:  
 
( "!  
 #$
 )731 *(
 1
: ,  .
 / $, 1 2 -1-1
C + 3D

2 A+ B

67
3
.,  
B ; ., 7 6,  <:2-1
.! 
  / $,  .
> 
@, , A <. 2 : 3-1
! 
 / $, ! DE #@,< >; . 2 :4-1

 !/ $, ! DE #@, >; H.,  :5-1

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------: IJ

[C ] [ D ]
2
[A ] [B ]
3

Qr =

:/ $, 1 :1-1

--------------------------------------------------------------

[C ] [ D ]
.;M IN O7 / $, 1 ;. !" DK L 67
 . Q r =
2
[A ]

[C ]q [ D ] q
=
2
[ A ]q

--------------------------------------------------------------

:!
67
3
.,  
B 7 6,  :2-1

[C ]q [ D ] q
:RN Q"!
=
2
[ A ]q [ B ]q
3

:> P  Q "! K

, , A :3-1

--------------------------------------------------------------

xf

: ! 
 ! / $, ! DE #@, >; :4-1
x max
. K , , P / $, #; T ! 
/ $, ! DE #@, >; H.,

( "!  
 #$
 )732 *(
 2
:  , 3 $, L . ;,.>

HCO2 H + C 6 H 5 CO2
HCO2 + C 6 H 5 CO2 H (1
( aq )

( aq )

( aq )

C2 H5CO2 H+ H2O
NH

( aq )

C 2 H 5 CO2 + H 3O +

( )

(aq)

( aq )

( aq )

+ H 2O

(2

( aq )

NH 4 + HO

()

(3

( aq )

( aq )

. / $, 1  . /  ;E 2

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[HCO ] [C H CO H ]
[HCO H ] [C H CO ]
[C H CO ] [H O ]
=

: IJ

Qr =

(1

-------------------------------------------------------------

Qr

[C 2 H 5CO2 H ]

(2

--------------------------------------------------------------

Qr =

[NH ] [HO ]
+

[NH 3 ]

(3

( "!  
 #$
 )733 *(
 3
. Ag 3 PO4 : V$ $"  . AgC 2 V$ ,; AgC V$  6  . 6,( 1
. / $, 1   / "! 2( 2
1

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------: IJ
(1


Ag + C AgC
+

( aq)

( aq)

(s)


Ag + + 2 C AgC 2
( aq )

( aq )

(s)


3
Ag 3 PO 4 3 Ag + + PO 4
( aq )

(s)

( aq )

--------------------------------------------------------------

1
C
1

Qr =

[Ag ] [

Qr =

[Ag ] [C ]

Qr = Ag + PO4

(2

:> P  Q

] [

:RN  Q

:P P  Q( 2

( "!  
 #$
 )73 4 *(
 4
:! , / $,; ,.>

+
CH 3CO2 H + H 2 O
CH 3CO2 + H 3 O
( aq )

( )

[CH

( aq )

CO 2

( aq )

. / $, 7D , , A ;. 2( 1

: , "!   #> (2
+
4
= H 3 O q = 1, 2 10 mol /

] [
q

[CH 3CO2 H ]q = 9,6 10 4 mol /

. / $, 7D > 
@, , A 6

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------: IJ
, , A ;. (1

[CH CO ] [H O ]
K=

[CH 3CO2 H ]q

--------------------------------------------------------------

(2

CH 3CO 2 H 3O +
(1, 2 10 4 ) 2
q
q
=
= 1, 5 10 5
K =
4
CH
CO
H
9,
6

10
[ 3 2 ]q

( "!  
 #$
 )73 5 *(
 5
+

. ( K + I )   ; 50m .mol R ,Q S1 LQ Y "! 6M> l

( aq )

. 8m.mol

( aq )

(2 K + + S 2 O8 )   ,; >! A ; 10m.mol Z< V> A

( aq )

2m.mol

( aq )

