nhn dng (xem th d search inside the books ti Amazon website). Tm li, chng ti ngh chn III. Phng thc trao i ti liu s ho cho s trao i cc ti liu s ho dng PDF c thun tin v d dng, nn km theo cc thng tin c bn v ti liu nh: tn ti liu, tc gi, ngy ban hnh, s hiu, ngun gc, ni lu tr, cc thng tin vn tt v ti liu, ch thch, v.v... Cc thng

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tin km theo ny c gi l cc thng tin metadata v ti liu. Trong b tiu chun quc gia ca M, m t cc ti liu in t, t nm 2001 Chnh ph M chp nhn s dng chun m t thng tin metadata d trn ngn ng XML, k hiu chun l ANSI/NISO Z.39.85-2001. Chun ny c tn gi l Dublin Core Metadata Element Set. Dublin Core Metadata Element Set gm c 15 trng chnh m t nhng thng tin quan trng nht, thng gp v chung nht trong phn loi, lu tr v trao i ti liu in t. T cc trng m t ny, ngi ta c th thm vo cc trng dn xut m rng ty kh nng m t ti liu ca Dublin Core metadata. Bn thn d liu metadata c th l mt tp tin XML, c th c lu tr trong mt h qun tr CSDL, tuy nhin s dng ng mc ch, ngi ta yu cu tp tin cha cc thng tin metadata v ti liu phi c km theo ti liu ngay khi bt u a ti liu vo lu tr, qun l v trao i. Sau y l m t mt qu trnh trao i ti liu in t ton vn km theo thng tin metadata m cc h thng x l thng tin cn phi nhn bit v x l Nhp liu bng tay: h thng phi cho php ngi dng to lp v lu tr cc thng tin metadata m t ti liu bng tay khi bt u a ti liu vo qun l v lu tr trong h thng (chi tit v cc trng metadata ni phn sau) Nhp liu t ng: h thng phi c kh nng t ng c cc thng tin metadata c gi t bn ngoi ti h thng v x l theo cch
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thc ging nh cc thng tin ny c ngi dng nhp bng tay vo h thng. (chi tit v chun mc trnh by thng tin metadata ni phn sau) Xut d liu metadata: h thng phi c kh nng xut ra cc d liu metadata theo chun mc thng nht dng trao i vi cc h thng khc, km theo ti liu in t ton vn. Phng thc trao i: ti liu in t ton vn v cc thng tin metadata km theo c khuyn co ch s dng web service. Tuy nhin h thng phi c kh nng tip nhn cc ti liu v thng tin metadata theo nhng cch truyn thng, trc tuyn v ngoi tuyn khc, nh trao i tp tin qua CD-ROM, E- mail, FTP, download t Net, v.v.... Khng khuyn co s dng cc m hnh client/server, cc chun trao i d liu trn mng phi s dng cc phn mm c vit ring, cc phng thc trao i d liu trc tip t CSDL nh nhn bn d liu (database replication), ng b d liu (database synchronization), cc chun c th khc nh Z.39.50, OAI harvest protocol, vv.... IV. S dng Dublin Core Metadata cho m t vn bn hnh chnh Sau y l th d s dng chun Dublin Core Metadata m t cc vn bn v ang c s ho trn h thng qun l vn bn ca Ban Qun l cc d n CNTT ti a ch http://itpmo.hochiminhcity.gov.vn

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