Ilmu Pertanian

USUL PENELITIAN UNGGULAN UNIVERSITAS BENGKULU

PENGGUNAAN EKSTRAK-AIR DAUN KATUK SEBAGAI PENGGANTI FEED ADDITIVE KOMERSIAL UNTUK MEMPRODUKSI MEAT AND EGG DESIGNERS YANG EFISIEN

Ir. Urip Santoso, M. Sc.,Ph.D Suharyanto, S.Pt., Msi. Ir. Kususiyah, MP

UNIVERSITAS EN!KU"U

#U"I $%%&

'alaman Pen(esahan Usulan Riset Un((ulan Uni)ersitas en(*ulu +. #u,ul - Pen((unaan E*stra*.Air Daun Katu* se/a(ai Pen((anti Feed Additive Komersial untu* Mempro,u*si Meat and Egg Designers yan( E0isien. $. Ketua Peneliti a. Nama "en(*ap - Ir. Urip Santoso, M.Sc., Ph.D /. #enis Kelamin - "a*i.la*i. c. N I P - +1+ 2+3 24% ,. #a/atan Stru*tural -. e. #a/atan 5un(sional - !uru esar 0. 5a*ultas6#urusan - Pertanian6Peterna*an (. Pusat Penelitian -. h. Alamat - #urusan Peterna*an, 5a*ultas Pertanian UNI . i. Telpon65a*s - 7%4128 $++4% e*s. $+3, ++% 9. Alamat Rumah - #l. Uni/ Permai II6:4 en(*ulu 1&+$; *. Telpon65a*s6e.mail - 7%4128 41+%$;2 1. #an(*a <a*tu Penelitian - $ tahun. :. Pem/iayaan a. #umlah /iaya yan( ,ia9u*an *e UNI - Rp &%.+2%.%%%,. /. #umlah /iaya tahun *e + - Rp :%.+2%.%%%,. . iaya tahun *e + yan( ,ia9u*an *e UNI - Rp :%.%%%.%%%,. . iaya tahun *e + ,ari Institusi "ain - Rp =

en(*ulu, +2 #uli $%%& Men(etahui, De*an 5a*ultas Pertanian Ketua Peneliti,

Ir. >u?ana, M.Sc., PhD8 NIP. +1+ 2$4 %;$

Ir. Urip Santoso, M.Sc., Ph.D NIP +1+ 2+3 24% Menyetu9ui, Ketua "em/a(a Penelitian

Drs. Sar?it Sar?ono, M. 'um. NIP +1+ 2%+ 22$

I. Identitas Penelitian +. #u,ul - Pen((unaan E*stra*.Air Daun Katu* se/a(ai Pen((anti Feed Additive Komersial untu* Mempro,u*si Meat and Egg Designers yan( E0isien. $. Ketua Peneliti a8 Nama "en(*ap /8 i,an( Keahlian - Ir. Urip Santoso, M. Sc., Ph.D - Nutrisi Terna* Mono(astri*.

c8 #a/atan Stru*tural - . ,8 #a/atan 5un(sional - !uru esar e8 Unit Ker9a 08 Alamat Surat (8 Telpon65a*s h8 E.mail 1. An((ota Peneliti No. +. $. 1. Nama ,an !elar A*a,emi* Urip Santoso, Ph.D Suharyanto, S.Pt., MP Ir. Kususiyah, MP :. A/9e* penelitian- #urusan Peterna*an, 5aperta UNI - #l. Uni/ Permai II6:4 en(*ulu 1&+$;. - 7%4128 $++4% e*s. $+3, ++%. - santoso@uni/.ac.i, - + oran( i,an( Keahlian Nutrisi Mono(astri* Te*nolo(i 'asil Terna* Pro,u*si Un((as Instansi Peterna*an Peterna*an Peterna*an Alo*asi <a*tu #am6m( ulan +% & 2 & 2 &

Tahun A/9e* Penelitian + Ayam /roiler $ Ayam petelur

Aspe* Penelitian Pen((unaan e*stra* ,aun *atu* se/a(ai pen((anti feed additive *omersial untu* mempro,u*si meat designer yan( le/ih e0isien ,an alami. Pen((unaan e*stra* ,aun *atu* se/a(ai pen((anti feed additive *omersial untu* mempro,u*si egg designer yan( le/ih e0isien ,an alami.

;. Masa pela*sanaan penelitian. Mulai . era*hir - Tahun $%%& - Tahun $%%3 Rp. :%.+2%.%%%,.

2. An((aran yan( ,iusul*an . Tahun pertama . An((aran *eseluruhan - Rp &%.+2%.%%%,.

4. "o*asi PenelitiTahun $%%& $%%3 "o*asi Penelitian "a/oratorium Peterna*an, #urusan Peterna*an, 5a*ultas Pertanian, Uni)ersitas en(*ulu. "a/oratorium Peterna*an, #urusan Peterna*an, 5a*ultas Pertanian, Uni)ersitas en(*ulu. &. 'asil yan( ,itar(et*anTahun $%%& $%%3 Temuan /aru6pa*et te*nolo(i6hasil lain a8 pro,u*- e*stra* *atu*, /8 pro,u*- meat designer, c8 proses pem/uatan e*stra* *atu*, ,8 0ormula pa*an /roiler, e8 ha* cipta. a8 pro,u*- egg designer, /8 0ormula pa*an petelur, c8 ha* cipta. 3. Institusi lain yan( terli/at +%. Keteran(an lain yan( ,ian((ap perluTahun $%%& $%%3 Mahasis?a yan( terli/at ti(a s*ripsi ti(a s*ripsi Pu/li*asi Satu pu/li*asi internasional Satu pu/li*asi internasional - Ti,a* a,a.

II. Su stansi Penelitian ABSTRAK 'asil penelitian se/elumnya menun9u**an /ah?a suplementasi e*stra* ,aun *atu* air panas 7suhu 3%oB8 menurun*an penim/unan lema*, namun secara stan,ar USDA /elum memenuhi stan,ar tuntutan *onsumen. Kon,isi ini ,i,u(a *arena air panas merusa* se/a(ian senya?a a*ti0 yan( a,a ,alam ,aun *atu*. Selain itu, /elum a,a penelitian tentan( e*stra* *atu* se/a(ai pen((anti feed additive *omersial. er,asar*an pemi*iran terse/ut, ma*a penelitian ini ,ila*u*an untu* men(e)aluasi pen(aruh e*stra* air *atu* yan( ,ie*stra*si ,i /a?ah suhu 3%oB se/a(ai pen((anti feed additive *omersial untu* mempro,u*si ,a(in( ,an telur sesuai tuntutan *onsumen 7meat and egg designer) yan( e0isien. Pa,a tahun pertama, penelitian ini men((una*an /roiler umur $% hari 7perio,e 0inisher8. +&% e*or /roiler ,i*elompo**an *e ,alam 2 *elompo* perla*uan yaitu se/a(ai /eri*ut- +8 Kontrol yaitu /roiler yan( ,i/eri pa*an yan( men(an,un( feed additive *omersial se/esar ; (6*( pa*an- $8 roiler ,i/eri pa*an men(an,un( $,; ( feed additve *omersial 6*( pa*an plus $,; ( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra* pa,a suhu 3%oB6*( pa*anC 18 roiler ,i/eri pa*an men(an,un( ; ( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra* pa,a suhu ;oB6*( pa*anC :8 roiler ,i/eri pa*an men(an,un( ; ( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra* pa,a suhu 1% oB.6*( pa*anC ;8 roiler ,i/eri pa*an men(an,un( ; ( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra* pa,a suhu 2%oB6*( pa*anC 28 roiler ,i/eri pa*an men(an,un( ; ( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra* pa,a suhu 3% oB.6*( pa*an. Setiap perla*uan ter,iri ,ari 1 /uah *an,an( yan( /erisi +% e*or /roiler. roiler ,ipelihara ,alam *an,an( litter sampai ,en(an umur :$ hari. #umlah ransum yan( ;

,i*onsumsi, 5BR ,an pertam/ahan /erat /a,an ,iu*ur setiap min((u. Pa,a a*hir penelitian, ; e*or /roiler untu* setiap *elompo* perla*uan ,isem/elih ,an /erat or(an, lema* perut, lema* leher, ,a(in( ,an /a(iannya ,itim/an(. Kar*as6,a(in( paha untu* masin(.masin( perla*uan ,i*ole*si untu* analisis *a,ar *olesterol, *omposisi asam lema*, asam amino ,an .*arotin. #umlah Salmonella sp ,an Escherichia coli pa,a ,a(in( 9u(a ,ihitun(. 'asil penelitian a*an ,ianalisis ANAVA ,an 9i*a /er/e,a nyata a*an ,iu9i lan9ut ,en(an DuncanDs Multiple Ran(e Test. Pa,a penelitian tahun *e,ua, empat puluh ,elapan e*or ayam petelur ,i*elompo**an *e ,alam 2 *elompo* perla*uan yaitu se/a(ai /eri*ut- +8 Kontrol yaitu ayam petelur yan( yan( ,i/eri pa*an plus ; ( feed additive *omersial6 6*( pa*anC $8 Ayam petelur ,i/eri pa*an men(an,un( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra*si pa,a suhu ;oB se/esar ; (6*( pa*anC 18 Ayam petelur ,i/eri*an pa*an men(an,un( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra* pa,a suhu 3%oB se/anya* $,; (6*( pa*an plus $,; ( feed additive *omersial6*( pa*anC :8 Ayam petelur yan( ,i/eri pa*an men(an,un( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra* pa,a suhu 1% oB se/esar ; (6*( pa*anC ;8 Ayam petelur yan( ,i/eri pa*an men(an,un( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra*si pa,a suhu 2%oB se/esar ; (6*( pa*anC 28 Ayam petelur yan( ,i/eri pa*an men(an,un( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra* pa,a suhu 3%oB se/esar ;( 6*( pa*an. Setiap perla*uan ter,iri ,ari & /uah *an,an( yan( /erisi + e*or ayam petelur 7in,i)i,ual ca(e8. Varia/el yan( ,iu*ur ,an analisis statisti* sama ,en(an pa,a penelitian pertama.

BABI. PENDA!ULUAN a. "atar ela*an( De?asa ini in,ustri un((as ,iha,ap*an *epa,a permasalahan untu* mempro,u*si ,a(in( ,an telur yan( ren,ah *olesterol, ren,ah total lipi, ,an ren,ah asam lema* 9enuh, tetapi *aya asam amino tertentu seperti asam aspartat, asam (lutamat ,an ar(inin 7yan( a*hir.a*hir ini ,i/u*ti*an mempunyai peranan pentin( /a(i ter9a(anya *esehatan optimal manusia8, ren,ah tin(*at *ontaminasi oleh mi*ro/ia pato(en ,an /e/as resi,u senya?a *imia sinteti* serta men(an,un( protein ,an . *arotin yan( tin((i. Pro,u* ,a(in( ,an telur ,en(an *riteria terse/ut ,inama*an meat and egg designers. Permasalahannya a,alah /ah?a feed additive *omersial yan( /ere,ar ,i pasar selain men(an,un( senya?a *imia sinteti* 9u(a ti,a* mampu mempro,u*si ,a(in( ,an telur ,en(an *riteria terse/ut ,i atas. Feed additive *omersial yan( ,i9ual ,i pasal, misalnya, pro,u*si Me,ion 7$%%48 hanya men(an,un( se9umlah )itamin, mineral mi*ro, antio*si,an ,an anti/ioti*. Dari susunan feed additive terse/ut ti,a* ter,apat senya?a.senya?a yan( ,i/utuh*an untu* men(hasil*an meat and egg designer seperti .*arotin, senya?a penin(*at rasa 7*alium, asam (lutamat, IMP8, senya?a penurun /au