V  2\  . # ! EA   ,> E > 71Y A $M 2\[ 3>
./ $,  . 6, -1
0m.mol :@ / $, #@ 71Y #E 

   #@, #I ^  #-2
/ $, #@, H., / / $, 1 
* 3P L Q "! 6( 3

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------: IJ
:/ $,  . (1
2

2I +

+
I2
............................................................................................................................................
n1 = 50m .mol :#; I
  n1  ,(2
S 2 O8

2SO4

n 2 = 10m .mol

:#; S 2 O8

: I S 2 O8
( aq )

  n2  ,

 / $, #@ #I

( aq )

2I

S 2 O8
2 SO4

 

0
n2
2x
n2 x

n1
n1 2 x

2I

x
V
2x
=
V

50
50 2x

n (I ) = 50m .mol n (S 2O 8

n (I ) = 46m .mol n( S 2 O8

n (I ) = 34

m.mol : #@,
0
x

[I ] = n V 2 x

 Q
#;  Q
t KQ #E

[S O ] = n V x
2

S 2 O8
2 SO4

 

10
0
10 x
2x

/ $,  .

I2
0
x

. [I 2 ] =
. [SO4 2 ]

: E#
V = V1 + V2 = 50 + 100 = 150ml : Q
 !  Q
/ $,  .
+
I2
m.mol : #@,
0
x

0
x

 Q
#;  Q
t KQ #E

0m .mol :
@ / $, #@ 71Y #E 

 
) = 10m .mol n (SO 4 2 ) = 0m .mol
n (I 2 ) = 0m .mol

2m.mol :
@ / $, #@ 71Y #E 

 
2
) = 8m.mol n( SO4 ) = 4m.mol
n( I 2 ) = 2m.mol
8m.mol :
@ / $, #@ 71Y #E 

 

n( S 2 O8 ) = 2m.mol n( SO4 ) = 16m.mol

n( I 2 ) = 8m.mol

--------------------------------------------------------------

:/ $, 1 (3
x
2x
( )2
4x 3
4x 3
V
V
Qr =
=
=
=
2
2
2
I S 2O 82 ( n1 2x ) 2 n 2 x (n1 2x ) (n 2 x ) (0, 05 2x ) (0, 01 x )
V
V
./ $, #@, H., / $, 1
0m .mol :
@ / $, #@ 71Y #E 

 
4x 3
Q r ==
=0
(0, 05 2x ) 2 (0, 01 x )
2m .mol = 0, 002mol :
@ / $, #@ 71Y #E 

 

[ I 2 ] SO 4 2

Q r ==

4x 3
4.(2.103 )3
32.109
=
=
= 1,54.1010
2
2
3
3
(0, 05 2x ) (0, 01 x ) (0, 05 0, 004) (0, 01 0, 002) 2,116.10 98.10
8m .mol = 0, 008mol :
@ / $, #@ 71Y #E 

 

4x 3
4.(8.103 )3
2, 048.106
=
=
= 0,8858 0,9
(0, 05 2x ) 2 (0, 01 x ) (0, 05 0, 016) 2 (0, 01 0, 008) 1,156.103 2.103
./ $, #@, 1 
* H., .>

Q r ==

( "!  
 #$
 )73 6 *(
 6
3

: ef OfE; g
Q !  Q hh ( * 
S = 1cm 2 ; l = 1cm) 1 ^ i@>
. G = 2,03 10 4 S : #E" c = 5 10 3 mol / l
./h Q / $,  . 6,( 1
./ $, 7 "! 1#,
> N> N f # (2
. / $, 7D ! DE #@, >; 6( 3
./ $, 7  .
> 
@K , , A 6( 4
H O + = 3,5 10 2 S .m 2 / mol :!^.>
3

C H COO = 3,23 10 3 S .m 2 / mol

: IJ
./h Q / $,  . (1

-------------------------------------------------------------

C 6 H 5 COOH + H 2 O
( aq )

C 6 H 5 COO + H 3O

(l )

( aq )

( aq )

 

n1
n1 xq

"
"

:/ $, #@ #I (2

/ $,  .

m.mol : #@,
0

xq

xq

xq

 Q
#;  Q
, #E

:2\ h ;.

n( H 3 O + ) = n(C 6 H 5 COO ) : E# #@, #I 31 

: !
*  @ 3. k;M O7

=G

S
: G = :  .> 1 DI 
S

: !
k;M @ * 3.

