Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ximia a Likiοu
Ximia a Likiοu
2011
:
:
: 27/5/2011
: 60
: 7.45
(9)
3 .
5 .
(1-3)
1
) : (90,45)
80
35
Br
88
38
Sr
2+
55
25
Mn
35
38
25
80-35= 45
88-38= 50
55-25=30
35+1= 36
38-2=36
25
39
) 19
K
2 /
8 /
(0,95)
8 / N 1 /
2
. , , 2-3 mL
( HCl ). Cu,
Mg, Zn .
(1)
(1)
(1)
.
( 30,35)
..............................................Cu Zn
Mg.......................................
(0,95)
3
.
(51)
. ......................
. .................
. ..............
. .............
. .........
AKO
2
4 - 6.
4 6 .
10 .
4
.
SrCl2, KCl,
BaCl2, CaCO3.
A.
.
(4)
.
, .Cl
Bunsen.
, Sr2+ =>
SrCl2. + =>
KCl. (
) 2+ =>
BaCl2. Ca2+ =>
CaCO3.
B. , CuSO4 ,
. .
I.
;
(0,5)
..........................................................................................................
II.
;
(0,5)
.........................................................................................................
III.
;
................................
IV.
(1)
(2)
Fe Cu
SO42-
V.
.
(2)
Fe ..+ CuSO4. Fe SO4 +Cu.
5
) , ,
Ca, Mg, Na.
) : ,
,
(0,95)
) : . (
)
.(0,5)
) :
,
..............................................................(1,5)
)
.
(30,35)
g,Ca,Na
)
.
(60,5)
SO42+
K2
SO4
NO3-
OH-
KNO3
KOH
. :
(31)
:a3(PO4)2.
:(NH4)2 CO3.
:Al2O3
6
)
.
(50,5)
C12H22O11()
CaCl2
X
X
HCl
NaOH
O2
) , C12H22O11 CaCl2
.
(2)
,
,.
Coulomb
) , O2 ; .
(1,5)
. , .
, .
) :
Mg
Cl
17
(4)
.
8
. 1 . g2+ + 2Cl- => MgCl2
12
7 - 8.
7 - 8 .
15 .
7
) ;
(1,5)
.
,
) (2) 3 .
.
.2 : 2
(1)
3 : 3 L M 2,8,2
...................................................12...............................................................................
39
)
I.
19
19
;
(1 )
( 7 )
................................................................................................................
II. ;
1 , 4
7 ,. 2
23
)
I.
11
(1)
(2)
39
19
.
..2/8/1............ 2/8/8/1.....................................................................
(2)
.................................................................................................................................
II. ; .
(1,5)
,
6
, =>
Coulomb.......................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
)
(3)
:
2
2 (
)
H-H
H-O-H,
O=O
) :
Ca(OH)2
H3PO4
Al2(CO3)3
CuO
H2SO4
Mg(NO3)2
(3)
8:
1.
H
He
N
Na
Mg
O
Cl
Ar
Ca
) .
(1)
)
.
2He
, 7N ,
11Na
12Mg
17Cl
18Ar
1,
20Ca,
(3 )
8O
) ;
(1)
........... ...............................................................................
) ;
(1)
.......................... .................................
) :
(2)
IA .
IIA.. .
VIIA. .
VIIIA.
) ;
(0.5)
............................1, 2, 3 e.................................................................................................
) ;
(0,5)
...............................................Na, Mg, Ca.......................................................................
H) :
N2
(2 )
Cl2
(
N2
Cl2 )
) ;
(1)
()...................................................
) rrhenius ,
-, -, ,-, :
(3)
: ()
+
..
: : ()
.
Mg(OH)2
HNO3
H2CO3
H3PO4
Al(OH)3
..( -. )
( , , )