amis, senya?a penurun *olesterol ,an asam aspartat, asam (lutamat serta ar(inin. Selain itu, feed additive *omersial ini 9u(a ti,a* mampu men(hasil*an pro,u* ,a(in( ,an telur yan( /e/as mi*ro/ia pato(en. 'al ini ,i,u*un( oleh hasil penelitian Santoso et al. 7$%%+a,/,cC Santoso et al., $%%$8 yan( menun9u**an /ah?a pem/erian feed additive *omersial men(hasil*an ,a(in( ,an telur yan( tin((i *a,ar mi*ro/ia pato(ennya. Pa,a umumnya, feed additive *omersial ,isusun oleh senya?a.senya?a sinteti*, yan( telah ,i/u*ti*an mempunyai side effect yan( tin((i seperti merusa* sistem hormonal ,an *e*e/alan tu/uh 7Bao et al., $%%:8. Selain "e#$asala%an te#se ut di atas& feed additive '($e#sial tida' di#an)an* untu' da"at $en*atasi st#ess "anas "ada #(ile# dan a+a$ "etelu# +an* di"eli%a#a "ada su%u tin**i se"e#ti dae#a% "esisi#. Untu* men(atasi permasalahan terse/ut, ma*a perlu ,icari*an alternati0 feed additive alami yan( ,apat men((anti*an feed additive *omersial ,an mampu mempro,u*si meat an, e(( ,esi(ner yan( e0isien. Feed additive alami terse/ut harus men(an,un( senya?a a*ti0 yan( mem/eri*an side effect yan( le/ih *ecil ,ari pa,a senya?a *imia sinteti* serta /erpotensi untu* ,i(una*an se/a(ai feed additive alami untu* mempro,u*si meat and egg designer serta mampu men(atasi stress panas pa,a /roiler ,an petelur yan( ,ipelihara ,i ?ilayah pesisir. Feed additive alami yan( /erpotensi untu* men((anti*an feed additive *omersial antara lain a,alah tum/uhan o/at. Salah satu tum/uhan o/at yan( memenuhi *riteria ,i atas untu* men(hasil*an meat and egg designer a,alah ,aun *atu*. /. Tu9uan Khusus Tu9uan penelitian ini a,alah se/a(ai /eri*ut+. Untu* memperoleh meto,e e*stra*si ,aun *atu* ,en(an air pa,a suhu yan( optimal. $. Mem/an,in(*an e*stra* ,aun *atu* se/a(ai feed additive ,en(an feed additive *omersial ,alam mempro,u*si meat and egg designer yan( e0isien. 'asil penelitian ini a*an ,apat mem/eri*an *ontri/usi se/a(ai /eri*ut+. Kontri/usi terha,ap pem/aharuan ,an *ema9uan ipte*s. a. Penelitian ini a*an men(un(*ap*an meto,e e*stra*si ,en(an air pa,a suhu yan( tepat. Meto,e e*stra*si ,en(an air pa,a suhu yan( tepat ,iharap*an

,apat memo,i0i*asi *omposisi asam lema*, .*arotin, *olesterol, tri(liseri,a ,an protein pa,a ,a(in( /roiler secara optimal. "e$ uatan e'st#a' daun 'atu' da"at di"aten'an. /. 'al lain yan( a*an ,iun(*ap a,alah *emun(*inan e*stra*.air ,aun *atu* /erperan ,alam mence(ah fatty liver syndrome pa,a /roiler. c. elum a,a penelitian meta/olisme lema* ,an mo,i0i*asi *omposisi *imia ,a(in( ,an telur terutama *omposisi asam lema*, asam amino ,an . *arotin ,a(in( ,an telur oleh e*stra* ,aun *atu*. $. Keun((ulan untu* memecah*an masalah pem/an(unan Penelitian ini ,apat memecah*an 1 masalah utama ,alam pem/an(unan yaitua. Pen((unaan e*stra*.air ,aun *atu* ,apat men((anti*an feed additive *omersial ,an mem/eri*an e0isiensi pro,u*si yan( le/ih /ai*. !al ini san*at $e$ antu dala$ "en*e$ an*an usa%a "ete#na'an #(ile# dan "etelu# dan "enin*'atan "enda"atan "ete#na'. /. Mempro,u*si meat designer yaitu ,a(in( ,an telur ,en(an *riteria ren,ah *olesterol, tri(liseri,a, asam lema* 9enuh, /e/as resi,u senya?a *imia sintetis ,an tin((i *a,ar protein ,an .*arotinnya. Pro,u* hasil penelitian ini san(at men,u*un( pro(ram pemerintah ,alam penye,iaan /ahan pan(an yan( /er(iEi tin((i ,an aman ,i*onsumsi. P#(du' meat designer da"at di"aten'an. c. Mempro,u*si egg designer yaitu telur ,en(an *riteria ren,ah *olesterol, tri(liseri,a, asam lema* 9enuh, /e/as resi,u senya?a *imia sintetis ,an tin((i *a,ar protein ,an .*arotinnya. Pro,u* hasil penelitian ini san(at men,u*un( pro(ram pemerintah ,alam penye,iaan /ahan pan(an yan( /er(iEi tin((i ,an aman ,i*onsumsi. P#(du' egg designer da"at di"aten'an. ,. Pen((unaan e*stra*.air ,aun *atu* ,apat menurun*an polusi a*i/at 0eses 7*otoran8 ,an *an,un(an nitro(en ,an 0os0or yan( tin((i ,alam 0eses. Nitro(en ,apat ,iu/ah men9a,i amonia*, nitrat ,an nitrit yan( ,apat mencemari u,ara, tanah ,an air misalnya p' air ,an tanah men9a,i ren,ah. P#(ses

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e. Menin(*at*an ,aya sain( pro,u* ,a(in( /roiler ,an petelur ,i pasar (lo/al, *arena meat and egg designer mutunya sesuai ,en(an tuntutan *onsumen (lo/al. 0. Menyum/an( pu/li*asi ilmiah internasional ,ari ilmu?an In,onesia ,i tin(*at internasional. 1. Mem/eri*an sum/an(an /a(i *ema9uan ipte*s a. Mem/eri sum/an(an pen(etahuan /erupa *omposisi asam lema*, asam amino, .*arotin ,alam e*stra*.air ,ari ,aun *atu*. /. Te*nolo(i e*stra*si ,aun *atu* ,en(an air pa,a suhu yan( optimal. c. Pen(em/an(an te*nolo(i meat and egg designer. c. Ur(ensi 7Keutamaan8 Penelitian Kesulitan untu* mempro,u*si meat and egg designer terse/ut ,apat ,iatasi oleh pen((unaan e*stra* ,aun *atu* se/a(ai pen((anti feed additive *omersial. 'al ini ,i*arena*an ,aun *atu* /anya* men(an,un( senya?a a*ti0 yan( ,apat /erperan se/a(ai feed additive. Daun *atu* men(an,un( 2 senya?a utama yaitu monomethyl succinate ,an cis.$.methyl cyclopentanol asetat, asam /enEoat, asam 0enil malonat, $.pyroli,inon ,an methyl pyro(lutamate 7A(ustal et al., +3348. Methyl pyro(lutamate 9i*a ,i*onsumsi oleh un((as *emun(*inan ,apat menin(*at*an sintesis asam amino ,an menin(*at*an sintesis protein. !lutamate merupa*an senya?a antara ,alam sintesis protein. Sintesis asam amino ,an protein memerlu*an ener(i tin((i, sehin((a ,eposisi lema* menurun se9alan ,en(an menin(*atnya sintesis asam amino. Selain itu, (lutamat mempunyai peranan pentin( ,alam pen(ham/atan sintesis asam lema*. Monomethyl succinate ,an methylcyclopentanol acetate ,i,u(a ,apat ,i*on)ersi*an men9a,i succinate ,an acette. Pem/erian acetate ,an succinate ,apat /erperan ,alam si*lus *re/ sehin((a ,ihasil*an ATP yan( le/ih /esar. 'al ini men(a*i/at*an e0isiensi meta/olisme ener(i men9a,i le/ih /ai*. E0isiensi meta/olisme yan( le/ih tin((i ,i,u(a a*an menin(*at*an e0isiensi pa*an. Asam 0enil malonat ,apat ,i*on)ersi*an men9a,i malonil.KoA yan( /erperan ,alam meta/olisme asam lema*. Selain itu acetate ,an succinate /erperan ,alam meta/olisme lema*. er,asar*an asumsi terse/ut ,i atas, ma*a pem/erian e*stra* ,aun *atu* ,i,u(a ,apat memo,i0i*asi *omposisi asam lema*, *olesterol ,an 0ra*sinya,

tri(liseri,a, ,an menin(*at*an ,eposisi protein serta memo,i0i*asi *omposisi asam amino pa,a ,a(in( ,an telur. 'al ini ,i,u*un( oleh hasil penelitian /eri*ut ini. Santoso ,an Sartini 7$%%+8 menemu*an /ah?a pem/erian tepun( ,aun *atu* se/esar 1F ,alam ransum /roiler mampu menin(*at*an e0isiensi ransum se/esar +%F ,an menurun*an a*umulasi lema* perut se/esar 1%F serta menurun*an *a,ar lema* *ar*as. Namun pem/erian tepun( ,aun *atu* se/esar 1F ini menurun*an pertam/ahan /erat /a,an. Santoso 7$%%+a,/,c8 menemu*an e*stra* air panas 7*atu* ,ie*stra* ,en(an air panas /ersuhu 3%oB8 9u(a mampu menurun*an a*umulasi lema* pa,a a/,omen se/esar +;F. #i*a ,i/an,in(*an ,en(an penelitian Santoso ,an Sartini 7$%%+8, ma*a e*stra* *atu* cen,erun( menin(*at*an pertam/ahan /erat /a,an ,an le/ih e0isien 9i*a ,i/an,in(*an ,en(an tepun( *atu*. Daya (una e*stra* a*an le/ih optimal 9i*a ,ie*stra*si ,en(an air /ersuhu le/ih ren,ah 7Ris0aheri et al., +3348. Daun *atu* men(an,un( +%.%+% ( all.trans..carotene6+%% ( ,aun *atu* 7'ulsho0 et al., +3348. Aleh se/a/ itu, pem/erian ,aun *atu* *e ,alam ransum /roiler ,apat menin(*at*an *a,ar .*arotin ,alam *ar*as. Penin(*atan senya?a terse/ut ,alam *ar*as san(at pentin( selain /er0un(si se/a(ai pi(men, ia 9u(a /er0un(si se/a(ai pre*ursor sintesis )itamin A ,an se/a(ai antio*si,an alami. Intro,u*si .*arotin *e ,alam *ar*as se/a(ai pi(men *unin( alami masih *ontra,i*si ,i antara peneliti. Misalnya, sementara Su/e*ti menemu*an /ah?a .*arotin secara si(ni0i*an mampu menin(*at*an ?arna *unin( telur, namun penelitian lain ternyata ti,a* e0e*ti0 7e.(. Santoso et al., $%%$8. Kuran( si(ni0i*annya penin(*atan ?arna *unin( telur pa,a penelitian Santoso et al. 7$%%$8 ,ise/a/*an oleh meto,e e*stra*si yan( men((una*an air /ersuhu 3%oB yan( menye/a/*an se/a(ian .*arotin rusa*. Selain itu, a,a *emun(*inan /ah?a ,aun *atu* 9u(a mempunyai si0at anti/a*teri. Darise ,an Sulaeman 7+3348 menemu*an /ah?a e*stra* ,aun *atu* men(ham/at pertum/uhan /a*teri Staphylococcus aureus ,an Salmonella typhosa, tetapi *uran( mem/eri*an ,aya ham/at terha,ap Pseudomonas ,an Escherichia coli. Santoso 7$%%+a,/,c8 men(e)aluasi pen((unaan e*stra* ,aun *atu* = yan( ,ie*stra*si ,en(an air panas 7suhu 3%oB8.. 9u(a mampu menurun*an 9umlah Escherichia coli ,an Salmonella sp. ,a(in( ,an menin(*at*an e0isiensi pertum/uhan. 'al ini