10 2 m
104 m 2
C 6 H 5COO = H 3O + =
= 0, 53mol / m 3 = 0,53 10 3 mol / L

2
3
2
1
q
q
(3, 5 10 + 3, 23 10 )S .m .mol
n x
n x
[C 6 H 5COOH ] = 1 q = 1 q = c 0, 53mol / L = 5.10 3 0, 53.10 3 = 4, 47 10 3 mol / L : E#
V
V
V
2, 03 104 S

--------------------------------------------------------------

:! DE #@,( >; 3

. #Q

 / $,
  OfE; g
 #@, #I 31 
x max = n1 :
4

xq
x max

xq
n1

[H O ]
+

c.V

= 0,106 = 10,6 o o

5 10 3

[C H COO ] [H O ] = (0,53 10

[H O ] = 0,53 10
=

:, , A (4
3 2

)
= 6,28 10 5
[C 6 H 5COOH ]
(4,47 10 )

( "!  
 #$
 )737 *(
 7
K=

. 
o > N / $  . 6,( 1
: ! , # "! D /MQ
 r ,E o
> 7
> q $,\ c f, ;E > N Q
 h
 i@> (2
c(mol )l )
10 3
5.10 3
10 2
33,3
100,4
70
( .S .cm 1 )
. Q / "! #I,
> N> q !.$ 
! f, #I
/
.,
 7
 f, H., /. ! DE #@,  @ >; r ,E  r,E,( 3
HO = 19,9mS .m 2 .mol 1 :!^.>

NH = 7,34mS .m 2 .mol 1
+

(1: IJ

-------------------------------------------------------------+

NH 3 + H 2 O
( aq )

NH 4 + HO

(l )

( aq )

:/ $, #@ #I (2

/ $,  .

( aq )

 

"
"

n1
n1 xq

m.mol : #@,
0

xq

xq

xq

 Q
#;  Q
, #E

:2\ h ;.

n( NH 4 ) = n( HO ) : E# #@, #I 31 
: !
*  @ 3. k;M O7

:# H;^
3

10
33,3

5.10
70

10
100,4

c(mol )l )

( .S .cm 1 )
: N Q
 ;E

100, 4 106 S 102 m 1

NH 4 + = HO =
= 0,37 mol / m 3 = 0,37 103 mol / L
q
q
(19,9.103 + 7,34.103 )S .m 2 .mol 1
[ NH 3 ]q = c NH 4+ = 102 0,37.103 = 9, 63 103 mol / L
q

:!> P Q
 ;E
6

70 10 S 10 m
NH 4 + = HO =
= 0, 257mol / m 3 = 0, 257 103 mol / L
3
3
2
1
q
q
(19,9.10 + 7,34.10 )S .m .mol
+
[ NH 3 ]q = c NH 4 = 5.103 0, 257.103 = 4, 74 103 mol / L
2

:s P Q
 ;E
6

33,3 10 S 10 m
NH 4 + = HO =
= 0,122mol / m 3 = 0,122 103 mol / L
3
3
2
1
q
q
(19,9.10 + 7,34.10 )S .m .mol
+
[ NH 3 ]q = c NH 4 = 103 0,122.103 = 8, 78 104 mol / L
2