+%

,iper*uat oleh hasil penelitian Santoso et al. 7$%%+8 yan( menemu*an e*stra* ,aun *atu* se/anya* :,; (6l air minum mampu menurun*an a*umulasi lema*, 9umlah Salmonella sp. ,an Escherichia coli ,alam 0eses /roiler serta menin(*at*an pertum/uhan. 'asil penelitian Santoso et al. 7$%%$8 menun9u**an /ah?a ,ari /er/a(ai meto,e e*stra*si 7pelarut- 3;F etanol, 4%F etanol ,an methanol serta air /ersuhu 3% oB8 ternyata air panas mem/eri*an hasil yan( ter/ai*. Namun, masalahnya e*stra*si ,en(an air panas a*an merusa* /e/erapa senya?a a*ti0 pa,a ,aun *atu*. Ris0aheri et al. 7+3348 menemu*an /ah?a mes*ipun e*stra*si ,en(an air panas 7suhu 3%oB8 men(hasil*an ren,emen yan( tin((i namun /e/erapa senya?a pentin( men(alami *erusa*an. Aleh se/a/ itu ,aya (una e*stra* ,aun *atu* ,imun(*in*an a*an le/ih /ai* 9i*a men((una*an meto,e e*stra*si air ,en(an suhu air yan( le/ih ren,ah. E'st#a' daun 'a+a a'an ,ita$in - dan ,ita$in E .Ris/a%e#i et al.& 01123. Kedua ,ita$in ini tela% te# u'ti $e#u"a'an sen+a4a antist#ess "anas .I"e' et al.& 56623. Ole% se a itu& "en**unaan e'st#a' daun 'atu' e#"(tensi $en*atasi st#ess "anas "ada #(ile# dan a+a$ "etelu# +an* di"eli%a#a di dae#a% "esisi#. Kele/ihan e*stra* ,aun *atu* 9i*a ,i/an,in(*an ,en(an feed additive *omersial, ,isampin( le/ih *aya a*an senya?a.senya?a yan( ,apat ,i(una*an untu* men(hasil*an meat and egg designer, 9u(a mempunyai *ele/ihan ,alam aspe* har(a. 'asil perhitun(an menun9u**an /ah?a har(a 9ual e*stra* ,aun *atu* a,alah Rp +;.%%%,.6*(, se,an(*an har(a feed additive *omersial a,alah se/esar Rp 1%.%%%,.6*(. #i*a ,ihitun(, setiap e*or ayam /roiler mem/utuh*an +4,; ( feed additive. #i*a *ita men((una*an feed additive *omersial ,iperlu*an /iaya se/esar Rp ;$;,., tetapi 9i*a men((una*an e*stra* *atu* ,iperlu*an /iaya hanya Rp $2$,; per e*ornya. #i*a ,alam in,ustri /roiler s*ala menen(ah yan( men(eluar*an /roiler se/anya* $%.%%% e*or setiap /ulannya, ma*a a*an ,ihemat /iaya se/esar Rp ;.$;%.%%%,.6/ulan. Keuntun(an lain pen((unaan e*stra* ,aun *atu* a,alah har(a ,a(in( atau telur yan( ,ihasil*an mempunyai har(a le/ih tin((i antara 1%.2%F ,ari har(a ,a(in( ,an telur yan( diberi feed additive *omersial serta mempunyai mutu internasional. 'asil pen(amatan ,i pasar menun9u**an /ah?a telur /e/as Salmonella sp sa9a ,i9ual ,en(an har(a Rp +.%%%,.6/utir, sementara telur /iasa hanya Rp 2%%,. . Rp 4%%,.. Pa,ahal, pro,u* ,ari penelitian ini /u*an sa9a men(hasil*an

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,a(in( ,an telur yan( /e/as Salmonella sp., tetapi 9u(a /e/as Escherichia coli, ren,ah *olesterol, *aya .*arotin, *aya asam (lutamat, asam aspartat, ar(inin, ,an /e/as resi,u senya?a sinteti* G anti/ioti* serta tin((i *eleEatan tetapi ren,ah /au amisnya. er,asar*an hasil penelitian ,an uraian terse/ut ,i atas, ma*a ,i,u(a /ah?a suplementasi e*stra* ,aun *atu* yan( ,ie*stra*si ,en(an air /ersuhu le/ih ren,ah ,aripa,a 3%oB a*an men(hasil*an meat and egg designer ,en(an mutu le/ih /ai* ,an le/ih e0isien 9i*a ,i/an,in(*an ,en(an feed additive *omersial. BAB II. STUDI PUSTAKA Salah satu upaya untu* menin(*at*an pro,u*ti)itas ,an e0isiensi pen((unaan pa*an a,alah ,en(an menam/ah*an feed addtive *e ,alam pa*an /roiler ,an petelur. Feed additive a,alah Eat atau /ahan yan( ,itam/ah*an *e ,alam pa*an yan( ,apat menin(*at*an *esehatan terna* ,an proses peman0aatan (iEi oleh terna* 7Sinurat et al., $%%$8. Salah satu feed additive yan( ,apat ter,apat ,alam feed additive *omersial a,alah anti/ioti*. Mes*ipun anti/iotic mampu menin(*at*an pro,u*yi)itas, naum anti/iotic ternyata mempunyai e0e* ne(ati0 terha,ap *esehatan manusia *eti*a mere*a men(*onsumsi ,a(in( ,an telur 7 arton ,an 'art, $%%+8, sehin((a /anya* ne(ara yan( *emu,ian melaran( pen((unaannya. Peneliti lain 7Bhen et al., $%%;C Imi* et al., $%%2C ,an Kyria*is et al., $%%18 9u(a menemu*an /ah?a mes*ipun anti/ioti*a se/a(ai peran(san( pertum/uhan ,en(an cara men(uran(i /a*teri ,an memo,i0i*asi mi*ro0lora ,alam saluran pencernaan, anti/ioti*a 9u(a tersimpan ,alam pro,u* terna* ,an /erpotensi menye/a/*an resistensi mi*ro/ia pato(en yan( menyeran( manusia. 'al ini ,iper*uat oleh Kha*se0i,i ,an Rahimi 7$%%;8 /ah?a pen((unaan anti/iotic untu* menin(*at*an pertum/uhan, e0isiensi pa*an ,an mence(ah in0e*si usus menye/a/*an /er*em/an(nya /acteria yan( resisten terha,ap anti/ioti* ,alam saluran pencernaan ,an a,anya resi,u o/at ,alam ,a(in(, ,an telur. Feed additive *omersial ,isampin( men(an,un( anti/ioti*, ia 9u(a men(an,un( senya?a sinteti*. Ter,apat /u*ti /ah?a pen((unaan senya?a sinteti* mempunyai e0e* sampin( yan( le/ih /esar ,aripa,a senya?a alami. Bao et al. 7$%%:8 menemu*an /ah?a pen((unaan senya?a sinteti* ternyata le/ih /erpotensi untu* merusa* sistem *e*e/alan tu/uh ,aripa,a senya?a alami. Me*anisme tentan( le/ih tin((inya e0e* sampin(

+$

senya?a sinteti* masih /elum ,i*etahui. Selain itu, senya?a sinteti* a*an tera*umulasi ,alam ,a(in( ,an telur, ,an *eti*a ,i*onsumsi, ,apat mempunyai e0e* ne(ati0 terha,ap *esehatan manusia ,alam 9an(*a pan9an(. Selain permasalahan terse/ut ,i atas, feed additive *omersial yan( ,i9ual ,i pasar ti,a* men(an,un( senya?a.senya?a yan( mampu menin(*at*an ?arna *ar*as ,an *unin( telur, ,an rasa serta ti,a* men(an,un( senya?a.senya?a yan( mampu menurun*an Salmonella sp., Escherichia coli, *olesterol, tri(liseri,a, ,an /au amis pro,u* un((as 7Me,ion, $%%48. Paha,al *onsumen ,e?asa ini menuntut pro,u* un((as ,en(an *riteria.*riteria ,i atas serta menuntut pro,u* un((as /e/as ,ari resi,u o/at. o/atan. Untu* itu, ,iperlu*an feed additive lain yan( le/ih aman, /e/as resi,u o/at. o/atan serta mampu memenuhi tuntutan *onsumen. Salah satu feed additive alami yan( /erpotensi untu* men((anti*an feed additive *omersial a,alah ,aun *atu*. er,asar*an hasil penelitian, ,aun *atu* *aya a*an .

*arotin yaitu se/anya* +%.%$% ( 7Dep*es, +3&$8. Ini /erarti pem/erian ,aun *atu* ,an e*stra*nya ,apat menin(*at*an *a,ar pi(men terutama .*arotin ,alam *ar*as /roiler. Selain itu, .*arotin se/a(ai pro)itamin A ,apat ,iu/ah men9a,i )itamin A. #a,i pem/erian ,aun *atu* ,an e*stra*nya ,apat menin(*at*an *a,ar .*arotin ,an )itamin A ,alam *ar*as /roiler. 'asil penelitian Santoso et al. 7$%%$8 menun9u**an /ah?a pem/erian e*stra* air panas 7suhu 3%oB8 se/anya* 3 (6*( ransum cen,erun( menin(*at*an ?arna *unin( telur. Pa,a penelitian ini, pi(mentasi *uran( e0e*ti0 untu* menin(*at*an ?arna *unin( telur. 'al ini ,i,u(a *arena air panas 7suhu air 3% o B8 merusa* .*arotin. Ris0aheri et al. 7+3348 menemu*an /ah?a mes*ipun e*stra*si ,en(an air panas 7suhu 3%oB8 men(hasil*an ren,emen yan( tin((i namun /e/erapa senya?a pentin( men(alami *erusa*an. Aleh se/a/ itu ,aya (una e*stra* ,aun *atu* ,imun(*in*an a*an le/ih /ai* 9i*a men((una*an meto,e e*stra*si air ,en(an suhu air yan( le/ih ren,ah. Namun /elum ,i*etahui suhu e0e*ti0 yan( ,apat men(e*stra*si senya?a a*ti0 tanpa merusa* senya?a terse/ut. E*stra*si ,en(an air pa,a suhu tertentu san(at pentin( artinya untu* men(hilan(*an e0e* ne(ati0 ,ari ,aun *atu*. Menurut Bhan( et al. 7+33& 8, !er et al. 7+3348, "ai et al. 7+3328 ,an >on( et al. 7+3348 /ah?a men(*onsumsi 9us se(ar ,ari ,aun *atu* ,apat meran(san( *elainan pa,a paru.paru yaitu

+1

Bronchiolitis obliterans ,an chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pen(aruh ne(ati0 ini ,apat ,i*uran(i ,en(an mere/us ,aun *atu*. Senya?a lain yan( pentin( ,alam ,aun *atu* yan( *emun(*inan /erperan ,alam meta/olisme Eat (iEi ,itemu*an oleh A(ustal et al. 7+3348. Mere*a menemu*an /ah?a hasil !BMS terha,ap e*stra* ,aun *atu*, ma*a ,itemu*an a,a 2 senya?a utama yaitu monomethyl succinate ,an cis.$.methyl cyclopentanol acetate 7ester8, asam /enEoat ,an asam 0enil malonat 7asam *ar/o*silat8, $.pyrroli,inon ,an methyl pyrro(lutamate 7al*aloi,8. Apa/ila ,aun *atu* ,ipanas*an ,en(an air, ma*a senya?a.senya?a ester yan( a,a ,alam ,aun *atu* a*an ,ihi,rolisis men9a,i asam *ar/o*silat. Se,an(*an Suprayo(i 7$%%%8 menemu*an /ah?a ,aun *atu* men(an,un( an,rostan.+4.one, 1.ethyl.1. hy,roHy.; alpha 7steroi,8. Dep*es 7+3&$8 menemu*an /ah?a ,aun *atu* *aya a*an )itamin B yaitu se/anya* +2: m(6+%% (ram ,aun *atu*. Vitamin B /er(una /a(i *esehatan /roiler ,an petelur yan( ,ipelihara pa,a ,aerah tropis yan( mempunyai suhu ,an *elem/a/an tin((i. Suplementasi )itamin B 9u(a /er(una /a(i /roiler ,an petelur yan( mempunyai pertum/uhan ,an pro,u*ti)itas tin((i. Ipe* et al. 7$%%48 nenemu*an /ah?a pem/erian )itamin E ,an B mampu menin(*at*an pro,u*si telur, e0isiensi pen((unaan pa*an ,an pertam/ahan /erat /a,an. E*stra*si ,en(an air panas 7suhu ,i atas 3%oB8 a*an merusa* senya?a.senya?a a*ti0 ,alam ,aun *atu* 7Ris0aheri et al., +3348, sehin((a e0e*ti)itasnya men9a,i ren,ah. 'al ini terun(*ap ,alam penelitian Santoso et al. 7$%%$8 yan( menemu*an /ah?a mes*ipun pem/erian e*stra* air panas pa,a ayam petelur 7suhu e*stra*si 3%oB8 terse/ut mem/eri*an e0isiensi pa*an yan( le/ih /ai* ,aripa,a e*stra* etanol maupun e*stra* methanol, tapi *enai**an e0isiensi pa*an terse/ut /elum si(ni0i*an. Pa,a penelitian lainnya, Santoso 7$%%+8 9u(a menemu*an /ah?a e*stra* air panas *uran( e0e*ti0 menin(*at*an pertam/ahan /erat /a,an. Pa,ahal ,en(an a,anya senya?a steroi, 7Suprayo(i, $%%%8 ,an senya?a a*ti0 lainnya 7A(ustal et al., +3348 seharusnya e*stra* ,aun *atu* san(at e0e*ti0 untu* menin(*at*an pertam/ahan /erat /a,an. E*stra*si ,en(an air yan( /ersuhu le/ih ren,ah ,i,u(a ,apat mence(ah ter9a,inya *erusa*an senya?a a*ti0, sehin((a e0e*ti)itasnya men9a,i le/ih optimal. Senya?a yan( /erperan ,alam penurunan penim/unan lema* antara lain a,alah )itamin B, methyl pyrro(lutamate ,an .*arotin. 'asil penelitian Santoso et al. 7$%%$8

+:

menun9u**an /ah?a e*stra*si air panas 7suhu

e*stra*si 3%oB8 menurun*an *a,ar

*olesterol telur le/ih /ai* ,aripa,a e*stra* etanol ,an e*stra* methanol. Dalam penelitian lain 7Santoso et al., $%%+8, e*stra* air panas ini mampu menurun*an a*umulasi lema* a/,ominal se/esar $%F ,an hanya menurun*an +%F *a,ar lema* ,alam *ar*as. 5oo, an, Dru( A,ministration in the Unite, States 7+3348 menyata*an /ah?a untu* men(hasil*an suatu pro,u* yan( secara le(al ,inyata*an le/ih ren,ah atau menurun*an *a,ar Eat (iEi tertentu, pro,u* terse/ut harus men(an,un( Eat (iEi yan( ,inyata*an turun terse/ut minimal $;F le/ih ren,ah ,aripa,a *a,ar Eat (iEi yan( normal. er,asar*an pernyataan ini, ma*a e*stra* air panas /elum e0e*ti0 menurun*an penim/unan lema* pa,a a/,omen ,an *ar*as. Untu* menin(*at*an e0e*ti)itas e*stra* air panas ,ari ,aun *atu*, ma*a ,iperlu*an meto,e e*stra*si air pa,a suhu yan( le/ih ren,ah. Meman( hasil penelitian Santoso ,an Sartini 7$%%+8 menun9u**an /ah?a pem/erian tepun( ,aun *atu* se/esar 1F mampu menurun*an lema* a/,ominal se/anya* 1%F, namun menurun*an pertam/ahan /erat /a,an. Penurunan pertam/ahan /erat /a,an ini ,alam ,unia in,ustri peterna*an ,i ne(ara /er*em/an( ,apat /er,ampa* *ecilnya *euntun(an yan( ,iperoleh peterna*. 'al ini ,i*arena*an pen9ualan /roiler hanya /er,asar*an /erat /a,an ,ari pa,a /erorientasi *epa,a mutu *ar*as. 'asil penelitian Santoso et al. 7$%%+8 menun9u**an /ah?a e*stra* ,aun *atu* /erpotensi untu* menurun*an 9umlah Salmonella sp ,an menin(*at*an mi*ro/ia e0e*ti0 seperti Escherichia coli, ,an actobacillus sp. Darise ,an Sulaeman 7+3348

menemu*an /ah?a e*stra* ,aun *atu* mampu men(ham/at pertum/uhan /a*teri Staphylococcus aureus ,en(an luas ham/atan antara ++ mm = $+ mm. Selain itu 9u(a mampu men(ham/at pertum/uhan Salmonella typhosa ,en(an luas ham/atan antara 4 mm = $; mm. Aleh se/a/ itu, e*stra* ,aun *atu* /erpotensi se/a(ai pen((anti anti/ioti*a yan( /iasanya ter*an,un( ,alam feed additive *omersial. Daun *atu* 9u(a *aya a*an senya?a mineral seperti *alsium, *alium, 0os0or ,an /esi 7Aei, +3&48 ,an *aya a*an )itamin D, )itamin
2

,an )itamin

. Mineral ,an )itamin terse/ut san(at /erperan elum ter,apat

,alam penin(*atan mutu ,a(in(. Se/a(ai contoh mineral *alium = i,sampin( asam (lutamat ,an IMP = merupa*an senya?a a*ti0 untu* rasa ,a(in( ayam. penelitian men(enai *omposisi mineral mi*ro yan( ter*an,un( ,alam e*stra* ,aun *atu*. Aleh se/a/ itu, perlu ,iteliti *omposisi mineral mi*ro ,an )itamin ,ari e*stra*

+;

,aun *atu* ,an *emun(*inannya se/a(ai pen((anti feed additive *omersial. Feed additive *omersial /iasanya men(an,un( anti/a*teri, senya?a mineral mi*ro ,an )itamin. er,asar*an uraian ,i atas, ma*a e*stra* ,aun *atu* yan( ,ie*stra*si ,en(an air /ersuhu ,i /a?ah 3%oB ,i,u(a mampu men((anti*an feed additive *omersial ,en(an /e/erapa *ele/ihan yaitu penim/unan lema* yan( le/ih ren,ah, mutu ,a(in( yan( le/ih /ai* ,an e0isiensi pro,u*si yan( le/ih tin((i. 'asil perhitun(an menun9u**an /ah?a /iaya pem/uatan e*stra* ,aun *atu* pa,a s*ala rumah tan((a se/esar Rp +;.%%%,.6*(, se,an(*an har(a feed additive *omersial a,alah Rp 1%.%%%,.6*(. #i*a ,ihitun(, setiap e*or ayam /roiler mem/utuh*an +4,; ( feed additive. #i*a *ita men((una*an feed additive *omersial ,iperlu*an /iaya se/esar Rp ;$;,., tetapi 9i*a men((una*an e*stra* *atu* ,iperlu*an /iaya hanya Rp $2$,; per e*ornya. #i*a ,alam in,ustri /roiler s*ala menen(ah yan( men(eluar*an /roiler se/anya* $%.%%% e*or setiap /ulannya, ma*a a*an ,ihemat /iaya se/esar Rp ;.$;%.%%%,.6/ulan. Keuntun(an lain pen((unaan e*stra* ,aun *atu* a,alah har(a ,a(in( atau telur yan( ,ihasil*an mempunyai har(a le/ih tin((i antara 1%.2%F ,ari har(a ,a(in( ,an telur yan( diberi feed additive *omersial serta mempunyai mutu internasional. 'asil pen(amatan ,i pasar menun9u**an /ah?a telur /e/as Salmonella sp sa9a ,i9ual ,en(an har(a Rp +.%%%,.6/utir, sementara telur /iasa hanya Rp 2%%,. . Rp 4%%,.. #i*a, ,ihitun( *enai**an har(a telur :%F sa9a, ma*a ter,apat *enai**an har(a telur ,ari Rp 2%%,. men9a,i Rp &:%,. #i*a ,alam satu peterna*an ayam petelur ,en(an 9umlah ayam petelur se/anya* +%.%%% e*or ,en(an tin(*at pro,u*si &%F, ma*a a*an ,iperoleh tam/ahan *euntun(an se/esar Rp +.3$%.%%%,. per hari. Dalam satu /ulan a*an ,iperoleh tam/ahan *euntun(an se/esar Rp ;4.2%%.%%%,. Pa,ahal, pro,u* ,ari penelitian ini /u*an sa9a men(hasil*an ,a(in( ,an telur yan( /e/as Salmonella sp., tetapi 9u(a /e/as Escherichia coli, ren,ah *olesterol, *aya .*arotin, *aya asam (lutamat, asam aspartat, ar(inin, ,an /e/as resi,u senya?a sinteti* G anti/ioti* serta tin((i *eleEatan tetapi ren,ah /au amisnya. er,asar*an analisis ,an sintesis telaah pusta*a, ma*a ,iasumsi*an /ah?a e*stra* ,aun *atu* mampu men((anti*an 0un(si feed additive *omersial. Selain itu, pen((unaan e*stra* ,aun *atu* ,i,u(a a*an mampu men(hasil*an ,a(in( ,an telur sesuai ,en(an tuntutan *onsumen.

+2

BAB III. METODE PENELITIAN Penelitian Tahun +. Penelitian ini a*an ,ila*u*an ,i la/oratorium Peterna*an ,an A(ronomi, 5a*ultas Pertanian, UNI untu* analisis sampel. Penelitian ,irencana*an melalui : tahap yaitu- +8. tahap pem/uatan e*stra* ,aun *atu*C $8. tahap persiapan *an,an( ,an pemeliharaan /roilerC 18. Analisis la/oratorium ,anC :8 Analisis ,ata. !ahap ". E#stra#si daun #atu# Meto,e +. Daun *atu* se(ar ,itam/ah air /ersuhu ;oB ,en(an per/an,in(an +-;. Dia,u* ,an ,i/iar*an selama $% menit, ,an ,i/len,er sampai men9a,i 9us. #us yan( ,iperoleh *emu,ian ,isarin(. 5iltrat yan( ,iperoleh ,i*erin(*an pa,a suhu ;%oB selama 12 9am. Meto,e $. Daun *atu* ,i*erin(.an(in*an sampai *erin(. Setelah *erin( ,aun *atu* ,itum/u* men9a,i tepun(. Tepun( yan( ,iperoleh *emu,ian ,ire/us pa,a suhu 1% oB selama $% menit ,imana per/an,in(an ,aun *atu* ,en(an air a,alah +-;. Setelah itu, hasil re/usan ,i/len,er ,an ,isarin(. E*stra*si ,ila*u*an ,ua *ali. 'asil sarin(an *emu,ian ,i*erin(*an pa,a suhu ;%oB selama 12 9am. Meto,e 1 ,an :. Meto,e 1 ,an : sama ,en(an meto,e + hanya per/e,aannya pa,a suhu pere/usan yaitu masin(.masin( 2%oB untu* meto,e 1 ,an 3%oB untu* meto,e :. 'asil e*stra* yan( ,iperoleh ,ie)aluasi ?arna ,an /aunya. !ahap $. Pemeliharaan broiler Penelitian ini men((una*an /roiler umur $% hari 7perio,e 0inisher8. Ransum yan( ,i(una*an men(an,un( protein *asar +3F ,an ME 1$%% **al6*(. 7NRB, +33:8 tanpa suplementasi anti/ioti*a. Pa,a umur $% hari +;% e*or /roiler ,i*elompo**an *e ,alam ; *elompo* perla*uan yaitu se/a(ai /eri*ut+. Kontrol yaitu /roiler yan( ,i/eri pa*an yan( men(an,un( feed additive *omersial se/esar ; (6*( pa*an.

+4

$.

roiler ,i/eri pa*an men(an,un( $,; ( feed additve *omersial 6*( pa*an plus $,; ( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra* pa,a suhu 3%oB6*( pa*an.

1. roiler ,i/eri pa*an men(an,un( ; ( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra* pa,a suhu ;oB6*( pa*an. :. ;. 2. roiler ,i/eri pa*an men(an,un( 1%oB.6*( pa*an. roiler ,i/eri pa*an men(an,un( ; ( 2%oB6*( pa*an. roiler ,i/eri pa*an men(an,un( ; ( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra* pa,a suhu 3%oB.6*( pa*an. Setiap perla*uan ter,iri ,ari 1 /uah *an,an( yan( /erisi +% e*or /roiler. Susunan pa*an tercantum pa,a Ta/el +. roiler ,ipelihara ,alam *an,an( litter sampai ,en(an Ta/el +. Susunan ransum pa,a penelitian + 7F8 ahan Ransum #a(un( *unin( Minya* *elapa un(*il *e,elai Tepun( i*an Kalsium *ar/onat Mineral miHuture !aram ,apur Feed additi,e '($e#sial .t(" $i73 E'st#a' 'atu' Komposisi *imia Protein 7F8 % $%,% 5&89 $%,% 6&8 $%,% 6&8 $%,% 1$%% 6&8 $%,% 1$%% 6&8 Kontrol ;;,2 2,;1 $3,2 :,4 +,1$ +,1; %,: 6&8 ;;,2 2,;1 $3,2 :,4 +,1$ +,1; %,: 5&8 E*stra* Air.; oB ;;,2 2,;1 $3,2 :,4 +,1$ +,1; %,: % E*stra* Air.1%oB ;;,2 2,;1 $3,2 :,4 +,1$ +,1; %,: % E*stra* Air.2%oB ;;,2 2,;1 $3,2 :,4 +,1$ +,1; %,: % Estra* Air.3%oB ;;,2 2,;1 $3,2 :,4 +,1$ +,1; %,: % e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra* pa,a suhu ; ( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra* pa,a suhu

ME 7**al6*(8 1$%% 1$%% 1$%% o IE*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra* pa,a suhu 3% B.