--------------------------------------------------------------

xf
x max

xq
xmax

xq
n1

[NH ]
=

:! DE #@,( >; 3

. #Q

 / $,
>  N #@, #I 31 
x max = n1 :

c.V

[NH ]
=
+

[NH ] = 0,37 10
+

: L Q
 ;E
3

10 2

[NH ] = 0,257 .10

=
+

5.10 3

[NH ] = 0,122 .10

+

10 3

= 0,037 = 3,7 o o
3

:!> P Q
 ;E
0,05 = 5

:s P Q
 ;E
0,12 = 12 o o

.Q
 f t* E
 f [ 3>. /
.,
 7
 f, H., ! DE #@,>;

( "!  
 #$
 )748 *(
 8
. 
o O> P
 g
 / $  . 6,( 1
. / $, 7  .
> 
@K , , A ;. 6,( 2
. c = 0,01mol / l :  1Y
 O> P
 g
Q f V = 100m D
  
; 
 ,.> (3
. 1,2 10 4 :  , #E / $, #@  H@Q , #E K = 1,6 10 4 , , A 

 ,>  
  "!   N< ,\
 .$ f,( 4
.2\ pH r,E,

: IJ
: 
o O> P
 g
 / $  . (1

--------------------------------------------------------------

K=

[HCOO ] [H O ]

:, , A ;. (2

[HCOOH ]

--------------------------------------------------------------

no ( HCOOH ) = cV
. = 0, 01mol / L 100 103 L = 103 mol = 1m .mol :! #; HCOOH (
  3
(aq )

:/ $, #@ #I

6

( aq )

( aq )

(l )

( aq )

m.mol :
 

0
"
"
xq

no

no xq

/ $,  .

HCOO + H 3O +

HCOOH + H 2 O

m.mol : #@,
0

 Q
#;  Q

xq

xq

, #E
: E# #@, #I 31 

[HCOO ] = [H O ] = xV

[HCOO ] [H O ] =
K=

x1q =

)
V
=
no xq

xq

V2
:
x q
[HCOOH ]
c
V
V
2
K .xq
xq
K .xq xq
Kc
2 =0

)= 2

K (c
V
V
V
V
2
K .c.V 2 K .V .xq xq
2
+ K .V .xq KcV = 0

= 0 : 
@ #
V2
= ( KV ) 2 + 4 KcV 2 :> P I#   . !
3

xq

xq

: n( HCOO ) = n( H 3O + ) = xq

KV + ( KV ) 2 + 4 KV 2 .c 1,6.10 4.0,1 + (1,6.10 4.0,1) 2 + 4.1,6.10 4 (0,1) 2 .10 2

=
1,2 10 4 mol
2
2

KV ( KV ) 2 + 4 KV 2 .c
<0
2
x
1, 2 104
HCOO = H 3O + = q =
= 1, 2 103 mol / L
:O7
V
0,1
n x
x
x
[HCOOH ] == o q = no q = c q = 10 2 1,2.10 3 = 8,8 10 3 mol / l
V
V
V
V
pH = og H 3O + = og (1,2 10 3 ) = 2,92 :2\ pH r,E,>

x 2 q =

888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888
(  
 /DE) !#
 ,    
 
  


 
Q$M K>

-------------------------------------------------------------------------: IJ

. HNO2 / NO2 CH 3COOH / CH 3COO :

,1#,
 # * g
 ,If
(
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:/h Q / $,  .(
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:#;(
 

2
3
4
3
n (CH 3COOH ) = C .V = 10 mol / L 20 10 L = 2 10 mol = 0, 2 10 mol = 0, 2m .mol
8

n ( NO ) = C V
. = 10 2 mol / L 20 103 L = 2 104 mol = 0, 2 103 mol = 0, 2m .mol
2

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------: / $, #@ #I (

CH 3COOH + NO2

m.mol
0,2
0,2 x

0,2
0,2 x

0,2 x f

/ $,  .