+&

umur :$ hari. Pemeliharaan /roiler sesuai ,en(an stan,ar pemeliharaan yan( /erla*u. #umlah ransum yan( ,i*onsumsi, *on)ersi pa*an ,an pertam/ahan /erat /a,an ,iu*ur setiap min((u. A/normalitas *a*i 9u(a ,iamati ,an ,inilai ,ari nilai + 7normal8 sampai nilai ; 7san(at a/normal, ayam ti,a* ,apat /er9alan8. !ahap %. Pengambilan sampel dan analisis laboratorium Pa,a a*hir penelitian, : e*or /roiler untu* setiap *elompo* perla*uan ,isem/elih ,an /erat or(an ,alam 7hati, 9antun(, usus, lim0a, rempelo ,an pancreas8, lema* perut, lema* leher, ,a(in( ,an /a(iannya ,itim/an(. Untu* men(u*ur *e9a,ian fatty liver syndrome, ma*a ?arna hati ,i/an,in(*an ,en(an ?arna stan,ar ,ari nilai + 7normal8 sampai ,en(an ; 7fatty liver syndrome yan( /erat8. Da(in( paha untu* masin(.masin( perla*uan ,i*ole*si untu* analisis *a,ar *olesterol, tri(liseri,a, *omposisi asam lema*, ,an protein. 0. Analisis '(leste#(l da*in* +. Tim/an( sample 7%,%+ = %,+ (8 *e ,alam ta/un(. Bentri0u(e *erin(, tam/ah*an +$ ml campuran alcohol.ether 71-+8 se,i*it ,emi se,i*it sam/il ,ia,u* ,en(an /atan( pen(a,u*, a,u* terus J + menit /atan( pen(a,u* ,ian(*at ,an /ilas ,en(an se,i*it campuran alcohol-ether 7larutan pen(e*stra*8. $. iar*an selama 1% menit. 1. Bentri0u(e ,en(an *ecepatan 1%%% rpm selama +% menit. :. De*antasi larutan 7supernatan8 *e ,alam /ea*er (lass *ecil yan( *erin( ,an uap*an ,iatas penan(as air sampai larutan pen(e*stra* ha/is. Resi,u a,alah *olesterol. ;. E*stra*si resi,u 7*olesterol8 *e ,alam ta/un( /ers*ala ,en(an *hloro0orm se,i*it ,emi se,i*it sampai mencapai ; ml 7tepat*an8. 2. Ke ,alam $ ta/un( (elas yan( lain masin(.masin( masu*an ; ml stan,ar, *olesterol ,an ; ml *hloro0orm 7untu* /lan*o8. 4. Kemu,ian *e ,alam 1 ta/un( terse/ut tam/ah*an $ ml asam asetat anhi,rat ,an %,+ ml asam sul0at pe*at. Koco* ,an /iar*an selama +; menit ,alam ruan( (elap.

+3

&.

aca a/sor/ansinya pa,a Spe*tro0otometer ,en(an pan9an( (elom/an( :$% nm, set % a/sor/ansi ,en(an /lan*o.

Perhitun(an . RU H %,: H +%% K LLL.F *olesterol RS m( sample RU K pem/acaan sample RS K pen/acaan stan,ar, %,: K *osentrasi *olesterol %,: m( 5 .Analisis t(tal li"id da*in* +. Tim/an( $ ( /ahan yan( telah ,ihalus*an. Untu* ,a(in( ,icampur ,en(an pasir yan( telah ,ipi9ar*an. Bampur ,an rata*an ,i atas *ertas sarin(, ,an *ertas sarin( ,ilipat. Masu**an *e ,alam ta/un( e*stra*si SoHhlet ,alam thim/le. $. Alir*an air pen,i,in(in. 1. Pasan( ta/un( e*stra*si pa,a alat ,istilasi SoHhlet ,en(an pelarut ,ietil.eter secu*upnya . Untu* ,a(in( e*stra*si cu*up +% 9am ,an untu* e*stra* ,aun *atu* selama +2 9am. :. Dietil eter yan( men(an,un( e*stra* lema* ,ipin,ah*an *e ,alam /otol tim/an( yan( /ersih ,an ,i*etahui /eratnya *emu,ian uap*an ,en(an penan(as air sampai a(a* pe*at. Terus*an pen(erin(an ,alam o)en +%%oB sampai /erat *onstan. ;. erat resi,u ,alam /otol tim/an( ,inyata*an se/a(ai /erat lema*.

:. Analisis '($"(sisi asa$ le$a' +. Tim/an( *ira.*ira + ( ,a(in(. Kemu,ian larut*an *e ,alam pelarut yan( ter,iri ,ari +4,; ml ,ietileter, +4,; petroleum eter ,an 2,; ml etanol 3;F. Pin,ah*an seluruhnya *e ,alam coron( pemisah. $. Tam/ah*an +$,; ml larutan +F Na$BA1 *e ,alam coron( pemisah yan( /erisi sampel ,an (o9o( sampai merata. Kemu,ian ,iam*an sampai ,ua cairan memisah. 1. Pisah*an cairan /a(ian /a?ah 7air8 ,an *umpul*an.

$%

:.

a(ian eter yan( tertin((al ,icuci la(i ,en(an +,; ml etanol 3;F ,an 4,; ml larutan +F Na$BA1. !o9o( ,an ,iam*an. Pisah*an /a(ian /a?ah 7air8 ,an (a/un(*an la(i ,en(an /a(ian air yan( ter*umpul.

;.

a(ian eter yan( tertin((al ,icuci la(i ,en(an 2,; ml air. !o9o( ,an ,iam*an. Pisah*an /a(ian /a?ah 7air8 ,an (a/un(*an ,en(an /a(ian air yan( telah ter*umpul.

2. !aram asam lema* yan( ter*umpul ,alam /a(ian air ,i/e/as*an ,en(an +,; ml larutan +%F '$SA:. !o9on( sampai merata ,alam coron( pemisah sampai merata ,an *emu,ian tam/ah*an +$,; ml campuran ,ietileter- petroleum eter K +-+. !o9o(lah ,an ,iam*an sampai *e,ua cairan terpisah. 4. Pisah*an /a(ian eter 7atas8 ,an *umpul*an. Sisa /a(ian air yan( tertin((al, ,icuci la(i ,en(an campuran pelarut sampai ti(a *ali ,an *umpul*an cairan eter yan( ,iperoleh. &. Tam/ah*an + ( Na$SA: pa,a *umpulan cairan eter untu* men(i*at air yan( teri*ut. 3. Sarin( cairan eter melalui *ertas sarin(, cuci ,en(an campuran eter untu* mencuci asam lema* yan( menempel pa,a ?a,ah ,an *ertas sarin(. +%. Kerin(*an 0iltrat yan( ,iperoleh. ++. Tam/ah*an $ ml larutan ,iaEometan *e ,alam 0iltrat ,alam ta/un( rea*si u*uran /esar. Untu* mempercepat rea*si, tam/ah*an /e/erapa ml larutan methanol +%F ,alam ,ietil eter. Apa/ila cu*up ,iaEometan ma*a ?arna *unin( ti,a* hilan( setelah (elem/un( u,ara yan( ter9a,i ?a*tu a,a rea*si /erhenti. +$. Setelah (elem/un( u,ara /erhenti ter/entu*, *erin(*an ,iaEometan yan( /erle/ihan ,an pelarut eternya ,en(an meniup*an (as N$. +1. Tam/ah*an pelarut ,ietil eter ,alam )olume yan( ,i*etahui secu*upnya, sehin((a men,apat*an larutan ester asam lema* ,en(an *onsentrasi tertentu. +:. e/erapa l ,isunti**an *e ,alam alat !as "iMui, Bhromato(raphy. ;. Analisis asa$ a$in( da*in* Asam amino ,itentu*an setelah hi,rolisis sample ,alam + ml 2 mol6l distilled hydrochloric acid yan( men(an,un( %,+F 0enol ,alam ta/un( (elas ,alam *on,isi hampa selama $: 9am pa,a suhu ++%oB. Asam amino *emu,ian ,iu*ur ,en(an 'P"B

$+

yan( ,i*ali/rasi ,en(an campuran asam amino yan( ,i*etahui *onsentrasinya menurut meto,e Morel et al. 7$%%18. Kolesterol *unin( telur ,ianalisis ,en(an mo,i0i*asi "ie/ermann. urcha, se/a(ai /eri*ut. Sampel *unin( telur ,itim/an( 7%,%+.%,+ (8 ,an ,imasu**an *e ,alam ta/un( yan( ,itam/ah*an +$ ml alcohol.eter 71-+8 se,i*it ,emi se,i*it sam/il ,ia,u* selama +.$ menit. Kemu,ian ,i/iar*an selama 1% menit. Setelah itu ,ipusin(*an pa,a 1%%% rpm selama +% menit. De*antasi larutan 7supernatan8 *e ,alam ta/un( /ers*ala ,en(an memasu**an *loro0orm sampai mencapai ; ml. Ke ,alam $ ta/un( (elas yan( lain masin(.masin( masu**an ; ml stan,ar *olesterol ,an ; ml *loro0orm 7untu* /lan*o8. Kemu,ian *e ,alam 1 ta/un( terse/ut tam/ah*an $ ml asam asetat anhi,rat ,an %,+ ml asam sul0at pe*at. Koco* ,an /iar*an selama +; menit, ,iu*ur a/sor/sinya pa,a spectrophotometer ,en(an pan9an( (elom/an( :$% nm. Untu* u9i mutu ,a(in(, ma*a a*an ,iu9i meat./one ratio, coo*in( loss, spot.spot pa,a ,a,a ,an paha, /erat *ar*as, ?arna *ar*as ,an u9i or(anolepti*. Untu* u9i or(anoleptei*, sepuluh panelis sensori terlatih a*an ,iminta untu* mem/an,in(*an palata/ilitas relati0 ,ari rasa, termasu* /au, ?arna ,a(in(. U9i *ualitas ,a(in( ,iu*ur pa,a a*hir penelitian. U9i ?arna *ar*as ,ila*u*an ,en(an cara mem/an,in(*an ?arna *ar*as ,en(an men((una*an yol* colour scale. Panelis 9u(a ,iminta menilai /au ,an ?arna ,a(in( ,a,a ,ari nilai + sampai ,en(an ;. <arna ,a(in( ,inilai ,en(an mem/an,in(*an ?arna ,a(in( ,a,a ,en(an ?arna stan,ar ID.D"A re0erence scale ,ari +.;. Spot.spot pa,a ,a(in( ,a,a ,an paha 9u(a ,inilai /er,asar*an stan,ar ID.D"A re0erence scale ,ari nilai + 7normal8 sampai ,en(an nilai ; 7cu*up /anya* spot8. au ,a(in( ,inilai /er,asar*an nilai + 7san(at amis8, nilai $ 7amis8, nilai 1 7a(a* amis8, nilai : 7*uran( amis8 ,an nilai ; 7ti,a* amis8. Khusus untu* u9i rasa, panelis se/elumnya ,ilatih ,en(an cara mencicipi *al,u ,a(in( ayam /a(ian ,a,a yan( ,iperoleh ,en(an cara mere/us ,a(in( terse/ut pa,a /er/a(ai *onsentrasi. Nilai + 7rasa ti,a* ena*8 ,iperoleh ,en(an mem/uat *al,u ,ari + ( ,a(in( yan( ,ire/us ,alam ;% ml airC nilai $ 7rasa *uran( ena*8 pa,a per/an,in(an : ( ,a(in(6;% ml airC nilai 1 7rasa cu*up ena*8 pa,a per/an,in(an 4 ( ,a(in(6;% ml airC nilai : 7rasa ena*8 pa,a per/an,in(an +% ( ,a(in(6;% ml airC ,an nilai ; 7san(at ena*8 pa,a per/an,in(an +1 ( ,a(in(6;% ml air. Setelah panelis ,apat mem/e,a*an rasa ,a(in( seperti yan( ,iharap*an, ma*a mere*a *emu,ian ,iminta

$$

untu* mencicipi ,an menilai rasa ,a(in( ,ari ti,a* ena* 7nilai +8 sampai ,en(an san(at ena* 7nilai ;8. Untu* u9i rasa, ,a(in( ,i*u*us pa,a suhu &% oB selama $% menit, ,i,in(in*an ,an ,iu9i rasa. &oo#ing loss ,iperoleh ,en(an cara men(u*us ,a(in( /a(ian ,a,a pa,a suhu &%oB selama $% menit ,an *emu,ian ,i,in(in*an selama 1% menit. Bairan yan( ter9a,i ,i permu*aan ,a(in( setelah pen(u*usan ,i*erin(*an ,en(an *ertas hisap. &oo#ing loss ,ihitun( ,en(an rumus se/a(ai /eri*ut&oo#ing loss K erat se/elum = setelah ,i*u*us H +%%F erat ,a(in( se/elum ,i*u*us Untu* men(etahui pen(aruh ne(ati0 ,ari ,aun *atu* yan( ,i/eri*an, ma*a or(an ,alam 7hati, (in9al, spleen, 9antun( ,an paru.paru8 ,iperi*sa secara ma*ros*opis. Pemeri*saan secara ma*ros*opis ,ila*u*an ,en(an cara memeri*sa *ea/normalitasan yan( ,apat ,ilihat ,en(an mata seperti ?arna, /entu*, /erat, a,a ti,a*nya spot. Autput yan( ,iharap*an a,alah ,iperolehnya e*stra* ,aun *atu* ter/ai* untu* mempro,u*si modified meat yan( e0isien. Selain itu ,iharap*an men(hasil*an pu/li*asi ilmiah tin(*at internasional ,an 1 s*ripsi mahasis?a. A,apun *eempat s*ripsi terse/ut /er9u,ul se/a(ai /eri*ut+. Pen(aruh pen((unaan e*stra* air ,ari ,aun *atu* se/a(ai pen((anti 0ee, a,,iti)e *omersial terha,ap per0ormans ayam /roiler. $. Pen(aruh pen((unaan e*stra* air ,ari ,aun *atu* se/a(ai pen((anti 0ee, a,,iti)e *omersial terha,ap mutu ,a(in( /roiler. 1. Pen(aruh pen((unaan e*stra* air ,ari ,aun *atu* se/a(ai pen((anti 0ee, a,,iti)e *omersial terha,ap penim/unan lema* pa,a /roiler. !ahap '. Analisis data 'asil penelitian a*an ,ianalisis ANAVA ,an 9i*a /er/e,a nyata a*an ,iu9i lan9ut ,en(an DuncanDs Multiple Ran(e Test. Untu* menentu*an meto,e yan( palin( e0e*ti0 /er,asar*an )aria/el.)aria/el yan( ,iu*ur, ma*a a*an ,ila*u*an u9i *ecoco*an relati0 untu* )aria/el.)aria/el yan( /er/e,a nyata.

$1

Penelitian Tahun $ Penelitian ini ,ila*u*an ,i la/oratorium Peterna*an ,an A(ronomi, 5a*ultas Pertanian, UNI untu* analisis sampel. Penelitian ,irencana*an melalui : tahap yaitu- +8. tahap pem/uatan e*stra* ,aun *atu*C $8. tahap persiapan *an,an( ,an pemeliharaan ayam petelurC 18. Analisis la/oratorium ,anC :8 Analisis ,ata. !ahap ". E#stra#si daun #atu# E*stra*si ,aun *atu* ,ila*u*an ,en(an men((una*an meto,e yan( sama pa,a tahun pertama. !ahap $. Pemeliharaan ayam petelur Penelitian ini men((una*an ayam petelur tahap suplementasi anti/ioti*a. Empat puluh ,elapan e*or ayam petelur ,i*elompo**an *e ,alam 2 *elompo* perla*uan yaitu se/a(ai /eri*ut+. Kontrol yaitu ayam petelur yan( yan( ,i/eri pa*an plus ; ( feed additive *omersial6 6*( pa*an $. Ayam petelur ,i/eri pa*an men(an,un( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra*si pa,a suhu ;oB se/esar ; (6*( pa*an. 1. Ayam petelur ,i/eri*an pa*an men(an,un( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra* pa,a suhu 3%oB se/anya* $,; (6*( pa*an plus $,; ( feed additive *omersial6*( pa*an. :. Ayam petelur yan( ,i/eri pa*an men(an,un( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra* pa,a suhu 1%oB se/esar ; (6*( pa*an. ;. Ayam petelur yan( ,i/eri pa*an men(an,un( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra*si pa,a suhu 2%oB se/esar ; (6*( pa*an. 2. Ayam petelur yan( ,i/eri pa*an men(an,un( e*stra* *atu* yan( ,ie*stra* pa,a suhu 3%oB se/esar ;( 6*( pa*an. Setiap perla*uan ter,iri ,ari & /uah *an,an( yan( /erisi + e*or ayam petelur 7in,i)i,ual ca(e8. Susunan pa*an tercantum pa,a Ta/el +. Ayam petelur ,i/eri pa*an perco/aan pro,u*si. Ransum yan( ,i(una*an men(an,un( protein *asar +2,;F ,an ME $&%% **al6*(. 7NRB, +33:8 tanpa

$:

selama 1% hari. Ransum ,i/eri*an se/anya* +%% (6hari6e*or. #umlah ransum yan( ,i*onsumsi, *on)ersi pa*an ,an pro,u*si telur ,iu*ur setiap min((u. Ta/el +. Susunan Ransum Perco/aan 7(6*(8 ahan pa*an #a(un( *unin( un(*il *e,elai De,a* Tepun( i*an Minya* Kalsium *ar/onat EDK ;oB EDK 1%oB EDK 2%oB EDK 3%oB Mineral miH 5ee, a,,iti)e *omerisialm 7top miH8 #umlah Komposisi !ahap %. Pengambilan sampel dan analisis laboratorium Se/anya* ; /utir telur pa,a setiap *elompo* ,i*ole*si, ,an *emu,ian ,ianalisis *a,ar protein, asam amino, mineral 7*alsium, 0os0or, *alium ,an /esi8, *olesterol ,an . *arotin pa,a *unin( telur. Asam amino ,itentu*an setelah hi,rolisis sample ,alam + ml 2 mol6l distilled hydrochloric acid yan( men(an,un( %,+F 0enol ,alam ta/un( (elas ,alam *on,isi hampa selama $: 9am pa,a suhu ++%oB. Asam amino *emu,ian ,iu*ur ,en(an 'P"B yan( ,i*ali/rasi ,en(an campuran asam amino yan( ,i*etahui *onsentrasinya menurut meto,e Morel et al. 7$%%18. Kolesterol *unin( telur ,ianalisis ,en(an mo,i0i*asi "ie/ermann. urcha, se/a(ai /eri*ut. Sampel *unin( telur ,itim/an( 7%,%+.%,+ (8 ,an $; +.%%% +.%%% +.%%% +.%%% +.%%% +.%%% P% ;+% +:% $%% 4% +% 1; % % % % 1% ; $,; P+ ;+% +:% $%% 4% +% 1; % % % $,; P$ ;+% +:% $%% 4% +% 1; ; % % % 1% % P1 ;+% +:% $%% 4% +% 1; % ; % % 1% % P: ;+% +:% $%% 4% +% 1; % % ; % 1% % P; ;+% +:% $%% 4% +% 1; % % % ; 1% %

,imasu**an *e ,alam ta/un( yan( ,itam/ah*an +$ ml alcohol.eter 71-+8 se,i*it ,emi se,i*it sam/il ,ia,u* selama +.$ menit. Kemu,ian ,i/iar*an selama 1% menit. Setelah itu ,ipusin(*an pa,a 1%%% rpm selama +% menit. De*antasi larutan 7supernatan8 *e ,alam ta/un( /ers*ala ,en(an memasu**an *loro0orm sampai mencapai ; ml. Ke ,alam $ ta/un( (elas yan( lain masin(.masin( masu**an ; ml stan,ar *olesterol ,an ; ml *loro0orm 7untu* /lan*o8. Kemu,ian *e ,alam 1 ta/un( terse/ut tam/ah*an $ ml asam asetat anhi,rat ,an %,+ ml asam sul0at pe*at. Koco* ,an /iar*an selama +; menit, ,iu*ur a/sor/sinya pa,a spectrophotometer ,en(an pan9an( (elom/an( :$% nm. Ka,ar . *arotin ,alam telur ,ianalisis ,en(an meto,e yan( ,i9elas*an oleh Su/e*ti 7$%%18. Untu* u9i mutu telur, ma*a a*an ,iu9i /erat telur, te/al *era/an(, speci0ic (ra)ity, 'au(ht Unit, tin((i ron((a u,ara, ?arna yol* ,an u9i or(anolepti*. Untu* u9i or(anoleptei*, sepuluh panelis sensori terlatih a*an ,iminta untu* mem/an,in(*an palata/ilitas relati0 ,ari rasa ,an /au amis. U9i *ualitas telur ,iu*ur setiap $ min((u. U9i ?arna yol* ,ila*u*an ,en(an cara mem/an,in(*an ?arna yol* ,en(an men((una*an yol* colour scale. Panelis 9u(a ,iminta menilai /au amis ,an rasa ,ari nilai + sampai ,en(an ;. au telur ,inilai /er,asar*an nilai + 7san(at amis8, nilai $ 7amis8, nilai 1 7a(a* amis8, nilai : 7*uran( amis8 ,an nilai ; 7ti,a* amis8. Untu* u9i rasa, panelis ,iminta untu* mencicipi ,an menilai rasa telur ,ari ti,a* ena* 7nilai +8 sampai ,en(an san(at ena* 7nilai ;8. Untu* u9i rasa, telur ,ire/us pa,a suhu &% oB selama $% menit, ,i,in(in*an ,an ,iu9i rasa. Autput yan( ,iharap*an a,alah ,iperolehnya le)el e*stra* ,aun *atu* ter/ai* untu* mempro,u*si egg designer yan( e0isien. Selain itu ,iharap*an men(hasil*an pu/li*asi ilmiah tin(*at internasional ,an 1 s*ripsi mahasis?a. !ahap '. Analisis data 'asil penelitian a*an ,ianalisis ANAVA ,an 9i*a /er/e,a nyata a*an ,iu9i lan9ut ,en(an DuncanDs Multiple Ran(e Test.