CH 3COO + HNO2
:
 

0
0
x
x

0,2 x f

xf

xf

#@,
0
x

 Q
#;  Q
, 

xf

 DE  Q

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:2\ h ;. (

[Na ] = [NO ] : 

( M w,> Q

 ! D  Q)

: !
k;M @ * 3.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------K=

: , , A (

[HNO2 ].[CH3COO ]
[CH3COOH].[NO2 ]

n(CH 3COOH ) = n( NO ) = 0,2 x f

: #@, #I 31  [3>

. CH 3COO = [HNO2 ] [ CH 3 COOH ] = NO2 : n(CH COO ) = n( HNO2 ) = x f : 1 DI 

K=

[CH COO ]

:!
k;M , , A

[NO ]

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------: 
K> E# (

[CH COO ] = 0,2. [NO ]ZE 4.10

[CH COO ]
=

[NO ]

k;M (1) K = 4.10 2 : o

[NO ] =

:

Na +

+ NO + 0,2.CH COO

1,13 10 S (10 m)
1,13 10 S .m
=
0,87mol / m 3
2
1
2
1
2
3
(5 + 7,2 + 0,2 4,1) 10 S .m .mol
13,02 10 S .m .mol

[CH COO ] = 0,2. [NO ] = 0,2 0,87 = 1,74mol / m

3

:k;M(2) *3.

mol / L : f,;  .E

NO 2 = 0,87mol / m = 0,87 10 mol / L

CH 3COO = 1, 74 103 mol / L
3

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------: (!   

x f = n( CH COO ) : #@, #I 31  E# =
3

xf
x max

n(CH 3 COO )
: CH 3COO =
: .>
VS

n (CH 3COO ) = CH 3COO V S = 1, 74 103 mol / L 40 103 L = 0, 696 104 mol

x max = 0,2m.mol = 0,2 10 3 mol : E#

xf
x max

0,696 10 4
= 0,348 34,8 O O :! ,
0,2 10 3
 
 /DE !#
 , 
 

. NO2 :! HNO2 g
Q @" 
# @(
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:g
Q #;(
 

n ( HNO2 ) = C .V = 102 mol / L 50 103 L = 5 104 mol = 0,5 103 mol = 0,5m .mol

: %& '* (

HNO2 + H 2 O
0,5
0,5 x

m.mol
"
"

0,5 x f

"

NO2 + H 3O

/ $,  .

0
x

0
x

#@,
0
x

 Q
#;  Q
, 

xf

xf

xf

 DE  Q

:
 

.2@" = 22 o 0 N #Q / $ D" ! i / $, 7 z" 100 o o  yh ! DE #@,
>; 3

0,5 x max = 0

,E g
  7 #Q

 / $,
 !  $,1L H" : RM*N #@,3

x max = 0,5m.mol

:! DE #@,3

3
10

x f = x max = 0,22 0,5 = 0,11m.mol :

n( H O + )
3

H 3O + =

0,5
0,5 x f = 0,39

m.mol
"
"

xf



x max
= x f : kV, #@, #I 31 3

n (H 3O ) x f
0,11 103 mol
=
=
= 2, 2 10 3 mol / L :
3
VS
VS
50 10 L

HNO2 + H 2 O

pH = og H 3O + = og (2,2 10 3 ) 2,66 : ZE

: / $,  D> #E  
M3

+
/ $,  .
NO2 + H 3O
#@,
 Q
:
 

0
0
0
#;  Q
0,11
0,11
0,11
 DE  Q
x

n (HNO 2 ) 0,39 10 3 mol

=
= 7,8 103 mol / L
[ HNO 2 ] =
3
VS
50 10 L

 
 /DE !#
 , 
 

11

. { Q$M i$> R 1N

 , 7 kQM K,>

SBIRO ABDELKRIM lyce agricole

Oulad-Taima rgion d'agadir royaume du Maroc
Mail : sbiabdou@yahoo.fr
Msen messager :
sbiabdou@hotamail.fr
H", !
.H",    Y> Q M  ,Y >E L

12