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IV. PEMBIAYAAN #ENIS PEN!E"UARAN Pela*sana 7!a9i ,an upah8 Peralatan ahan Aus 7material penelitian8 Per9alanan Pertemuan6seminar "aporan ,an pu/li*asi "ain.lain Total An((aran DAFTAR PUSTAKA A(ustal, A., M. 'arapini ,an Bhairul. +334. Analisis *an,un(an *imia e*stra* ,aun *atu* 7Sauropus an,ro(ynus 7"8 Merr ,en(an !BMS. <arta Tum/uhan A/at In,onesia 1 718- 1+.11. A A A B. +3&%. A00icial metho,s o0 analysis. ++ e,. Association o0 A00icial Analytical Bhemist, <ashinton(, D. B. Anonimus. +33;. Khasiat *atu* se/a(ai tanamaan o/at. Tru/us No 1%4. #a*arta. arton, M. D. ,an <. S. 'art. $%%+. Pu/lic health ris*s- Anti/iotic resistance. A re)ie?. Asian.Aust. #. Anim. Sci. +:- :+:.:$$. Bao, #., K. "i, N. "u an, >. Ohao. $%%:. E00ects o0 0lor0enical an, chromium 7III8 on humoral immune response in chic*s. Asian.Aust. #. Anim. Sci. +4- 122.14%. Bhapman, '. an, E. Saleh. +333. E00ect o0 ,i00erent concentration o0 monensisn an, monensin ?ith,ra?al upon the control o0 cocci,iosis in the tur*ey. Poultyry Sci. 4&- ;%.;2. Bhan(, >. "., >. T. >ao, N. S. <an( an, >. B. "ee. +33&. Se(mental necrosis o0 small /ronchi a0ter prolon( inta*es o0 Sauropus an,ro(ynus in Tai?an. Am. #. Respir. Brit. Bare Me,., +;4- ;3:.;3&. Bhen, >. #., K. S. Son, . #. Min, #. '. Bho, A. S. K?on ,an I. '. Kim. E00ects o0 ,ietary pro/iotic on (ro?th per0ormance, nutrients ,i(esti/ility, /loo, characteristics AN!!ARAN TA'UN + $.&%%.%%% % $2.%2%.%%% 1.:%%.%%% &%%.%%% $.1%%.%%% 2%%.%%% 1;.32%.%%% AN!!ARAN TA'UN $ $.&%%.%%% % 1%.4+$.%%% 1.:%%.%%% &%%.%%% $.1%%.%%% 2%%.%%% :%.2+$.%%%

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an, 0ecal noHious (as content in (ro?in( pi(s. Asian.Aust. #. Anim. Sci. +&-+:2:.+:2&. Bhian(, S. '. an, <. M. 'sieh. +33;. E00ect o0 ,irect.0e, microor(anisms on /roiler (ro?th per0ormance an, liter ammonia le)el. AsianPAus. #. Anim. Sci. &-+;3. +2$. Bollins, B. '., P. M. "yne an, #. M. !ran(e. +3&3. Micro/iolo(ical Metho,s. 2 th e,. utter?orths, AH0or,. Bon)ay, D. P., A. D. Dayton an, M. E. KcKenEie. +333. Bomparati)e testin( o0 anticocci,ials in /roiler chic*ens. The role o0 cocci,ial lesion score. Poultry Sci. 4&- ;$3.;1;. Bra?0or,, M. A., <. Doyle, P. Drury, K. Bhe/remes*el an, !. <illiams. +3&&. The 0oo, chain 0or n.2 an, n.1 0atty aci,s ?ith special re0ernce to animal pro,uction. InDietary ome(a 1 an, ome(a 2 0atty aci,s, /iolo(ical e00ects an, nutritional essentiallly. !all B. an, A. P. Simopoulos e,s. Plenum Press, Ne? >or* an, "on,on. Dil?orth, . B. an, E. #. Day. +34&. "acto/acillus culture in /roiler ,iets. Poultry Sci. o)en*amp, Muhilal ,an B. E. <est. +334. ;4- ++%+ 7A/str8. 'ulsho0, P. #. M., B. Nu, P. )an ,e Application o0 a )ali,ate, metho, 0or the ,etermination o0 pro)itamin A carotenoi,s in In,onesia 0oo,s o0 ,i00erent maturity an, ori(in. #. A(ric. 5oor Bhem. :;- ++4:.++43. Imi*, '., A. 'ayirli, ". Tur(ut, E. "acin, S. Bele/i, 5. Koc ,an ". >il,iE. $%%2. E00ects o0 a,,iti)e on layin( per0ormance, meta/oloic pro0ile, an, e(( Muality o0 hens 0e, a hi(h le)el sor(hum 7Sorghum vulgare8 ,urin( the pea* layain( perio,. Asian. Aust. #. Anim. Sci. +3- ;41.;&+. Ipe*, A., A. Ban/olat ,an A. Kara/ulut. $%%4. The e00ect o0 )itamin E an, )itamin B on the per0ormance o0 9apanese Muails 7&oturni( coturni( )aponica8 reare, un,er heat stress ,urin( (ro?th an, e(( pro,uction perio,. Asian.Aust. #. Anim. Sci. $%-$;$.$;2. Israelsen, M., M. Virso, an, I. D. 'ore. +332. Re,ucin( Salmonella e00iciency- EHpan,er plus pellet press. 5ee, Int. +4- 1+.1:.

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#ones, !. P. D. an, D. #. 5arrell. +33$. Early li0e 0oo, restriction o0 /roiler chic*ens. II. E00ect o0 0oo, restriction on the ,e)elopment o0 0at tissue. ri. Poultry Sci. 11;&3.2%+. Kha*se0i,i, A ,an Sh. Rahimi. $%%;. E00ect o0 pro/iotic inclusion in the ,iet o0 /roiler chic*ens on per0ormance, 0ee, e00iciency an, carcass Muality. Asian.Aust. #. Anim. Sci. +&-++;1.++;2. Kyria*is, S. B., I. !eor(oula*is, A. Spais, B. AleHopoulos, B. B. Miliotis ,an S. K. Kritas. $%%1. E)aluation o0 toyocerin, a pro/iotic containin( Asian.Aust. #. Anim. Sci. +2- +1$2.+11+. "ai, R. S., A. A. Bhian(, M. T. <u, #. S. <an(, N. S. "ai, #. >. "u an, ". P. !er. +332. Aut/rea* o0 /ronchiolitis o/literans associate, ?ith consumption o0 Sauropus an,ro(ynus in Tai?an. "ancet, 1:&- &1.&;. Mason, V. B. an, A. #ust. +342. acterial acti)ity in the hin, (ut o0 pi(s. I. Its in0luence on the apparent ,i(esti/ility o0 ,ietary ener(y an, 0at. Oaitschri0t 0ur Tierphysiolo(ie, Tierernahrun( un, 5uttermittel*un,e 12- 1%+.1+%. Me,ion. $%%4. Top 5ee, Supplement 0or Top Pro0it. Me,ion, an,un(. NishiEa?a, N. an, >. 5u,amoto. +33;. The ele)ation o0 plasma concentration o0 hi(h. ,ensity lipoprotein cholesterol in mice 0e, ?ith protein 0rom Proso millet. iosci. iotech. iochem. ;3- 111.11;. Rahayu, I. D. +333. Sor(um, alternati0 pen((anti 9a(un( ,alam ransum /roiler. Poultry In,onesia $$3- 1:.1&. Ris0aheri, S., >uliani ,an An((raeni. +334. Stu,i pem/uatan simplisia ,an e*stra* *erin( ,aun *atu*. <arta Tum/uhan A/at In,onesia 1 718- 1%.1+. Ro/inson, 5. E., '. ". Blasseen, #. A. 'au0an an, D. K. An,er*a. +33$. !ro?th per0ormance, 0ee, e00iciency an, the inci,ence o0 s*eletal an, meta/olic ,isease in 0ull.0e, an, 0ee,.restricte, an, roaster chic*ens. #. Appl. Poultry Res. +- 11. :+. Santoso, U. $%%+a. E00ect o0 Sauropus androgynus EHtract on the Barcass Quality o0 roiler Bhic*s. uletin Ilmu Peterna*an ,an Peri*anan 4- $$.$&. acillus toyoi spores, on health status an, pro,ucti)ity o0 ?eane,, (ro?in( an, 0inishin( pi(s.

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Santoso, U. $%%+/. E00ect o0 Sauropus androgynus EHtract on the Per0ormance o0 roiler. uletin Ilmu Peterna*an ,an Peri*anan 4- +;.$+. Santoso, U. $%%+c. E00ect o0 Sauropus androgynus EHtract on Ar(an <ei(ht, ToHicity an, Num/er o0 Salmonella sp an, Escherichia coli o0 Ilmu Peterna*an ,an Peri*anan, 4 7$8- +2$.+23. Santoso, U. an, Sartini. $%%+. Re,uction o0 0at accumulation in /roiler chic*ens /y Sauropus androgynus 7Katu*8 lea0 meal supplementation. Asian.Aust. #. Anim. Sci. +:- 1:2.1;%. Santoso, U., #. Setianto ,an T. Sute*y. $%%$. Pen((unaan E*stra* Daun Katu* untu* Menin(*at*an E0isiensi Pro,u*si ,an Kualitas Telur yan( Ramah "in(*un(an pa,a Ayam Petelur. "aporan Penelitian 'i/ah ersain( Tahun +. #a*arta. Santoso, U., >. #. Setianto, T. Sute*y ,an >. 5enita. $%%1. Pen((unaan E*stra* Daun Katu* untu* Menin(*at*an E0isiensi Pro,u*si ,an Kualitas Telur yan( Ramah "in(*un(an pa,a Ayam Petelur. "aporan Penelitian 'i/ah #a*arta. Sinurat, A. P., T. Pur?a,aria, M. '. To(atorop, T. asari/u, I. A. K. intan(, S. Sitompul ,an #. Rosi,a. $%%$. Respon ayam pe,a(in( terha,ap penam/ahan /ioa*ti0 tanaman li,ah /uaya ,alam ransum- Pen(aruh /er/a(ai /entu* ,an ,osis /ioa*ti0 ,alam tanaman li,ah /uaya terha,ap per0ormans ayam pe,a(in(. #ITV 4- 23.4;. Su/e*ti, S. $%%1. Kualitas telur ,an *ar*as ayam lo*al yan( ,i/eri tepun( ,aun *atu* ,alam ransum. Pro(ram Pasca sar9ana IP . o(or. <illiams, D. #. an, R. 5uller. +34+. The in0luence o0 the intestinal micro0lora on nutrition. In- D. #. ell an, . M. E. 5reemon e,., Physiolo(y an, iochemistry o0 the Domestic 5o?l. Vol. +. Aca,emic Press. Ne? >or*. <inarno, 5. !. ,an M. Aman. +34:. 5isiolo(i "epas Panen. Dep. T'P 5atemeta, IP R o(or, hal. 33.+%%. <hyte, R. T. +331. Aerial pollutans an, the health o0 poultry 0armers. <or,lDs Poultry Sci. #. :3- +13.+;2. LAMPIRAN Pen<elasan Ta$ a%an ersain( Tahun $. roilers Meat. uletin

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I. Pe#ti$ an*an Al('asi Bia+a Tahun 1 +.+. An((aran untu* pela*sanaNo. + $ 1 :. Nama Urip Santoso, Ph.D Ir. Kususiyah, MP Suharyanto, S.Pt., MP Isnani Murti #umlah +.$. An((aran untu* *omponen peralatan No. NAMA A"AT KE!UNAAN DA"AM PENE"ITIAN 'AR!A SATUAN 7Rp8 'AR!A SE"URU'N>A 7Rp8 Alo*asi <a*tu & /ulan & /ulan & /ulan & /ulan +;%.%%% 4;.%%% 4;.%%% ;%.%%% +.$%%.%%% 2%%.%%% 2%%.%%% :%%.%%% $.&%%.%%% 'ar(a Satuan #umlah 7Rp8

+.1. An((aran untu* /ahan aus 7material penelitian8. NO + $ : ; 2 4. NAMA BA!AN KEGUNAAN DALAM PENELITIAN $ rim Kertas 'VS A,ministrasi, laporan + /o*s BD Simpan ,ata + /uah Tinta printer Print $%% e*or roiler A/9e* penelitian &%% *( ransum Pa*an perco/aan ahan untu* pem/uatan Tempat /roiler *an,an( !ARGA SATUAN .R" 1%.%%% +%%.%%% :%.%%% ;.%%% ;.%%% 2%%.%%% !ARGA SELURU!NY A .R"3 2%.%%% +%%.%%% :%.%%% +.%%%.%%% :.%%%.%%% 2%%.%%%

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+.1. An((aran untu* /ahan aus 7material penelitian8. NO & 3 +% ++ +$ +1 +: +; +2 +4 +& +3 $% $+ NAMA BA!AN ;% m plasti* KEGUNAAN DALAM PENELITIAN Penutup *an,an( Penelitian Desin0e*tan Va*sinasi Va*sinasi !ARGA SATUAN .R" ;.%%% ;.%%% $;.%%% +%%.%%% +%%.%%% !ARGA SELURU!NY A .R"3 $;%.%%% +.%%%.%%% ;%.%%% $%%.%%% $%%.%%% +%%.%%% +%%.%%% ;%.%%% +%.%%% 1.%%%.%%% 2.%%%.%%% 2%%.%%% +.$%%.%%% 4.;%%.%%% $2.%2%.%%%

$%% *( ,aun *atu* $ liter Ro,alon $ /otol Va*sin ND $ /otol Va*sin !um/oro Vitachic* A/at.o/atan lain Tempat men9emur #emur *atu* Kapas Analisis *olesterol ,a(in( 71% sampel8 Analisis asam lema* 71% sampel8 U9i or(anolepti* 71% sampel8 Analisis total lipi, ,a(in( 71% sampel8 Analisis asam amino ,a(in( 71% sampel8 #umlah

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+.;. Pen(eluaran lain.lainNA. + $ 1 : ; 2 #ENIS PEN!E"UARAN Analisis ,ata Penyusunan ,an per/anya*an laporan Seminar Pu/li*asi ahan pusta*a Do*umentasi #umlah IA>A SE"URU'N>A $%%.%%% &%%.%%% &%%.%%% +.;%%.%%% $%%.%%% $%%.%%% 1.4%%.%%%

#umlah total /iaya penelitian Rp 1;.32%.%%%,. 7Ti(a puluh lima 9uta sem/ilan ratus enam puluh ri/u rupiah8. Tahun 2 +.$. An((aran untu* pela*sanaNo. + $ 1 :. Nama Urip Santoso, Ph.D Ir. Kususiyah, MP Suharyanto, S.Pt., MP Isnani Murti #umlah +.$. An((aran untu* *omponen peralatan No. +. NAMA A"AT KE!UNAAN DA"AM PENE"ITIAN 'AR!A SATUAN 7Rp8 'AR!A SE"URU'N>A 7Rp8 Alo*asi <a*tu & /ulan & /ulan & /ulan & /ulan +;%.%%% 4;.%%% 4;.%%% ;%.%%% +.$%%.%%% 2%%.%%% 2%%.%%% :%%.%%% $.&%%.%%% 'ar(a Satuan #umlah 7Rp8

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+.1. An((aran untu* /ahan aus 7material penelitian8. NA + $ : ; 2 4. 3 +% ++ +$ +1 +: +; +2 +4 +& +3 $% $+ $$ NAMA A'AN KE!UNAAN DA"AM PENE"ITIAN $ rim Kertas 'VS A,ministrasi, laporan + /o*s BD Simpan ,ata + /uah Tinta printer Print ;% e*or ayam petelur A/9e* 7se?a8 penelitian 1%% *( ransum Pa*an perco/aan Se?a *an,an( Tempat petelur $%% *( ,aun *atu* Penelitian $ liter Ro,alon Desin0e*tan $ /otol Va*sin ND Va*sinasi $ /otol Va*sin !um/oro Va*sinasi Vitachic* A/at.o/atan lain Tempat men9emur #emur *atu* Kapas Analisis *olesterol ,a(in( 71% sampel8 Analisis *arotin 7$: sampel8 U9i or(anolepti* 71% sampel8 Analisis total lipi, ,a(in( 71% sampel8 Analisis )itamin A yol* 7$: sampel8 Analisis asam amino ,a(in( 71% sampel8 #umlah 'AR!A SATUAN 7Rp 1%.%%% +%%.%%% :%.%%% $:.%%% ;.%%% 1%%.%%% ;.%%% $;.%%% +%%.%%% +%%.%%% 'AR!A SE"URU'N> A 7Rp8 2%.%%% +%%.%%% :%.%%% +.$%%.%%% +.;%%.%%% 1%%.%%% +.%%%.%%% ;%.%%% $%%.%%% $%%.%%% +%%.%%% +%%.%%% ;%.%%% +$.%%% 1.%%%.%%% 4.;%%.%%% 2%%.%%% +.$%%.%%% 2.%%%.%%% 4.;%%.%%% 1%.4+$.%%%

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#umlah total /iaya penelitian Rp :%.2+$.%%%,. 7Empat puluh 9uta enam ratus ,ua /elas ri/u rupiah8. II. Du'un*an "ada Pela'sanaan Penelitian +. Du*un(an a*ti0 yan( se,an( /er9alan. a. Du*un(an ,ana penelitian Du*un(an ,ana ,ari sum/er lain ti,a* a,a. /. Penelitian ,osen ,an mahasis?a, seminar ,an pu/li*asi e/erapa pu/li*asi, seminar ,an hasil penelitian telah ,ila*u*an oleh Peneliti Utama yan( lan(sun( men,u*un( penelitian yan( ,ia9u*an 7lihat /io,ata8. Peneliti utama telah /anya* meneliti pen((unaan tum/uhan o/at /a(i /roiler. Demi*ian pula ,en(an peneliti pen,ampin(.

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$. Du*un(an yan( se,an( ,alam tahap pertim/an(an Ti,a* a,a 1. Proposal yan( se,an( ,irencana*an atau ,alam tara0 persiapan Ti,a* a,a III. Sa#ana 1.+. "a/oratoriumNA + $ "A ARATARIUM Nutrisi ,an Ma*anan Terna*, #urusan Peterna*an "a/. Pro,u*si Terna*, #urusan Peterna*an, 5aperta UNI 1 : "a/. Pote*si, #urusan u,i,aya Pertanian "a/. A(ronomi, #urusan u,i,aya Pertanian, 5aperta UNI KEMAMPUAN Analisis pro*simat ,an *olesterol Kan,an( ,an peralatan untu* +%%% e*or /roiler Analisis mi*ro/ia +%F PENUN#AN! PENE"ITIAN $%F ;%F

Analisis asam lema* $%F men((una*an !"B

12

1.$. Peralatan UtamaNO +. $. 1. :. ;. ALAT Spe*to0otometer !"B So*let TEMPAT 5aperta UNI 5aperta UNI 5aperta UNI KEGUNAAN KEMAMPUAN Analisis :% sampel6hari *olesterol Analisis asam :% sampel6hari lema* Analisis total +% samel6hari lipi, Analisis protein Analisis mi*ro/ia 1.1. Keteran(an Tam/ahan Peneliti utama mempunyai satu set *omputer /eserta 9arin(an internet. 5asilitas ini ,i(una*an untu* analisis ,ata, penelusuran pusta*a ,an laporan penelitian. +% sampel6hari $% sampel6hari

Satu set alat analisis protein 5aperta UNI Ruan( steril 5aperta UNI

14

IV. Bi(data Peneliti PENELITI UTAMA :.+. Nama "en(*ap ,an (elar Ir. Urip Santoso, MSc, PhD :.$. Pen,i,i*an UNIVERSITAS DAN "AKASI U!M, >o(ya*arta !i0u Uni)ersity, #epan( !i0u Uni)ersity, #epan( :.1. !E"AR Ir M.Sc. PhD TA'UN +3&; +33$ +33; IDAN! STUDI Peterna*an Nutrisi Terna* Nutrisi Terna* Tempat6T(l lahir re/es, $+ Septem/er +32%

Pen(alaman *er9a ,alam penelitian #A ATAN Ketua peneliti Ketua peneliti Ketua peneliti Ketua peneliti Ketua peneliti Ketua peneliti PERIADE KER#A +332.+334 +332 +33& $%%+ $%%$.$%%1 $%%:

INSTITUSI UR!E 7Di*ti8 ITS5 Ui)ersitas en(*ulu Penelitian Dasar 7Di*ti8 'i/ah ersain( 7Di*ti8 'i/ah Pe*erti 7Di*ti8

:.:. Da0tar pu/li*asi yan( rele)an ,en(an proposal penelitian yan( ,ia9u*an Santoso, U. $%%%. Men(enal ,aun *atu* se/a(ai 0ee, a,,iti)e pa,a /roiler. Poultry In,onesia $:$- ;3.2%. Santoso, U. $%%+a. E00ect o0 Sauropus androgynus eHtract on the carcass Muality o0 /roiler chic*s. uletin Peterna*an ,an Peri*anan, 4- $$.$& Santoso, U. $%%+/. E00ect o0 Sauropus androgynus eHtract on the per0ormance o0 /roiler. uletin Peterna*an ,an Peri*anan, 4- +;.$+. Santoso, U. $%%+c. E00ect o0 Sauropus androgynus eHtract on or(an ?ei(ht, toHicity an, num/er o0 Salmonella sp an, Escherichia coli o0 /roiler meat. uletin Peterna*an ,an Peri*anan, 4 7$8- +2$.+23. Santoso, U. $%%$. Apli*asi Te*nolo(i E*stra* Daun Katu* pa,a roiler. Pu/lic Ser)ice. en(*ulu Uni)ersity, en(*ulu.

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Santoso, U an, Sartini. $%%+. Re,uction o0 0at accumulation in /roiler chic*ens /y Sauropus androgynus 7Katu*8 lea0 meal supplementation. Asian.Aust. #. Anim. Sci. +:- 1:2.1;%. Santoso, U., S. Ahtani an, K. Tana*a. $%%+a. Tu.chun( lea0 meal supplementation re,uce, an increase in lipi, accumulation o0 chic*ens stimulate, /y ,ietary cholesterol. Asian.Aust. #. Anim. Sci. +1- +4;&.+421. Santoso, U., Suharyanto an, E. 'an,ayani. $%%+/. E00ects o0 Sauropus androgynus 7Katu*8 lea0 eHtract on (ro?th, 0at accumulation an, 0ecal microor(anisms in /roiler chic*ens. #urnal Ilmu Terna* ,an Veteriner, 2- $$%.$$2. Santoso, U., #. Setianto an, T. Sute*y. $%%$a. Pen((unaan E*stra* Daun Katu* untu* Menin(*at*an E0isiensi Pro,u*si ,an Kualitas Telur yan( Ramah "in(*un(an pa,a Ayam Petelur. Research Report, en(*ulu Uni)ersity, en(*ulu. Santoso, U., T. Sute*y, 'eryanto an, Sunarti. $%%$/. Pen(aruh cara pem/erian e*stra* ,aun *atu* 7Sauropus androgynus8 terha,ap penampilan ,an *ualitas *ar*as ayam pe,a(in(. # I T V, 4- +:1.+:&.

en(*ulu, +2 #uli $%%&

Ir. Urip Santoso, M.Sc., Ph.D

13

ANGGOTA PENELITI I :.+. Nama "en(*ap ,an (elar Suharyanto, S.Pt. :.$. Pen,i,i*an UNIVERSITAS DAN "AKASI UNI , en(*ulu IP , o(or !E"AR S.Pt. MSi TA'UN +334 $%%4 IDAN! STUDI Peterna*an Te*nolo(i 'asil Terna* Tempat6T(l lahir "ampun(, $ #uni +341

:.:.

Pen(alaman *er9a ,alam penelitian #A ATAN Ketua Peneliti Ketua Peneliti PERIADE KER#A $%%1 $%%;

INSTITUSI SEMI.QUE DIKS

:.:. Da0tar pu/li*asi yan( rele)an ,en(an proposal penelitian yan( ,ia9u*an Santoso, U., Su%a#+ant( an, E. 'an,ayani. $%%+/. E00ects o0 Sauropus androgynus 7Katu*8 lea0 eHtract on (ro?th, 0at accumulation an, 0ecal microor(anisms in /roiler chic*ens. #urnal Ilmu Terna* ,an Veteriner, 2- $$%.$$2.

en(*ulu, +2 #uli $%%&

Suharyanto, S.Pt., M.Si.

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ANGGOTA PENELITI II :.+. Nama "en(*ap ,an (elar Ir. Kususiyah, MP :.$. Pen,i,i*an UNIVERSITAS DAN "AKASI IP , o(or IP , o(or :.;. !E"AR Ir MP TA'UN +3&2 +33$ IDAN! STUDI Peterna*an Pro,u*si Un((as Tempat6T(l lahir Tulun(a(un(, 2 A*to/er +321

Pen(alaman *er9a ,alam penelitian #A ATAN Ketua Peneliti An((ota Peneliti PERIADE KER#A +334 +333

INSTITUSI Di*ti 7Ka9ian <anita8 Di*ti 7Penelitian Dasar8

:.:. Da0tar pu/li*asi yan( rele)an ,en(an proposal penelitian yan( ,ia9u*an Ti,a* A,a

en(*ulu, +2 #uli $%%&

Ir. Kususiyah, MP

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=AD>AL KEGIATAN N(. A. + $ 1 : . + $ B. + $ 1 D. + $ 1 : ; KEGIATAN?PENANG GUNG =A>AB PERSIAPAN 1

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